Design Patterns: From Analysis to Implementation by

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1 Dg x Dg : m A Imm Th x fm h mu f Dg Ex: A Nw v f Oj-O Dg N f h Gg f u g u u f hm v h u. uhm, w u v h f f h G : Th D x f Suu h G. S h h f ju mg fu, I v h m hv u. I u m, h Bg h Suu Bhv. A uu, w h u f w ff, gv, mm h m w. A hv, h f h h v f mm. W hv f v Bhv Dug ( w f f u). Th u h m u ug h u mgg w hv. Th wk g. U w u hugh u -z. Yu u h g mg f@jv.m ug u h uj. C: A * Bu h* Oj * Sg* A* Bg* Cm* ç* x Vu* D* x g fu* S* Sg* Tm h* V Ch f R* I* * m Ov* x * -Vw-C * Ag wh h A x, h mm m f fw v N Ojv 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 1

2 Dg x A N h CREATIONAL ATTERNS I : Dff x h qu ff mm f f u. I g: mh uu x h u -f m. Th m f h g u mm ff f j. I g u wh hu : A v u v m whh j. Rh vv: Th A j f g h fm f j h h j. Th j h h f ug h j. mf: Eu u. B u I : Sv ff k f mx j u wh h m v u, u wh h v h vu u. I g: Yu w h h mm f g mx j, u w g gh f h u f g mx j. O j h I : Th ff mm wh mm wh h h. I g: A v f h, u kw whh. mh w v mk h. : Th mh f u wh fmwk. I u wh h ff mm f hh qu f mm f h hh. N h f mh m mh h v f. Th f vv h wh h f v mh. h v ufu wh u g wh k Oj. mf: Eu h h w hh. I : Th u u hw mg f j. Th h um, h f, hg, g m. I g: Th u u g mgg u j. : Th j g w f h mgm f h f f u j. U m v mm u, u u h j. O u hv h m wkg u u h u f j mgm, mm h u h u mh. S g I : Th f hg. I g: Wh j g k k f u j. Aw f m fg wh u j k k. I : Th x f mhg h m m h u v ff hg. I g: Sv ff j f h m hg w w mk u w hv m h f hm. Yu w hv f j u h hgh j g h f h j qu. : Yu g muh h m fu Sg wh mh, hwv ug mh m h f hg fuu hg hugh mhm, v h j fm g f, z, m, g, v f. A, k m h fu Sg g, hu ug fm f u m h, h hu u wh. S Sg hv h m N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 2

3 Dg x CREATIONAL ATTERNS Hw mm + wh u C Dgm/Imm Df h f whh j m. Th mm f h fm. T f u mh h m hg. Nm f h k h wh m g u h j. Eu: Th u u wh u fm f j h, whh g gh. f + Ww() + SB() Wg + Ww() + SB() + Ww() + SB() C Ww SB Ww SB fww fsb A C f j h v mh. Eh mh fm h ug. Wh h j hugh, mh g h u j u. Dv fm h u j z. Eu: Ru f ug mx j. Hv mh h h (u vu). Th w f h mh wh j. N, hwv, h kw whh. Th wh v fm h mu mm h mh wh h w mm h j. Eu: Hw w h hh h h. D + u() u->us1() u->us2() goj() Dum D CBu1 + us1() + us2() + goj() A + Dum() Bu + us1() + us2() + goj() CBu2 + us1() + us2() + goj() mu A + Dum() u w D N: h xm Dum f mh. A f j. B u h C ( Ru ) h u f h u f g mgg h j. Th h (u Sg f h). Wh w j, h Ru k v. I wh h j g u h h. Eu: Th u f g mgg f j. C 1 U * Ru + 0..* 0..* 1 Ru -Ru() +gi() +quru() : Ru +Ru( : Ru) +xsz( mxsz : ) 1 +mg O j S u f h g. Eh w u f h vu ( u m). Wh w j, f h j. Eu: Th fu g f j wh. A mm h h f h f f h j ( u). Th, mh h h f h mm u ( h mm vu) h u h vu f h mm., h u v h h mhm. Eu: Th h f h j w. C u + () C1 + () SEUDO CODE (Jv) u f f C2 + () u f f Sg { u Sg I(); Sg(); v _= u; Sg I () { f _== u) _= w Sg; u _ } } S g 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 3

