ADVANCED ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

Transcription

1 ADVANCED ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS Tangible interaction course, 2012 Final project Farshid Jafari Harandi TOPICS Types of Arduino More on sensors More on actuators 1

2 HOW WORK A sensor measures a physical quantity and converts it into a readable signal (electric) Inputs such as Temperature Acceleration Magnetic field Translate Outputs such as Analog voltage Current PWM output Serial interfaces HOW TO READ? Analog voltage / current: Analog voltage (0 to 5v) can be read by Arduino s analog input Current can be converted to analog voltage 2

3 HOW TO READ? PWM: Varying duty cycle Read by Pulsein(); command HOW TO READ? Serial interfaces: Transfer data using less number of wires Built in libraries exist I2C/ Two wire UART (Soft /Hardware) 1 Wire SPI Others 3

4 Microphone: Captures audio signals Translates it to capacitance Need for preamp. Pictures and references from: Distance measurement Ultrasonic (Parallax Ping, 20cm-3m, Serial interface) IR distance meters (Sharp GP2D12, 10-80cm, Analog) 3D Laser Scanners (Hokuyo URL-04X, 240 2cm-5.6m,Uart) Pictures from:

5 Kinect: 3D scanner + distance Tracks 20 body joints, 30fps MS SDK, kinectforwindows.org/ rich APIs, raw sensor streams, human motion tracking Microsoft Visual Studio Kinect presentatino Dot patern 12 bet thing AR Pictures from: Wiimote: Multitouch + accelerometer Infrared camera 1024x768 resolution & 4 points Accelerometer (+ nunchuck) Motionplus (Gyro) johnnylee.net, wiimoteproject.com Wiibrew.org/, wiimotelib.codeplex.com Wii presentatino Johnny Lee part Pictures from: amazon.co.uk, infobarrel.com 5

6 Touch sensors Touch button Arduino Capacitive library Touch screen Pictures from: Iteadstudio.com, arduino.cc Presence detectors Passive infrared sensor (Human, 7m, Digital) Reed switch (Magnetic, 5mm, Digital) Proximity sensor (IR, 2-10cm, Digital) Pictures from:

7 Position sensor GPS (LS20031, Open space, 5Hz, UART) Altimeter (air pressure/ altitude) Digital Magnetic compass (CMPS03, Earth magnetic field, I2C) Tilt sensor Mechanical tilt switch Two contacts and a metal ball inside Acts like a switch Picture from : 7

8 Accelerometer 3 Axis Accelerometer Pitch/yaw/roll MMA7260QT (1.5/2/4/6 g) Angle in steady state 3 Analog outputs Gyroscopic effect sensor Single Axis Gyroscope LISY300AL ±300 /s Rate of rotation around a particular axis

9 Pressure, force Bend Flexiforce sensors Load cell Optical, light, imaging Image processing, programmable camera Color sensor Opto interrupter 9

10 Temperature LM35 40 C to +110 C 10 mv/deg C analog voltage RTD / Thermistor variable resistor Thermocouple Millivolts MORE Flow meters Smoke/gas/alcohol detectors Encoders (rotary/linear) And much more 10

11 CONCERNS WITH Calibration/ offset Noise Drift Resolution Hysteresis Non-linearity ACTUATORS Brushed/brushless/servo/stepper/DC motors Single/three phase AC motors Linear motors Hydraulics Pneumatics Solenoids or magnetic actuators (attraction/ repulsion) 11

12 ACTUATORS Stepper motors Work with DC current Can be easily reversed by giving different steps to follow Need driver circuitry Move in very precise steps Have more than three wires ACTUATORS Nano Muscle Linear actuator Miga Motors NM70 Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) 4.0mm stroke 3.5V Weights 1.1g Moves up to 70g

13 CONCERNS WITH ACTUATORS Draw high amounts of current Back-EMF Timing SOURCES Sensors : Actuators : Modern Control Technology - Components and Systems, 2nd edition, Christopher T. Kilian, ISBN :

14 QUESTIONS? 14