Mapping internet public policy

Transcription

1 Mapping internet public policy David Souter APC Symposium on Networking Networks in Internet Public Policy Ancona, July 2010

2 Mapping internet public policy 1. Some existing mapping frameworks: Diplo s baskets Schrödinger s cats Global Partners layer model WGIG IGF framework of issues 2. Dimensions of mapping 3. Mapping by: issue institution and stakeholder community national environment civil society engagement 4. Networking issues 5. Mapping individual organisations and networks

3 Some existing mapping frameworks

4 Diplo s baskets Infrastructure & standardisation basket Legal basket Economic basket Development basket Socio-cultural basket

5 Shrödinger s cats Source: Don MacLean, Herding Schrödinger s Cats, paper for WGIG 2004.

6 Global Partners layer model Source: Kate Wilkinson and Lisa Horner, Communications in the Public Interest, paper for Global Partners 2009.

7 WGIG s taxonomy of internet governance Infrastructure and management of critical internet resources Issues relating to use of the internet (e.g. spam, network security, cybercrime) Issues with internet relevance but wider impact (e.g. intellectual property, trade) Development and capacity-building issues Primarily within the internet Locus of decision making Primarily beyond the internet

8 Development IGF framework of issues Governance arrangements Critical internet resources Technical issues e.g. IPv6 Access Openness Security (and privacy) Diversity Capacity building Emerging issues e.g. mobility, cloud computing, social networking

9 Dimensions of mapping

10 Approaches to mapping Mapping framework Colour codes* Internet community Issues Intergovernmental agency National government Institutions (decisionmaking fora) Actors (stakeholder groups) Commercial business Non-governmental public policy Civil society Users * not used in all slides

11 Dimensions for mapping internet public policy issues and entities Narrow internet issues issues Broad governance Broad governance issues issues Technical issues.. Policy issues Expert-led Government-led Global.. National Legislative.. Normative

12 Dimensions for mapping internet public policy issues and entities narrow versus broad Administration Standards Communications Public policy Users IANA ICANN RIRs ISOC W3C IETF LAP Spam Telecom standards bodies ITU IFIs WTO Council of Europe Interpol IGF Consumer bodies Selfregulatory bodies ISOC chapters National and regional IGFs ICT ministries WIPO Parliaments cctld registrars IXPs Telecoms regulators Content regulators National courts Registries ISPs and ISPAs Content providers E-commerce businesses

13 Dimensions for mapping internet governance issues and entities global versus national Global Regional National Internet coordination Standards Telecoms markets IANA ICANN IETF W3C ITU RIRs Regional regulators & their associations (EU, CRASA &c) cctld registrars ITU, IEEE, ETSI etc. Private sector standards fora National ICT ministries and telecoms regulators Applications and use UN agencies Regional entities e.g. UNECA, Council of Europe, OECD, development actors Sectoral ministries and ICT4D agencies

14 Dimensions for mapping internet governance issues and entities soft versus hard law Policy coordination ISOC IGF Market regulation cctlds Telecoms regulators Content regulators Standards IETF W3C DNS WIPO W3C Legislation (examples only; not comprehensive) E-commerce law Strength of governance Scope of governance Technical aspects Administration & coordination Infrastructure Services and content

15 Mapping internet issues

16 Mapping internet issues : the big picture

17 Mapping internet issues : technical Internet

18 Mapping internet issues : access Internet

19 Mapping internet issues : economic Internet

20 Mapping internet issues : development Internet

21 Mapping internet issues : environment Internet

22 Mapping internet issues : social Internet

23 Mapping internet issues : cultural Internet

24 Mapping internet issues : rights Internet

25 Mapping internet issues : political Internet

26 Mapping internet issues : in detail

27 Mapping institutions, actors and stakeholder communities

28 Mapping stakeholder communities: the basic picture Intergovernmental organisations The internet technical and professional community Civil society Nation states The private sector

29 Intergovernmental agencies United Nations Types of agency/engagement (examples) Development agencies ITU WIPO Global Regional UN/universal Non-universal WTO Policymaking Operational Technical.. Developmental Coordagencies & agreementse e.g. Interpol, cybercrime Regions e.g. EU, Council of Europe Standards bodies Rule-making. Co-ordinating

30 National governments & agencies Types of agency/engagement (examples) Coordagencies & agreements e.g. Interpol, cybercrime, LAP spam Security agencies Regions e.g. EU, CofE ICT ministries Standards bodies cctld registrar National.. Local Communications sector Applications Internet.. Non-internet Policy Regulation Implementation Trade & tax authorities e-govt agencies Mainstream government departments (users, intermediaries) ICT regulators Content regulators ISPA IXP Self-reg. ISOC chapter Democratic... Authoritarian Rule-making. Co-ordinating

