" "" FACEBOOK #$%&'# ()*$ ". &'. +, ! iii
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- Lilian Henry
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1 FACEBOOK! 2011 i
2 ii
3 " "" FACEBOOK #$%&'# ()*$ ". &'. +,! 2011 iii
4 (COPYRIGHT) Copyright, '! 2011 #$-+&. #! /$($0!. All rights reserved. '($! #1$(*!! # * #$($! ($ #/0 "$/$(+ 1&$(+ #$ +# / #/&0$ #$*! ($ #/1* # 2 -' ( '! *!. iv
5 .,!.,.!. " # $. %! $. &,!. v
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7 $(3 /$($0 (copyright)... iv 1$!... v &2... vi $3(... ix "$3... x -$!... xi -3&$ 1: $* &$ 2: $-* %&*! ($ &'! $-* %&*! #$&* /$/$((+ ($$(+ /$( ($ &'! $(3 * &$ 3: 4$( &$ $ $ ($$( ($ /$/$(( ($$( /( $$( /( "$/$(( ($$( /( $('! '! &$ 4: )/&$ " '! )/& '! &$ 5: #&' #&' $(*! 5! #&' $$(*! 5! &' #! &' #! $ "..". -$* $ &+ # ($$(+ /(; &$ 6:,* vii
8 -3&$ 7 : #3 ($ &&$(* # &&$(* $%&$ * *$! & viii
9 (! 1: /$(# //' (! 2: "..". # $ -$'! '1 &$ (# ) (! 3: $ 1*! Facebook (# ) ix
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acebook #& &+ "..".. 4 #+ 1($! $(* 3( $ (3) 3)# 1,! /$/'$!.+ 10 /$0! '$ "..". )0#. 5 # $( #&(*! /$/$((*! ($$(*! /$(+! #& # ( $! /$-$(*! &! $ (3) 3 3& #$! $ ($ /$-'. 3 #(3 /$( ##$( ($. Facebook 3,$ &$! /$+/! «Friends» /! '$ $ $/$ %&$(* %+ * 1' #/$$. 1+$! 1($!! $ ##$( ($! * *#! 1$; ' # ' ) 1 3 #'1$ 1*! #-& 1' #'1$,! ()$*,*. #, ) #&)+ * ) #2, 1$( %&$( $ "-$&$(0" 1' # -'$ ' # Facebook. 4 &+ # # #$($+ $ 1*!! 1
13 -&! #'1 &! Facebook. (&+)!, ) &* & $ # 3 "..".! -$* $ #&+ #$ # 3 ($$(+ /$(+ ()$*,*. ) $ ##3)$ #&! 1' # #31 /( 3& $! /$##$('! 1'$! ()$!. «(,.»() *, 2010,.20) #$&%3$ #$-* #%&*! ($ ($ &'!. (&+)! $ -3 )$( #&$, /&/*,$ (3#$! '$! ($ #$3,$ %$%&$-$(* ( #. '1$ #$3,$ / ($ )/& # - ( $ /$(#! '!. $3,$ ($ &+$ #&' # (0)( ' # #(! ($ /$3. ' # #&' 3&& # $ 0 #'$ $,* ($ +($ #&' ##3)( #. '&!, #31 #3 # (#*)( ()0! #! ($ * $ &&$(* '. 2
14 2: 2.1!" #$%#& ('! '! '1 $ ($( #* Facebook. $$(3 $1 # #-'$ Facebook -'$ $ '!! -& (3) 1* $ 130 -&$. $('! '! ##3).$*! -&! +! /$3-! (! #!! #$ ($+! -&!,! +! ($! 3!(Fono and Raynes-Goldie, 2006; Thelwall, 2008). 8! $ '! /.-+ # '$! -$&!, $)'! ##)+ /$* #(! -$& #$&%3! ( ($ 3 3. $ #$ &! 3 3 1(,$ friends ($ / /#$+$ %3 (3#$ ($ 1($$( ; * -'$ #$( & # #31 (3#$ #-&! 1*; #$ (3 #$3,$ $ /$-$(* #'$.$! -&. $ /# # #31 &! -$* 3& 1' #'1$ -$*!,! ()$*,*. 2.2 '$#! #( #)*)#( (# "..". # ) &) #1$(* $ Facebook. Facebook '1$ #$! # 500 (+$ 1*! ($ #& /+ /-$&' $&/ #$(2$ $! &! 12 *! (+$!-3$!) +#(Alexa). #0 $&/ #$(2$ ('1$ Google. (! # ($$(3 /( 3& #$(2$! Msn $ /'( )', Twitter /'(, LinkedIn $(* ($ MySpace (*. #$&* Facebook! &'!! ($0$ ($ ' # /$)* %$%&$-. +. Facebook '1$ 25 (+$ '! 1*! (3) *. (Donlin, 2010). 8!, # & # Facebook #(3 10! ' '& 3
