How To Make A Multi Threaded Microprocessor (Mpl) Microprocessor With A Powerbus (Mmer) And A Powerbook (Powerbus) (Powerbook) (Operating System) (Microprocessor) (Bipolar) (Multi

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1 IBM by zseries 900 Peter Stammbach IBM Schweiz Consulting IT Specialist, High End Servers

2 What is LINUX Popular UNIX-like operating system Developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991 Developed & tested by Open Source community communicating via Internet Open Source Software distributed under terms of the GNU Public License (GPL) Packaged and distributed by distributors which offer support (SuSE, RedHat, Caldera, Turbo Linux, et. al. )

3 Roots of Strength PCP K MVT/MFT K-64K SVS (16MB Virtual) 1970 SVS/OS-VS1 (MFT) 1972 SVS/OS-VS2 (MVT) 256K-512K DAT AP AP OS AP AP OS AP AP AP Real Memory OS /360 /370

4 The Master Plan Bipolar (ECL) to CMOS Technology Reduce Costs - Compete with alternative platforms Restructure/Retool - engine size equivalent to 9X2 Single Image to Parallel Sysplex Traditional OLTP focused Availability base for 24 X 7 Scale beyond largest Single Image Workload Manager MVS to OS/390 to zos Attract packaged Applications - Unix Interfaces Easier to Install - OS/390 package s Management Services OS/390 WebSphere Application Server Security Server Application Enablement Services LAN Services enetwork Communication Server Softcopy Services Transaction Servers UNIX Services Distributed Computing Services Services Database Servers Print Services

5 Downsizing to the Mainframe CMOS ECL reduced annual running costs Bipolar Cost CMOS Maintenance Power Type 9x2 RY5 Mips % Power 206kVA 2.8kVA -96% Heat 192kW 2.7kW -96% Weight 11.5Tons 0.6Tons -94,8% with full ESA/390 Function ESCON Channels Full Sysplex Support ICMF, ICF EMIF CICS SSP and SGF DB2 Sort and ADMF Data Compression OSA Enhanced PR/SM Cryptographic co-processor

6 Capacity/Performance Uni-processor Comparison: Bipolar C M O S CMOS Single Image Growth 25x Relative Performance Uni-size Growth 15x G5 Server G6 Server ~2700 MIPS 20 engines 16-way B 3090 E 3090 S 3090 J R R2/R3 G3 Server G4 Server R1 R2/3 MIPS 170 MIPS G3 360 MIPS G4 473 MIPS G MIPS 12 engines 10-way 500MHz G MIPS 14 engines 12-way 637MHz zseries 770MHz September 1994 July 1995 September 1996 June 1997 September 1998 May Q 2000 xx xxxx

7 Super Silicon copper - 770MHz zseries CMOS Chip 20 Processors on one Multilayer Ceramic Module 12x12cm

8 z/900 Bandwith Security Bandwidth Crypto with Triple DES (up to TXs/sec) Memory Bandwidth 24GB Memory Bandwith Parallel Sysplex Bandwidth Internal Coupling Channel 4GB/sec Integrated Couple Bus 1GB/sec Hiper Sockets Network Bandwidth up to 24 Gb Ethernet Adapters Application Access to Data Bandwidth 96 FICON Channel 100 MB/sec 20 Processors, appx. 2'700 MIPS, LPAR Clustering

9 Linux Momentum Building 1999 New Server OS Shipments NetWare 3.x/4.x/5.x 19.2% Linux 24.4% Combined UNIX 15.2% Windows NT 3.3% 37.8% Other NOS Linux shipments grew 93.3% YTY 1999: #2 volume OS Linux shipments projected to have highest growth (99-04) New Server OS License Forecast (99-04) 13 Other Linux 28.4% Growth All Unix Novell NetWare from IDC "Server Operating Environments Market Forecast & Analysis" June 2000 Windows NT 21.4% Growth

10 e-business Reality... A Distributed - Multi-tier - Heterogeneous Structure with Multiplication of Servers Load Balancers Web Portals & Pages Web App'n Services Domain Firewalls OLTP App'n & Data Customer Call Centers & Data Cache's message & document data Internet Internet Firewalls ERP App'n & Data BI, Data Warehouses & Marts Specialized s

11 ... and the resulting Challenges Explosion of transactions and servers Management of Response time Unpredictability Continuous Service E2E Security Rapid deployment of new Applications Average Utilization of Hardware Variability of Server and Communication Hardware Number of SW Licenses Managability Cost!

12 Why run Linux on zseries? Reliability The most reliable hardware platform in the world. Period. Scalability 15 Linux images possible on native hardware Virtually unlimited Linux images possible with VM/ESA - VIF Manageability Centralized Linux systems easier to manage / duplicate Use management functions from S/390 operating systems for Linux (z/os or z/vm)

13 zseries - a Virtual Server Container WWW e-commerce Domino ERP Traditional Transactions & Batch Test Open Source 100's of Linux Servers z/os z/os z/os Linux VIF-z/VM zseries 900 Unmatched Virtualization of Hardware Shared Processors Shared Channelsubsystem(PAV,MA,I/O Priority) Shared Memory (SoD) Virtual Highspeed Network I/O Bandwith

14 Testplan Charly * Server farms Linux for zseries images Single purpose Internet-related servers Consolidation e-business Web servers Internet new servers Domain name servers File/print servers VM or IBM zseries Virtual Image Facility for Linux Solution area Discrete solution zseries solution Server hardware $10,970,000 $676,000 Network hardware $1,200,000 $375,000 Facilities rental $270,000 / month 0 Facilities hardware $585,000 $12,000 Management servers $1,462,500 $34,000 / year Salaries $1,600,000 / month $60,000 / month Three Year Cost Totals $53M $7M *David Boyes, Sine Nomine Associates

15 Linux Application Strengths What Services are running on your Servers? Now 12 months months Standard Web(HTML) Server Web Application Server Server Intranet Server Software Development Firewall File and Print Services Database Server Desktop office other non-internet, Internally developed e-commerce Application Other Commercial Des N = 109 Copyright October 2000 Zona Research, Inc.

