It also covers removing one bat or a whole roost from a house. How to safely handle and who to give an injured or orphaned bat to.

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2 Finally a book that people can learn about the local bats how to see them, know what species they have around them. What is needed to attract us to their bat house. It also covers removing one bat or a whole roost from a house. How to safely handle and who to give an injured or orphaned bat to.

3 Oklahoma s 22 Pallid Bat Endangered Indiana Bat Cave Myotis Species of Bats Yuma Myotis Evening Bat Seminole Bat Rafinesque Big Eared Bat Endangered Townsendii Ozark Big Eared Bat Big Brown (Most common Tulsa Rehab) Visit Alabaster caverns state park Background pic Home of 1 million bats Bats of Oklahoma Bruce Taylor Oklahoma s State Bat Mexican Free-tailed- Tadarida brasiliensis I find poisonous spiders like this brown recluse spicy where this cockroach is crunchy on the outside and creamy in the middle how about you? Southeastern Myotis Western Smallfooted Myotis Endangered Gray Myotis Silvered Haired Bat Keen s Myotis Eastern Red Bat (Most common Oklahoma Rehab) Eastern Smallfooted Myotis Fewerr.org The Foundation for Environmental & Wildlife- Education, Research & Rehab fewerr@tulsacoxmail.com Hoary Bat Big Free-tailed Bat Canyon Bat was Western Pepistrelle Photos from BCI Tri-colored Bat Mexican Bat Conservation International was Eastern Little Brown Bat (Brazilian) Pepistrelle Free-tailed Bat

4 Table of Contents Cover picture Alabaster Caverns Inside cover - table of contents 1 st page Fewerr and it s divisions I. Taxonomy The Bats Family Tree 7 1. Kingdom, phylum, class, order Superfamily, Family, Subfamily Table All Bats at a Glance Genus, Subgenus Species, Subspecies II. General Information FAQ s History Myths & Fables A yrs of Vampires, Dracula Fat & Fiction. 20 B. Native American 22 C. Mayan. 22 D. Chinese 23 E. Insignias & Logos 24 F. Bat bomb WWII secret weapon Domestic Wildllife, Exotic Pets, Rehabbers, Educational Animals III. Classifications Habitat - Crevice Dwellers, Foresters Food Insect, Nectar fruit eaters Hibernator, Migrator 35 IV. Zoonoses diseases passed forom insect animal to human Disease Bats Carry Comparison of Mosquito versus Bat Diseases Rabies ComparisonOklahoma and U.S Pollinators in Crises: 39 A. Bees: Colony Collapse Disorder 39 B. Bats: White Nose Syndrome 40 V. Summary Tables Bats At a Glance Ecology Measurement Anthropods Bugs that Bats Eat Plants that Bats Pollinate 45 VI. Bat Habitats Ecology Habitat Bat Houses Removing single bat from house Exclusion: removing a roost 52 VII. Identifying Bats Worksheet Detectors Sonograms 56 VIII. Wildlife Rehabilitators The Care of Injured or orphaned bats 57 IX. Places To See Bats Alabaster Caverns Selman Bat Cave Your own backyard 63 X. Profile of Families & Genus Profile Family Molossidae Genus Molossinea Profile Family Vespertillionidea SubFamily Vespertillionea Subfamily Antrozoinae Genus Antrozous Subfamily Myotinae, Genus Myotis Subfamily Vespertilioninae, Genus Lasiurus Subfamily Vespertilioninae, Genus Eptesicus Subfamily Vespertilioninae, Genus Nycticelius Subfamily Vespertilioninae, Genus Pipistrelius Subfamily Vespertilioninae, Genus Corynorhinus 79 XI. Profile of Individual Species 1. Molossidae-Nyctinomops macrotis-big Freetailed Bat Molossidae Tadarida Brasiliensis Mexican (Brazilian) Free-tailed Bat Myotis austroriparius South East Myotis Myotis Ciliolabrum W Small-footed myotis Myotis Grisescens Gray Myotis Myotis kii Keeb s Myotis Myotis Leibii E. Small-footed Myotis Myotis Lucifigus Little Brown Myotis Myotis Sodalis Indiana Bat Myotis Velifer Cave Myotis Myotis Yumanensis Yuma Myotis Vespertillionidae Antrozous Palllidus Pallid Vespertillionidae Corynorhinus fafinesquii- Rafinesque ;s big-eared bat Vespertillionidae - Corynorhinu.s townsendii Ozark big-eared bat Vespertillionidae Eptesicus fuscus Big Brown Bat Vespertillionidae Lasionycteris Noctivagans Silver haired Bat Vespertillionidae Lasiurus borealis - Eastern Red Bat Vespertillionidae - Lasiurus cinereus Hoary Bat Vespertillionidae - Lasiurus seminolus Seminole bat Vespertillionidae Nycticelus Humeralis Evening Bat Vespertillionidae Perimyotis subflavus E pepistrille - tricolored bat Vespertillionidae Pipistrellus Hesperus (was Wester Pipistrelle) Canyon Bat List Tables 207 References 208 Index 211 Resources 217 Your Sponsor FEWERR 221 Back inside cover About the Author 226 Back Cover Summary