15 # &$# "..". ##)+ (*! 1*! #! # $ (Demetz et al., n.d.). Facebook $ ' "..". # /$ /! 1*! #$($+.+! /$3-! #! ()0! #! ($ ) #&-! $! -&!!. #! #'1$ #&&'! 3&&! /! #! #$1/$, (,, ' $ /$3- (&#. +- $&/ Alexa # (3-$ /$( $&/ /$/( 1! #*!! 1* $ #$(* #(2 $ ## 32 , -$0! 37 / &# $ (3) #%&* &/! )!+, $-,& & 1 $ /$/$((3 ($$(3 /( '1 $%3&$ 1/ #+. 1&, ##$*$, #$. $ #' /)+ 3 # %($ &! +!! 10! #0 ) 1($+! Friends ($ (&+)! ) /)+. *#!! ) #+ $ $ #& #$(0 1' 0; 1*! '1$ / /$ $ &. 1! / /#$*$ 3 3 (! ) #+ /$1$$ ($ (&+. 4 0$, ' ($%* $) $ 3 # #31 (3) 3/ #/$. ) %)+ &0$ (3#$ 3/ # '1$ &31$ 3 0,$ #&+ #$. 8 1*! '1$ $ & $ /+(& (3) -3 )3$ #! 3/! ) #+ /$)+ 3& 1' #'1$, ()'.1$3. & #'1 $ '! $ Facebook +#, / '1$ ) #' 0 #$! (! #+ 1 3 # #31 &! -$* Facebook 3& $! /$##$('! /$&%'! 1'$! # '1$.+!. $$ $ $ #$! #! (/&0$ #-* -$* 3 #'1$ & Facebook 3& ( # *(;! ('$ /$-' &&3 ($ #$'$ 1&)0 (($' )'. #!, #$&* )'! + #)'$ */ #31 %$%&$-. 4
16 $ '! $ #! '$ +# 1&*)( /$3- )' # -+ Facebook, 1$! $! /$##$('! /$&%'! 1'$! Facebook. 1&*)( 1* $&/ ($$(*! /$(+! $ #0) ($ /$ ($$(, #$1$$( &&3 ($ (/7( ##/. '&. #' $ $('! -'! (3#$ 1($$(3 (#1. #&$$$('! /$-'!) #&+ ($ $1 $ #/1* * # $2 $&/ ($$(*! /$(+! (,*, 2010). &' (3 # $ +#$$ '-%$ $ ()$'$ Facebook #! $ $ (3 ()$'$. #*)( #! $ $ +#$$ / /$3, /$#$* ##$(3! //' ($ ()+ /$3-! ($/+! (*, 2010). ' Taraszow et al (2008) (3 # $ +#$$ '$ $ )$'$ $! $&/! ($$(*! /$(+! #! $ $ ( %). %$ $ "..". #-'! 1*!! #$($, &&* #&-$0 ($ #&&'! 3&&! /$! ##0!! ( 1 # ()$!. $3,! $! #$ #3 '! $.(3)! $ / #31$ (3#$ #& 1' ($$(3 /( $ +#. $+ $ #31$ ($ &) (($' )' #$( ##/ -+ "..". ($ (($' Facebook.($3 $3 $3 #$ ()$ (3) )0# /$3-! #!. $ #$ -'$ # $ #&3! 1*! Facebook ($ # 3&& 3 # ## & #/ '1 &$ ) (+ (3$ $ ' # /$ -, & * ( ($ /$%3 (3$ -/. $ #3/$, 3 # ) $ (3$ #'$ ' Facebook. * ) #+ #$%%$) * 1$ 1($! Friends #/$ # Facebook. $ 1'$! '! / #+ ($)+ ' # &'. Friends $ /! 1'$! /$+$; #$ # /$+$ '! $ 1'$!; 2.4 ),. *% $(3 * # ) #)+ #$ (3' $.*!: - $ /$/$((3 ($$(3 /( 1$#$+ $ +#$$ -$'! ($ #$ %) ; 5
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18 3: / #$ (3 (-3&$ ) $ -3 /$3-! $+! ()0! #! ($ #&' 1$(0 0 )'!! %#1! # #)*)+ + #)*)+ 1# #)*)+ 1# $ #' &+ ($ &* /$/$((3 ($$(3 /( #'#$ #0 /+ $ $ ($$(3 /(. $ $3(! ($ & (2010), ($$( /(!.*!: «5 ($$( /( [ ] 0 $ ' +&, #! ($ 3/, #3&&& $ ($ (3$ #&+ #$ : ' (($' +& /' 3 '&! 3/!. $ /, ($ $/$ %!, $ 13 #&+ #$ $( # /$ 3. #$'# $! 3/! (3 #3 # ) * /+ $ ' +/ +&. $ ($$( /.+ $ +& $ $1 # 3)$ &0. $ $ (* # # &$+ /(, ($ $1 $ $/$ %!» (&. 28). $ Boyd ($ Ellison (2008), ($$(3 /(! #! #/ 3 / ((3 ' / $ #-& ' ' $)' +. "$+ $ &! #! &&3, #&-! ($ '1 / &'1 %3, $ /$$ &&3 ($ 3 #'1 &. o ($$( /( #& $ ($$(* +) # #&$ # 3/! )0# $ #! '1 ' ($ 1($$(. 3 3 /'$.+! $ * #$! -'! &&&.3!. $ #3/$ ' 3 # /'$ 3 # /&$3, 3 # $('$ * -&!. #! # 3 /'$.+! # $ $ #&* $ (1& /) $ $($(* 1' ($1 /). $$( /( $ (3#$ 3 # #& ##$*$, 1&*, $ -&$ (&#.! ($$( /( /$*)( # J. Barnes (1954). -'$ $ ($$( /( $ $ ($$('! 1'$!.+ ( % ($ /0. $ ( %$ $ $ #$'! #3! /$(+ 0 $ / $ $ 1'$!.+. / /0.+ ( % #$(& 3& $! 1'$! # #31. 7
