How To Understand Cloud Computing

Transcription

1 Cloud Computing Today David Hirsch April 2013

2 Outline What is the Cloud? Types of Cloud Computing Why the interest in Cloud computing today? Business Uses for the Cloud Consumer Uses for the Cloud PCs and other computing devices vs. the Cloud What is the future of Cloud computing?

3 What is it?

4 What is Cloud Computing? Simple Definition: Computing resources (hardware, software, applications, storage) that are accessed remotely from another computing device.

5 NIST Definition of Cloud Computing A model for enabling, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction

6 The Hype

7 Cloud Computing Hype The cloud will change IT as nothing before it has. It may end up removing the last vestiges of the captive IT organization that "owns" its enterprise as surely as the enterprise owns IT. - Gartner One of the biggest advantages of the cloud is also one of the most overlooked: the ability to accelerate innovation. By moving to the cloud model, you can scale back investment in non-differentiating IT infrastructure and instead focus on exploring big, new ideas that lead to better products, services and business results - Forbes

8 What is it?

9 Essential Characteristics On-demand self-service Broad network access Resource pooling Location independence Rapid elasticity Measured Service

10 Common Cloud Characteristics Massive scale Homogeneity Virtualization Resilient Computing Low cost software Geographic distribution Service orientation

11 Foundations of Cloud Computing Virtualization Grid Technology Service Oriented Architecture Distributed computing Broadband networks Browser as a platform Free and open software Automatic Systems Web 2.0 Web Application Frameworks Service level agreements

12 Is this so new? Hasn't this concept been around for a very long time? Answer: Yes, in different forms over the years

13 Is this so new? Past Examples John McCarthy in 1960's: spoke of "computation as a public utility" Ramnath Chellappa, Associate Professor at Emery Goizueta Business School first used the term "Cloud Computing" in 1997 Client-Server Web Services

14 Internet Shakes Things Up The Internet changes everything Anyone can now easily access remote services Examples Web based (Hotmail, Yahoo Mail, Gmail) Mapping Applications (Google Maps, Mapquest, Waze) Remote backup services (Carbonite,...)

15 Consumer Advantages Access key user data (mail, documents) not just from one location (work, home) Data safety: provider responsible to backups, up time, etc. Recent emergence of multiple consumer devices per person/family make it disadvantageous to have data on only a single user's device

16 Businesses Jump on Board Amazon Launched Amazon Web Services in 2006 to take advantage of their idle computing resources Google, IBM, Microsoft soon follow,...

17 Business Advantages For employee data for employees, same as for consumers Newer services like Amazon's AWS can replace/supplement proprietary data centers Remove large fixed costs for building/maintaining computing resources Flexibility in scaling and meeting peak demand Especially advantageous for small/medium businesses that don't necessarily have or want the expertise to run computing resources on desired scale

18 Revisit Cloud Computing Definition Cloud computing is: Any computing resource used outside your home or company firewall Any pay-per-use or subscription service that extends the capabilities of the local computing environment

19 Cloud Computing Types Cloud computing is offered in different flavors: 1. Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas): end users (IT professionals) use the computing resources of the provider, but build/deploy their own custom apps 2. Platform as a Service (Paas): Providers provides higher level tools to make it easier for end-user to create own custom apps 3. Software as a Service (Saas): provides applications/services that end users use remotely

20 Infrastructure as a Service Most basic cloud-service model Providers just offer computer servers, could be physical but today's usually virtual (VM) Hypervisors (e.g. Xen, KVN) allow running of multiple VMs and quick scaling up/down Additional resources: storage, files, load balancers, IP addresses and network access Examples: Amazon EC2, MS Azure Services Platform, Google Compute Engine

21 Platform as a Service A bit more than Iaas Providers deliver a computing platform Includes: OS, programming language environment, database, web server Allows company IT or programmers to build applications with most of the required foundational software already in place Examples: Google App Engine, Windows Azure Cloud Services, AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Cloud Foundry

22 Software as a Service (Saas) Most common cloud provider type where the provider provides the software/application Nothing for the customers to install or maintain Customers just use the provided application Services are usually pay as you go subscriptions or free or freemium Services/Applications are highly scalable and can be distributed worldwide Examples: Google Drive, Microsoft Office 365, Dropbox, Evernote, Yahoo Mail, Hotmail, Facebook

23 Cloud Companies

24 Inside Cloud Services

25 Deployment Models Determined by where and accessibility of the cloud Public Cloud: hosted by provider and made available to general public Community Cloud: hosted internally or by provider, shared infrastructure between several organizations Hybrid Cloud: Composition of two of more clouds (typically public and private) Private Cloud: operated solely for a single organization

26 Deployment Models

27 Deployment Models Comparison for Saas Public Cloud Private Cloud Initial Cost Typically zero Typically high Running Cost Predictable, but more expensive Unpredictable, but less costly Customization Impossible Possible Privacy No (host has access to data) Yes Single sign-on Impossible Possible Scaling Up Easily while within defined limits Laborious but no limits

28 Public Cloud Available over the public internet Services provided as needed, pay as you go basis Typically provide web applications or services

29 Community Cloud Several organizations with similar/common mission Desire to share infrastructure cost and management Services/applications open to a restricted audience of a shared community Enhanced security and privacy

30 Hybrid Cloud Typically, combination of private and public clouds Local data can be archived or replicated to public cloud Some organizations use physical hardware and virtualized cloud server instances to provide a single common source Some use public cloud to allow scaling for peak demand

31 Private Cloud Emulate public clouds but operated solely for a single organization Benefit of utility type of computing for an organization

32 Issues and Concerns Reliability Availability of services and data Security Complexity Costs Regulations Legal issues Performance Migration Lack of customization Lack of standards

33 Who is responsible? Service Owner Saas Paas Iaas Data Joint Tenant Tenant Application Joint Joint Tenant Compute Provider Joint Tenant Storage Provider Provider Joint Network Provider Provider Joint Physical Provider Provider Provider

34 Reliability Can you trust your mission critical application/services to someone else? If Amazon AWS has issues then you hear about Netflix, Dropbox and others whose services then go down as well For end users, what if you must have a document and then Google Docs is down?

35 Security Businesses are very leery to put companies core intellectual property in the non-private cloud Consumers don't understand the cloud enough to trust it to put their sensitive documents (e.g. tax returns) in the public cloud

36 Costs For small or medium size companies the scale and cost of the public cloud are hard to resist Most startups now just use the public cloud to provide their services and much or perhaps almost all of their IT For large companies or heavy users of services, the public cloud can be significantly more expensive than running the infrastructure on their own hardware However, prices continue to drop and more and more capacity becomes available from more providers Data bandwidth costs, especially for mobile users

37 Cloud Future The global cloud computing market is expected to grow at an 30% CAGR reaching $270 billion in 2020, concludes the latest research report covering the cloud computing products, technologies and services for the global market. The report provides detailed year-byyear ( ) - Market Research Media Continued expansion into consumer space Cloud becomes an integral capability of most corporate IT Costs keep getting driven down as scaling improves

38 Cloud Computing Growth

39 Consumer Cloud Future Consumer applications & data move from localized on a device to the cloud o The personal cloud will gradually replace the PC as the location where individuals keep their personal content, access their services and personal preferences and center their digital lives - Gartner On device data and applications become more a backup for when cannot get online New services emerge to help manage and access data/services distributed across many devices and clouds

40 Consumers World is Changing

41 Business Cloud Future Cloud computing grows as percentage of IT Fewer home-grown custom services

42 Cloud: Fun

43 Cloud: Fun