5 BATS OF OKLAHOMA Guide to Bat Conservation Bruce Taylor 2011 Bat Rescue ESSACS- Taylor Energy Search Companies -Wildlife rescue Bat Exclusions Bat houses Bat Education -Environmental Engineering -Petroleum Engineering & IT Consulting -Contract Employment FEWERR 2011 Foundation for Environmental & Willdife Education, Research & Rehab S 69 E Place Tulsa, Ok If you can t use any of our services please Donate to help in the conservation of Bats and other wildlife

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9 About the Author (inside back cover) This section normally is to qualify myself for writing this book. If you want a book written by someone with 20 years of academia with a PHD in BAT don t buy this book. I wrote this book for the bats and to educate the public so they can better understand and conserve the bats we have. This book is a collection of work I ve created or compiled to help me understand them better. And when I looked for a book on Oklahoma bats to resell to the public for a local nature conference I found there wasn t one. I created this one to fill this need so Oklahomans can learn about their bats. My background has nothing to do with bats or biology in general I started out as an auto mechanic, licensed aircraft mechanic pilot, studied aeronautical engineering worked for Rockwell on the space shuttle, B1 bomber 747 after 3 lay-offs in 2 years got scholarship for petroleum engineering to present, I m an Engineer Petroleum & Environmental and IT professional in systems design, business applications programmer, & manufacturing of high-end computers, 1984 established Taylor Energy (international consulting Middle East & Africa to 1990, U.S to current), 1992 created ESSACS Environmental Safety Systems & Compliance Services (government compliance work for companies), 1992 Search Companies (Apartment/House Search - real estate rental and property management, Personnel Search - local contractors), 2004 FEWERR Foundation for Environmental & Wildlife - Education, Research & Rehab to consolidate the above companies into one organization plus wildlife conservation department with Bat Rescue (2006), & Wild Bat Studios.

10 "If you talk to the Animals, they will talk with you. And you will know each other. If you do not talk to them, you will not know them. And what you do not know you will fear, What one fears One destroys." Chief Dan George-Tsleil-Waututh Nation Summary (back cover) BATS If you re an average person with a general knowledge of bats then they probably frighten you. Will Rogers said All I know is what I ve read in the newspapers and you ve seen the movies, The newspaper about rabies outbreaks and it s always a bat. Hollywood has 100 s of movies on the evils of bats attacking people. Since true vampires from central & south America are the size of a mouse they use giant fruit eating bats from Africa and the Far East that could care less for humans except that humans keep killing them so they have every right to be mad at us. But unless you pick one up with your bare hand you probably will never be bitten by one and they won t attack you unless your covered with bugs since that is the only thing insect eating bats like the ones we have in the US are interested in. Compared to other animals bats are actually very easy to catch just using a box and a piece of cardboard it s very easy to capture one in your house and carry it outside. Most animals like a rat or mouse would be impossible to catch in this way. In rehab they generally make very little fuss in beng picked up a held to be fed or inspected for injuries. Where other animals we would wear heavy gloves to prevent bites bats we usually use latex gloves because they are delicate and easy to injure and it s easier to manipulate the bat. Of course everyone has their pre-rabies shots for protection of the 1 in 1000 or about ½ or 1 percent that could have rabies. Much smaller number than that 90% that scarry movies like to make you think is out there. IF you consider a single insect eating bats can eat 1 ot 2 million mosquito size bugs a year. And you look at the disease mosquitos have and infect humans you would make a bat your best friend. Rabies kills about 1 person every 3-5 years in the U.S. because the person did not get his shots in time, It is the only disease you really have to worry about with bats. In the US. Mosquitoes have over 20 diseases that you can get and kill 200 million people worldwide mostly malaria, In the US they carry Westnile that infects over 3000 people a year and of that about 300 die.