19 #)*)+ 1# $ $! "..".; 0! /$-'$ # ($$( /(; $! $ $ /! ##'1$! 1*! $ #$.3$ ()$3; ($$(* /$(+ ' /$/$(+/$/,$ #&+ $1 & /$3-!!. "..". #+1)( /$3-! $&/! 3 3% Web Web 1.0 1*! 1 &31$! /! 1*! ($ # #+ (3$ * #$('#$ (3#$! &/!, 0 # $-'$ #+ 3$! /! 1*!. /$/$(( ($$( /( '1$ /$ 1($$(3 ($$( /( $(* /$-3 $ 1$#$$ /$/( ($ (($' /$3-! $&/! $10. $(3 #/ #&+ Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn. "..". #-' (3) 1* #! '1$ &$ 3 $ /$(* ##$(* &/. (3) 3 /$ '#-&. &/ * 1*! '1$ / (- #! )'&$, %3$ $! --! ($ % #! )'&$. #! # %&'#$ %3, 3 # '1$ & #-&! ($ 1&$3,$ 3 #$). ##$(* &/ (3) 1* # 1($! '! ( %! #! /'$ 3&& 3. (($' ## 3 # 1*! '1$ #-&. "..". Facebook 3 3 1(,$ Friends & - ) & /$)'! ##/ '1 $ #&&'! '! + # ".."., / '1 ($#$) 3 # 1*! '1$ & 3& 1' # '1$,! ()$. " '1$ $ (3#$ /! #& 1' 0. ' # #&$ ', Thelwall (2008) -'$ -$& # #31$ "..". ($ (($' MySpace 1*! &$(! 14 '! $ -3 #' Fono & Raynes-Goldie(2005), $! &! $! #! #)' $ 1*! '! -&!. $ & $ $: '$ /&/* $ (3 -&! $ 1*! #$/* ##)+ -+! * /-$&!. $ #$($ 3&&! )0#! $ '! ( &! * ($ /$* $ /$/$((* ($ 3 # )'&. #!, $ 1*! Facebook 8
20 #)' -&! $ '1 #$($ 3 # #$%3&&! * $ (+ #-* #&$+! -&!! (Ellison, 2007). $ %$! &! -$*; *#! $ & $ /$-' * $ $ /$$; $ Fono and Raynes-Goldie (2006) ##3) &+ $! /$3$!! -$&!, 0!! $ $(3 3 # #31 * & # $ #& * ($ 3, 3 / #+ 1($+! -&$. 5 3&& #' # ('&. *! $ #$! -&! 1 (3#$! ($$( /( #$ ($$(3 &($(! $ (Tong et al, 2008). #!, #*)( * 3 3 /$+ #$! /+! ' "..". #3 ()$*!,* ($ 3 3 &$! -&! #$(*!,* '1 #$! -&! ($$( /( (Utz, 2010). $ '! '! '/$. $ #$ #&&+! -&! 1 (3#$! 1*! Facebook #$ & #$($+,! 3 3 /$+ (+! &&3 /+! '! +#(! /+!. $ '! $ #! -$& # #31$ ($$(3 /( $ $ '! Fono & Raynes-Goldie (2006) ($ Thelwall (2008). ' Fono & Raynes- Goldie (2006) 3& -$& /$3-! /$3$! ($$( /( Livejournal. '&. $ $ /$3$! '! #+ $+ #3 (!.! #$1 /&/* 1*! )$ $ (3 #%($ (3#$! -&! ),! #//'! #1'! # 1*! )$ ' (3#$-& 1! $ //'! * #$($,.! /$/$((* ($ # 1*! $0)$ $ * & -& # $ #-& /$ $ $(* ($ ($ # #$($! -&! # )'&$. $ ' /$3 $ #$+. 1*! '1$ / #$&'.$ 3 # ) #)'$ &.! 3( $ #1* %*)$! # 1*! # #$($*$! -&! $ %)* (3$ #)'&$ *! /*& - #.*$! -&! #&3 ($ $ /.$! # &$#! $ $ /-$&*!. '&!! $ 3 '1$ -&! /( # $ (3$ $ 1*. O Thelwall (2008) 1$# $! /$3$! '! ($ ' # 0 $ 1*! #)'$ -&! & ".."., ('&. #' $ 1*! $0)$ #$'$ ($ )'&$,$ $ $ +. /#$0!! -&! +! -'$ $ (3#$! '1$ 200 -&!, /+ '! ' $ $ #$ ($, 10 '! 90 $ ($ #3 # 90 $ 9