16 Linux for S/390 structure LINUX applications LINUX kernel common, architecture agnostic code memory management process management GNU runtime library network protocols filesystems common, generic drivers S/390 dependent layer arch arch HW dependent driver S/390 instruction set and I/O Hardware Linux - modular and highly portable. 0.85% code changes are S/390 specific

17 Linux for S/390 Network Constructs Network Apache Linux 18 MB/sec TCP/IP Linux PR/SM 18 MB/sec z/os other /390 OS Limit of 15 Logical Partitions Network Apache Linux CTCA TCP/IP Linux Virtual CTCA (200 MB/sec)* z/vm - VIF Network CTCA z/os other /390 OS Virtually unlimited number of virtual machines Apache Linux IUCV TCP/IP CMS IUCV Database IUCV (500 MB/sec) z/vm- VIF zseries Hipersockets** (2.4 GB/sec) *Model Dependant: G5 G6 zseries

18 File Serving - Classical Scenario File server User Data The size of many file servers is small to medium File servers are distributed because File server User Data Departments want to control their own servers Division of data and users into small manageable packages network File server File server failover User Data User Data Backup server Tape Maintenance and system updates have to be done for each server File serving is I/O intensive, CPU utilization low Stand by Backup and recovery over network causes bandwidth problems

19 File Serving with Linux on zseries virtual network Hipersockets File server File server File server z/vm - VIF File server failover Standby User Data + variables User Data + variables User Data + variables User Data + variables shared r/o access OS/390 ADSM server Tape

20 Webserving: Typical Utilizations Firewall 20% util The ISP specialty Webserver 10% util Webserver 5% util Webserver 5% util Webserver 10% util Webserver 15% util Failover 0% util 20% 10% 5% 5% 10% 15% 0% 25% 10% 100% Websites with self written applications (CGI, servlets) have to run each on it's own server Many of these are small, <100MB disk space CPU utilization is in most cases very low Many server can be consolidated on one zseries or S/390 CPU Firewall 25% util Mix of consolidated servers allow for less white space for peak performance DNSserver 10% util

21 Web Serving Classical Scenario Internet Firewall 1 Web server User Data Web server Cluster File server User Data Web server network Web server server User Data Firewall 2 Backup server User Data Tape LDAP server

22 Webserving with Linux on zseries Internet Firewall 1 server var User Data VIF - z/vm virtual network Web server Web server Web server Firewall 2 var var var shared r/o User Data shared r/o LDAP server Backup Server on z/os Tape

23 Backend integration with Linux Internet Application Integration Firewall Websphere Application Server Apache Webserver UNIX application Firewall Linux Linux LPAR's inside CICS IMS DB2 SAP... z/os Using of Linux and WebSphere Application Server as Web front-end to classical back-end applications like DB2, CICS, IMS Using of firewalls on Linux instances makes it possible to have the DMZ with webserver plus back-end application on one piece of hardware Hyper sockets and IUCV connections provide high bandwidth between servers

24 Backend integration... continued UNIX application Fileserver Webserver Linux security OS/390 LDAP server Security integration with z/os Connection of Linux to RACF via LDAP allows for single user ID and password space in the systems, e.g. fileserving Easy development and deployment of new applications using back-end z/os resources Linux Tivoli User Administration RACF database Other important directory services in z/os are:netware Directory Services (NDS),the Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI)and the Domino Name and Address Book.

25 S/390 - Virtual Server for the Enterprise A Winning Combination z/os OS/390 Database Database Database Database Name Name Server Server Firewall Firewall Firewall Firewall Network Server Apache Apache Apache Apache 1 Physical Server MAPS 's of Servers Provides a SHARED I/O configuration Eliminate Encryption / Decryption between Servers

26 mysap.com on Linux for zseries CeBIT, Hannover, Germany, March 22, "With IBM supporting Linux on the eserver zseries, customers now benefit immediately from the availability of mysap.com on this hardware platform. The early SAP commitment to Linux proves to be the right decision." Karl-Heinz Hess, member of the SAP Extended Executive Board "This combination of technologies -- with mysap.com and the z900 at its core --- provides our mutual customers with superior reliability, outstanding systems management, and breadth of applications available on Linux, all at a competitive price." Dan Colby, general manager, Enterprise Servers, IBM

27 from the Internet to the Enterprise... Open Source projects with IBM active in the community Networking s Management - cluster installation Journalled File - JFS port to Linux Kernel performance - scheduler, Java glibc/mathlib work - IA-64 high-precision math functions Linux Standards Base participation Logical Volume Manager More Open Source in the works (Scalability, clustering, RAS, networking...) IBM Linux Technology Center Building world-wide IBM Linux technical team Austin, Portland, Raleigh, Rochester, Poughkeepsie, Endicott, Somers, Yorktown, Boeblingen, Haifa, TRL, India, Hursley...

28 Websites and contacts Linux at IBM IBM zseries Linux Application Tools IBM developerworks website with Linux for S/390 modifications Marist College Linux for S/390 SuSE Linux Enterprise Server for S/390 Princeton University Linux for S/390 site - compiled tools / applications Thinking Objects Linux for S/390 site - compiled tools / applications