S A M P L E. What is a slewing mobile crane?

Transcription

1 What is a slewing mobile crane? A slewing mobile crane is a powered crane which features a boom or jib that can slew from front to back. The crane is mounted on a vehicle. This course does not cover front end loaders, backhoes, excavators or similar equipment. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A2

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3 Required Knowledge High Risk Licensing and the Law Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A4

4 Required Knowledge High Risk Licensing and the Law Crane and hoist operation: Tower cranes Self-erecting tower cranes Derrick cranes Portal boom cranes Bridge and gantry cranes Vehicle loading cranes Non-slewing mobile cranes Slewing mobile cranes Material hoist Personnel and materials hoist Boom-type elevating work platform Vehicle-mounted concrete placing boom Forklift operation: Forklift truck Order-picking truck Pressure equipment Scaffolding work Rigging work Dogging work NOTE: Earthmoving equipment is NOT included in the new National Standard. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A5

5 Required Knowledge 2.0 Question RK 2 (h) You must renew your high risk work licence after how many years? Answer: 5 years. Required Knowledge High Risk Licensing and the Law Don t forget. Set yourself a reminder before the due date. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A6

6 Element 1 Plan Work Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A7

7 Performance criterion 1.1 Question 1.1 (c) You ve already planned for site hazards. What other things do you plan for before using the crane? Answer: What are some problems or challenges at this site? How will you get in and out of the site? Some things to plan for are: Who do you need to talk to? Where will you use the crane? Element 1 - Plan Job Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A8

8 Performance criterion 1.6 Question 1.6 (e) Element 1 - Plan Job When would you communicate with the crane operator using a fixed two-way radio? Answer: When the crane operator can t see you. If other cranes and doggers are using whistles in the area. If it s too noisy to hear whistles. If you think it s the best way for the job you are doing. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A9

9 Element 2 Conduct Routine Checks Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A10

10 Performance criterion 2.4 Question 2.4 (a) Why is it important to check the crane and equipment before use? Answer: The crane and equipment must be safe to use. The crane must be right for the job. Element 2 - Conduct Routine Checks Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A11

11 Question 2.4 (f) continued Element 2 - Conduct Routine Checks Cracked or twisted hook Has been exposed to high heat. For example 280 degrees Celsius. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A12

12 Element 3 Set Up Crane Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A13

13 Why you need packing You must use packing under the outriggers. Each outrigger takes some of the weight of the crane and the load. Packing spreads that weight over a larger area. This makes the crane more stable. How soil types affect packing The type of ground you are working on changes how much packing you need. For example, if you need to set up on soft clay you will need more packing than if you are setting up on shale or rock. If you do not use packing the outriggers could sink and the crane could tip over. Element 3 - Prepare Site and Equipment Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A14

14 Performance criterion 3.7 Question 3.7 (a) You have done your post operational checks. You are about to lift a load. Why should you test your communication equipment? Answer: To make sure you and the dogger can hear each other. Can you hear me? Yes. Element 3 - Prepare Site and Equipment Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A15

15 Element 4 Transfer Load Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A16

16 Performance criterion 4.1 Question 4.1 (d) Element 4 - Transfer Load You are looking at the load chart and working out how much the crane can lift. What do you subtract from the rated capacity, to find out how much the crane can lift? Answer: Subtract: Mass of lifting attachments (for example, beams, kibbles) Mass of hook block Mass of lifting gear (for example, slings). Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A17

17 Performance criterion 4.1 Question 4.1 (g) A slewing mobile crane s boom can slew from front to back. What does slewing like this do to the crane s capacity? Answer: The crane s capacity changes when slewing from front to back. Always check the load chart to make sure the crane will stay within its capacity. Element 4 - Transfer Load Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A18

