USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE SPEAKING ABILITY AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MALANG THESIS

Transcription

1 USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE SPEAKING ABILITY AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MALANG THESIS By: HERDINA LADYCAL SWADHIKA ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2016

2 USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE SPEAKING ABILITY AT TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MALANG This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Language Education By: HERDINA LADYCAL SWADHIKA ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2016

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5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Alhamdulillah, all praises be upon Allah SWT, the Most Beneficent and Most Merciful, due to His blessing, this challenging thesis can be finished properly in the right time. Peace and blessing also be upon Muhammad SAW, the last prophet in the world. In its final accomplishment, I am totally realized that this thesis is still imperfect. Thus, I openly welcome all criticism and constructive suggestions from all parties as the betterment of this thesis. Actually, I would like to express my gratefulness and appreciation to my first advisor, Mrs. Rahmawati Khadijah Maro, M.PEd. and my second advisor, Mrs. Laela H. Nurbatra, MA., M.EdLead. for their patience, advices and encourages during guiding me in finishing this thesis. Additionally, my countless gratitude is dedicated for both of my parents, Ibu Erna Hani Astuti and Bapak Suharto, who ceaselessly offer me with everlasting and peaceable affections. Moreover, my boundless appreciation goes to my sister, Herdian Putri Hastari for his endless supports and nice affection. Lastly, I would like to express my thankfulness for all of my best friends: Okta Dwi Ningsih, Dwi Hartanti, Selvia Heldina Putri, Dyah Ajeng, Nurani Wahyu Putri, Dita Fitriana, Wita Devi Maharani, Evio Tanti Nanita, Sri Wahyuni Ningsih, Ambika Putri Perdani, Dewi Khoirun Nisa Hartono, Mustaghfiroh, Dwi Sari Kurniawati, and Ummi Amatul Firdausi, for their endless help during I accomplish this thesis (sorry if I did not mention all). Malang, November 29, 2016 Herdina Ladycal Swadhika viii

6 TABLE OF CONTENT APPROVAL iii MOTTOS AND DEDICATIONS.. v STATEMENT OF WORK S ORIGINALITY. vi ABSTRACT. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ix LIST OF THE APPENDICES. xii LIST OF THE TABLES. xiii LIST OF THE FIGURES. xiv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research The Research Problem Objective of the Research Significances of the Study Scope and Limitation of the Research The Definition of Key Terms... 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Speaking Classroom Speaking Activities Assessment of Speaking Ability Teaching English at Senior High School ix

7 2.5 Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Technique The Steps of Numbered Heads Together (NHT) CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 3.1 Research Design Research Subjects Research Procedures Planning Acting Observing Reflecting Data Instruments Technique of Data Collection Technique of the Data Analysis Criteria of the Action Success CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 Research Findings Finding of Pre-cycle Finding of Cycle I a. Planning b. Acting c. Observing d. Reflecting x

8 4.1.3 Finding of Cycle a. Planning b. Acting c. Observing d. Reflecting Discussions CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion Suggestions For English Teachers For Students For the Future Researchers REFERENCES 57 APPENDICES xi

9 LIST OF THE TABLES Tabel 3.1 Observation Checklist for Teacher Tabel 3.2 Criteria Percentage Teaching Learning Activity by the Teacher..27 Tabel 3.3 Observation Checklist for Assesing Students Progress Tabel 3.4 Criteria Percentage Students Progress Tabel 3.5 The Rating Score of Oral Test Tabel 3.6 Instrument for Assessing Students Achievement Tabel 4.1 The Result of Observation Checklist Pre-cycle Tabel 4.2 The Result of Speaking Test in Pre-cycle Tabel 4.3 The Result of Observation Checklist in Cycle I Tabel 4.4 The Result of Post-test I Tabel 4.5 The Result of Observation Checklist Cycle II Tabel 4.6 The Result of Post-test II Tabel 4.7 Overall Speaking Test Score During CAR Tabel 4.8 Overall Observation Checklist Result During CAR xii