4 Dg x A N h STRUCTURAL ATTERNS I : Nm w u f h, uu hk u. Hwv, f u kw m xg gg u m, k h w uk h xg w hv h f. I g: Smhg h h gh uff u h wg f. T u wh u hv mk mhg h vv f w fg hv. : Th w u f u wh h f f u -xg j k k u hg hm. A, mm hugh g (u-m) hugh mu h (C++). W h v Oj A, C A, v. Iu: k f wk f u, g u. If u hv wh u w u hg. B g C m ç I : Th f j ug h f j. Th mm f h f. Th f u h vg w. I g: Th f v h u mm f j g mm. I g u wh hu : Th hh h h u. Th u h w h j u h f j. A, f w h hh h g u, h w u mu g. Rh vv: Th ug (h G A ) u h u (h G Imm ) ff w u w kw whh mm. Th g h wh (h ) h hw (h mm). : Ahugh h mm u v fm, mm u f h f f h ug j. Th m w uu h mm u m, h g h u hvg h u whh mm hu u. I : Th g hg gu f hg h u w h m w. Th gu f hg m u f h gu f g hg (.., h hh ). I g: Sm j m f f h j, w w h f h j h m w. I g u wh hu : Th guhg w whh g j f j. V u: Whh m g whh m f v u-m. : Whh x f h wu w h vg h m h mu. Th m wu h uu, hu h vg wu u, u f h m m f w h. Of, ug D Oj m h f v h I : A mx m w u whh w k uz fu x. I g: Rf xg m m m w. Th, u m f m v v g. I g u wh hu : m hv w m hugh h ug m f. : N uu u f ug v, u ff f v fm h m u ff u-m. Th ug fç. Th ug f hv m v -ff, ug u f m/m fu v f. E f : D f mx mk m. x V u I g: fm u ( mm) f u f h f hvg j u f h u u. I g u wh hu : Oj g f h u u h x f h ug fm m. V u: Ahugh h x w fu w f g h x j, h fu hg () h fuu whu ffg h j h u h x. : Th f m u v u fm u h f m wkg N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 4

5 Dg x STRUCTURAL ATTERNS Hw mm + wh u C Dgm C h xg h. Hv h g mh h qu f h mh Eu h h h h wg f. C TgA + () A + () : xg->o ExgC + O() A Eu h mm h h f h g mm. I Jv u f f f h mm. Eu / v f fu. C1 () { m.im1() } A + () C2 () { m.im2() } Imm + Im1() + Im2() ImA + Im1() + Im2() ImB + Im1() + Im2() B g S u h m h hh. Df v h h vu m. A, f h h h m m (.., h m h mu m). I h, f mh h h j w u., mm h f h f h v. Eu h uu f mx. C Lf + () Cm + () Cm + () C m Df w ( ) h h h qu f. Hv h w u h xg m. Eu h u u f u-m. C v m f CmxSA CmxSB ç Th C f h x j f j fm h g. Th x j mm h fm qu h g u f. Wh h j fm h g u, h x j h mk h qu. Eu h fg f m (.g.,, mkg ) h u() mg. C A x + () VuSuj RSuj + () + () uj->() x - V u 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 5

