Health Care Coverage Cost Drivers. Association of WA Healthcare Plans January 2013

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1 Health Care Coverage Cost Drivers Association of WA Healthcare Plans January 2013

2 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform? WA Healthcare Plans Are Working to Support Quality & Affordability In Conclusion

3 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending

4 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending Soaring medical costs threaten our economic competitiveness, our public safety net, and the affordability of coverage for Washington families, individuals, and employers. Health care cost growth is one of the most important economic challenges facing our state --- however the relationship between healthcare costs and premiums is often misunderstood.

5 A Look at Healthcare Costs& Spending

6 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending Source: AHIP

7 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending

8 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending Medical care costs for commercial health insurance programs grew 74% Jan 2003 Aug U.S. spending on health insurance grew at an accelerated rate in 2011, breaking a two-year trend of smaller cost increases. Average Spending on Private Insurance Patient: 2010 $4, $4,547 Source: S&P Healthcare Economic Composite Index, Source: Institute of Medicine, Best Care at Lower Cost: The Path to Continuously Learning Health Care in America, , as reported in The Washington Post

9 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending

10 A Look at Healthcare Costs & Spending Health plans total profits as a percentage of total national expenditures were less than.005 % in 2010 and over the past decade have averaged.004 %. Continuing this trend into 1 st Qtr 2011, the health plan industry s average net profit margin was again within the industry s historic rage of 3-5% at 3.15%

11 A Look at Healthcare Cost & Spending Administrative Costs are Low and Decreasing % of Premiums Toward Admin Costs (Nationally) 14.5% 14.0% 13.5% 13.0% 12.5% 12.0% 11.5% 11.0% 10.5% 10.0% 14.06% 13.90% 13.41% 13.25% 13.10% 12.39% 11.11% % of Premiums Toward Admin Costs Source: AHIP

12 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers

13 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers Insurance Premiums Directly Reflect Healthcare Costs Reasons for Healthcare Coverage Cost Increases are Complex and Involve Many Factors, Including: Rising Medical Care Prices Expensive New Technologies Aging Population Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Unhealthy Lifestyle Choices Taxes, Fees & Compliance

14 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

15 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices the common driver of increasing cost is the underlying cost of care the cost of seeing the doctor, going to the hospital, buying prescription drugs Milliman recently released a video examining health care costs, and the video noted:

16 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers : Rising Medical Prices

17 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices As part of the federal health law, all states last year began reviewing premium increases of 10 percent or more, requiring insurers to justify the increases. There are no similar national efforts to examine price increases by hospitals or other medical providers. Kaiser Health News, Higher Prices Charged By Hospitals, Other Providers, Drove Health Spending During Downturn, MAY 21, 2012

18 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices Higher Prices By Hospitals, Other Providers, Drove 2011 Spending Increases Source: Health Care Cost Institute, as reported by Kaiser Health News, Julie Appleby, Sept 25, 2012

19 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices One of the cost-drivers for hospitals is due to the rise in uncompensated care. These costs get shifted to private insured patients.

20 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices According to the National Institute for Health Care Management: Higher spending for hospital care and physician and clinical services accounted for half of the increase in total national health spending between 2005 and 2009 and more than 80 percent of the increase in private insurance premiums over the period. According to Bob Kocher and Ezekiel Emanuel in the Journal of the American Medical Association: prices for hospital services are 13% to 25% higher in consolidated hospital markets.

21 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices Health Care Cost Institute Research Findings 2010 Component s Growth Rate Total Utilization Intensity-Adjusted Price Intensity Inpatient -3.3% 4.6% 0.7% 1.6% Outpatient Outpatient Visits -3.1% 5.3% 4.6% 6.7% Out. Procedures 2.0% 4.0% -2.3% 3.7% Professional -0.3% 3.1% 3.1% -0.5% Prescription Drugs 0.9% N/A N/A 4.0% Source: Health Care Cost Institute, Health Care Cost and Utilization Report: 2010,. Graph by Amber Bronnum Ana Sofia Sousa-Brindle June 8, 2012

22 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Rising Medical Prices Pharmacy costs are impacting costs, especially as more branded biologics and specialty drugs enter the market place with patent protection for many years to come.

23 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

24 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: New Technologies While a particular new technology may either increase or decrease health care spending, researchers generally agree that, taken together, advances in medical technology have contributed to rising overall U.S. health care spending, including: New treatments for previously untreatable terminal and or acute conditions, such as diabetes, end-stage renal disease, AIDS, and coronary artery bypass graft New procedures for treating secondary diseases within a disease Expanding indications for a treatment over time, increasing the patient population to which the treatment is applied Incremental improvements in existing capabilities, which may improve quality Extending scope of medicine to conditions once regarded as beyond its boundaries Source: How Changes in Medical Technology Affect Health Care Costs, Kaiser Family Foundation, March 2007

25 Millions Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: New Technologies Health care technology advances often lead to improved outcomes, but also increase spending Congressional Budget Office estimates technology advance were responsible for approximately 50% of the rise in health expenditures over the past several decades $8,000 Medicare Spending on Imaging Services*, $6,000 $4,000 $2,000 $0 Advanced Imaging Standard Imaging Sources: Congressional Budget Office. (2008). Technological Change and the Growth of Health Care Spending; Government Accountability Office. (2008). Medicare Part B Imaging Services. Advanced imaging includes MRI, nuclear medicine, and CT. Standard imaging includes ultrasound, X-ray and other standard imaging, and procedures that use imaging.

