Quality of Service Routing Network and Performance Evaluation*
|
|
- Mervyn Thompson
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Quality of Service Routing Network and Performance Evaluation* Shen Lin, Cui Yong, Xu Ming-wei, and Xu Ke Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R.China, {shenlin, cy, xmw, Abstract. In order to provide QoS guarantees for data transmission, we developed the QoS router, which can seek feasible paths subject to QoS requirements for the IP packets. However, the QoS router cannot be deployed extensively in the Internet because the current routers need to be modified. Based on the overlay network, we propose QoS Routing Network (QOSRN), which consists of fewer QoS routers and virtual links. We go further by researching into the impact of the arrangement of QoS routers upon the performance of QOSRN. Extensive simulations show that by adopting reasonable arrangement scheme, e.g. deploying border routers first, QOSRN achieves high performance without increasing the load of the network excessively. The research result can give some guidance to the construction of the overlay network that provides QoS guarantees. 1 Introduction In order to provide QoS guarantees for data transmission, we developed the QoS router to support QoS routing (QOSR)[1]. Compared with traditional routers, the QoS router has the following characteristics: (1) It gathers dynamical local link state information (e.g. available bandwidth, delay, loss ratio) by means of interface statistics, (2) QoS-aware routing protocols are used to exchange the gathered information between QoS routers, (3) Multi-constrained QoS routing algorithms[2][3] are employed to compute the routing table. Although the QoS router can provide QoS guarantees for data transmission, it is not practical to transform all the routers into QoS routers at present. The only feasible scheme is to deploy a few QoS routers in the Internet, but it is also exposed to some problems. Firstly, QoS router needs to exchange the special measurement packets with neighbors to measure local links state (e.g. loss ratio). However, if the neighbor is a traditional router, the measurement cannot be carried out because the traditional router does not support the measurement protocol. Secondly, QoS-aware routing information cannot be exchanged by QoS routing protocol between QoS router and traditional router. Finally, for the above two reasons, QoS router cannot acquire the enough network state information, so it cannot compute the routing table by multiconstrained QoS routing algorithms. * Supported by (1) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No , ); (2) the National Major Basic Research Program of China (No. 2003CB314801). P. Lorenz and P. Dini (Eds.): ICN 2005, LNCS 3421, pp , Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005
2 Quality of Service Routing Network and Performance Evaluation 203 To solve these problems, we use overlay network for reference and propose QoS Routing Network (QOSRN), which consists of a few QoS routers and virtual links that connect all the QoS routers together. In QOSRN, each QoS router measures the QoS metrics of connected virtual links, exchanges with each other using QoS-aware routing protocol and computes paths consisting of virtual links by multi-constrained QoS routing algorithms. In order to evaluate the performance of QOSRN, we conduct the simulation based on a 200-node hierarchical network topology generated by GT-ITM, from which a number of nodes are chosen to be QoS routers to construct the QOSRN. Two metrics (Improvement Ratio and Failure Ratio) are introduced to evaluate the performance of QOSRN. In the simulation, we research further into the arrangement of QoS routers in QOSRN and find that the rule of how QoS routers are chosen and their connection mode significantly influence the performance of QOSRN. According to the result of the simulation, we proposed some reasonable arrangement schemes, under which QOSRN achieves high performance while the load of the network does not increase excessively. 2 QoS Routing Network 2.1 Architecture Definition 1. Virtual link According to some rules (discussed in later section), each pair of QoS routers is configured connected or disconnected. The minimal-hop path between the connected QoS routers is called virtual link. It consists of the routers and the physical links on the path. QoS Routing Network (QOSRN) is composed of interconnected QoS routers and the virtual links between them. Fig. 1 shows an example of QOSRN, which is com Fig. 1. QoS Routing Network
3 204 L. Shen et al. posed of 7 QoS routers A-G from 4 autonomous systems (ASes). The QoS routers are connected via virtual links. Each of the virtual links is usually composed of several physical links. Several QoS-aware routing protocols are used in QOSRN. SQOSPF[4], whose advantages include easy implementation, multi-constrained QoS support, high-speed convergence and multiple QoS routing algorithms support, can be used in smallscaled QOSRN. In large-scaled QOSRN, hierarchical architecture must be adopted to enhance scalability, such as the combination of SQOSPF and the QoS extension of BGP[5]. 2.2 QoS Routing There are three phases in the IP packet transmission by QOSRN: 1. Sending IP packet from source to a chosen QoS router (source QoS router) in the same AS. The rule for choosing source QoS router will be discussed in the later section. 2. Transmitting IP packet within QOSRN using QoS routing and sending it to a chosen QoS router (destination QoS router) in the AS which contains the destination of IP packet. The rule of how destination QoS router is chosen will be discussed in the later section, too. 3. Sending IP packet from the destination QoS router to the destination. Arrows in Fig. 1 show a complete packet transmission process using QOSRN. Host H1 in AS1 sends IP packets to Host H2 in AS2. Firstly, H1 sends the packet to QoS router F in AS1. F determines that the destination of the IP packet is in AS2 and chooses QoS router C as the destination QoS router from AS2. Then the routers in QOSRN forward the packet along a path that satisfies the QoS requirements of packet (in Fig 1, the chosen path is F-E-D-C). The black arrows show the forwarding path in QOSRN, and the grey arrows show the actual path in the underlying network Sending IP Packet from Source to Source QoS Router We encapsulate the actual sent IP packet in a new IP packet called QoS IP packet. The destination of the new IP packet is the address of the chosen source QoS router. The protocol type field of the new packet is set to 126, indicating that the data after the new header is the actual sent IP packet and the IP packet is transmitted within the same AS Transmitting IP Packet in QOSRN When QoS router receives an IP packet whose destination address is router 's local address and protocol type field is 126, it will determine the AS which contains the destination of the actual IP packet and choose a QoS router as destination QoS router from that AS. The actual sent IP packet is also encapsulated in a new IP packet whose destination field is the address of the chosen destination QoS router. The new packet 's protocol type field is set to 127, indicating that the packet is transmitted in QOSRN. Then, QoS router seeks a feasible path in the QoS routing table subject to the QoS requirements of the packet, and forwards it.