6 Dg x x N w D S u N h BEHAVIORAL ATTERNS I : Th m h w, h h h m. I g: 1) Th f ; 2) Th m xg fu; 3) Yu w hg h h ug h fu. I g u wh hu : Th wh h m f m fu hu f m xg fu. : Th u xv h JDK.NET f I/O. N h -w (v u) uk-g ( w h h, h "u" k u). Th D hu hugh f f hv g h w CCm. Th fm f h hv k, u hv hv h m f h CCm h C uw h h CCm g. I g: W m u u f m j w hv. I g u wh hu : W fu wh h m v m u. O, w wh j mm m -g mm. V u: Ahugh h x w fu w f g h x j, h fu hg () h fuu whu ffg h j h u h x. : x ufu u fu h mm u g xg j. I g: W hv hv h hg, g u h w. I g u wh hu : Th k k f h m h m. Eh m v h, wh m whh xu ( h m h m ). Th u f g w h m mx. : W f u kg h fwg qu: 1. Wh u? 2. Wh h v w mu h? 3. Hw w h h w? T m S g V h I : Th ff mm f u u. I g: Yu hv wh u u ( ghm) hg. I g u wh hu : A wh h m whh u-u u. A hh wh h m ff w h v v mh. Rh vv: A j h u ff u u h u h m hg (Cx-Aghm h). A j h gv h j h u u (C-Cx h). V u: Th ff mm f h u u. : Th f h h h Cx kw whh u ug. Eh h C j gv h Cx h Sg j u, h Cx k f ( fgu) j f h Sg j u, h Cx u f wh h gh Sg j u m f h h. Ru m w h x h ghm mk Sg hgg m. I : Th ff u h fw h h m, x h h hg ff. I g: Yu hv f fw u vu m hv ff mm. I g u wh hu : Dff mm h m fw. V u: Dff m u. : Th m m ufu wh u u mm fw w w m. I g: Yu hv f f whh u w fu. Yu k fm h whu hvg hg. V u: A f k u g f v. : Th ufu f wg f h u u wh. Th f hg h uu g v mu V h m u wh h v hg. Ag V h fuu, h h h, qu N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 6

7 Dg x Hw mm S u h h h g h w fu. Hv h h j f h (, f v ). I u, fm h fu h h j mh. O, h j mh f, h u w fu. Eu h qu, v h x f hv. Th C f h x j f j fm h g. Th x j h RSuj wh. Rqu m h x, whh fu (), h qu () h RSuj h () m g. Eu h w fu qu h. Df h h f. Dv f h. Eh f h w f h h. S h h h xu h hmv. Ifm h hu h x. S k w hv h (hugh g u, f u). Eu h ( m) f m hw fm h. BEHAVIORAL ATTERNS C Dgm C CCm + () C CD1 + () C Cm + () D + () x 1 x + () 0..1 CD2 + () A + () m.() Bhv() D : :() RSuj + () uj->() Cx + qu(sg) ->v() S1 + v() S + v() S2 + v() D x N w S u Hv h h u h ghm h h mh fg hw h ghm. Eh v mm h ghm. Eu h h mu ghm. C Cx + qu(sg) SgA + ghm() Sg + ghm() SgB + ghm() S g C h mm u ug mh. Th mh mu mm v u fm h f h u. If h v, h m mm wh g. Eu h ff mm f h mh. C ATm + mh() + 1() + 2() CmC + 1() + 2() mh:... 1()... 2()... T m h k h h k fm. A mh h f h u wh (u g ). A mh h h u wkg h mh h k, gvg f f h mh. Eu fu hh. ATk + veta() + vetb() TkA + veta(a) + vetb(b) C TkB + veta(a) + vetb(b) : k->vta(h) EmTA + (k) Suu Em + (k) EmTB + (k) : k->vtb(h) V 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 7