21 3$. $)'! Boyd (2006) -'$ $ $ & $ $! #! 1*! #)'$ -&! & /$-' 3& $ * 1$ $ 3 /-$&' & #&! $ 3 $ #$( -&$, (&+)! # $, '&! $('$ * 3/&-$. 5 & $ # #)' -&! #& $ $ ($$(3 &3)! #2 (3#$ 3 #, (+$! &! $ # 1*! #)'$ $ $ #$+$ $ '1$ #&&+! -&! (3$ /1$ /-$&*! #-&. 9&&$ & $ $! $ $ '! #! (/*&! #3)$! $ (3#$ 3. #! & -& #(&+#$ #$! $ 1*! ($ #3&&& /$ 1* / %&'#$ #$ 3. 1!!! *! $ /# #%($ & -$* (! #) /$)+ 3& $! 1'$! #'1.+! 3. #1$(* /) &) -$& Facebook #! 1 (3$ Fono ($ Raynes- Goldie (2006), + ) 1$#$)! -&$. 4 &)+ $ /$&%'! /$##$('! 1'$! ( Friends ) #'1$ -$*!... &$ Facebook. (($', 1' #'1$ (3) 1*!! -&! ($ #! (/&0$ 1' *. 4 /$)+ (! 3& $! #*$! 10 ($ ).$)+ 3 $! (! '! 3& $ $ 1*. '1$ ) &) #! # $ #$($.+! (3) 3/! #/$$ # (3) -$*. 4 $.$! &! #-&! 1* Facebook /$3-! (! -'! 1' # '1$ 1*! (($' 3 ()$*,*. 8& 3 3 #,$ 1*! -'$! ($$( (-3&$. ($$( (-3&$ $ ' /( $ #$ $ //'$.+! $1+! * /+! /+!.,$! «3)$ # #, #$(3 * $($(3, #)$ ' ' 3 * $ 3/ #$/* /$)'$ ' )($( /( #$ * &$ ))'! 1'$! $%! $! ($ 0$!» (Bourdieu ($ Wacquant 1992,.119). 3& $! 1'$! #'1.+! 3 $ / #+ 1($+! bridging (1&) *! 10
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23 4: / (-3&$ 4 #$3,$ )/& '! # (&)*)( $ &' ($ ($0$ -'! %$%&$- (&&&! $ $1! -*! #%&* !% - )& +/! $ ' 3&)( ' &($(+ 1/ &!! ##1$(+! -$'!.... &$(3 * $'!. :( & $ 339 -$'!! &(&* $ 292 -$'!. # # ($! -$0 * 16.2%. ##/ #$+! #&3 & * 96% #$)0$ -3&! 5.5% # #$#!1 - )& )/&! '! $ /$(#! #1$(*! * $(*: #$(* ($ #$$(*. 1$( & #'& ' /' & $ *$! (! (&$+ +#. & $ #$&3% 24 *$! (%&. 3-*$! &). $ *$! '! /$+ $ $(* $( $ $ %$ 3 #'1$ (3) 1*! Facebook ($ 3 #,$ #$(*,*. '1$ '$ $ #$&$(* -* 6 3 # / * -$'!... *! ##1$( -$'! 3&& ##$*$. 3 &&* 6 0 & &&3 ($ 1& # 3 3 3&&. /$+# (3#$! *$! $! #! / (&3%$ 3. #! /# $! *$!. 0 1$( *$! 1! #$/*# /# 3 $* 0 /$+ 6 )$('!!. $ )$('!! & *: #$-*! '!, ##$(3 $1, /$/$((3 ($$(3 /(, #$($ Facebook ($ ()$*!,*, 1'$! Facebook ($ 1* '.. (&+)! /$+ &$ Survey Monkey '% & $, # $ -$'! #&* 0 ($ * #%3$ $ ' * # $! 12
24 8/02/2011 '1$ $! 7/03/ /! & 3&)( &!! ##1$(+! -$'!... &($( 1/. & 0 & * 3 -$*! /$- '1$ $ '. $ #$ 3& #*. '1$ 3,2 &, &$(3 40, # ) *)& '1 #$' '. ' 1! Excel. "#& # (3) 3 #)' ' +. $). ')/! #&*! 1! /$&2! #'&. /. "&/* 3 RANDBETWEEN Excel #$&'1)( (&+)! #$($0 3 $ '.. $ +.$! * '.$ #-* 3 ($ #' ' . &! $ # #'&. #3($ +.$! ' $ $ 3! $0)$ (&+ (- #! )'&$ # & &&3 ($ 1 # /$! )'&$. '. * $-/'. *! $3,$ (3#$ )' # )'&$ #3$ #*$! 1! #31$ * / $3 # ) #)+(,+(!, 2007). ' # (&& '.! # #$1 $ & )3 #,*)( $! +.$!. &! $ # #'&. /! '.! $ $ /$ #$ &) 3 # '1$ (3$ #)0 $ $ # $ #'$ 3 (- #$ +(&. $ +.$! $ 3 3&! 3&&!, /&/* 3 #(/$(#! (3) '.!. 3 /$/$(! 13-!! (3) '.! 0! %$( #3 # ) #&$* ($ * //'! Facebook. '/$ / #*$ #$ -*$ (3#$! *$!. &&* & +. /$*)( ( &) 1* (/$(#!. 13
