DOCTORAL PROGRAMME IN BUSINESS STUDIES CURRICULA FOR MAJOR SUBJECTS

Transcription

1 DOCTORAL PROGRAMME IN BUSINESS STUDIES CURRICULA FOR MAJOR SUBJECTS

2 STRUCTURE OF THE DOCTORAL PROGRAMME IN BUSINESS STUDIES General scientific and methodological studies (5 ects quantitative or qualitative methodology studies compulsory) 25 ects Doctoral thesis Research plan Doctoral seminars Tutorials Seminars arranged by graduate schools in business studies 180 ects Doctoral dissertation Major studies 30 ects Studies in the field of research Studies required inthe curriculum of the major subject Optional studies Philosophy of science / research ethics Methodological studies General scientific studies University pedagocial studies Minor subject if preferred 5 10 ects In total 240 ects

3 Doctoral Progarmme in Business Studies comprises all the major subject areas of the Faculty of Business Studies. Students of the Doctoral Programme can aim for the following degrees: Doctor of Science in Economic and Business Adminsitration, Licencate of Science in Economic and Business Adminsitration or Doctor of Philosophy. More information about the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies can be found at: General instructions concerning the doctoral studies Doctoral studies of the members of the Graduate School contain a minimum of 25 study points (ECTS) of common general scientific and methodological studies. A part of these studies are organized by the Graduate School and a part by the study subject. In the latter case, they can also be considered as a part of major subject studies (more specific info in the major subject s curriculum). A student may also complete additional courses offered by the Graduate School to support his/her own topic area. Doctoral studies must also contain studies offered by national or international graduate schools. All doctoral students must present their work, or parts of their work, and act as a commentator in research seminars organized by the Department or Graduate School. In addition to these internal seminars, students are expected to present their work minimum of two times in national or international research forums. Before their own defence the students have to attend at least three defences in their field of research and compile an analysis report on each of these. It is recommended to include a period of researcher exchange in the study plan. Depending on the content and duration of researcher exchange, it may contribute 3-5 Ects to the degree. Each doctoral student has to make a personal study and research plan. Goal is to complete the doctoral degree within four years of full-time study. Students are required to report regularly on their study progress to their supervisor. Personal study plan has to be updated annually by the end of October, and submitted to the study administration (Nina Nässlin).

4 Common studies for all within the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ects) The aim of the common studies within the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies is to build foundation for scientific thinking, to learn principles of scientific work and ensure methodological preparedness. Courses are organized by both the University s Graduate School and the major subjects. These courses can be compensated with the courses organized by the national graduate schools. The following courses are compulsory for all doctoral students: - TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) * - TOFO4011 Research Ethics (3 ECTS) * - TOFO4034 Academic Writing * - Critical dissertation analysis (5 ECTS) - Research Seminar (5 ECTS) - Quantitative research methods (5 ECTS) or - Qualitative research methods (5 ECTS). Please note that some of the courses listed above may be included in the major subject in which case the credit points are calculated only once. Information about the courses offered by the Graduate School and national graduate schools can be found in the addresses listed below. More information on these courses can also be provided by your thesis supervisor. * Courses offered by the Doctoral School of the University of Vaasa: Courses offered by Kataja (national graduate school): Courses offered by KAVA (Finnish Doctoral Programme in Economics): Graduate School Law in a Changing World (business law):