10 LIST OF THE FIGURES Figure 3.1 Arikunto s Action Research Design Figure 4.1 The Progres of the Students Mean Score from Pre-cycle to Cycle I..41 Figure 4.2 The Progres of the Students Mean Score from Cycle I to Cycle II 49 Figure 4.3 The Progres of the Students Mean Score from Pre-cycle to Cycle II.53 xiii

11 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Appendix 4 Appendix 5 Appendix 6 Research Letter Lesson Plan Cycle I Lesson Plan Cycle II The Procedure of Speaking Test The Guidelines of Observation Checklist for Teacher Observation Checklist for Teacher (Pre- Cycle) Appendix 7 Observation Checklist for Teacher (Cycle I) Appendix 8 Appendix 9 Observation Checklist for Teacher (Cycle II) The Guidelines of Observation Checklist for Assesing Students Progress Appendix 10 Observation Checklist for Assesing Students Progress Pre-Cycle Appendix 11 Observation Checklist for Assesing Students Progress Cycle I Appendix 12 Observation Checklist for Assesing Students Progress Cycle II Appendix 13 Pictures

12 REFERENCES Abas, Diki Setiawan The Effect of Applying Numbered Head Together to Encourage Student s English Speaking Performance. Skripsi. Gorontalo: Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Andari, A. W. D Teaching Speaking Skill Using Numbered Heads Together to 8 th Grade Student of SMP Negeri 2 Gatak 2011/2012. Publication Article. Surakarta: University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Arifin, Zainal Evaluasi Pembelajaran. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. Arikunto, Suharsimin Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Ary, Donald, et, al Introduction to Research in Education: Eighth Edition. Belmont: Wadsworth. Bawn, Susan The Effect of Cooperative Learning on Learning and Engagement. United State: Undergraduate Program of The Evergreen State College Brown, H. Douglas Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy- Second Edition. San Francisco: Longman Creswell, John W Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research- Fourth Edition. Boston.: Pearson education Elfiani, N. I The Use of Numbered Heads Together Method to Improve Students Speaking Skill (A Classroom Action Research of the Second Year Students of MAN Tengaran Semarang Regency in the Academic Year of 2012/2013). Thesis. Salatiga: Undergraduate Program of State Institute of Islamic Studies (STAIN) of Salatiga. Fraenkel, Jack. R and Norman E. Wallen How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. New York: McGraw-Hill Harmer, Jeremy The Practice of English Language Teaching: Fourth Edition. Harlow: Pearson Longman. Harmer, Jeremy The Practice of English Language Teaching: Third Edition. Cambridge: Longman Irianti, S Using Role Play in Improving Students Speaking Ability. A Classroom Action research in The Second Year Students at VIII.1 Class of SMP PGRI II Ciputat. Thesis. Jakarta: Undergraduate Program of States Islamic University of Jakarta 57

13 Kagan, Spencer and Miguel Kagan Cooperative Learning. San Clemente, CA: Kagan Publishing. Kayi, H Teaching Speaking: Activities to Promote Speaking in a Second Language. The Internet TESL Journal, Online, Vol XII, No. 11, November 2006, ( accessed on Maret, 09, 2016). Kusumah, W and Dedi Dwitagama Mengenal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Jakarta: P.T. Index Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2006 Tentang Standart Isi Untuk Satuan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Jakarta. Richard, Jack C and Theodore S. Rodgers Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Richard, J. C Curriculum Development in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Richard, J. C Teaching Listening and Speaking From Theory to Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Sudijono, Anas. Pengantar Evaluasi Pendidikan Jakarta: P.T. Raja Grafindo Persada. Sudjana Metode Statistika. Bandung: P.T. Tarsito. Syawalia, Tania Surya Cooperative Learning In Subject English Reading Skill (A Quasi Experimental Study on the First Grade in Private Senior High School). Jakarta: Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Thornburry, Scott How To Teach Speaking. Edinburgh Gate: Longman. 58