25 1)& 1: * #'#1,0, #%-)*) ) # - + ( -.&. 3) Facebook $ Facebook; -, «6)$( /$ $ *% -& #» ('... 4) - )$$( «online 24!, upload» - #! 1&$! 3&& ( #.#. 5) «... - ' #1*! /3 #$($! Facebook! $» ( #.#. 6) «#&3.$( &-3 Facebook $ ' /3 $&» ('... 1). # $ - «! $» ( -.&. Facebook 1) Facebook ; -# -# -/ «!» ( #.#. 3) «$» ( #.#. 4) «500 $!» ( -.&. 2) ' ( - 0 «$ 1!» ( #.#. 4)! - 6)+ -$* #$1/$ «&+ '! # +! $ ''1*$$''.. (#! &'$ ''FARM 14
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27 5: (-3&$ #$3,$ (3#$ #$-$(3 $1 # #&' &. '1$ #31 ##3 # $! +.$!. #&' &+$ #0! $3 $(3 * # ')( #$ # '# $-0% #0#& 3 )&. #)*). 1. 0,& #& ' # 3& & #'(2 ( &) #&': #$-$(3 $1 # #*1 1* & '/ #3 #0 $( 0. $ $ "..". # 1$#$+ $ +#$$ -$'! ($ #$ %) 1$#$+ ()' # 3; $ #*$! $ #! / )( ($0 ($ #$&* (($' "..". $ &'. 8#! -$ ($ ( 2 3 #+ #$&'.$ #$! # $ #$&'!. Facebook 94.2% ('1$ #0 )' 3 # &$# "..".. (&) Hi5 # 19.6%. Donlin (2010) -'$ $ '1$ (3#$! &$ Facebook $ ($ '1$ (3#$! ($ &'-. 3$ % & 1 # #&*)( /$/$((3 $! '! &$! /#*)( 1* Facebook. & $ #*)( # 22.4% 3! ($ 77.6% (!. 1)& 2:... 0 #'#1 # "#,-& -#) $#!0%+ ('.),0) 326.#%) 1 /'$! $ -$'! "..". #'1 &$ ; 5 3& # -$0 -'$ $ /'$ Facebook ()$3 (70.5%). /&0$ $ Facebook #& $ 1* 1 & (3) -$* ()$* %3. (($' 10.2% $ $ //' Facebook, 16
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37 3 3 / #$($ &&3 )! 1) 1 $ #&&3 ')&$! #=# ) $ $! 1*)( /$(3! ')&$. 3$, &$! Facebook # )! '&$# ) * #$($ 3 # '-$ ($ ()$! &&3 ($ )! #$'$! # $0)$ %&'#$ $ (3 $ +!. 1 #... # "#, 1) %!$( # '+ # #)*)#( # 1#; 8#! #$3( ($ #$ #$ "..". -$* /$-'$ 3& %) # ($$( /(. ($$( /( -$* $ (3 #$ $( # "..".. $ #$! &! %$ ; *#! $ (3#$! '1$ &! -&! "..". $ &$ ($$(3 &($(! # (3#$ # 1 #$! (Tong et al., 2008); ' # #$$(* ' / )( #3 $( 0. 0 * $ #$! &! "..". -$* $ #$ 3& # $ ($$( /(; #3 # -'$! $ 3 $ #$ ($$(3 &($( #$%%$0$ ($ &' ##! /+ #)'! 1! $ $0$ $ #$)! #-& $ 2+$(. *#! &! $ # #&*)! ($$(+ /$(+ "..". $ $ $ -$'! )+ #$ +(& ' # "..". /$)+ -$&!; $! $ $ $! $ $! #! $ #3/$ 3 # '1$ (0 -&! #$(*,* ($ 412 Facebook(&' #! 2); $ & $ $! #! -$*! #)'$ 10! ' 3 #-& #$(&. (3) 3 ##).#*$ (3#$! /$(+!! 1!. &' ##! 1! 1! 1 #)*$ &'. #+ (3$ /$+! &#'$! $ (/&0$! $! #! /$3 %3,! (3$ /$( Facebook. &' ##! 2, $0 $0)$ -3&$ %&'#$ $ %($ ($ 3&& 3 Facebook. %)3$ #13$ #$(*!,*. Facebook #& $ * # # '!!,*!! &&3 ($! ()$!!. 8#! -'$ /$ #&+ #$ +(& ) #+ &(&0$ $!, $! #$'! 0!! '! (#1. 3 #..). %$ $ %&'#$ ($ 3&& 3 //' Facebook 26