31 Internet entities Types of agency/engagement (examples) IGF and regional IGFs Internet coordination Global.. Regional.. National IANA, ICANN RIRs Multistakeholder.. Single stakeholder Standards bodies Internet standards (IETF, W3C) ISOC IGP, OII &c Standard-setting. Admin & Coordination Decision-making... Discussion-focused

32 Private sector entities Standards bodies cctld registrar ISPA IXP Self-reg. Internet standards (IETF, W3C) Supply side Internet firms and ISPs Telcos Content producers inc. Web 2 ICC - BASIS Media Demand side Business users of the internet Types of agency/engagement (examples) Global..... National Internet business... Internet user Supply side... Demand side E-commerce.. Traditional marketing Independent business.. Business association North.... South Incumbent.... Innovative SMEs Microbusinesses

33 Civil society actors Individuals IGC Academics Consumer rights Giganet Types of agency/engagement (examples) IGP Internet advocacy organisations & networks National. Regional.. Local Governance Access APC Diplo North.. South Development Internet rights IRP DC Child protection Human rights Development Policy.. Advocacy.. Implementation Internet / ICTs.... Mainstream Conservative.... Reformist... Radical Environment Issue-focused..... Representational Mainstream civil society organisations Single issue... Social ecosystem Independent.. Networked Women s movement Trades unions Member-funded... Donor-funded Faith groups

34 Mapping stakeholder communities: making things complex Microbusinesses Development agencies Coordagencies & agreements e.g. Interpol, cybercrime, LAP spam Security agencies Trade & tax authorities e-govt agencies United Nations ITU Regions e.g. EU, CofE Mainstream government departments (users, intermediaries) WIPO ICT ministries ICT regulators WTO Content regulators Standards bodies cctld registrar ISPA IXP Self-reg. ISOC chapter IGF and regional IGFs Internet coordination IANA, ICANN RIRs Internet standards (IETF, W3C) Supply side Internet firms and ISPs Telcos Content producers inc. Web 2 ISOC ICC - BASIS IGP Governance Media DCs Demand side Business users of the internet SMEs Individuals Academics Internet advocacy organisations & networks Access Development Internet rights APC IGC IRP DC Giganet Individual users Consumer rights Diplo Child protection Human rights Development Environment Mainstream civil society organisations Women s movement Trades unions Faith groups

35 Mapping internet issues against decision-making entities (illustrative) WTO Development agencies ITU World Bank and IFIs World Bank, UNDP, UNESCO, sectoral UN agencies National governments Bilateral donors ICT4D NGOs WTO Trade ministries ICT ministries Telecoms regulators IXPs Energy ministries W3C IETF LAP Spam Internet ISOC Private sector standards bodies Sectoral ministries Environmental agencies Climate change agencies MAG Content regulators RIRs Registrars ICANN UNGA Content regulators Media regulators Interpol Policing and security agencies WIPO National and international courts Consumer protection agencies National courts

36 Mapping issues by decision-making body: ICANN issues for civil society Administration. Standards. Public policy. Users US status & location Affirmation of Commitments Role of governments / GAC Trademarks New gtlds.xxx Role of ICANN board Civil society representation Morality and public order Domain name issues ICANN governance Privacy - whois

37 Mapping national internet environments

38 Mapping national environments : UK: issues Technical Domain name trading Broadband deployment Telecoms regulation Privacy - whois Cybercrime Cybersecurity Data protection Access promotion E- government & services Phishing & identity E- commerce Education cctld management Security Access for children Consumer protection Child welfare? Threat and/or opportunity? Child protection Impact of social networking IPv6 trans -ition Digital Economy Act Copyright Digital rights Impact on employment Societal Future of IGF

39 Mapping national environments : UK: issues and institutions etc. RIPE- NCC DNS Sec Nominet (.uk registry) UK IGF IP office Race Online BIS (ministry) EuroDIG Parliamentary groups Registrars ISPs Ofcom (regulator) Home Office LINX (IXP) ISPA Telecoms operators Policing CEOP IWF Child Online Content providers (inc. Yahoo!, Google, BBC etc.) Banks E- commerce businesses Confederation of British Industry ISOC OII / academic community Child welfare agencies Open Rights Group Consumer org ns NGOs

40 Mapping national environments : Kenya : issues Technical Multistakeholder participation Role of government IPv6 transition cctld redesignation (completed) Domain name administ n Trademarks & domain name abuse Cybercrime Access submarine and backbone Child protection Access local networks Prices / Affordability Access for women / gender issues Access for youth Quality of service e- government services Privacy and data protection Local content Empowerment Developmental impact Freedom of expression Societal

41 Mapping national environments : Kenya : institutions and actors ICANN AfriNIC Parliament (ICT Select Committee) GAC IGF National Comm s Secretariat (policy) Kenya ICT Board (advisory & projects) Ministry of ICT KENIC (registry) CCK (regulator) Kenya IXP Future Gov t IXP? TESPOK (internet businesses) [nb no ISPA] Telecoms operators Kenya Private Sector Alliance KICTANet ISOC ISOC Private sector and civil society input Kenya Consumers Association National Security Agency (cybercrime) ITU Kenya Revenue Authority (trademarks etc.) Bureau of standards IPv6 Task Force

