Tank Containers. The right transport for liquid bulk products. ISO Tank Containers Presentation. of 27

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1 Tank Containers The right transport for liquid bulk products ISO Tank Containers Presentation 0

2 Tank Containers What are ISO tank containers? ISO Tank containers are a popular type of ITE for the transportation of liquid bulk cargo. They consist of a 20 foot container frame with a (stainless) steel barrel inside the frame. There are a variety of types and models available in the market, each serving the specific needs or transport type. Tank containers can be used to transport all types of non-hazardous and hazardous liquids, including: liquefied gases, flammables, corrosives, toxics & poison by inhalation substances. ISO Tanks can be used to transport from chemicals to food stuff products. 1

3 Tank Container Specification Standard ISO Tank Container Specifications Standard ISO Tank containers are between Liters and Liters in volume, coded as 'U.N. PORTABLE TANK'. Most common is the T11 (4bar pressure) stainless steel ISO Tank container. Capacity (nominal) 21,000 litre 24,000 litre 25,000 litre Design Type UN PT / Hybrid UN PT / Hybrid UN PT / Hybrid Discharge Outlet Bottom Bottom Bottom Max. Gross Weight 36,000 kg 36,000 kg 36,000 kg Tare Weight 3,650 kg 3,900 kg 3,900 kg Max. Payload 32,350 kg 32,100 kg 32,100 kg Test Pressure 6.00 Bar 6.00 Bar 6.00 Bar Working Pressure 4.00 Bar 4.00 Bar 4.00 Bar Max. Cargo Temp. 120 C 120 C 120 C Steam Heating Coil 8 m² 8 m² 8 m² 2

4 Tank Container Specification The walkway The Spill Box Swing-bolt Airline Man-lid Spare connection PRV 3

5 Tank Containers Types of Tank Containers There are 3 basic kinds of tank containers for transportation and storage of chemicals and nonhazardous liquids: beam, generic and swap tanks. 1. Tank containers also referred to as ISO tanks, Intermodal tanks, or IM portable tanks, are designed for international transportation by road, rail and ship. They are a versatile means of shipping bulk liquids where a single mode of transport is not convenient. 2. Beam tank a sturdy, all-purpose design at a reduced tare weight and has a low maintenance and repair record. Generic tank Beam/frame hybrids. Capacities of 7,500 up to 27,000 litres. 3. Swap tank wide range of design and specifications options, giving a versatile unit, capacities up to 35,000 litres. ISO Tank The most common type Beam Tank Swap Tank 4

6 Tank Container History & Development History 1964 The First design ideas for tank containers (skid tanks) 1966 The First builds 1967 The ISO tank designed 1968 The first series of ISO tank containers 1970s Design and build starts to spread across Europe Early commercial production mainly in Ireland and France Rest of Europe starts to follow Development Global containerization and efficiency gains drove the industry 76 x 200 litre steel drums in a 20ft dry box = 15,600 litres A tank could carry 18,000 litres/20,320 Kgs gross weight Agreement on higher road and rail payloads 24,000 litre tanks then 26,000 litre tank 5

7 ISO Tank Container is an intermodal equipment ISO Tank containers are mainly used for ocean freight transport of liquid bulk cargo. But their ITE capabilities make them flexible for use pre and on carriage. These ISO Tank containers are easily transported on truck, barge or rail. 6

8 Why Tank Containers Tank containers are reusable, recyclable and can be remanufactured 7

9 Reusable Why Tank Containers Tank containers are designed for an economic life of typically 20 years. During this life the tank is used over and over again. After discharge of cargo the tank is cleaned, inspected and prepared for the next cargo load. A tank container engaged on long-haul trades, for instance China to Europe, where the door-to-door voyage lasts about 6-7 weeks, might ship up to eight loads annually. Over 20 years, that amounts to 160 loads or 4,000 metric tones of cargo. Short-haul trades will result in considerably more loads. The tank operates door-to-door. It is loaded with cargo in plant A and transported by truck, rail and ship to the destination plant B where the tank is unloaded and the cargo directed into the production process. Ease of Cleaning, Cleaning ISO Tanks and also road Tankers allows operators to reuse their equipment. 8

10 Recyclable Why Tank Containers Tank containers are manufactured of materials that are very suitable for re-cycling. The total weight is typically 3,700 kg, of which the majority is metal, namely the stainless steel tank and the carbon steel frame. These are easily cut into manageable dimensions that can be melted and made into new materials. 9

11 Re-manufacture Why Tank Containers To extend the life beyond 20 years, tank containers often undergo re-manufacture. This starts with the removal of the entire tank frame and insulation, retaining only the stainless steel tank vessel, valves and fittings. Stainless steel is a long lasting metal; it is highly suitable for re-use. The re-manufacture process re-cycles the retained tank into a new frame. The tank is reinsulated and tested and continues its service life as new. It is expected that this process will extend the life of the tank a further fifteen years 10

12 Greener Why Tank Containers ISO tank containers have the most efficient CO 2 footprint transport system for bulk liquids. The tank container does not produce waste package unlike drums and flexi bags. Using intermodal transportation also saves fuel and reduces CO2 emissions by up to 70%, especially on hauls over 150 miles. This may be a major factor to consider as chemical shippers must find ways to reduce carbon footprint to meet future government mandates. An investigation commissioned by the International Tank Container Organization (ITCO) into the environmental performance of intermodal tank containers reveals that the tank container leaves a carbon footprint that is almost 50 per cent less than that of an equivalent drummed shipment on certain long-haul routes. The study, which was carried out by the supply chain consultancy group LCP Consulting, concludes that tank containers are the most energy-efficient and environment-friendly way of moving intermediate quantities of bulk liquid materials between and within continents when the journey involves a sea leg. 11