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41 6: 5 (-&$0!, 3 # #$ #3' ($.* #&3 #0 (-3&$ ) $ $,* ()0! #! ($ +($ #&' 3&& 0. #! -'$ #&$! '! # '$ ($ ') * 3 $ &&$(* ' # '1$ / #)'$ $1. * / #&,* $ /#. 8#! -')( ($ #$ #3 Thelwall (2008) ($ $ Fono ($ Raynes-Goldie (2006) /$+ (3#$ #& 0 $3,! (! 1$!. * /$ $ /$-$(* /$3! &!! -$* ' # #'$ ##$3,$ )'. #& ##(+#$ $ $! (! /$$ #! /$!! -$'!, 1$#$$ )#($(* #'$ $3,! $! 3/! # &&&#$/3 -$*!. (($', $ (! $! #! #+ /#$)+ 3 # #31 &! -$*... Facebook $ ($$(! (+(&!, ##$(! (+(&!, ##$$(! (+(&! ()0! #! ($ $ 3$. & # $ 3/! '! /$-', / &&3,$ #! # #$&' #$($+! +!. 0 Facebook #-'$ '.$ /! #$($! &! $ 3/!,.$+!! 3/! 3$, 1$#$+ chat ($ like #&+ &+ %) # $ $! # &$#! /! (post, #&* 3, #&* #(&* (&#.). 8#! '1$ -) ($ #&' $)! # -$*! /$ $1* 1' $ #&+ $(! +($! -&! #'1$ #-&. #! #&$2- )' #3 $ 3 #,$ $ , # &$# 3 *)! $ 3 * / #$($0 #'! Dunbar '$! $)! # # /$) $ #$(* 1' $ ($ 3 $)! & $ 2*-$! / &&3,$ $)! Dunbar. %$ $ $ /$) $ 1' #'#$ #31$ -/ 1'. " # &($(* #$($ (&+2$ $! #$('! 3(! $! 1'!. «$ &'.$! $ &$)'!! ' 3$.,$ 1&$! &'.$! (3) '» (Dunbar, 2010). # -$*! 30
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43 # -$0 #3 $ / #$($+ ()&!! Facebook * (! /$/$(+ (#.1. /$##$(* #-*, &'-) #$! # 200 -&! # '1 #-&! /#+ '1 3 3 &!. 8#! -')( ($ #$ #3 $ & $ # $! $ -$*! )'&$ #.$ /$3- #$1/$ ($ $ ##).*$! -&!. <! '#$ ) (3#$ -$&! # '1 &$ * ( ($ 1$#$ /( $ ##$( -&!. $ #3/$ #(& ( /$3-! (/&0$! #) $3,$ * &%3$ #&-! $! +. ' ) #+ #)'$ ' #'$ # Thelwall (2008) /$0! $ #& 1' -&! 1* Facebook. 0 * $ 1*! MySpace #)'$ -&! ($ $ (1! #*$! * $ $ $(! * /-$&*!. '1$!, 0 3& 3 3 %*( $ (3#$! '1$ 200 -&! /+ '! ' $ $ #$ ($, 10 '! 90 $ ($ #3 # 90 $ 3$. /0 ) #+ 3 3 # #&3 $! $('! (! &&3 ($#$+$ 3& $! /$##$('! 1'$! # '1$ 1*! 3 3. ($# * $ /$-$(*! #'$! - $3,$ $! /$##$('! 1'$! # -$*! -'$ $ '1$ ($ 1$ /$0! #(! -$&. -$& $ $ '$ # / # #&'($ 3 3 $)'! $ 1($+ / 3 -&$ #'#$, (3 (&3 '! 3&&. 32
44 7 : 6.1 %'.0% (-&$0!, ##1$(! -$*!... /'$ "..". Facebook ('! 0!! '! && "..". &31$ 3 1&+$ 3. -$*! /$ '$! 3/! #-& 3 # %($ & Facebook. &+ 3/ #& ($$(! (+(&!. (&)+ ##$(! (+(&!, ##$$(! (+(&! ($ $ 3$. #! #$($! #! ($1 & 3 3 -$* $ chat ($ like. $)'!, #$($ $ 1/ +#( $*! $0)$ 3(.3$ ($$( (-3&$ 3! ( ($ 3 3 &. $ & $ #$(&. $( $ /$('/ ' #$1$/$0, ##$( -&! * ( ($ $ /1$ $ '1$ #&&+! -&!. $$! '! #'&! $ & #$$' 1 ' ' (($' "..". #'& #+ $()+ #3 * ($ #3.$ +($ 3&& "..". (, & 1 / #*. / $ #-* #$ # 11 3 $ '. '$ 0 -)+ #$ $ & $ $! #! "..". -$* $ #&+ #$ 3& # ($$( /(. 6.2 $$#) 3 ) '&& ) #+ $ ' # ) 1&) $)* 10 ($$(+ /$(+(Valenzuela, 2008). - $)! & Facebook $ (3 &+! # $ ()$*,*, $ #$#0$! #$-'$,*!; $0) -3&$ * -3&$ 3 Facebook (Grude et al., 2006); ' # ' -3( $ $(3 3 $0) -3&$ %($ Facebook $ # $0) $ #+ #$($* 3&& 3. #$ %) $1+$ 3&& 3; + $! #&-!! (3#$ # * 1$; #! ) * (3 /$-' &) #! # Facebook #3,$ #$-3! 1* /$/$((3 ($ 33