8 Dg x N h DECOULING ATTERNS C h f R - I m O v I : W hv h v h m ff hg. I g: W hv v fu. Hwv, w w h j kw whh f h j w u. : Th u h fm gh. A v f Ch f R wh j fm fu u w h j. ufu wh h hv u u h f u f h j h h. I g: W hv f hg u wh h gh f u. Yu w h h uu f. Av, u hv v h w v. I g u wh hu : Chgg h ug uu f ( fm v m) w ff h w h v. V u: T f u. : Th I u f whh f uu u. I g: j mmu wh m h j h mmu h wh h v. I g u wh hu : Th m gh u u -j mmu qum. : Wh v j hgh u h w h, h f u u. ufu ug -g (GUI', f xm) fm hf, h mkg j m. I g: Th f j mm w g k (.g., u ). I g u wh hu : Th f j x h j. O, f j g m mm h j, h j muh fm h. Th m h j g h h mm. : Th ufu wh mkg f h j wh g mm wu ff. I' mm u "mu u v". Th u f h mk m u, v mm g g h. I g: Dff hg (j) h kw wh v h u. Th f j m v fm m m fm. I g u wh hu : Wh w j f f v ug h gmm h hg h j h h v. V u: Th f j h kw u v ug. : Th u xv h JC f v hg u wh h Ov Ov f. A h C# mu g mm f h Ov. E f : 1) h hgg f v, 2) v hv h m f, 3) h v g h v h vg x A - I g: A f h hg w wk wh m (.., h mh)? A xg j u j h mh w hv w u mkg h ( v kw u h m ). I g u wh hu : Th u f j h -u f h h j fu gh m h. V u: Ahugh h x w fu w f g h x j, h fu hg () h fuu whu ffg h j h u h x. : Th x ufu u wh m w h fuu. I h, h x j hg - h j u g u N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 8

9 Dg x Hw mm DECOULING ATTERNS C Dgm Df h h f fu. Th f m h j v fm h. Df mh h h w. Eh v mu mm h mh h fmg h qu ( w u w) hg ff h H f. N: m h h j v h. Yu mm fu mh h h wh u h h f h h. Eu h whh v v h f f whh v h k. Df f h. Hv h v u mh whh h. Th mu qu h qu fm fm h v. Eu h u f. C C + I() + () + mv() L H_A + hrqu() V H + hrqu() C H_B + hrqu() IV I + f() + x() + uim() IL C h f R - I Df h mg ug v h. Eu h w j. Cgu Cgu Cgu Cgu Df w h mm h f h j. Th Ck wh h, u h Og w u u hm wh. Eu h f j. Hv j (Ov) h w kw wh v h, h hmv h j (Suj) h u kg f u. Wh h v u, h uj h v h u. Th A mm mm h Ov f f h Ov j. Eu wh u v h j k f. Th x h w j (h x) f h, xg j (h R Suj). Th x u u qu f h uj. Th x j h uj j mu hv h m f h h C kw x g u. Rqu m h C h x hugh h R Suj wh h x g g mk h m. Eu hw j. Og + m(m : m) + m() Og mm k f fm u. Suj + h() + h() + f() f: f v: u() C h/h x OvA + u() x_rm + () Ck m + gs() Ov + u() OvB + u() U f v hv ff f A + () RSuj + () uj->() x A - m O v 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 9

10 Dg x ODEL VIEW CONTROLLER ANALYSIS ATRIX - Vw- Ov C uj + u() Ov - CD - SOfOv + h(ov) + h(ov) + f() + gd() h uj h xm g h Vw - m - mc + z() + mkc() + v() + () + u() v h COv C - m - mvw + z(, Vw) + hev() + u() Th -Vw-C (VC) m u wh ug GUI. Hwv, u m u hv v m. I u -u u, u f h h g f hg h v fm h h. Th A x U h A mx v w h ff u hv wh. D mk g fm wh u g. Hwv, h w h w gv u u. Rmm, w w mm h w Sg, x, D, Bg,. W w mm h um wh h A. hg h vg C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 Th h mm f h w whv vg h h f. h hg h v h hg h v Th h mm f h w whv vg h h f. Th h mm f h w whv vg h h f. hg h vg h hg h v h hg h v C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 Th mm u wh hv 1 Th mm u wh hv 2 Th mm u wh hv 3 Th mm u wh hv N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 10