42 Mapping national environments : Kenya : IGF processes Kenya IGF East African IGF Global IGF Other IG fora

43 Mapping civil society engagement

44 Mapping internet issues : in detail

45 Mapping internet issues : APC ACCESS Public good Access to networks Empowerment Affordability Broadband access Telecoms regulation IG4D Internet APC E-waste Web 2.0 ICANN status & future Future of IGF Participation & transparency WSIS principles Data protection A2K Women s rights / gender issues Freedom of expression

46 Mapping stakeholder communities: making things complex Microbusinesses Development agencies Coordagencies & agreements e.g. Interpol, cybercrime, LAP spam Security agencies Trade & tax authorities e-govt agencies United Nations ITU Regions e.g. EU, CofE Mainstream government departments (users, intermediaries) WIPO ICT ministries ICT regulators WTO Content regulators Standards bodies cctld registrar ISPA IXP Self-reg. ISOC chapter IGF and regional IGFs Internet coordination IANA, ICANN RIRs Internet standards (IETF, W3C) Supply side Internet firms and ISPs Telcos Content producers inc. Web 2 ISOC ICC - BASIS IGP Governance Media DCs Demand side Business users of the internet SMEs Individuals Academics Internet advocacy organisations & networks Access Development Internet rights APC IGC IRP DC Giganet Individual users Consumer rights Diplo Child protection Human rights Development Environment Mainstream civil society organisations Women s movement Trades unions Faith groups

47 Mapping internet networks : APC Donors IDRC, Ford Foundation, &c. OECD ICANN Non- Commercial Stakeholders Group CS networks CS organisations APC members CofE/UNECE etc. Broader networks Women s network A2K network AMARC Internet Governance Caucus etc. IT4Change Global Parners Privacy International Civicus Diplo IP Justice Internet Governance Project etc. APC ITEM CEPES COLNODO CIPESA KICTAnet WOUGNET Sangonet Protege QV FMA Green Spider etc. ICC/BASIS

48 Mapping networking issues

49 Global versus national fora civil society activities and networking Global Regional National Internet coordination Standards Telecoms markets IANA ICANN ITU RIRs Regional regulators & their associations (EU, CRASA &c) cctld registrars IETF W3C ITU, IEEE, ETSI etc. Private sector standards fora Civil society activities and networking National ICT ministries and telecoms regulators Applications and use UN agencies Regional entities e.g. UNECA, Council of Europe, OECD, development actors Sectoral ministries and ICT4D agencies

50 Future of the IGF Climate change Multistakeholder networking ITU Canada Cisco IISD Dynamic coalition OECD GeSI Sun ITP Ctty ISOC IGC Civil soci -ety APC IGF participants ICC- BASIS Internet business Internet users Canada Internet users EU

51 Mapping issues by decision-making body within and beyond the internet Human rights issues and institutions Internet rights issues and institutions Mainstream human rights organisations UN and law-based agencies Human rights conventions Internet rights organisations Internet fora Internet principles and ways of working

52 Engagement by issue and by actor Importance / immediacy of decisions Priority / saliency for (civil society) actor Capacity to influence decision-makers/ specific decisions Expertise of (civil society) actor

53 Engagement by network Importance / immediacy of decisions Priority / saliency for (civil society) actor Focused network Capacity to influence decision-makers/ specific decisions Broad network Expertise of (civil society) actor

54 Networking by issue Relevance Focused network Broad network Consensus

55 Mapping organisational priorities and network relationships Internet issues Internet entities Internet partnerships Internet capabilities

56 Internet issues

57 Internet entities Microbusinesses Development agencies Coordagencies & agreements e.g. Interpol, cybercrime, LAP spam Security agencies Trade & tax authorities e-govt agencies United Nations ITU Regions e.g. EU, CofE Mainstream government departments (users, intermediaries) WIPO ICT ministries ICT regulators WTO Content regulators Standards bodies cctld registrar ISPA IXP Self-reg. ISOC chapter IGF and regional IGFs Internet coordination IANA, ICANN RIRs Internet standards (IETF, W3C) Supply side Internet firms and ISPs Telcos Content producers inc. Web 2 ISOC ICC - BASIS IGP Governance Media DCs Demand side Business users of the internet SMEs Individuals Academics Internet advocacy organisations & networks Access Development Internet rights APC IGC IRP DC Giganet Individual users Consumer rights Diplo Child protection Human rights Development Environment Mainstream civil society organisations Women s movement Trades unions Faith groups

58 Internet networks Donors Government and intergovernmental partners CS networks CS organisations Network members Broader networks Business partners

59 Internet capabilities Importance / immediacy of decisions Priority / saliency for (civil society) actor Capacity to influence decision-makers/ specific decisions Expertise of (civil society) actor