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46 $$,)+!$*00, $#!"1,*,. (2010). )!. &*-)( # godigital2010-$('! "$#&$('!!: (2007). #. -,. &*-)( # : *,. (2010). ()$'$ $ +#$$ '-%$ Facebook $(3 * # ' $+ Cyberethics $ -3&$ /$/(. &*-)( # : d=916 #(3,. (2008). (1 $ ' /3!: ' )/&$( #&$.$#. Open Education - The Journal for Open and Distance Education and Educational Technology, 4(1). &*-)( # : $3(!,. & &,. (2010). //'$- (#&($(* /+ ($$(0 /$(+ ($ #0! 3 /$-0,*!. )*: 3#. 6 )+!$*00, $#!"1 Asilo, J., Justine, M. & Jerremiah, R. (2010) The influence of social networking sites on the interpersonal relationships of rogationist college students. &*-)( # Interpersonal-Relationships-of-the-Students-of-Rogationist-College-High-School Department-S-Y Bernardo A., Daniel M., Fang W. (2009). Social networks that matter: Twitter under the microscope. First Monday, 14(1-5). "$)'$ : 35
47 63 Bourdieu, P. & Wacquant, L. (1992). An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Chicago and London: Univ of Chicago Press. Boyd, D. & Ellison, N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13: doi: /j x Boyd, D. (2006). Friends, Friendsters, and MySpace Top 8: Writing Community Into Being on Social Network Sites. First Monday, 11(12). Brzozowski, M. J., T. Hogg, et al. (2008). Friends and foes: ideological social networking. Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. Florence, Italy, ACM: &*-)( # : Demetz, L., Heinrich, B. & Klier, M. (n.d.) Analyzing the impact of new features on users communication activities in online social networks. &*-)( # : Donlin, C. (2010). Want to be Facebook Friends? The Growth of Social Media and Its Potential Impact on Legal Proceedings in Connecticut. Connecticut Lawyer. Dunbar,R (#, 2010) Robin Dunbar: we can only ever have 150 friends at most (,). # $ : Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C. & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students' use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4). Ellison, N., Lampe, C., Steinfield, C. & Vitak, J. (2010). A networked self: Identity, community and culture on social network sites. In Z. Papacharissi (Ed.), With a little help from my Friends: Social network sites and social capital ( ). New York: Routledge. Fono, D., Raynes, K. (2005). Hyperfriendship and beyond: Friendship and social norms on Livejournal. Association of Internet Researchers, Chicago. 36
48 Fono, D., & Raynes-Goldie, K. (2006). Hyperfriendship and beyond: Friendship and social norms on Livejournal. In Internet Research Annual Volume 4: Selected Papers from the Association of Internet Researchers Conference. New York: Peter Lang. &*-)( # : Granovetter, M. (1983). The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited. Sociological Theory, 1, &*-)( # : Grude, A., Scholl, M. & Thompson, R. (2006). Privacy on