26 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

27 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Aging Population Population Over 65 as Share of Working Age Population

28 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

29 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Cost Shift From Under Funded Public Programs Payment-to-Cost Ratios (Hospital Aggregate) 160% 140% Private Payer 120% 100% 80% 60% Medicare Medicaid 40% Source: Washington Department of Health, Center for Health Statistics Amber Bronnum Ana Sofia Sousa-Brindle June 8, 2012

30 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: Cost Shift From Under Funded Public Programs Payment Level Comparison Between Public Programs and Commercial Health Plans for WA State Hospitals Source: Fox, Pickering. Milliman 2006, Premera Report May 2006

31 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

32 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers People with Chronic Conditions Account for 84% of National Health Care Dollars & 99% of Medicare Spending

33 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

34 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: 2% WA Premium Tax WA health insurers currently pay a 2% premium tax that goes to our state s General Budget Fund. In 2011, combined WA insurers paid $405,923,000 in premium taxes. The cost of this tax is necessarily passed on to WA individuals, families, and employers purchasing healthcare coverage.

35 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers WSHIP Assessment 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Rising Medical Expensive Care Prices New Aging Technologies Population

36 Today s Healthcare Coverage Cost Drivers: WSHIP Assessment WA health insurers subsidize funding for the WA State High Risk Insurance Pool (WSHIP). For 2011, WSHIP assessments costs to WA health insurers totaled $64,053,527. Unlike high risk pools in other states, WA extends eligibility to many individuals who would otherwise be covered by state programs, thus shifting more cost risks to private insurers.

37 What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform?

38 What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform? The Affordable Care Act mandates a number of significant changes that will put upward pressure on premiums, including the following 2014 reforms: WA Medicaid Expansion (350,000 to 500,000 people) Rating Requirements Adjusted community rating Age Rate Bands (3:1) Guarantee Issue of Coverage/No Pre-Ex Expanded Benefit Mandate Requirement ( Essential Health Benefits ) Annual Limits Prohibition Risk Adjustment, Reinsurance, and Risk Corridors Health Insurance Tax (HIT)/ACA Assessments and Fees

39 What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform? WSHIP Weak Assessment Incentives 2% WA Premium Tax Cost Shifting Chronic Disease & Lifestyle Sicker, Poorer Populations Expanded Benefits Mandate Rising Medical Care Prices Expensive New Aging Technologies Population Age Rating Health Insurance Exchange Assessment ACA Insurance Fees Maximum, Deductible, CoPay Elimination

40 What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform? The Good News: Good News & Bad News Health reform will bring a significant expansion of people with health insurance. And, after tax subsidies, many people may experience premium decreases. The Bad News: On average, premiums almost certainly will go up --- with some people getting hit hard with large increases. At the Oct 2012 meeting of the WA Health Benefit Exchange (HBE) Board, a representative from the Office of Insurance warned that federal health care reform will create health insurance premium shock in 2014.

41 What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform? Premium Rate Shock Is On the Way Massive regulatory changes are underway due to recent state and federal reform efforts. Implementation of these reforms require major resource expenditures. These cost increases are on top of existing, underlying cost drivers such as rising medical care prices --- which are not being sufficiently addressed. A nationwide Milliman study found that nationwide individual premiums are likely to increase 8% -37% in with a cumulative increase of as much as 122% between 2013 and Premium rate shock will be experienced unevenly by WA residents and will depend on the type of coverage and eligibility for subsidies.

42 What Can We Expect with Healthcare Reform? Premium Rate Shock Is On the Way For Many Premium rate shock will be experienced unevenly by WA residents and will depend on the type of coverage and eligibility for subsidies. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) says 57% of the people in Exchanges will get tax subsidies. That leaves 43% without subsidies to help offset any increase in premium.

43 WA Healthcare Plans Are Working to Support Quality & Affordability

44 WA Healthcare Plans Are Working to Support Quality & Affordability WA Health insurers are involved in numerous innovative projects around the state to improve quality of care and effectively utilize precious healthcare resources, including: Medical Homes Grant Funding for Community Health Projects Bundled Payment Pilots Wellness and Prevention Disease Management Patient Safety Initiatives Administrative Simplification Leadership Advocacy for Quality and Affordability

45 In Conclusion

46 In Conclusion Focusing solely on insurance premiums while failing to address the underlying factors behind today s rising costs will not make coverage more affordable now, or, with implementation of the new health reform law. We need to work together to gain control of major cost drivers --- especially the largest: escalating medical costs.

47 The Association of Washington Healthcare Plans (AWHP) is an alliance of licensed Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO), Health Care Service Contractors (HCSC), & Disability Insurers. Its diverse membership is comprised of local, regional, & national healthcare plans of varying size, serving the needs of consumers, employers, & public purchasers. Together, they provide health care coverage to over 4 million residents of Washington State. AWHP members include: Aetna Amerigroup CIGNA Columbia United Providers Community Health Plan of WA Coordinated Care Group Health Cooperative Kaiser Permanente Molina Health Net Health Plan of Oregon Premera Blue Cross Providence Health Plan Regence BlueShield Soundpath Health United Healthcare

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