Personality Disorders

Transcription

1 Personality Disorders A group of disorders characterized by pathological issues in the personality structure. A sociopathic or psychopathic disorder characterized by a lack of ethical or moral responsibility

2 Characteristics: Inability to follow socially approved codes of behavior They know right from wrong In touch with reality Lack any feelings of shame/remorse regarding their wrongful actions No conscience lack of good judgment poor relationships with others accompanied by little anxiety no personal sense of distress

3 Cluster A: Paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality, and schizotypal personality disorder Distrustful emotionally detached eccentric personalities

4 Cluster B: Antisocial personality disorder, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders Dramatic emotional behavior narcissistic antisocial borderline personality disorders Disregard for others unstable and intense interpersonal relationships excessive attention seeking entitlement issues with a lack of empathy for others

5 Cluster C: Avoidant personality, dependent personality, and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders avoider of social situations clinging submissive preoccupied with details, rules, and order anxious fearful behavior

6 Causes More women than men develop borderline personality disorder, but men are much more likely to have antisocial personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder A history of childhood verbal, physical or sexual abuse (usually younger than 13) A family history of schizophrenia or personality disorder A childhood head injury Childhood trauma or an unstable family life Children with an alcoholic parent The causes of narcissistic, histrionic, avoidant and dependent personality disorders: minimally studied and aren't yet well understood

7 Complications Increased risk of: Social isolation An inability to forge and maintain healthy relationships lack of desire for closeness socially disconnected Suicide highest among people with cluster B personality disorders Substance abuse Depression, anxiety and eating disorders Self-destructive behavior such as risky sex and gambling increased risk of physical, emotional and sexual abuse Violence and homicide Incarceration

8 Treatment There's no cure for these conditions Therapy and medication can help May improve with age Types of therapy that can help: Psychodynamic psychotherapy Talking about condition Cognitive behavior therapy actively retraining the way you think about problems Dialectical Therapy focuses on coping skills

9 Narcissism Narcissistic personality disorder Inflated sense of and preoccupation with your importance, achievements and talents Constant attention-grabbing and admiration-seeking behavior Inability to empathize with others Excessive anger or shame in response to criticism Manipulation of others to further your own desires Antisocial (formerly, sociopathic) personality disorder Chronic irresponsibility and unreliability Lack of regard for the law and for others' rights Persistent lying and stealing Aggressive, often violent behavior Lack of remorse for hurting others Lack of concern for the safety of yourself and others Borderline personality disorder Difficulty controlling emotions or impulses Frequent, dramatic changes in mood, opinions and plans Stormy relationships involving frequent, intense anger and possibly physical fights Fear of being alone despite a tendency to push people away Feeling of emptiness inside

10 Types Antisocial Personality Disorder: Lack of regard for the moral or legal standards culture, inability to get along with others or abide by societal rules. Sometimes called psychopaths or sociopaths Avoidant Personality Disorder: Marked social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and extremely sensitive to criticism Borderline Personality Disorder: Lack of one's own identity, with rapid changes in mood, intense unstable interpersonal relationships, impulsively, instability in affect and in self image. Dependent Personality Disorder: Extreme need of other people, to a point where the person is unable to make any decisions or take an independent stand on his or her own. Fear of separation and submissive behavior. Marked lack of decisiveness and self-confidence. Histrionic Personality Disorder: Exaggerated and often inappropriate displays of emotional reactions, approaching theatricality, in everyday behavior. Sudden and rapidly shifting emotion expressions. Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Behavior or a fantasy of grandiosity, a lack of empathy, a need to be admired by others, an inability to see the viewpoints of others, and hypersensitive to the opinions of others. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder: Characterized by perfectionism and inflexibility; preoccupation with uncontrollable patterns of thought and action. Paranoid Personality Disorder: Marked distrust of others, including the belief, without reason, that others are exploiting, harming, or trying to deceive him or her; lack of trust; belief of others' betrayal; belief in hidden meanings; unforgiving and grudge holding. Schizoid Personality Disorder: Primarily characterized by a very limited range of emotion, both in expression of and experiencing; indifferent to social relationships. Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Peculiarities of thinking, odd beliefs, and eccentricities of appearance, behavior, interpersonal style, and thought (e.g., belief in psychic phenomena and having magical powers).

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13 Do You Have The Mind of A Sociopath? A woman, while at the funeral of her own mother, met a man whom she did not know. She thought this guy was amazing, her dream guy, and she fell in love with him right there, but she never asked for his number and then could not find him. A few days later she killed her sister. Question: What is her motive for killing her sister?