5 Curricula of the major subject areas Management and Organizations The dissertations in the field of management and organiszations should be positioned to the theoretical framework and scientific discussion of the discipline. For interdisciplinary dissertations a co-supervisor from the other field of study is needed alongside with the main supervisor. The supervisor and the student compile a personal study plan for the doctoral student after he/she has gained admission. In the personal study plan the progress of the disserataion is taken into consideration so that the course work can support the research in a best possible way. Required doctoral courses can be taken during the whole research process. A. General Scientific and Methodological Studies of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ects) - TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) (Graduate School) - TOFO4011 Research Ethics (3 ECTS) (Graduate School) - JOHT4001 Writing a Scientific Article (4 ECTS) (Department) - JOHT4004Critical dissertation analysis (5 ECTS) - JOHT4005 Research Seminar (5 ECTS) - Quantitative research methods (5 ECTS) or - Qualitative research methods (5 ECTS) (Graduate School or Kataja) In total 25 ects JOHT4001 Writing a Scientic Article (4 ects) A student can stregthen his/her ability to write scientific articles in many alternative ways. One possibility is to take the course Academic Writing (TOFO4034) offered by the Univeristy s Graduate Course, another to participate on a similar course in Kataja. Also, the course can be completed in the Department of Management as follows: Student writes an essay onthe field of his/her research area about a topic agreed on with the supervisor. The essay can be for example a conference paper. When writing the essay the student must follow the principles of scientific writing and utilize literature and other source material given by the supervisor. The essey is evaluated by the supervisor and antoher examiner appointed for the task who then takes the mark to the study register.

6 B. Major Studies (30 ects) In the major studies of management and organizations the course JOHT4007 The process of theory development in management (5 ECTS) is compulsory. Other major studies can be taken from the course list below or from the courses offered by Kataja or interantional doctoral schools (e.g. EIASM). The manner of completing the required major studies has to be agreed upon with the supervisor. Following course by Kataja are recommended: Liikkeenjohdollinen ajattelu ja organisaatiotutkimus 6 ECTS (in Finnish) Organization theory 6 ECTS International Human Resource Management Research 6 ECTS JOHT4007 The Process of Theory Development in Management (5 ects) Smith, Ken G. & Hitt, Michael A. : Great Minds in Management. The Process of Theory Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (2005 or a later edition): Compulsory course for all doctoral students of the Department of Management. This course offers an insight into the development of the key theories in the field of management studies. The course requirement is an exam that is held three times a year. Responsible teacher: Riitta Viitala JOHT4004 Critical Dissertation Analysis (5 ects) Four dissertations are selected by the supervisor and the doctoral student for critical dissertation analysis. The analysis of each of the dissertations should touch on the following aspects and discuss how the author has succeeded in these: Definition of the research problem Research frame Building the research framework Fulfilling of the empirical researh Conclusions Evaluation of the quality and reliability of the research The student will write the disseration analysis reports and submit them to the supervisor according to an given schedule. JOHT4005 Research Seminar (5 ects) The doctoral student will present his/her work three times in the research seminar of the department or in a national doctoral tutorial. The goal is that the student will be able to present research target, essential literature and methods used in the different stages of the research process. The course work includes a written and oral presentation of the disseration work and answering comments in the seminar. Courses in the key substance areas

7 The following courses include independent study of the literature and a written essay submitted to the responsible teacher. The complete course descriptions can be found on the Moodle page of the Department of Management. JOHT4008 Perspectives of Human Resources Management (5 ects) The course introduces the student to the field of human resources management (HRM). The student learns about the central perspectives of HRM: a human focus, a resource focus and a management focus. The course comprises topics such as the development of human resources management, models of strategic human resources management, human resources management s relation to performance and the future aspects of HRM. The student will also learn about the key journals which publish research in this field. Responsible teacher: Maria Järlström JOHT4009 International Human Resources Management (5 ects) After the completion of the course the participants should have a good understanding of the major research traditions and the theoretical approaches used to address key substance areas of international HRM. Key themes include issues at the individual (e.g. the international assignment cycle, global careers, individual learning and development through international work experiences, and competency requirements in the global context), organizational (e.g. HRM in international mergers and acquisitions, HRM in foreign subsidiaries, and the role of the HR department in multinational corporations), and comparative levels of analysis (differences in HRM across countries, cultures, and regions) as well as critical perspectives on international HRM. This course is organized by Kataja every second year and the students are encouraged to take it. The course is also available as a reading package for those who cannot attend this lecture course. Responsible teacher: Adam Smale JOHT4010 Organization Studies (5 ects) The course familiarizes the student with the field of organization studies and its central theoretical approaches. The classic themes include decision-making, organizational change, organization behavior and culture, institutional theory, power, identity, critical theory and gender. The course material also provides an insight into the more contemporary approaches in organization studies. As part of the course the student will learn about the key journals in organization studies and their particular orientations. Responsible teacher: Niina Koivunen JOHT4011 Leadership (5 ects) The course provides a retrospective and prospective overview of leadership studies. The student will learn the different perspectives on leadership and their theoretical underpinnings. The perspectives include macro-perspectives, such as strategic leadership and complexity leadership, political and philosophical perspectives, such as distributed leadership and critical leadership and psychological perspectives, including personality, leadership style or transformational leadership. Further perspectives comprise