4 Quality of Service Routing Network and Performance Evaluation Sending IP Packet from the Destination QoS Router to the Destination When QoS router receives an IP packet whose destination address is router 's local address and the protocol type field is 127, it is indicated that the destination of the actual IP packet is in the same AS. Then the router decapsulates the actual sent IP packet from the packet and forwards it to the destination Choosing Source and Destination QoS Routers There may be several QoS routers in one AS. When end system wants to use QOSRN to transmit data packets, it must choose one as the source QoS router. Because routing from source to the source QoS router is best effort, we prescribe that the QoS router with minimal-hop path to source should be chosen as the source QoS router. The destination QoS router can be chosen in the same way. As mentioned above, QoS router distributes routes information acquired by exchanging OSPF protocol with traditional routers among QOSRN. According to these routes information, the source QoS router can choose destination QoS router with minimal-hop path to the destination. 3 Simulation Setup and Performance Metrics Definition 2. QOSRN Routing The routing mode in QOSRN, which combines Best Effort Routing and Complete QoS Routing, is called QOSRN Routing. The Best Effort Routing is widely used in current Internet, which selects the path with minimal hop count. The Complete QoS Routing is used in the network constructed entirely by QoS routers. 3.1 Simulation Setup The goal of an effective QOSRN includes suitable proportion of QoS routers, high QoS guarantees to IP packets transmission and lower extra load. In order to construct such an effective QOSRN, we conduct simulation to evaluate the performance of QOSRN under different arrangement schemes. In the simulation, the rule of how QoS routers are chosen and their connection mode are taken into account. The simulation is based on a 200-node hierarchical network topology generated by GT-ITM[6]. The 200 nodes are divided into 10 ASes, and each AS has 20 nodes. In an AS, the nodes connected with other ASes are named border nodes. Then, three types of QoS metrics which all obey uniform distribution between 1 and 100 are configured to each physical link. For convenience, we assume that these three types of QoS metrics are independent. In the simulation, two nodes in different ASes are chosen as source and destination randomly, and 1000 QoS requirements with three metrics are used to test the performance of three routing mode (Best Effort Routing, Complete QoS Routing and QOSRN Routing). Each metric of QoS requirement obeys uniform distribution between 1 and 100D, where D is the diameter of the network topology. For each different arrangement scheme, we run the simulation 1,000 times and get the average result.
5 206 L. Shen et al. 3.2 Performance Metrics In order to evaluate the performance of QOSRN, we focus on two performance metrics: Improvement Ratio (IR) and Failure Ratio (FR). Definition 3. Improvement Ratio (IR) For a certain amount of QoS requirements, the Improvement Ratio (IR) is defined as follows: Num( BE QOSRN) IR =, where Num( BE QOSRN) Num( BE CompQoSR) and Num( BE CompQoS) are the numbers of the QoS requirements which Best Effort Routing cannot satisfy but can be satisfied by QOSRN Routing and Complete QoS Routing respectively. Definition 4. Failure Ratio (FR) For a certain amount of QoS requirements, the Failure Ratio (FR) is defined as follows: FR =, where Num( QOSRN BE) is the number of the Num( QOSRN BE) Num( QoSReq.) QoS requirements which QOSRN Routing cannot satisfy but can be satisfied by Best Effort Routing. QOSRN consists of a few QoS routers. Compared with the network constructed entirely by QoS routers, it lacks sufficient global network state information. So QOSRN can only provide a certain degree of QoS guarantees. That is to say, QOSRN Routing can only satisfy a part of QoS requirements that Complete QoS Routing satisfies. Improvement Ratio is used to evaluate this relative degree, and reflects QOSRN 's ability of providing QoS guarantees. On the other hand, QOSRN Routing sometimes cannot satisfy some QoS requirements that Best Effort Routing satisfies for the lack of sufficient information. It's Failure Ratio that reflects the negative impact of QOSRN upon the IP packets transmission. 4 Simulation Result During the simulation, we vary the rule of how QoS routers are chosen and their connection mode to investigate the factors that influence the performance of QOSRN. The simulation results are shown as follows. 4.1 Rule of Qos Router Choosing In this simulation, full connection is also adopted to connect all the chosen nodes. Two rules of how QoS routers are chosen will be studied. One is to choose randomly; the other is to choose border node first. The variations of IR and FR with different selection rules are shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively. The x-axis is the proportion of QoS routers. We observe that QOSRN performs better when the border nodes are chosen first. The reason is that the interdomain data transmission must pass border routers. Choosing border routers as QoS routers can provide better QoS guarantees according to dynamic network state.
