Internet Structure and Organization
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1 Internet Structure and Organization Resources management and allocation
2 Introduction What s the Internet? Why organizations / bodies are needed? Define protocol specifications Agree on a process for standards Specify the rules of the IP resources allocation Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 2
3 Agenda Names, Acronyms in the Internet ISOC, IETF organisation ICANN & IANA Standardisation process for IPv6 Standard compliance Regional Internet Registries Requesting Internet resources Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 3
4 Internet History Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 4
5 Names, acronyms, ISOC Internet Society IAB Internet Architecture Board IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 5
6 Names, acronyms /3 RIRs Regional Internet Registries LIRs Local Internet Registries NIRs National Internet Registries ISPs / Telcos Internet Service Providers Operators Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 6
7 Names, acronyms, /4 DNS Domain Name System Root NS Root Name Servers : 13 TLDs Top Level Domains :.net,.org,.eu,.edu, CC-TLDs :.fr,.nl,.uk G-TLDs :.com Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 7
8 Internet Organization Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 8
9 ISOC Internet Society Info : Association under US law Consortium of more than 150 organizations individual members in 180+ countries 75+ «ISOC national Chapters» Hosts IETF activities and related organizations (IESG, IAB, ) «Internet experts that comments on policies and practices» Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/2005 9
10 IETF organisation Areas : 8 Applications, Routing, operations & management, Area directors Working groups : 50? (Internet Area) : IPv6-wg, DHC-wg, L{2,3}vpn-wg, WG charter WG mailing list Meetings : 3 per year Attendees : everybody willing to Ref. doc : RFC 2418 & RFC 3160 Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
11 IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group Info: Set of ADs (8 Area Directors) + IETF chair IETF s chair is IESG s chair person Responsible for technical management of IETF activities Approves new IETF wg creation Review all IDs before they become an RFC Ref. Doc: RFC 2028 Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
12 IAB Internet Architecture Board Info : Responsible for defining the overall architecture of the Internet, policies implemented Advisory group for ISOC and IETF IAB nominates IETF s chair And approves the other IESG candidate members Ref. Doc : RFC 2850 Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
13 ICANN & IANA Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers Info: Internationally organised, non-profit corporation Dedicated to preserving the operational stability of the Internet, Achieving broad representation of global Internet communities Developing policies appropriate to its missions Responsible for IP address space allocation Protocol identifier assignment G-TLDs and CC-TLDs management Root Name servers management These services are contracted with and performed by IANA Info : Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
14 RFCs and standardisation process ID : Internet Draft (lifetime = 6 months) Personnal proposal : ID WG ID accepted WG last call IESG last call ID => RFC RFC : Informational Proposed Standard => Draft Standard => Standard Historic BCP Best Current Practice Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
15 IPv6 standardisation 1995 : First RFCs 1999 : Core specifications ready 2001 : transition mechanisms list closed 2004 : still working on MIPv6, encapsulation techs, MIBs, 11/2005: IPv6 wg has closed Specification and standardization work are ready Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
16 Standards compliance Be sure the protocol interoperates w/ different manufacturers equipements / implementations Take care of the standard compliance when purchasing a network equipment Not only looking at the function you wish to get / use Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
17 Regional Internet Registries RIRs Regional Internet Registries RIPE-NCC : Europe+ + North Africa + Middle East APNIC : Asia Pacific rim ARIN : North America + South Africa LacNIC : Latin America and Carribeans AfriNIC : Africa NIRs : in Japan and Korea LIRs (members of a RIR) Local Internet Registries Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
18 Regional Internet Registries Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
19 Whom requesting Internet resources from? Final user (customer) Ask your ISP (Academic or Commercial) ISP Ask a resource from your RIR Supposes you re a member of the RIR RIR Ask IANA Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
20 What Resources to request? Resources? IP prefix (IPv4 or IPv6) : set of IP addresses ASN : Autonomous System Number Requesting a domain name Ask your ISP, CC-TLD registry or G-TLD registry Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
21 ? ou Bernard.Tuy ATHENS, Paris 18/11/
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