8 cultural perspectives, such as spirituality and aeshtetics, and contemporary and emergent perspectives, including followership, virtual leadership and emotions. The student will also learn about the central journals of leadership and their focus areas. Responsible teacher: Liisa Mäkelä JOHT4012 Research on Business Networks (5 ects) Course description: Since 1980 s the research on business networks has increased in volume and diversity and due to that development it is sometimes hard to understand the underlying theoretical premises of network theory. The aim of this course is to open up the theoretical background of network research under the paradigmatic networks between markets and hierarchies framework. The students in this course are guided to understand the theoretical roots and contemporary approaches to business networking by a selected reading in four main topics: 1) Networks between markets and hierarchies, 2) Integration of dyadic business relationships, 3) Networks as alliances, and 4) Networking capability. Each category of reading consists of two to three articles. The course is completed by analytic essays on each of the main topics. Responsible teacher: Jukka Vesalainen JOHT4013 Research on Strategy and Strategy Work (5 ects) Course description: This course concentrates on Strategy and strategy work subjects of relevance for organizations and their managers as well. The course offers research-based learning on the evolution of strategic management field by using a unique paradigmatic perspective. It enables critical thinking about the nature, antecedents and consequences of business development by reading high-quality theoretical, qualitative and quantitative studies focused on three key areas of strategic management: Strategic analysis, Strategic choice and Strategy implementation. By the end of the course, participants will be able to understand what the strategic process is, and will also gain knowledge of how effective and successful strategies are formulated and implemented in complex and changing business environments. Students will not only have the opportunity to approach both traditional and novel frameworks and tools, but also write about strategic management research while considering the prevailing empirical evidence on this field. Responsible teacher: Rodrigo Rabetino JOHT4014 Research on Organizational Learning and Innovations (5 ects) Course description: This course concentrates on organizational learning and innovation phenomena of importance for firms and their managers. This course enables students to read and analyze the organizational learning and innovation literatures. Course develops critical thinking about the nature of learning and innovation processes, antecedents and effects by the means of reading conceptual, qualitative and quantitative studies. In this course, students have the opportunity to read and write about the high-quality learning and innovations research and consider the existing empirical evidence on these phenomena. Responsible teacher: Marko Kohtamäki

9 C. Optional Studies (15 ects) The optional studies can include a minor subject module of some other subject area. Many dissertations in the field of managment and organizations could benefit from minors like adult education, psychology / oraganisational psychology, accounting or marketing. Also, the optional studies can be made up of a larger selection of studies that support the dissertation, e.g. philosophy of science, methogologigal and general scientific studies. The contents of the optional studies are planned together with the supervisor and included in the personal study plan. D. Dissertation (180 ects).

