Chapter 11: The Age of Reformation Section 2: Martin Luther and the German Reformation to By Dallin F. Hardy

Transcription

1 Chapter 11: The Age of Reformation Section 2: Martin Luther and the German Reformation to 1525 By Dallin F. Hardy

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4 Martin Luther 1517 Protested Sale of Indulgences Son of Miner

5 Lightning Storm 1505 Help! Saint Anna, I will become a monk! Martin Luther

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8 Luther s Monastic Life Ordained to the priesthood Taught theology

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13 Pilgrimage to Rome 1510

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16 Justification By Faith Alone

17 Personal War With Salvation Luther sought to become perfect Deep spiritual despair

18 "If anyone could have gained heaven as a monk, then I would indeed have been among them. Martin Luther

19 "I lost touch with Christ the Savior and Comforter, and made of him the jailor and hangman of my poor soul. Martin Luther

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23 Pilate's Staircase The just shall live by faith

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25 Justification by Faith Alone Sola fide Developed by Luther Salvation is gained by Believing and trusting in Jesus Christ

26 Medieval Church Salvation Joint venture

27 Faith and Works Luther taught Works Not necessary for salvation Expected of all Christians

28 The believer who is bound to Christ by faith already possesses God s perfect righteousness. It is this knowledge of faith that sets souls free to serve their neighbors selflessly. Martin Luther

29 Attacks on Indulgences

30 Indulgence Definition Remission of the temporal penalty imposed on penitents by priests as a work of satisfaction for their confessed mortal sins.

31 Treasury of Merit Pope Clement VI

32 Indulgence Preachers Sold indulgences

33 Pope Leo X 1517 Jubilee Indulgence To build St. Peter s Basilica

34 John Tetzel Indulgence Preacher Salesman

35 When a coin in the coffer rings, a soul to heaven springs. John Tetzel

36 Don t you hear the voices of your dead parents and other relatives crying out, Have mercy on us, for we suffer great punishment and pain. From this you could release us with a few alms. We have created you, fed you, cared for you, and left you our temporal goods. Why do you treat us so cruelly and leave us to suffer in the flames, when it takes only a little to save us? John Tetzel

37 Ninety-Five Theses October 31, 1517 By Martin Luther Started Protestant Reformation

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46 21. Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope's indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved;

47 24. It must needs be, therefore, that the greater part of the people are deceived by that indiscriminate and high-sounding promise of release from penalty.

48 33. Men must be on their guard against those who say that the pope's pardons are that inestimable gift of God by which man is reconciled to Him;

49 52. The assurance of salvation by letters of pardon is vain, even though the commissary, nay, even though the pope himself, were to stake his soul upon it.

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52 Election of Charles V

53 Spread of the Ninety-Five Theses Printed

54 Election of Charles V 1519 Holy Roman Emperor

55 Frederick The Wise Luther s Protector

56 Luther s Excommunication and the Diet of Worms

57 Leipzig Debate 1519 Martin Luther vs. John Eck

58 Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Urged German princes to Force reform of the Catholic Church

59 Babylonian Captivity of the Church Attacked Seven sacraments Exalted Scriptural authority Secular princes

60 Freedom of a Christian Summarized Salvation by faith alone

61 Exsurge Domine 1520 Luther Condemned for heresy

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65 Diet of Worms 1521 Martin Luther Ordered to recant

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69 "Unless I am convinced by scripture and plain reason - I do not accept the authority of the popes and councils, for they have contradicted each other - my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and I will not recant anything for to go against conscience is neither right nor safe. God help me. Amen." Martin Luther

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75 Edict of Worms Martin Luther Made an outlaw

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77 Wartburg Castle

78 German Translation of the New Testament By Martin Luther Wartburg Castle

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89 Ein' feste Burg ist unser Gott 1529

90 Ein' feste Burg ist unser Gott 1529

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93 Imperial Distractions: War with France and the Turks

94 Spain vs. France Four major wars

95 Diet of Speyer 1526 German princes Territorial sovereignty in religious matters

96 How the Reformation Spread Spread of the Reformation 1520 s-1530 s Theologians Pamphleteers Princes/magistrates

97 German Protestant Rulers Politicized religious reform Elector of Saxony Prince of Hesse

98 Schmaldkaldic League 1530 s Alliance of Lutheran Princes Prepared for war against Emperor

99 The Peasant s Revolt

100 German Peasants Sought to use Luther s movement To address Political oppression

101 Karsthans Hans with a hoe

102 German Peasant s War Peasants Revolted against their landlords

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106 Luther s Response Condemned Peasant uprising as Unchristian

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108 Results of the Rebellion Rebellion Crushed 70, ,000 killed