11 Dg x THINGS TO LOOK OR I h v f u u mm? D w m fu? Gu fg h m m Sg Bg x D V w hv vg u? w hv v ug h v vg w? w m w fu mhg h x? w hv mu fu w m, u whh hw m w v? D w u f mu fu? w hv w k h w w u xg? A u wh f, hgg, mfg hg j h m w? A Cm ç w hv h gh uff u h wg f? (U f w) w hv u gu w hm h m w? w w mf, uf, OO-f xg -m? A w g u hg? Ov vu kw u v h hv u? Ch f R w hv ff j h h j u w w h j kw whh u gg? I w w h fm h h ug w hv w u hvg h gh mm? w hv f ug wh mu k wh? S w hv m wh f wh kg k f f h ff ffu? A w g mk hg? A Bu - h w fm ( ) f j? w u j wh v? w hv v fgu u wh? Rmm h h w mm/v, h u, f, mm v hw h mm j- gug. Cmm V Cu v Sf v Imm v C O A O kg wh h j mu (u v) w m hw hm (f v) C O Wh mmg h, u h h AI v uff fm mm ug 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 11

12 Dg x Cmg Cmg A, ç, x D C? whh? -Exg A ç x D Hv -xg uff? Y Y Y Y I h j xg u f? W mk w f mf hg? fg f wh h j x? W m w fu f f h m? Y N Y Y N Y N N Y N N N, u h, u h Y () Y (m) Cmg Sg Bg Sg Bg S C wh v? Y Y Y Num f u mh u? Num f ug h u. D mm u hg fm? Wh whh mm u? D u mm hv m x? Uu N Y C fg C, fg u Cx, S, T h N N Y Cmg Bg V Th Bg u hw hv ff mm f h m fu f gu f j (h v f h A ). Th V u hw w fu gu f j (h v f h Suu ) N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 12

13 Dg x Cmg D, x, Ch f R 2007 N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 13

14 Dg x Ex Ag Tg / Chg A f u ff wh kw hw h h. Th u v kwg f v: g, hg ff um. W v w v f v w h g. Qu Tg Dg Effv AS.NET U C L Sfw Dvm Sum Cf N Ojv T-Dv Dvm Exm gmmg, Effv gmmg, RU O-S Cu! Iu L / W- B Tg f Lgug "If I w k wh gg u g u, N Ojv wu h f m " - Jh T, f Tw hg f : h x B k I h fm g, h hg f h, x, qum w hg A Shw L Sfw Dvm Sum Cf N Ojv W ff g h L Sfw Dvm Sum. Ou L Sfw Dvm g Tm k wk. Ou Sum g u f g Sum. W v g hw u Chm (g h f h um) g j. Ag Dvm B I m m, Ag j h mkg u w g h gh hg, m fwg h h g u f. Th f h h gg g fk h j g. j ' h, h f fuh h h f v f u. Chg f m, u h m mm ( m) hg h m' qum. Th u z wh m g j, v um f h v / h g. Dff g (ug RU, X Sum) u. Ag U C A Th 3- u v h wg u, ug f hw u f fw vm, h u f h v ufg m f h u u qum m. Th u g A Cku' k "Wg Effv U C" - w f h J uv Aw f A f mm f Cku A, w f h fw m uhz h. Dg Ex: A Nw v Oj-O Dg Th u g m hg v g. I h h g h mk g g g. Th u u h v g hqu h m whh g v. Af hg v h uh hm, h u g fuh hwg hw wk gh u, fx, m g. T-Dv Dvm Th f Ag Sfw Dvm qu, mg h hg, hgh g f fx h g. A w g fk fm, kh, u, w w vv u g fu m h x. Th m m, wh fqu (m ) hg h w' wkg. Rfg, h f hgg whu hmg, hqu h. U g, whh u h gv hg h u uf ff h m, h. Effv Oj-O gmmg: E f Jv, C++, C# VB.NET Th u k gmm wh u h x f h gug u wh kg vg f j- vm mh h j- w. G m f! C k Shw h Av SE S. 115 Bvu, WA mk.hw@jv.m N Ojv, I. A Rgh Rv 14