Technology Advances that Help Stop Tax Refund Fraud and EITC Abuse

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1 Technology Advances that Help Stop Tax Refund Fraud and EITC Abuse FTA Technology Conference July 31, 2013 Presented by: Joan Barr Brian Bequette, Sandy Fitzpatrick 1

2 [ Agenda ] Impact of refund tax fraud and earned income tax credit abuse Best practices/techniques for fraud detection Best fraud solution 2

3 Impact of Refund Fraud and EITC Abuse 3

4 [ Impact of Fraud ] In 2010, Government Accountability Office estimated annual fraud at the IRS and state levels to be in the hundreds of billions. $500,000,000,000 Source: GAO Report, September, 2010 but 4

5 [ Impact of Fraud ] In 2012, the fraud situation has become so bad, total economic damage is now unknown. $???,000,000,000 Annual tax underpayments and fraud. Source: GAO Report, September,

6 [ Impact of Fraud ] The Government Accountability Office estimated that 27% of Annual Earned Income Tax Credits are fraudulent. 6

7 [ Impact of Fraud ] Earned Income Tax Credit improper payments made by the IRS in 2012 $13,600,000,000 Source: TIGTA Report, April,

8 [ Impact of Fraud ] How do we stop it? 8

9 Best practice fraud detection techniques Types of Fraud Detection Internal Validation Third Party Validation Predictive Analytics Fraud Modeling, Rules and Deny Listing Year-Over-Year Return Analysis Return Attachment (PDF) Analysis Proprietary Fraud Algorithms 9

10 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Internal Data Validation PROS Proven effective in identifying fraud related to identity theft and EITC abuse. Usually accessible within the Department of Revenue. Relatively easy to implement. Increases effectiveness when used in combination with other techniques. CONS Does not capture all types of fraud as data validates against internal sources. Does not capture certain preparer fraud. 10

11 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Third-Party Data Validation PROS Proven effective for first time filers. Helps with taxpayer verification. CONS Does not capture all types of fraud as data validates against third party sources. Does not capture identity theft. Requires taxpayer data to leave Department of Revenue. 11

12 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Predictive Data Analytics PROS Highly-effective at identifying fraud with unique characteristics. Highly-effective at identifying hard to find cases like identity theft. CONS Requires some initial analysis and tuning. Unable to identify all types of fraud. 12

13 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Fraud Modeling, Rules and Deny Listing PROS Effective at identifying refund fraud from known patterns and filters. CONS Typically static and do not easily adapt to changes in fraud patterns and criminal behavior. 13

14 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Year-Over-Year Return Analysis PROS Effective at detecting non-compliance due to error or fraud. Uses current and historical data that is available via internal sources. Relatively easy to implement. CONS Unable to detect first-time filer fraud and compliance issues. Requires retention/access to historical data. 14

15 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Return Attachment (PDF) Analysis PROS Utilizes advancements in technology to review data within a PDF. Scans and parses tax return PDF attachments. Transforms PDFs into usable data that can be analyzed, compared and validated against other tax return data sources. Closes a current gap in the fraud analysis process that has been exploited by taxpayers, preparers and criminals. CONS Helps identify fraud only when PDF attachment is present. Must define key data to be mined with the PDF. 15

16 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Proprietary Fraud Algorithms PROS: Identify fraudulent returns with unique characteristics. Identify certain hard-to-find EITC and identity theft cases. Quickly adapt to changes in criminal behavior. Incorporate scoring mechanisms for each return. CONS: Require some initial manual tuning and analysis. 16

17 [ Fraud Detection Techniques] Identity theft Internal data validation Fraud Processes Table EITC abuse Overstate refund Hiding data in attachment Hiding data in statement Find new fraud patterns 3 rd party data validation Predictive analytics Fraud modeling Year-to-year analysis Return attachment PDF Proprietary algorithms 17

18 What s the most effective fraud solution? 18

19 [ Most Effective Fraud Solution] What is the Most Effective Fraud Solution? The solution should: Give your agency tools to identify: clusters of fraud, changes in criminal behavior, credits that are abused, preparer fraud, etc. Identify and STOP refund fraud and EITC abuse BEFORE any refund is paid. Help the legitimate taxpayer. 19

20 [ Most Effective Fraud Solution] What is the Most Effective Fraud Solution? The solution should also: Analyze current and historical facts to make predictions about future fraud and changes in current fraud patterns. Identify fraud for tax audit (e.g. taxpayers that fraudulently reduce their tax liability). The most effective fraud solution will combine all best practice fraud detection techniques. 20

21 [ Most Effective Fraud Solution] The Most Effective Fraud Solution Should: Identify multiple types of fraud and audit situations, including but not limited to: Identity theft Taxpayer error Erroneous or fraudulent reduction of liability Erroneous or fraudulent overstatement of credit(s) Preparer fraud EITC abuse Attachments (PDF s) 21

22 [ Most Effective Fraud Solution] The Most Effective Fraud Solution Should: Provide a user interface to display cases to be worked or investigated by fraud department staff with incorporated case-management. Provide relevant reporting metrics and statistics. Provide an interface to allow legitimate taxpayers to reconcile their account. Use all return data when determining fraud rather than just a few fields. 22

23 [ Most Effective Fraud Solution] The Most Effective Fraud Solution Should: Automate fraud processes including, but not limited to: Identification of fraud Identification of new fraud and audit patterns Quarantining of suspected fraudulent refunds Taxpayer notification Reconciliation for legitimate taxpayers Fraud alerting/notification 23

24 Conclusion / Questions 24

25 [ Conclusion] Conclusion Current fraud detection processes must be enhanced to combat increasing tax fraud and EITC abuse. The most effective fraud solution will combine all best practice fraud detection techniques. The solution should be: Automated from end-to-end Easily configurable/customizable Able to respond quickly and adapt Able to provide metrics/reporting Able to help legitimate taxpayers And most of all STOP the refund before it goes out. 25

26 [ Conclusion] Questions you should ask: Are you catching all the tax fraud in your state? Do you have Earned Income Tax Credit abuse in your state? Do you have unlimited budget and resources to catch fraud? Have you been told that it s not worth your time to try to recover small fraud amounts? Are you using all the data on returns or just a few fields to determine fraud? Do you have IT support to program any and all new fraud checks? Can you display related filings all returns with the same fraud pattern? Are you often asked to provide data or reports to show where fraud occurs in your state? Do you know what percent of a paid preparer s returns are filed with EITC or a specific credit and how many were fraudulent? 26

27 Questions? 27

28 Contact us 28

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