10 International Marketing A. General Scientific and Methodological Studies of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ECTS) General Scientific Studies (part of these are included in the major studies) - TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) - TOFO4011 Research Ethics (3 ECTS) - TOFO4034 Academic Writing (4 ECTS) - MARK4004 Critical Research Analysis (6 ECTS) - MARK4009 Research Seminar Working (5 ECTS) Methodological Studies (9 ECTS). The contents and range of the required methodological studies are planned in connection of the personal study plan. Minimum requirement is two courses in methodological studies which can be selected e.g. of the following courses: TOFO4008 Laadulliset menetelmät organisaatiotutkimuksessa (offered by the Graduate School; in Finnish) (5 ECTS) Kurssin suoritustavat: ks. tutkijakoulu /yleistieteelliset kurssit Kirjallisuus: ks. tutkijakoulu /yleistieteelliset kurssit And/or the following courses offered by Kataja (see - Kauppatieteiden tilastotieteelliset sovellukset (4 ECTS) - Laadulliset aineistot ja analyysit (6 ECTS) - Laadullinen tutkimus (6 ECTS) - Research Designs and Methodological Choices (7 ECTS) - Cross-Cultural Comparative Research Methods (5 ECTS) Or as a literature exam - Qualitative Research Methods in International Business (5 ECTS) MARK4003 Research Methods in International Business ( 5 ECTS) Objective: Give an overview of various qualitative research methods and from their possible applications in a doctoral dissertation. Assessment: A report based on the course literature and plans for the dissertation. Course literature: Depending on the other methodological courses Silverman, D.(ed.): Qualitative Research. Theory, Method and Practice. 2 nd ed. Sage. London or Eriksson, P. & A. Kovalainen: Qualitative Methods in Business Research. Sage. London and in addition Marschan-Piekkari, R. & C. Welch (eds.): Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods for International Business. Edward Elgar Punnett, B. & O. Shenkar (eds.): Handbook for International Management Research. Blackwell Business.2 nd edition. 2004

11 Orientation course for the dissertation work: MARK4004 Critical Research Analysis (6 ECTS) Objective: To develop the students skills to analyze critically academic research reports and develop his/her own dissertation proposal. Assessment: A critical report of six selected dissertations individually and comparing them with each other. Course literature: Students are advised first to read the following books Davis, G. & C. Parker: Writing the Doctoral Dissertation. A Systematic Approach. Barron s Educational Series, Inc. Hauppauge, New York. Fink, Arlene (2005). Conducting Research Literature Reviews. From Internet to Paper. 2 nd ed. Thousand Oaks etc.: Sage Publ. Cooper, Harris (1998). Synthesizing Research: A Guide for Literature Reviews. 3 rd ed. Thousand Oaks etc.: Sage Publ. Six doctoral dissertations agreed with the supervisor (dissertations shall represent different topics and research methods, at least two works shall be dissertations presented in Finnish universities, furthermore at least one monograph and one collection of articles type of dissertation). B. Major Studies 30 ECTS MARK4010 Theories and Research in International Business (6 ECTS) Objective: To give an overview of main theories, research traditions, key studies and the current situation and future trends related to internationalization, FDIs and business networks. Kataja course focuses on all these issues, the course based on readings package focuses mainly on internationalization and FDIs. Assessment: Daily reports, activity during the course, final report Course literature: Timing of the course see Course literature as a book exam: Agreed parts from the following books and journals: Dunning, John & Sarianna M. Lundan : Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy. 2nd edition. Edward Elgar 2008 Verbeke, Alain & Hemant Merchant (eds.): Handbook of Research on International Strategic Management. Edward Elgar In addition selected articles from the five last volumes of Journal of International Business Studies and International Business Review. MARK4006 Theories and Research in International and Global Marketing (6 ECTS) Objective: To give an overview of main theories, research traditions, key studies, and current situation and future trends related to international marketing. Areas covered deal with consumer marketing, industrial marketing and intercultural issues as well as international marketing in SMEs. Assessment: If as the course organized by Kataja/FIGSIB see (organized every second year) Course literature: see. Course literature as a book exam:

12 Jain, Subhash & David Griffith (eds.): Handbook of Research in International Marketing. 2 nd ed. Edward Elgar In addition selected articles from the two latest volumes from Journal of International Marketing and International Marketing Review. or alternatively: Palidowa, S. & J. K. Ryans (eds.)(2008): International Marketing: Modern and Classic Papers Volumes 1 3 (selected papers partly depending on the research area of the student). Edward Elgar In addition selected articles from the five latest volumes from Advances in International Marketing, Journal of International Marketing and International Marketing Review. MARK4007 Theories and Research in International Joint Ventures and Alliances (6 ECTS) Objective: To give an overview of various theories explaining formation of international joint ventures and alliances, different strategies in the use of IJVs and alliances, their control, dynamics, and performance. Assessment: According to the instructions from (not organized every year) if based on the literature : course reports Course literature as a book exam: Das, T.K. (ed.): Researching Strategic Alliances. Emerging Perspectives. IAP/Information Age Publishing Inc Reuer, J. J. (ed.). Strategic Alliances: Theory and Evidence. Oxford University Press Shenkar, O. & J. J. Reuer (eds.). Handbook of Strategic Alliances. Sage Publications MARK4008 Theories and Research in International Acquisitions and Mergers (6 ECTS) Objective: To give an overview of various theories explaining international acquisitions and mergers, different acquisition and merger strategies, integration, control, dynamics, and performance in acquisitions and mergers. Assessment: As a course organized by Kataja/ FIGSIB (not organized every year) and evaluation based on the instructions or as reports based on the course material Course literature: if the Kataja/FIGSIB course then see Course literature as a book exam: Advances in Mergers and Acquisitions Volumes JAI Press agreed parts and in addition five articles to be agreed separately. MARK4009 Research Seminar Working (5 ECTS) The goal is to develop the research skills of the student through interactive working and in this way to support the finishing of the doctoral dissertation. The part is obligatory to every doctoral student. Assessment: Participation to the internal research seminars and at least two times presentation of own research project. In addition the student has to present at least two times his/her research project or parts of it at the nationwide and/or international doctoral tutorials and/or at international workshops or conferences like at Vaasa IB, EIBA (European International Business Academy), AIB UK Chapter and/or AIB Annual Conferences or tutorials.

13 In addition every student has to participate and write a report of at least three doctoral defences in the field of international business or marketing. Alternative way: The student can also make some of the studies in the main topic or minor topic participating to the joint Nordic Nord-IB program (30 ECTS). There are limited amount of places in the course. Every student has to cover to some costs by themselves. For more details see Minor studies (15 ECTS) The student can have a minor subject in management (international business oriented) or in financing. Or alternatively by participating to the following courses organized by Kataja - International Human Resource Management Research 6 ECTS - Social Network Analysis 6 ECTS - Business Networks Major Research Approaches 6 ECTS - The successful qualitative Ph.D.: A research training workshop 6 ECTS - Strategies for Publishing in Academic Journals: What Junior Researchers Needs to Know 4 ECTS (or the respective course organized jointly by University of Vaasa and Hanken nor organized every year) or e.g. book exam focusing on the Theories and Research Traditions in Marketing (organized by the Department of Marketing) C. Dissertation (180 op).

14 Accounting and Finance A. General Scientific and Methodological Studies of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ECTS) General scientific studies - TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) - TOFO4011 Research Ethics (3 ECTS) - TOFO4034 Academic Writing (4 ECTS) - Critical Research Analysis (5 ECTS) - Research Seminar Working (5 ECTS) (included in the major) Methodological studies B. Major Studies in Accounting and Finance (30 ECTS) C. Optional Studies D. Dissertation (180 ECTS).

