What Data Related to Healthy Eating Active Living Indicators are Available for Nashville?

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1 What Data Related to Healthy Eating Active Living Indicators are Available for Nashville? A White Paper from the Healthy Eating Active Living Data Task Force of Davidson County March 2013

2 The Healthy Eating Active Living Task Force of Davidson County Dr. Shari Barkin Vanderbilt University Tracy Buck Metro Nashville Public Health Department Julie Fitzgerald Metro Nashville Public Health Department Laura Hansen Metro Nashville Public Schools Dr. Margaret Hargreaves Meharry Medical College Dr. Garrett Harper Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce Dr. Pam Hull Vanderbilt University Dr. Celia Larson-Pearce Metro Nashville Public Health Department Anita McCaig Metro Nashville Planning Department Jeff Ockerman Tennessee Department of Health Peter Oldham YMCA of Middle Tennessee Dr. David Padgett Tennessee State University Dr. Bill Paul Metro Nashville Public Health Department Gina Proffitt Metro Nashville Public Schools Tracy Ray Metro Nashville Public Schools Dr. David Schlundt Vanderbilt University Dr. Sandra Thomas-Trudo Metro Nashville Public Health Department

3 The Healthy Eating Active Living Data Task Force was established in 2011 by the Metro Public Health Department as a public-private partnership with other government and community stakeholders. One of the initial charges of the Task Force was to gather and review available Davidson County data to provide a comprehensive resource for the community. The members of the Task Force educated each other on the data sources they managed or were familiar with in a series of meetings. A draft document was then prepared that synthesized all of this information. This was reviewed by Task Force members and this revised final report was prepared. This document represents the work of the Task Force, and does not represent the views or opinions of any participating agency or group.

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5 Data on People s Health HEALTH BEHAVIORS Children The only available data source is the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBS). These data are not available for all children, but for public high school students, primarily representing year olds. Private school students, home schooled students, and non-enrolled youth are not represented in these data. They account for 23% of year olds in Davidson County. Physical Activity In 2010, 41.2% of Davidson County public high school students met the recommended physical activity level for adolescents. In 2010, 14% of the Davidson County public high school students were sedentary (less than 60 minutes of physical activity per day on all days of the week). Disordered Eating Behaviors Having healthy attitudes towards food and weight management will promote the adoption of lifestyles that are healthy and effective for weight control. In 2010, 13.2% of Davidson County public high school students reported fasting (not eating for at least 24 hours) without a doctor s advice for weight control. In 2010, 3.7% used diet pills without a doctor s advice. In 2010, 4.2% took laxatives without a doctor s advice for weight control. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Frequency This measure does not give a quantitative number of servings to assess compliance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, but can be an indicator of eating attitudes and behaviors. In 2010, 18.8% of Davidson County high school students consumed fruits or vegetables at least five times a day. What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County? 1

6 Adults Physical activity, food consumption and menu labeling data are available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data don t include cell phone only households, and persons living in group quarters. An estimated 37.5% of adults in the county live in cell phone only households, and 4.5% live in group quarters. Breastfeeding initiation data are available from the birth certificate file, and represent all births to Davidson County residents. Physical Activity For Davidson County adults in 2010, 36.4% were sedentary (engaging in no leisure time physical activity). Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Frequency This measure does not give a quantitative number of servings to assess compliance with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines, but can be an indicator of eating attitudes and behaviors. In 2010, 13.6% of Davidson County adults reported eating fruits and vegetables at least 5 times a day. Using Menu Labeling to Make Food Choices In 2010, 46.3% of Davidson County adults either never used calorie information or weren t aware of it when making food choices in restaurants. Only 27.5% used calorie information most of the time when it was available. Breastfeeding Initiation In 2010, 65.6% of mothers in Davidson County were breastfeeding at the time of the filing of the birth certificate. HEALTH STATUS Children Disability data are available from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey. Disabilities can adversely impact participation in recommended levels of physical activity. Community based approaches to increasing physical activity need to incorporate infrastructure and strategies that are appropriate and inclusive of this population. Children s weight status data are available from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance system (YRBS). These data are not available for all children, but for public high school students, primarily representing year olds. Private school students, home schooled students, and non-enrolled youth are not represented in these data. They account for 23% of year olds in Davidson County. Disability Status In 2010, the prevalence of any disability for Davidson County residents was 11.2% overall, and ranged from 0.4% for children under age 5 to 4.2% for children ages Weight Status In 2010, 32.7% of Davidson County public high school students were overweight or obese. 2 What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County?

