Chapter 18 Reconstruction

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1 Chapter 18 Reconstruction Objective: What was the impact of the various events and movements during Reconstruction? Student Name Period Teacher Test Date Goal: Students will be able to describe the impact of various events and movements that influenced Reconstruction, such as: a. Lincoln's assassination b. Ku Klux Klan and the development of Jim Crow laws c. Freedmen's Bureau d. Civil War Constitutional Amendments (Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth) e. industrialization. I am able to describe and explain the impact of the various events & movements during Reconstruction in a way that others can easily understand. I am able to identify and describe the impact of the various events & movements during Reconstruction. I can identify and describe some of the various events & movements during Reconstruction. With help, I can identify some of the various events & movements during Reconstruction.

2 18-1 Vocabulary p.570 Radical Republican Scalawag Reconstruction Carpetbagger Freedmen s Bureau Amnesty Andrew Johnson Civil Rights Black Codes Impeach 14 th Amendment Veto 18-1 Notes p Now you will learn: As the South rebuilt, millions of freed African-Americans worked to improve their lives. Presidential Reconstruction Congressional Reconstruction Lincoln: wanted to reunify the nation with malice 1. towards none ; said South could send representatives to Congress Johnson: did not attempt to meet needs of formerly enslaved people Johnson: Passes Reconstruction Act of 1867, which sets conditions for Southern states to be readmitted to the Union. Johnson: believed the states should address voting rights and equal protection issues on their own. 4. Johnson: against full citizenship for African-Americans 5.

3 6. Johnson: Passed Civil Rights Act of Johnson: refused to support 14 th Amendment Making Generalizations The below statements describe events and conditions immediately following the war. For each group of statements, create a generalization that summarizes the statements. 1. Lincoln s plan for Reconstruction included pardoning Confederate officials and allowing Confederate states to form new governments and rejoin the Union. Congress established the Freedmen s Bureau to set up schools and hospitals for African-Americans and to distribute clothes, food, and fuel throughout the South. 2. President Johnson believed the job of Reconstruction belonged to the president rather than to Congress. He insisted new state governments ratify the 13 th Amendment (prohibiting slavery) and accept the supreme power of the federal government. He offered amnesty to most white Southerners. He vetoes the Radical Republicans bill promoting civil rights; Congress overrode this veto. 3. Republicans outnumbered Democrats in both houses, and Radical Republicans were very vocal. They demanded equal citizenship for African-Americans. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 were passed with the support of both moderate and radical Republicans, beginning the period known as Radical Reconstruction.

4 4. By 1870, voters in all Southern states had approved new constitutions. Their delegates included mostly Republicans, with many poor white farmers (also called scalawags) angry at planters for starting the war; Northerners who had come to the South for personal gain (carpetbaggers); African-Americans, and others. In all, nearly 700 African-Americans served in states legislatures in the South during this period, 16 served as Southern U.S. congressmen Vocabulary p.576 Freedmen s Schools Ku Klux Klan Sharecropping Lynch Plantation 18-2 Notes p Now you will learn: As the South rebuilt, millions of freed African- Americans worked to improve their lives. African-American left plantations in search of economic opportunities or to find family members Responding to Freedom & Working the Land

5 A terrorist group, the Ku Klux Klan s goal was to return Democrats to power and keep former slaves powerless. Violent Racism 18-2 Main Ideas Below are some general statements about daily life following the Civil War. Read each statement, and then supply details from the section that support it. 1. Newly freed African-Americans were eager to obtain an education. 2. African-Americans had trouble obtaining land of their own. 3. The contract system was better than slavery, but had drawbacks.

6 4. The practice of sharecropping had some advantages, but also had drawbacks Vocabulary p th Amendment Compromise Panic of 1873 Ulysses S. Grant Compromise of 1877 Electoral Votes Stock Market Amendment Depression 18-3 Notes p Now you will learn: As white Southerners regained power in Congress, Reconstruction ended, as did African- American advances towards equality. Grant wins the 1868 presidential election by a narrow margin in the popular vote Women who had fought to end slavery are angry.

7 3. Congress passes anti- Ku Klux Klan bill in The 1872 presidential election is fair and peaceful CAUSE With the Panic of 1873, people grew tired of dealing with the problems in the South EFFECT Reconstruction Weakens 9.

8 18-3 Identifying Problems Answer the following questions about the problems that occurred at the end of Reconstruction. 1. How did Ulysses S. Grant win the majority of the popular vote? 2. What problem was the passage of the 15 th Amendment intended to solve? 3. What problem did the 15 th Amendment create for suffragists? 4. What problem was the anti-klan bill aimed at solving, and how well did it succeed? 5. What problem was caused by Grant s poor choice of advisors? 6. What banking problem led to the Panic of 1873, and what problems resulted?

9 7. What problem was caused by the Supreme Court s decision in U.S. v. Reese a ruling in favor of white Southerners who barred African-Americans from voting? 8. What election problem was solved by the Compromise of 1877? 18 Final Question: Was Reconstruction worthwhile? Create a Thinking Map that helps organize your ideas and then write a persuasive essay (3 paragraphs: intro, body, conclusion) that supports your opinion.

10 18 Rough Draft: Write a rough draft of your essay. Be sure to support your ideas with evidence from the textbook.

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