15 Finance A. General Scientific and Methodological Studies of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ECTS) General scientific studies - TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) - TOFO4011 Research Ethics (3 ECTS) - TOFO4034 Academic Writing (4 ECTS) - Critical Research Analysis (5 ECTS) - Research Seminar Working (5 ECTS) Methodogical studies - Quantitative research method studies which support the doctoral studies in finance (10 ECTS). (see. C. Methodological studes/recommended courses) B. Major Studies in Finance (30 ECTS) Recommended courses: Theoretical Asset Pricing, 6 op* Empirical Asset Pricing, 6 op* Theoretical Corporate Finance, 6 op* Empirical Corporate Finance, 6 op* Behavioral Finance, 6 op Experimental Finance, 6 op Advanced Financial Statement Analysis, 6 op International Asset Pricing, 8 op Volatility Modeling and Empirical Methods in Asset Pricing, 8 op Advanced Topics in Finance, 5 op Other courses offered by the national Graduate School of Finance (GSF) or NFN (Nordic Finance Network) 1 Other courses offered by the national Graduate School of Accounting (GSA) tai NARN (Nordic Accounting Research Network) 2 Other courses offered by KATAJA * According to major course requirements of GSF. 1 GSF course descritions can be found at: and NFN course descriptions at: 2 GSA course descriptions can be found at: and NARN course descriptions at :

16 C. Optional Studies ( 5-10 ECTS) 1. Methodological Studies Recommended courses: STAT3100 Financial Time Series Analysis, 8 ECTS STAT3110 Mathematics of Financial Derivatives, 8 ECTS Linear Algebra, 5 ECTS Probability, 5 ECTS Research method courses offered by KATAJA 2. Studies in Economics, minimum of 4 ECTS Recommended courses: Doctoral studies offered by FDPE (Finnish Doctoral Program in Economics) 3 Makrotalous II, 9 ECTS (in Finnish) Mikrotalous II, 9 ECTS (in Finnish) Kansainvälinen rahatalous II, 4 ECTS (in Finnish) D. Dissertion 180 ECTS. 3 FDPE course descriptions can be found at:

17 Marketing The doctoral studies in marketing concentrate on the dissertation process so that the doctoral degree could be completed in four years of full-time study. To achieve this goal the personal study plan has to focus on the continuity of the study process and selection of studies that support the dissertation. The continuity of the study process is enhanced by 1) Personal study plan and 2) Regulary presenting the research in the research seminars of the department and national and international conferences Ability to write scientific articles is created and developed by 1) General scientific studies, 2) Methodological studies, 3) Theoretical studies in marketing (e.g. studies in one s own topic area), 4) Studies in academic writing and 5) Studies that help to develop argumentation (e.g. critical dissertation analysis). The optional studies enable the students to profile their degree. Also, they offer topics for discussions and research papers that benefit the dissertation process. In total the doctoral studies comprise 240 ECTS. A. General Scientific and Methodological Studies of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ECTS) The aim of the general scientific studies is to build foundation for scientific thinking, to learn principles of scientific work and ensure methodological preparedness. The student has to choose 15 ECTS of general studies and 10 ECTS methodological studies. The Graduate School arranges all the common scientific studies. However, these can be also covered by courses organized by Finnmark/Kataja, the national graduate school in marketing. General scientific studies (see - TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) - TOFO4034 Academic Writing - Philosophy of Science (3-5 ECTS) - Research Ethics (3 ECTS) Methodological studies - Quantitative research methods (5 ECTS) - Qualitative research methods (5 ECTS). (12-15 ECTS) (10 ECTS)