Facebook. &*-)( # : Molnar, S., Kollanyi, B. & Szekely, L. (n.d.) $$(3 "( ($ $ "$(+. The Information Society Course Book, &*-)( # : Steinfield, Charles, Ellison, Nicole, & Lampe, Cliff. (2008). Social capital, self-esteem, and use of online social network sites: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29 (6). Taraszow, T., Arsoy, A., Shitta, G. & Laouris, Y. (2008). How much personal and sensitive information do Cypriot teenagers reveal in Facebook? Proceedings of 7th European Conference on e-learning, Ayia Napa, Cyprus. &*-)( # : Thelwall, M. (2008). Social networks, gender and friending: An analysis of MySpace member profiles. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59 : &*-)( # : Tong, S. T., Van Der Heide, B., Langwell, L. & Walther, J. B. (2008). Too Much of a Good Thing? The Relationship Between Number of Friends and Interpersonal Impressions on Facebook. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13: doi: /j x Utz, S. (2010). Show me your friends and I will tell you what type of person you are: How one's profile, number of friends, and type of friends influence impression formation on social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 15:
49 Valenzuela, S., Park, N. & Kee, K. (2008) Lessons from Facebook: The Effect of Social Network Sites on College Students Social Capital. 9 th International Symposiun on Online Journalism. &*-)( # : Wade,M.(2005). Theories Used in Research-Social Network Theory. &*-)( # : -&,!-& Alexa-The web information Company: Raosoft- Sample size calculator: Facebook-$$(3 $1: 38
50 *0 & *,%#$#!1# # $ ( ) # +& * 5!! " " #$3 # ( &) "$/$((3 $$(3 "( /$)'$! &$ ; 1 -$0$! ##! $10! '1$! &$ ; $$(*! "$(+!! #! Facebook $ #0 $&/ #) #$(-! #$! Internet; # /0 ($ # ($ 1$#$! Facebook; $ # $! #(3 #3$! #$3-$ (&+;(#$-*! 1'! Facebook 1* #&$*) $! $ (+$! &! $ # 1$#$! Facebook; Facebook $! ) * (&+! #! #$($! $ ' 3 *)&! #$($*$! (3#$ 3; $ ) '&! $ $ $ ($ -&$ ()$*,*; $+$! $ Facebook $ #&+ $( $: /$+! 3/! 3& 1' # '1$!,!, ($#$0! 3 #'1$! Facebook, #$! ) * '! $ 3/!; ## #) #$)+! #$($*$! ' Facebook (3#$ 3 # $ */ online Facebook, #! ) #$($+!; 8 $! (3#$ ' 3,*,,! Facebook; $, $; 39
51 # o! #! -&! #'1$! Facebook ($ # 13 #$($!,! ' Facebook ; # o! #! -&! #'1$! Facebook ($ # 13 #$($!,! (! /$/$(+(#.1./$##$(* #-*, &-0); Facebook! -&! '1$! Facebook;! # $! -$&$('! 1'$! #$( (.( Facebook: # 3 3 # '1$! Facebook *( $! #$ (3(!: 0! #$($! #$ (3 3! Facebook; $ ($3! ' 3 #$ &$! -$&! (friend request); #$ # #$&'$! (!! -&! Facebook; 4 *)&! '1$! '. ' internet * # #--# #; )'&$! '1$! $ #$' 1* ' #&0, */($ &'-. 40
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