6 Quality of Service Routing Network and Performance Evaluation 207 Fig. 2. Improvement Ratio vs. Fig. 3. Failure Ratio vs. Proportion of QoS Routers (Ran- dom & Border Router First) dom & Border Router Proportion of QoS Routers (Ran- First) Fig. 4. Improvement Ratio vs. Proportion of QoS Routers(Full Connection & Incomplete Connection) Fig. 5. Failure Ratio vs. Proportion of QoS Routers(Full Connection & Incomplete Connection) Fig. 6. Virtual Link Number vs. Proportion of QoS Routers (Full Connection & Incomplete Connection)
7 208 L. Shen et al. 4.2 Connection Mode In this simulation, the second selection rule is adopted, and we study the impact of two types of connection mode upon the performance of QOSRN. One is full connection mode; the other is incomplete connection mode. By the latter mode, a virtual link will be deleted from the full connected graph if there is another QoS router on the minimal-hop path of a pair of QoS routers. The variations of IR and FR with different connection modes are shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively. The number of virtual link of the two modes is shown in Fig. 6. The x-axis is the proportion of QoS routers. We observe that the performance of the full connection mode is higher than that of the incomplete connection mode when proportion is below 20%, and the two modes have almost the same performance when proportion is above 20%. However, the number of virtual links of the second mode is far less than that of the full connection mode. Because the load of most QoS-aware routing protocols are proportional to the number of virtual links, the load of the incomplete mode is far less than that of the full connection mode, especially when the proportion of QoS routers is high. Therefore, during the construction of QOSRN, if the proportion of QoS router is low, full connection is better because QOSRN has a good performance and its load is not very high. And if the proportion is high, the second connection mode should be chosen because it has the same performance as full connection mode and far lower load. 5 Conclusion and Future Work In this paper, we proposed a solution QOSRN to provide QoS guarantees in the Internet and evaluate its performance under different arrangement schemes. QOSRN is composed of a few interconnected QoS routers and the virtual links between them. Two metrics (Improvement Ratio and Failure Ratio) are introduced to evaluate the performance of QOSRN. In the simulation, the rule of how QoS routers are chosen and their connection mode are take into consideration to further analyze the impact of the arrangement of QoS routers upon the performance of QOSRN. Extensive simulations show that by adopting the reasonable arrangement scheme, e.g. deploying the border routers first, QOSRN achieves high performance while the load of the network does not increase excessively. To deploy QOSRN more practically, further research is required on the QoS-aware routing protocol and the impact of underlying network topology upon QOSRN. References 1. Piet Van Mieghem, Hans De Neve, Fernando Kuipers, Hop-by-hop quality of service routing, Computer Networks 37(2001), pp Cui Yong, Xu Ke, Wu Jianping, Precomputation for multi-constrained QoS routing in highspeed networks, Proceedings - IEEE INFOCOM'03, 2003, vol. 2, pp Cui Yong, Xu Ke, Wu Jianping, Yu Zhongchao, Multi-constrained routing based on simulated annealing, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003, vol. 3, pp
8 Quality of Service Routing Network and Performance Evaluation Shen Lin, Xu Mingwei, Xu Ke, Cui Yong and Zhao Youjian, Simple quality-of-service path first protocol and modeling analysis, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2004, vol. 4, pp Li Xiao, King-Shan Lui, Jun Wang, Klara Nahrstedt, QoS Extension to BGP, ICNP 2002, pp GT-ITM: Georgia Tech Internetwork Topology Models, projects/gtitm/.
Simulation of Heuristic Usage for Load Balancing In Routing Efficiency
Simulation of Heuristic Usage for Load Balancing In Routing Efficiency Nor Musliza Mustafa Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Maklumat, Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor normusliza@kuis.edu.my Abstract.