13 Safer Why Tank Containers On long hauls, OTR tank trucks often must travel through bad weather, causing unsafe driving conditions that lead to accidents and delays. Vehicles often park at unsecured rest stops and have the potential for mechanical breakdowns. Shipping freight via intermodal using ISO tank containers eliminates these issues. As containers are marked with a unique BIC code, they can be easily ID d and tracked and even heavy ISO tank containers are unlikely to cause mechanical failure on trains and ships and are safer when in transit. ISO Tank containers are internationally approved and periodic tests can be made every 2.5 years. Overall the ISO Tank container has an excellent safety record. 12

14 Greater Capacity Why Tank Containers Standard ISO 20 Ft. Tank containers have capacities up to 26,000 Litres. 26,000 Liter Tanks can transport the equivalent of 123 drums 205 Litres. It would take approximately 1.6 standard 20ft ISO dry boxes to transport 123 drums. 13

15 Cost Effective Why Tank Containers Due to the high (product) volume per Tank container, the overall cost per tonnage can be lower than other means of transport (packaging) like drums or IBC's. Tanks are cost effective, drums need to be purchased, stored, filled, physically moved to a warehouse, stacked in a container, then unloaded and decanted following by cleaning or disposal. The time and manpower to load and discharge tank containers is less than the equivalent volume in drums 14

16 Cost Effective Why Tank Containers A graph show ISO Tanks vs. Drums 15

17 ECONOMICAL DESIGN Why Tank Containers Think of a tank container as a large but technically superior drum, within its own protective frame and with provision for lifting and stacking. The resulting ease and speed of loading and discharging is beneficial to both shippers and their customers. Receiving just two tank container loads each day eliminates the handling and storage of up to 260 drums - difficult when the drums are new, but even more costly and inefficient when the drums are empty and contaminated. 16

18 Greater Flexibility Why Tank Containers Compared to drums, tank containers are fast and safe to load/unload. A tank container can be typically loaded/unloaded in 90 minutes whereas drums can take up to 8 hours. Discharge is achieved either by gravity, pump or pressure. Products can be heated by steam, glycol or hot water systems provided by depots, and cargo temperature can be maintained in transit using electrically heated tanks that are plugged in on vessels, terminals and depots. Tanks can be discharged through the top or bottom valves, regulations and customer preference have to be taken into account. If the customer decides at the last minute that they want to delay a freight delivery for a couple of days, tanks can be left at a local storage yard. If the load came via OTR truck, the customer would have to take delivery on the scheduled date. Also, as previously noted, one container can transport the same freight by ship, truck and train as part of a single journey without unloading. 17

19 Safe Handling Why Tank Containers Using safe & proper handling equipment of ITE, the ISO tanks will be easily handled. 18

20 Ease of Maintenance Why Tank Containers Tank containers have the added benefit of stainlesssteel cleanliness and strength, pressurization and integral heating systems that make them easy to be maintained. 19

21 Although There have been a few severe accidents but the tanks did not leak. Why Tank Containers 20

22 Why not to choose drums Drums are hazardous, inefficient & expensive 21

23 ISO Tanks vs. Drums Comparison: ISO tank vs. Drums Cost Effectiveness Drums Tank Containers Costly to buy, handle, store, dispose Cost effective fill, ship and unload Lower inventory cost: Iso tanks require less inventory cost since they are directly loaded from plant with no waiting time by utilizing regular sea line services. Compared to drums: No previous storage for filling and container stuffing needed. Compared to flexi bags: No previous bag fitting needed. Efficiency in use Rarely reused or reusable, costly disposal Safety Susceptible to leakage and damage Minimal handling, flexible pipeline Optimum safety, robust primary package Convenience Multiple handling and labeling, costly Totally intermodal road, rail, sea, door to door Storage Large storage area requirement Immediate, low cost, secure storage 22

24 A flexi tank is essentially a large plastic bag, fitted with a loading and discharge valve. Prior to loading, the flexi-tank bag is laid out into a box container. Unlike the tank container, which is re-used repeatedly, the flexi-tank is designed for one trip. The empty contaminated bag must be disposed in an approved waste facility. Certain materials can be incinerated and others might be suitable for shredding in preparation for re-cycling. ISO Tanks vs. Flexi Tanks It has been reported that when fully laden the weight of the 24,000 litre bag causes the side wall of the box container to distort outwards beyond ISO. The side wall is designed to withstand a certain pay-load for static cargo. The flexi-tank load is liquid and the laden bag effectively forms the shape of the box. Cargo surge during movement and transport of the box results in potentially excessive side and end wall loads and potential instability during trucking and lifting. 23

25 References of the study International Tank Container Organization (ITCO) Tank Containers: A Sustainable Solution for Bulk Liquid Transport Report. The Benefits of Safe Handling of Tank Containers Report. Hoyer Global Transport B.V Newport Tank Containers Stolt Tank Containers GE SeaCo InterBulk Group Multistar Leasing Solutions TLS Global Lojistik A.Ş. Consultank Consultancy Services Chemical Transportation & Logistics Blog Chemlogix VOTG TANKTAINER RS CONTAINER GROUP Hazardous Cargo Bulletin (HCB) Shipping Containers 24 24

26 Prepared by Amr Mustafa Marketing Researcher March

27 For more Information about ISO tanks and cleaning Depots Please visit: /27/2013

28 Thanks Subject 27 6/27/2013