18 B. Major Studies (30 ECTS) The major studies in marketing comprise of 1) studies in the discipline of marketing that deepen the student s understanding of development and key areas of theoretical information, and 2) studies in the own topic area. MARK4011 Theory of Marketing and its Development (12-15 ECTS) (Assessment method will be agreed with the examiner) - Intensive course (e.g. Kataja), - Book exam. Choose three of the following books: o Maclaran, P., Saren, M., Stern, B., Tadajewski, M. (2010). The Sage Handbook of Marketing Theory, SAGE Publications. o Sheth, J.N., D.M. Gardner and D.E. Garrett (1998), Marketing Theory; Evolution and Evaluation, John Wiley and Sons, New York ja o Hunt, S. (2002), Foundations of Marketing Theory : Toward a General Theory of Marketing, M.E. Shape Publishing, o Enis, B and K. Cox (viimeinen painos), Marketing Classics. A selection of Influential Articles, Albyn and Bacon Inc. - Given articles that deal with critical analysis of marketing theory - Given articles about the recent interesting theoretical topics MARK4012 Studies in the Research Area (12 ECTS) The goal of the studies in the research area is to speed up the theoretical foundation of the dissertation. Assessment method: The studies in the research area should be connected to the own licentiate or doctoral dissertation topic. The study assessment methods can be agreed with the supervisor in the personal study plan of the following: course work (e.g. courses offered by Kataja), literature exams, essays, work papers (for example of scientific articles). Also, courses or articles from other fields of studies or the advanced level master courses in marketing can be included in the personal study plan. MARK4004 Critical Dissertation Analysis (3-6 ECTS) The student should make an analysis report of three different types of dissertations of his/her own research area. The selected dissertations can differ in research approach (logical empirical, concept analysis, function analysis e.g.) and/or in structure (monograph, essay/article dissertation). The analysis should concentrate on the definition of the research hypothesis, structuring the theoretical framework, conducting of the empirical analysis, consistency between theory and empirical analysis, and contribution. C. Research aiming at the dissertaion 180 ECTS o A successful dissertation process requires a relevant research approach and good project management skills. In order to secure a steady progress the presentation and reporting of the research is carried through by different stages. The doctoral student is expected to present his/her research work at the research seminars organized by the department of marketing. The presentations should focus on: a) definition of the research problem and the research plan, b) selected methodology and c) disposition and conclusions/results.

19 o The doctoral student is expected to present this/her work at least once at a national or international research seminar in the own field of research, o Also, the doctoral student is required to write an analysis report of two defences. D. Optional Studies (5 ECTS) The purpose of the optional studies is to increase flexibility and to offer possibility for the student to specialize his/her studies according personal interests and career goals. Assessment method: The optional studies can be formed of the following: 1. Minor (e.g. studies in accounting, management and organizations, industrial management or education, psychology, social psychology or sociology) 2. Advanced studies in connection with the research work and academic career (e.g. methodological studies and studies in university pedagogy) 3. Studies that support a career outside the academia.

20 Business Law The doctoral studies in business law consist of the general scientific and methodological studies (25 ECTS) that are common to all members of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies, the major studies (30 ECTS), the minor studies (15 ECTS) and the licentiate or doctoral dissertation. Amount of required literature reading is about pages per course. Alternative literature is often suggested in the course descriptions. The students can make a proposal regarding the reading material for the courses in line with the directive amount of pages mentioned above. For valid reasons the supervisor can grant permission to change the assessment method and the literature requirements of a course. I Doctoral coursework (60 ECTS) A. General Scientific and Methodological Studies of the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies (25 ECTS) The general scientific and methodological studies consist of the studies common within the Doctoral Programme in Business Studies. Their goal is to build foundation for scientific thinking, to learn principles of scientific work and ensure methodological preparedness. Courses are organized by both the University s Graduate School and the major subject. A part of the general studies (10 ECTS) are included in the major studies in business law. TOFO4026 Managing Doctoral Research (3 ECTS) Offered by the Graduate School, see: TOFO4011 Research Ethics (3 ECTS) Offered by the Graduate School, see: TOIK4009 Writing a Scientific Article (4 ECTS) Learning outcomes: Ability to utilize general scientific skills in the research work. Assessment: Writing an article and presenting it at a research seminar. The course can be compensated by an appropriate course offered by the Graduate School. Content: Using general scientific skills in writing the methodological part of one s own research work. Students write an article of 5-8 pages about the methodology they are using in the research. The article is presented at the research seminar. Responsible teacher: Vesa Annola TOIK4010 Critical Dissertation Analysis (5 ECTS)