More informationA Topology-Aware Relay Lookup Scheme for P2P VoIP System
Int. J. Communications, Network and System Sciences, 2010, 3, 119-125 doi:10.4236/ijcns.2010.32018 Published Online February 2010 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ijcns/). A Topology-Aware Relay Lookup Scheme
More informationpacket retransmitting based on dynamic route table technology, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Implementation of an Emulation Environment for Large Scale Network Security Experiments Cui Yimin, Liu Li, Jin Qi, Kuang Xiaohui National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System
More informationOpnet Based simulation for route redistribution in EIGRP, BGP and OSPF network protocols
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 9, Issue 1, Ver. IV (Jan. 2014), PP 47-52 Opnet Based simulation for route redistribution
More informationQuality of Service Routing in MPLS Networks Using Delay and Bandwidth Constraints
Quality of Service Routing in MPLS Networks Using Delay and Bandwidth Constraints Mohammad HossienYaghmae Computer Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashad, Mashhad, Iran hyaghmae@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir
More informationNew QOS Routing Algorithm for MPLS Networks Using Delay and Bandwidth Constraints
New QOS Routing Algorithm for MPLS Networks Using Delay and Bandwidth Constraints Santosh Kulkarni 1, Reema Sharma 2,Ishani Mishra 3 1 Department of ECE, KSSEM Bangalore,MIEEE, MIETE & ISTE 2 Department
More informationRouter and Routing Basics
Router and Routing Basics Malin Bornhager Halmstad University Session Number 2002, Svenska-CNAP Halmstad University 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts CCNA2 Routing and packet forwarding Static routing Dynamic
More informationRouter Scheduling Configuration Based on the Maximization of Benefit and Carried Best Effort Traffic
Telecommunication Systems 24:2 4, 275 292, 2003 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Manufactured in The Netherlands. Router Scheduling Configuration Based on the Maximization of Benefit and Carried Best Effort
More informationHow To Make A Network Plan Based On Bg, Qos, And Autonomous System (As)
Policy Based QoS support using BGP Routing Priyadarsi Nanda and Andrew James Simmonds Department of Computer Systems Faculty of Information Technology University of Technology, Sydney Broadway, NSW Australia
More informationRouting Protocols (RIP, OSPF, BGP)
Chapter 13 Routing Protocols (RIP, OSPF, BGP) INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR ROUTING RIP OSPF BGP 1 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 1 Introduction Packets may pass through several networks on their way to
More informationArchitecture of distributed network processors: specifics of application in information security systems
Architecture of distributed network processors: specifics of application in information security systems V.Zaborovsky, Politechnical University, Sait-Petersburg, Russia vlad@neva.ru 1. Introduction Modern
More informationComparison of RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, IGRP Routing Protocols in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) By Using OPNET Simulator Tool - A Practical Approach
Comparison of RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, IGRP Routing Protocols in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) By Using OPNET Simulator Tool - A Practical Approach U. Dillibabau 1, Akshay 2, M. Lorate Shiny 3 UG Scholars,
More informationPath Selection Analysis in MPLS Network Based on QoS
Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi (CFD), Cilt:36, No: 6 Özel Sayı (2015) ISSN: 1300-1949 Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Science Science Journal (CSJ), Vol. 36, No: 6 Special
More informationPerformance Evaluation of VoIP using Shortest-Widest and Modified Widest-Shortest QoS Routing Algorithms
Performance Evaluation of VoIP using Shortest-Widest and Modified Widest-Shortest QoS Routing Algorithms Ala F. Khalifeh, and Ali H. El-Mousa Abstract Implementation of current real time services (of which
More informationNetwork Level Multihoming and BGP Challenges
Network Level Multihoming and BGP Challenges Li Jia Helsinki University of Technology jili@cc.hut.fi Abstract Multihoming has been traditionally employed by enterprises and ISPs to improve network connectivity.
More informationBuilding MPLS VPNs with QoS Routing Capability i
Building MPLS VPNs with QoS Routing Capability i Peng Zhang, Raimo Kantola Laboratory of Telecommunication Technology, Helsinki University of Technology Otakaari 5A, Espoo, FIN-02015, Finland Tel: +358
More informationAn Efficient Primary-Segmented Backup Scheme for Dependable Real-Time Communication in Multihop Networks
IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING, VOL. 11, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2003 81 An Efficient Primary-Segmented Backup Scheme for Dependable Real-Time Communication in Multihop Networks Krishna Phani Gummadi, Madhavarapu
More informationTwo Approaches to Internet Traffic Engineering for End-to-End Quality of Service Provisioning
Two Approaches to Internet Engineering for End-to-End Quality of Service Provisioning Kin-Hon Ho, Michael Howarth, Ning Wang, George Pavlou and Stylianos Georgoulas Centre for Communication Systems Research,
More informationDynamic Routing Protocols II OSPF. Distance Vector vs. Link State Routing
Dynamic Routing Protocols II OSPF Relates to Lab 4. This module covers link state routing and the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. 1 Distance Vector vs. Link State Routing With distance
More informationAn Efficient QoS Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks *
An Efficient QoS Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks * Inwhee Joe College of Information and Communications Hanyang University Seoul, Korea iwj oeshanyang.ac.kr Abstract. To satisfy the user requirements
More informationHyper Node Torus: A New Interconnection Network for High Speed Packet Processors
2011 International Symposium on Computer Networks and Distributed Systems (CNDS), February 23-24, 2011 Hyper Node Torus: A New Interconnection Network for High Speed Packet Processors Atefeh Khosravi,
More informationExterior Gateway Protocols (BGP)
Exterior Gateway Protocols (BGP) Internet Structure Large ISP Large ISP Stub Dial-Up ISP Small ISP Stub Stub Stub Autonomous Systems (AS) Internet is not a single network! The Internet is a collection
More informationA ROUTING ALGORITHM FOR MPLS TRAFFIC ENGINEERING IN LEO SATELLITE CONSTELLATION NETWORK. Received September 2012; revised January 2013
International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control ICIC International c 2013 ISSN 1349-4198 Volume 9, Number 10, October 2013 pp. 4139 4149 A ROUTING ALGORITHM FOR MPLS TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
More informationAssignment #3 Routing and Network Analysis. CIS3210 Computer Networks. University of Guelph
Assignment #3 Routing and Network Analysis CIS3210 Computer Networks University of Guelph Part I Written (50%): 1. Given the network graph diagram above where the nodes represent routers and the weights
More informationAnalysis of traffic engineering parameters while using multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) and traditional IP networks
Analysis of traffic engineering parameters while using multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) and traditional IP networks Faiz Ahmed Electronic Engineering Institute of Communication Technologies, PTCL
More informationPerformance Evaluation of AODV, OLSR Routing Protocol in VOIP Over Ad Hoc
(International Journal of Computer Science & Management Studies) Vol. 17, Issue 01 Performance Evaluation of AODV, OLSR Routing Protocol in VOIP Over Ad Hoc Dr. Khalid Hamid Bilal Khartoum, Sudan dr.khalidbilal@hotmail.com
More informationPerformance of networks containing both MaxNet and SumNet links
Performance of networks containing both MaxNet and SumNet links Lachlan L. H. Andrew and Bartek P. Wydrowski Abstract Both MaxNet and SumNet are distributed congestion control architectures suitable for
More informationCHAPTER 6. VOICE COMMUNICATION OVER HYBRID MANETs
CHAPTER 6 VOICE COMMUNICATION OVER HYBRID MANETs Multimedia real-time session services such as voice and videoconferencing with Quality of Service support is challenging task on Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANETs).