18 Reading Load Charts Load Chart - Up to 20 Tonne (A) DEFINITIONS With 4.5m A Frame Jib in stowed or operating position, powered boom ratings should be reduced accordingly Equipped With Jib Stowed Jib Erected Boom Deduction 180 kilograms 320 kilograms ON RUBBER RATINGS NOTES INFORMATION WARNINGS Operating Radius (M) Hoist reeving Load ratings on rubber - KGs Stationary Mobile Over Front Front 360O Creep 4KPH Operating radius is the horizontal distance from the axis of Crepe is motion for less than 61 metres in a 30 minute rotation before loading to the centre of the vertical hoist line period and not exceeding 1.6KM/H. or tackle with load applied. Loaded boom angle is the included angle between the horizontal and longitudinal axis of the boom base after lifting rated load at rated radius (see warning notes). 1. Ratings above heavy line are based on structural limits and not on machine stability. Stationary load ratings do not exceed 75 per cent of tipping loads. Mobile load ratings do not exceed 66 per cent of Crane load ratings are for machines with 1940 kgs of tipping loads. counterweight and do not exceed 75 per cent of tipping loads without stowed JIB. Ratings above heavy line are based on the machine s hydraulic or structural competence and not on machine stability. When transporting a load, the machine must be on Weights of hooks, hook block(s), slings and all other load a firm level ground with load centred over the front handling devices shall be considered a part of the load. and restrained from swinging with mechanical swing lock engaged. Crane load riggings with outriggers are based on outriggers fully extended set to a distance of 2.5m. From the longitudinal Load ratings are based on lift limitations and axis of the carrier to the outrigger float pivot connection with conditions of tyres inflated to pressures shown and all load removed from carrier wheels. apply only when axle lockouts are engaged. Use of jib on rubber ratings is not approved. Ratings are limited to fully retracted boom. For boom lengths less than 23.6m. With manual section Load lifted over front or rear and swung over side extended the loads are determined by boom angle only in the with increase in radius due to tyre deflection. The column headed by 23.6m boom. increase in radius must be compensate for by raising WARNING: Do not exceed maximum boom or machine may tip over. radius for each column or a tipping condition will occur. INFORMATION WARNINGS For all mobile slewing crane classes ,500 8,500 12,000 7, ,000 6,500 10,000 6, ,500 5,000 8,500 5, ,500 4,000 6,000 4, ,500 3,000 5,500 4, ,100 2,200 3,950 3, ,500 1,500 3,000 2, ,900 1,000 2,100 2, , ,500 1, ,000 1,200 1, Wire Rope: 13mm Diameter, Minimum Breaking Strength 118KN Permissible line Loads in KGS Parts Line Main 3,000 6,000 9,000 12,000 15,000 18,000 20,000 Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A19

19 Using Load Charts You are to operate a mobile slewing crane. You will need to work out (calculate) information such as: Element 4 - Transfer Load Maximum load that can be lifted How many parts of line are needed The weight of hooks and blocks To do this you must look at the Load Chart for your crane. There is a lot of information on a Load Chart. With practice you will learn which tables to look at on the Load Chart to find the information you need. You will also get used to reading the Notes and Definitions on the Load Chart to help you work out important information. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A20

20 Answer 4.1 (i): 10,300 kg Element 4 - Transfer Load Step 2: Find the 5 metre operating radius. The operating radius in metres is shown in the left column. Follow down the rows until you find the 5 metre radius. Step 3: Follow the 5 metre radius row along until you meet the 14 metre boom length column. That is the load rating that you are looking for. Step 1: Find the 14 metre boom length column on the table. The boom lengths are labelled across the top of each column. Operating Radius (M) 360O Load ratings in kilograms with outriggers extended Boom Length KGs KGs KGs KGs KGs KGs KGs KGs Operating Radius (M) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A21

21 Element 5 Mobile Load Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A22

22 Performance criterion 5.1 Question 5.1 (a) Why is it best to mobile (drive) the crane on firm and level surfaces? Element 5 - Mobile Load Answer: To help keep the crane stable and stop load swing. Keep on firm level surface Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A23

23 Question 5.3 (b) continued Element 5 - Mobile Load Move slowly. Keep the radius and boom angle small. Keep the load as low as you can. Be careful of load swing. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A24

24 Element 6 Shut Down and Secure Crane OFF ON Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A25

25 Performance criterion 6.1 Question 6.1 (a) Element 6 - Shut Down and Secure Crane Is it OK to leave a load hanging from the hook after you ve shut down the crane? Answer: No. The winch or boom could creep (the load might drop down slowly). The boom may slew. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A26

26 Question 6.6 (a) continued Element 6 - Shut Down and Secure Crane Check the tyres are pumped up and not damaged Check that the hook is secure Check for fluid leaks (oil, water, fuel, hydraulic fluid) Make sure outriggers are retracted. Easy Guides Australia Pty Ltd A27