Quantitative EEG Analyses

Transcription

1 Applied Neuroscience, Inc th Terrace Drive Phone St. Petersburg Fax Florida, Quantitative EEG Analyses PATIENT INFORMATION RECORDING Name: Date: October 17, 2008 Exam#: Age: years Sex: Female Handedness: Right Ref. By: Dr. Competent Test Site: Analysis Length: 2:03 Minutes Ave. EEG Reliability: 0.98 (SH) Ave. EEG Reliability: 0.99 (TRT) Medication: Oxycodone 400 mg, oxycontin 40 mg,clonazepam 1mg, effexor mg, Estraderm.025 mg. HISTORY: Migraines started 17 years ago. Typically 5 migraines per week. Never less than 3. Migraines started 17 years ago when she feel out of a car and landed hard on her knees. Migraines started the day after. Has tried medications, acupuncture, reflexology, elimation diets, and fasting with no significant benefits. Neck is involved as a trigger. SUMMARY OF EEG ANALYSES: The power spectral analysis were deviant from normal with excessive power in the right posterior-temporal regions at 2 7 Hz and bilateral posterior-temporal regions at Elevated power was present in the midline central and frontal at Hz. LORETA 3- dimensional source analyses were consistent with the surface EEG and showed excessive current sources in the right inferior and middle temporal gyri with a maximum at 7 Hz (Brodmann areas 20, 21 & 38). Elevated current sources were present in the parahippocampal gyrus and fusiform temporal gyrus with a maximum at 15 Hz (Brodmann areas 35, 36 & 37). The findings of focal deviations from normal can not be explained by a medication effect. EEG amplitude asymmetry, EEG coherence and EEG phase were abnormal, especially in bilateral frontal and right posterior-temporal relations. Reduced coherence was present in the right posterior regions which indicates reduced functional

2 connectivity. Elevated coherence was present in bilateral frontal regions which indicates reduced functional differentiation. Both conditions are often related to reduced speed and efficiency of information processing. In general, the EEG analyses were abnormal and showed focal hypo-excitability and de-regulation of the bilateral temporal lobes and especially right temporal lobes and the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus. The parahippocampal gyrus is involved in short-term memory, acquisition of new memories, attention control and regulation of limbic emotional and memory input to the cortex. The temporal lobes are involved in auditory information processing, short-term memory, receptive language on the left and face recognition on the right. The frontal regions are involved in mood control, executive functioning, abstract thinking and social skills. To the extent there is deviation from normal electrical patterns in these structures, then sub-optimal functioning is expected. It is not clear if the focal posterior-temporal and parahippocampal deviations from normal are causally related to migraine head aches. However, over stimulation of thalamic-cortical circuits and limbic system circuits by migraine head aches may contribute to the focal de-regulations observed in this analysis. NEUROFEEDBACK RECOMMENDATIONS: The following implications for neurotherapy are offered based upon the clinical evaluation of the patient as well as the reference data base results. These suggestions for neurotherapy should be evaluated with caution and should only be considered as possible strategies that the clinician may considered in his/her evaluation. If the patient is depressed, then the clinician should consider treating this condition first through alpha frequency enhancement or some other biofeedback protocol that may reduce depression. If depression or poor mood and/or motivation is not a problem then the clinician may consider using one or more strategies with the priority of treatment in the order presented below. 1- Suppress frequency activity 2-8 Hz at T6. 2- Suppress frequency activity Hz at Cz. 3- Suppress EEG coherence at 1-8 Hz between T6 and C4. 2

3 Robert W. Thatcher, Ph.D., QEEG-T, BCIA, ECNS 3

4 Fig. 1 - Example of EEG and Absolute Power Z scores Linked Ears eyes closed condition Fig. 2- Example of Laplacian Absolute Power eyes closed condition

5 Fig. 3 Example of LORETA Z Scores at 7 Hz. 2

6 Fig. 4 Example of LORETA Z Scores at 15 Hz. 3

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