More informationInter-domain Routing
Inter-domain Routing The structure of Internet Qinsi Wang Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon September 15, 2010 Outline Lecture 4: Interdomain Routing; L. Gao, On inferring autonomous system
More informationA Novel Routing and Data Transmission Method for Stub Network of Internet of Things based on Percolation
IEEE INFOCO 2011 Workshop on 2CN-2011 A Novel Routing and Data Transmission ethod for Stub Network of Internet of Things based on Percolation Xiangming Li, Jihua Lu, Jie Yang, and Jianping An School of
More informationbcp for a large scale carrier level VoIP system
bcp for a large scale carrier level VoIP system using p2psip draft zhang p2psip bcp 04 Yunfei.Zhang Gang.Li Jin.Peng Baohong.He Shihui.Duan Wei.Zhu {zhangyunfei,ligangyf,pengjin}@chinamobile.com {hebaohong,duanshihui,zhuwei}@catr.cn
More informationDatagram-based network layer: forwarding; routing. Additional function of VCbased network layer: call setup.
CEN 007C Computer Networks Fundamentals Instructor: Prof. A. Helmy Homework : Network Layer Assigned: Nov. 28 th, 2011. Due Date: Dec 8 th, 2011 (to the TA) 1. ( points) What are the 2 most important network-layer
More informationPerformance Analysis of QoS Multicast Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using Directional Antennas
I.J.Computer Network and Information Security, 21, 2, 26-32 Published Online December 21 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) Performance Analysis of QoS Multicast Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using
More informationFactors to Consider When Designing a Network
Quality of Service Routing for Supporting Multimedia Applications Zheng Wang and Jon Crowcroft Department of Computer Science, University College London Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom ABSTRACT
More informationLIST OF FIGURES. Figure No. Caption Page No.
LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Caption Page No. Figure 1.1 A Cellular Network.. 2 Figure 1.2 A Mobile Ad hoc Network... 2 Figure 1.3 Classifications of Threats. 10 Figure 1.4 Classification of Different QoS
More informationImplementing VPN over MPLS
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 10, Issue 3, Ver. I (May - Jun.2015), PP 48-53 www.iosrjournals.org Implementing VPN over
More informationInternetworking and Internet-1. Global Addresses
Internetworking and Internet Global Addresses IP servcie model has two parts Datagram (connectionless) packet delivery model Global addressing scheme awaytoidentifyall H in the internetwork Properties
More informationInfluence of Load Balancing on Quality of Real Time Data Transmission*
SERBIAN JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Vol. 6, No. 3, December 2009, 515-524 UDK: 004.738.2 Influence of Load Balancing on Quality of Real Time Data Transmission* Nataša Maksić 1,a, Petar Knežević 2,
More informationA Fast Path Recovery Mechanism for MPLS Networks
A Fast Path Recovery Mechanism for MPLS Networks Jenhui Chen, Chung-Ching Chiou, and Shih-Lin Wu Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
More informationA REPORT ON ANALYSIS OF OSPF ROUTING PROTOCOL NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
A REPORT ON ANALYSIS OF OSPF ROUTING PROTOCOL Using OPNET 14.5 Modeler NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY SUBMITTED BY: SHOBHANK SHARMA ssharma5@ncsu.edu Page 1 ANALYSIS OF OSPF ROUTING PROTOCOL A. Introduction
More informationSBSCET, Firozpur (Punjab), India
Volume 3, Issue 9, September 2013 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsse.com Layer Based
More informationSecurity Considerations for Intrinsic Monitoring within IPv6 Networks: Work in Progress
Security Considerations for Intrinsic Monitoring within IPv6 Networks: Work in Progress Alan Davy and Lei Shi Telecommunication Software&Systems Group, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland adavy,lshi@tssg.org
More informationA Network Recovery Scheme for Node or Link Failures using Multiple Routing Configurations
A Network Recovery Scheme for Node or Link Failures using Multiple Routing Configurations Suresh Babu Panatula Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sai Aditya Institute of Science and Technology,
More informationInternational Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational and Applied Sciences (IJETCAS) www.iasir.net
International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research (IASIR) (An Association Unifying the Sciences, Engineering, and Applied Research) International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational
More informationENHANCED PROVISIONING ALGORITHM FOR VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK IN HOSE MODEL WITH QUALITY OF SERVICE SUPPORT USING WAXMAN MODEL
R. RAVI: ENHANCED PROVISIONING ALGORITHM FOR VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK IN HOSE MODEL WITH QUALITY OF SERVICE SUPPORT USING WAXMAN MODEL ENHANCED PROVISIONING ALGORITHM FOR VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK IN HOSE
More informationLesson 5-3: Border Gateway Protocol
Unit 5: Intradomain and Interdomain Protocols Lesson 5-3: Gateway Protocol At a Glance The Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an interdomain routing protocol used in TCP/IP internetworks. BGP was created to allow
More informationAn Overview of Solutions to Avoid Persistent BGP Divergence