7 Adults Disability data are available from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey. Disabilities can adversely impact participation in recommended levels of physical activity. Community based approaches to increasing physical activity need to incorporate infrastructure and strategies that are appropriate and inclusive of this population. Adult weight status and diabetes data are available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data don t include cell phone only households,and persons living in group quarters. An estimated 37.5% of adults in the county live in cell phone only households, and 4.5% live in group quarters. Disability Status In 2010, the prevalence of any disability for Davidson County residents was 11.2% overall, and ranged from 9.8% for adults 18 64, to 37.3% for adults age 65 and over. Weight Status In 2010, only 35.3% of Davidson County adults were at a healthy weight (neither underweight, overweight or obese). Diabetes In 2010, 14.8% of Davidson County adults had diabetes, and another 8.7% had been diagnosed with pre-diabetes. What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County? 3

8 Data on Social Environment for Physical Activity Active commuting data are available from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey. These data are only available for employed individuals age 16 and over, which represents 60% of the population in that age group; 32.9% are not in the labor force and 6.9% are unemployed. Neighborhood safety data are available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data don t include cell phone only households, and persons living in group quarters. An estimated 37.5% of adults in the county live in cell phone only households, and 4.5% live in group quarters. Active Commuting In 2010, 2.1% of employed persons walked to work, 2.1% took public transportation (which is associated with higher levels of physical activity), and 1.6% used other means, including bicycling. Neighborhood Safety In 2010, 18.9% of Davidson County adults reported their neighborhoods as being only slightly safe or not all safe. 4 What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County?

9 Data on Physical Environment for Physical Activity Perceived neighborhood walkability data are available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data don t include cell phone only households, and persons living in group quarters. An estimated 37.5% of adults in the county live in cell phone only households, and 4.5% live in group quarters. Walk Score is an independent organization that provides walkability calculations for urban areas across the United States. Walk Score measures how easy it is to live with minimal car usage in an area. Walk Score uses a patent-pending system to measure the walkability of an address. The Walk Score algorithm awards points based on the distance to amenities in each category. Amenities within.25 miles receive maximum points and no points are awarded for amenities further than one mile. Walk Score uses a variety of data sources including Google and Education.com. Air pollution and recreational facilities data are provided directly from County Health Rankings. Complete documentation of primary data sources and methodology is provided on Neighborhood Perceived Walkability In 2010, 50.4% of Davidson County adults considered their neighborhood to be a very pleasant place to walk. Walk Score In 2012, Nashville-Davidson County had an overall Walk Score of 36, which ranked it as a car-dependent metro area, Few amenities within walking distance. Nashville ranked 46th out of the 50 largest metro areas on this index. Air Pollution The latest data posted by County Health Rankings are from In 2007, Davidson County had 12 alert days for ozone or particulate matter. Recreational Facilities. The most recent data posted by County Health Rankings are from In 2009, Davidson County had 9 recreational facilities per 100,000 residents. The national benchmark is 16 per 100,000 residents. What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County? 5

10 Data on Food Environment Data on limited access to healthy foods and the proportion of restaurants that are fast food establishments are provided directly from the County Health Rankings. Complete documentation of primary data sources and methodology is provided on Data on perceived access to healthy foods are available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). These data don t include cell phone only households, and persons living in group quarters. An estimated 37.5% of adults in the county live in cell phone only households, and 4.5% live in group quarters. Limited Access to Healthy Foods The latest data posted by County Health Rankings are from In 2006, Davidson County had 11% of its population with limited access to healthy foods, meaning persons living in poverty and also living more than 1 mile from a grocery store. Proportion of Restaurants that are Fast Food Establishments The latest data by County Health Rankings are from In 2009, 52% of the restaurants in Davidson County were fast food establishments. Perceived Access to Healthy Foods In 2010, only half (50.9%) of Davidson County adults strongly agreed that it was easy to buy healthy foods in their neighborhood. 6 What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County?

11 Summary Table Indicator Data source Most recent year available Most recent value Trend data available? Subcounty data available? National comparison data available? Percent of public high school students meeting physical activity recommendations YRBS % Percent of public high school students that are sedentary YRBS % Percent of public high school students fasting for weight control YRBS % Percent of public high school students using diet pills for weight control YRBS % Percent of public high school students taking laxatives for weight control YRBS % Percent of public high school students eating fruits or vegetables at least 5 times a day YRBS % Percent of adults who are sedentary BRFSS % Percent of adults eating fruits or vegetables at least 5 times a day BRFSS % Percent of adults using menu labeling to make food choices in restaurants BRFSS 2010 Vital Percent of mothers who started breastfeeding American Community Disability status Percent of public high school students who are 46.3% never 27.5% most of the time Statistics % Survey % overweight or obese. YRBS % Percent of adults who are at a healthy weight. BRFSS % Percent of adults with diabetes BRFSS % 2.1% walk 2.1% public transit American Percent of employed youth and adults who actively commute Community Survey % other Percent of adults who perceive their neighborhood as unsafe BRFSS % Percent of adults who perceive their neighborhood as a very pleasant place to walk BRFSS % 36 Walk Score Walkscore.com 2012 Annual number of air pollution alert days for ozone or particulate matter Number of recreational facilities per 100,000 residents Percent of population that live in poverty and are more than 1 mile from a grocery store (out of 100) County Health Rankings County Health Rankings County Health Rankings % County Health Rankings % Percent of restaurants that are fast food establishments Percent of adults who perceive that it is very easy to buy healthy foods in their neighborhood BRFSS % Future data collection planned? What Data Are Available for Healthy Eating and Active Living in Davidson County? 7

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