An Overview of Solutions to Avoid Persistent BGP Divergence Ravi Musunuri Jorge A. Cobb Department of Computer Science The University of Texas at Dallas Email: musunuri, cobb @utdallas.edu Abstract The
More informationAn Active Network Based Hierarchical Mobile Internet Protocol Version 6 Framework
An Active Network Based Hierarchical Mobile Internet Protocol Version 6 Framework Zutao Zhu Zhenjun Li YunYong Duan Department of Business Support Department of Computer Science Department of Business
More informationTwo Dimensional Array Based Overlay Network for Balancing Load of Peer-to-Peer Live Video Streaming
Two Dimensional Array Based Overlay Network for Balancing Load of Peer-to-Peer Live Video Streaming Abdullah Faruq Ibn Ibrahimy, Islam Md. Rafiqul, Farhat Anwar and Muhammad Ibn Ibrahimy Department of
More informationQUALITY OF SERVICE METRICS FOR DATA TRANSMISSION IN MESH TOPOLOGIES
QUALITY OF SERVICE METRICS FOR DATA TRANSMISSION IN MESH TOPOLOGIES SWATHI NANDURI * ZAHOOR-UL-HUQ * Master of Technology, Associate Professor, G. Pulla Reddy Engineering College, G. Pulla Reddy Engineering
More informationRoute Discovery Protocols
Route Discovery Protocols Columbus, OH 43210 Jain@cse.ohio-State.Edu http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~jain/ 1 Overview Building Routing Tables Routing Information Protocol Version 1 (RIP V1) RIP V2 OSPF
More informationNetwork traffic engineering
Toolbox, hybrid IP/MPLS optimisation method and fairness Research Unit in Networking EECS Department University of Liège 13 September 005 Outline 1 3 4 5 Outline MPLS principles 1 MPLS principles 3 4 5
More informationInternet Firewall CSIS 4222. Packet Filtering. Internet Firewall. Examples. Spring 2011 CSIS 4222. net15 1. Routers can implement packet filtering
Internet Firewall CSIS 4222 A combination of hardware and software that isolates an organization s internal network from the Internet at large Ch 27: Internet Routing Ch 30: Packet filtering & firewalls
More informationPath Selection Methods for Localized Quality of Service Routing
Path Selection Methods for Localized Quality of Service Routing Xin Yuan and Arif Saifee Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL Abstract Localized Quality of Service
More informationIntelligent Agents for Routing on Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Intelligent Agents for Routing on Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks Y. Zhou Dalhousie University yzhou@cs.dal.ca A. N. Zincir-Heywood Dalhousie University zincir@cs.dal.ca Abstract This paper introduces a new agent-based
More informationDistributed Out-bound Load Balancing in Inter-AS Routing by Random Matchings
Distributed Out-bound Load Balancing in Inter-AS Routing by Random Matchings Ravi Musunuri Jorge A. Cobb Department of Computer Science The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson, TX-75083-0688 Email:
More informationA Case Study Design of Border Gateway Routing Protocol Using Simulation Technologies
A Case Study Design of Border Gateway Routing Protocol Using Simulation Technologies Chengcheng Li School of Information Technology University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH 45221 Chengcheng.li@uc.edu ABSTRACT
More informationInterdomain Routing. Project Report
Interdomain Routing Project Report Network Infrastructure improvement proposal To Company A Team 4: Zhang Li Bin Yang Md. Safiqul Islam Saurabh Arora Network Infrastructure Improvement Interdomain routing
More informationEQ-BGP: an efficient inter-domain QoS routing protocol
EQ-BGP: an efficient inter-domain QoS routing protocol Andrzej Beben Institute of Telecommunications Warsaw University of Technology Nowowiejska 15/19, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland abeben@tele.pw.edu.pl Abstract
More informationLocation Information Services in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Location Information Services in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Tracy Camp, Jeff Boleng, Lucas Wilcox Department of Math. and Computer Sciences Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado 841 Abstract In recent
More informationAnalysis of QoS Routing Approach and the starvation`s evaluation in LAN
www.ijcsi.org 360 Analysis of QoS Routing Approach and the starvation`s evaluation in LAN 1 st Ariana Bejleri Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Information Technology, Computer Engineering Department,
More informationA Graph-Center-Based Scheme for Energy-Efficient Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks
A Graph-Center-Based Scheme for Energy-Efficient Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks Dajin Wang Department of Computer Science Montclair State University, Upper Montclair, NJ 07043, USA wang@pegasus.montclair.edu
More informationBorder Gateway Protocols
Paper 106, ENG 104 Border Gateway Protocols Sadeta Krijestorac, Marc Beck, Jonathan Bagby Morehead State University University of Louisville Florida Atlanic University s.krijestor@moreheadstate.edu marcbeck1982@yahoo.com
More informationAn Architecture for the Self-management of Lambda-Connections in Hybrid Networks
An Architecture for the Self-management of Lambda-Connections in Hybrid Networks Tiago Fioreze, Remco van de Meent, and Aiko Pras University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands {t.fioreze, r.vandemeent,
More informationCan Forwarding Loops Appear when Activating ibgp Multipath Load Sharing?
Can Forwarding Loops Appear when Activating ibgp Multipath Load Sharing? Simon Balon and Guy Leduc Research Unit in Networking EECS Department- University of Liège (ULg) Institut Montefiore, B28 - B-4000
More informationEFFICIENT DETECTION IN DDOS ATTACK FOR TOPOLOGY GRAPH DEPENDENT PERFORMANCE IN PPM LARGE SCALE IPTRACEBACK
EFFICIENT DETECTION IN DDOS ATTACK FOR TOPOLOGY GRAPH DEPENDENT PERFORMANCE IN PPM LARGE SCALE IPTRACEBACK S.Abarna 1, R.Padmapriya 2 1 Mphil Scholar, 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science,
More informationModule 7. Routing and Congestion Control. Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur
Module 7 Routing and Congestion Control Lesson 4 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Specific Instructional Objectives On completion of this lesson, the students will be able to: Explain the operation of the
More informationAn Efficient Hybrid Data Gathering Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks
An Efficient Hybrid Data Gathering Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks Ayon Chakraborty 1, Swarup Kumar Mitra 2, and M.K. Naskar 3 1 Department of CSE, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India 2 Department of
More informationMultiple Layer Traffic Engineering in NTT Network Service
Multi-layer traffic engineering in photonic-gmpls-router networks Naoaki Yamanaka, Masaru Katayama, Kohei Shiomoto, Eiji Oki and Nobuaki Matsuura * NTT Network Innovation Laboratories * NTT Network Service
More informationLOAD BALANCING AND EFFICIENT CLUSTERING FOR IMPROVING NETWORK PERFORMANCE IN AD-HOC NETWORKS
LOAD BALANCING AND EFFICIENT CLUSTERING FOR IMPROVING NETWORK PERFORMANCE IN AD-HOC NETWORKS Saranya.S 1, Menakambal.S 2 1 M.E., Embedded System Technologies, Nandha Engineering College (Autonomous), (India)
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2014, 6(3):723-728. Research Article
Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2014, 6(3):723-728 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Research on heterogeneous network architecture between
More informationHTS: A Hierarchical Method for Load Balancing in Autonomous Networks
74 HTS: A Hierarchical Method for Load Balancing in Autonomous Networks MohammadReza HeidariNezhad, Zuriati Ahmad Zukarnain, Nur Izura Udzir and Mohamed Othman Faculty of Computer Science & Information
More informationMulti Protocol Label Switching with Quality of Service in High Speed Computer Network
Multi Protocol Label Switching with Quality of Service in High Speed Computer Network Jitendra Joshi, Sonali Gupta, Priti Gupta, Nisha Singh, Manjari Kumari Department of Computer Science and Engineering
More informationAutonomous Fast Rerouting for Software Defined Network
Autonomous ast Rerouting for Software Defined Network 2012.10.29 NTT Network Service System Laboratories, NTT Corporation Shohei Kamamura, Akeo Masuda, Koji Sasayama Page 1 Outline 1. Background and Motivation
More informationDisjoint Path Algorithm for Load Balancing in MPLS network
International Journal of Innovation and Scientific Research ISSN 2351-8014 Vol. 13 No. 1 Jan. 2015, pp. 193-199 2015 Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals http://www.ijisr.issr-journals.org/
More informationFast and Secure Data Transmission by Using Hybrid Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 15 (9): 1290-1294, 2013 ISSN 1990-9233 IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.15.9.11514 Fast and Secure Data Transmission by Using Hybrid Protocols
More informationGuaranteed QoS Routing Scheme in MPLS -Wireless Access Networks
JKAU: Comp. IT, Vol. 2, pp: 45-56 (2013 A.D./ 1435 A.H.) DOI: 10.4197 / Comp. 2-3 Guaranteed QoS Routing Scheme in MPLS -Wireless Access Networks Jeddah University, Alkamil Branch, Alkamil, Saudi Arabia
More informationA Well-organized Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm for MANET
A Well-organized Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm for MANET S.Suganya Sr.Lecturer, Dept. of Computer Applications, TamilNadu College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India Dr.S.Palaniammal Prof.& Head,
More informationOutline. EE 122: Interdomain Routing Protocol (BGP) BGP Routing. Internet is more complicated... Ion Stoica TAs: Junda Liu, DK Moon, David Zats
Outline EE 22: Interdomain Routing Protocol (BGP) Ion Stoica TAs: Junda Liu, DK Moon, David Zats http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee22/fa9 (Materials with thanks to Vern Paxson, Jennifer Rexford, and colleagues
More informationTraffic Engineering in SDN/OSPF Hybrid Network
2014 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Network Protocols Traffic Engineering in SDN/OSPF Hybrid Network Yingya Guo, Zhiliang Wang, Xia Yin, Xingang Shi,and Jianping Wu Department of Computer Science
More informationExtending the Internet of Things to IPv6 with Software Defined Networking
Extending the Internet of Things to IPv6 with Software Defined Networking Abstract [WHITE PAPER] Pedro Martinez-Julia, Antonio F. Skarmeta {pedromj,skarmeta}@um.es The flexibility and general programmability
More informationAN OVERVIEW OF QUALITY OF SERVICE COMPUTER NETWORK
Abstract AN OVERVIEW OF QUALITY OF SERVICE COMPUTER NETWORK Mrs. Amandeep Kaur, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Application, Apeejay Institute of Management, Ramamandi, Jalandhar-144001, Punjab,
More informationQoSIP: A QoS Aware IP Routing Protocol for Multimedia Data
QoSIP: A QoS Aware IP Routing Protocol for Multimedia Data Md. Golam Shagadul Amin Talukder and Al-Mukaddim Khan Pathan* Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Metropolitan University, Sylhet,
More informationTRILL for Data Center Networks
24.05.13 TRILL for Data Center Networks www.huawei.com enterprise.huawei.com Davis Wu Deputy Director of Switzerland Enterprise Group E-mail: wuhuajun@huawei.com Tel: 0041-798658759 Agenda 1 TRILL Overview
More informationHow To Understand The Power Of Icdn
MobiArch 2014 R-iCDN: an Approach Supporting Flexible Content Routing for ISP-operated CDN Song Ci High Performance Network Lab, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Outline I. Background
More informationMultihoming and Multi-path Routing. CS 7260 Nick Feamster January 29. 2007
Multihoming and Multi-path Routing CS 7260 Nick Feamster January 29. 2007 Today s Topic IP-Based Multihoming What is it? What problem is it solving? (Why multihome?) How is it implemented today (in IP)?
More informationRouting in Small Networks. Internet Routing Overview. Agenda. Routing in Large Networks
Routing in Small Networks Internet Routing Overview AS, IGP,, BGP in small networks distance vector or link state protocols like RIP or OSPF can be used for dynamic routing it is possible that every router
More informationTraffic Engineering approaches using Multicriteria Optimization Techniques
Traffic Engineering approaches using Multicriteria Optimization Techniques Pedro Sousa, Paulo Cortez 3, Miguel Rio 2, Miguel Rocha Dept. of Informatics, University of Minho, Portugal, {pns,mrocha}@di.uminho.pt
More informationAnalysis of Effect of Handoff on Audio Streaming in VOIP Networks
Beyond Limits... Volume: 2 Issue: 1 International Journal Of Advance Innovations, Thoughts & Ideas Analysis of Effect of Handoff on Audio Streaming in VOIP Networks Shivani Koul* shivanikoul2@gmail.com
More informationMPLS - A Choice of Signaling Protocol
www.ijcsi.org 289 MPLS - A Choice of Signaling Protocol Muhammad Asif 1, Zahid Farid 2, Muhammad Lal 3, Junaid Qayyum 4 1 Department of Information Technology and Media (ITM), Mid Sweden University Sundsvall
More informationA NETWORK CONSTRUCTION METHOD FOR A SCALABLE P2P VIDEO CONFERENCING SYSTEM
A NETWORK CONSTRUCTION METHOD FOR A SCALABLE P2P VIDEO CONFERENCING SYSTEM Hideto Horiuchi, Naoki Wakamiya and Masayuki Murata Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University 1
More informationMAXIMIZING RESTORABLE THROUGHPUT IN MPLS NETWORKS
MAXIMIZING RESTORABLE THROUGHPUT IN MPLS NETWORKS 1 M.LAKSHMI, 2 N.LAKSHMI 1 Assitant Professor, Dept.of.Computer science, MCC college.pattukottai. 2 Research Scholar, Dept.of.Computer science, MCC college.pattukottai.
More informationA Localized Adaptive Proportioning Approach to QoS Routing
QOS ROUTING A Localized Adaptive Proportioning Approach to QoS Routing Srihari Nelakuditi and Zhi-Li Zhang, University of Minnesota Here we assume source routing with bandwidth guarantees. ABSTRACT In
More informationMPLS Architecture for evaluating end-to-end delivery
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 2, Issue 11, November 2012 1 MPLS Architecture for evaluating end-to-end delivery Nikita Wadhera Lovely Professional University Abstract-
More informationLoad Balancing and Resource Reservation in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks 1
Load Balancing and Resource Reservation in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks 1 Gautam Chakrabarti Sandeep Kulkarni Department of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University Abstract To ensure uninterrupted
More informationOSPF Version 2 (RFC 2328) Describes Autonomous Systems (AS) topology. Propagated by flooding: Link State Advertisements (LSAs).
OSPF Version 2 (RFC 2328) Interior gateway protocol (IGP). Routers maintain link-state database. Describes Autonomous Systems (AS) topology. Propagated by flooding: Link State Advertisements (LSAs). Router
More informationCommunications and Computer Networks
SFWR 4C03: Computer Networks and Computer Security January 5-8 2004 Lecturer: Kartik Krishnan Lectures 1-3 Communications and Computer Networks The fundamental purpose of a communication system is the
More informationLoad Balanced Optical-Network-Unit (ONU) Placement Algorithm in Wireless-Optical Broadband Access Networks
Load Balanced Optical-Network-Unit (ONU Placement Algorithm in Wireless-Optical Broadband Access Networks Bing Li, Yejun Liu, and Lei Guo Abstract With the broadband services increasing, such as video
More informationInternet Packets. Forwarding Datagrams
Internet Packets Packets at the network layer level are called datagrams They are encapsulated in frames for delivery across physical networks Frames are packets at the data link layer Datagrams are formed
More information