Transport of dangerous goods on board of ships. by Philippe Holthof

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2 Transport of dangerous goods on board of ships by Philippe Holthof

3 Federal Public Service Mobility and Transport Maritime Transport Ship Policy Flag State Control Ship Safety Ship Control Seagoing vessels Inland Shipping Pleasure Cruising Port State Control Hazmat (Dangerous Goods Inspection) Inland Shipping Pleasure Cruising Inspection Ship Administration

4 Our mission: making dangerous goods non-dangerous! Dangerous Goods are not dangerous when they are correctly and adequately packed and are shipped with a minimum likelihood of spillage or leakage.

5 Hazmat inspections Where? Antwerp Zeebrugge Ghent Ostend What? Export CTUs (on quayside) Ship controls Warehouse controls

6 What + objective inspections Compliance with international and national regulations of dangerous goods transported as cargo on board of seagoing vessels Safe transport for ship, crew and marine environment Sensitise responsible persons in transport chain

7 Worldwide regulation for packaged dangerous goods: International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) IMDG Code Amdt worldwide mandatory, yet some provisions remain recommendatory (e.g. training) IMDG Code Amdt may be used since 1 January 07 and will be mandatory as from 1 January 08 The IMDG Code is part of the SOLAS convention and deals with the transport of packaged dangerous goods by sea The IMDG Code has been incorporated in the Belgian law via the law on the Safety of Ships and the Maritime Inspection Regulations The IMDG Code is published by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in three official IMO languages, i.e. English, French, Spanish

8 Contents IMDG Code The IMDG Code is applicable to all seagoing vessels, regardless of their Gross Tonnage. The IMDG Code does NOT apply to ships stores and equipment The IMDG Code covers two volumes and one supplement: Volume 1 with parts 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 Part Part Part Part Part 1 = general provisions, definitions and training 2 = classification (of dangerous goods) 4 = packing and tank provisions 5 = consignment procedures 6 = construction and testing of packagings, IBCs, large packagings, portable tanks and road tank vehicles Part 7 = provisions concerning transport operations Volume 2 with part 3 = dangerous goods list and limited quantities exceptions Supplement contains amongst others Emergency Procedures (EmS), Medical First Aid Guide (MFAG), Reporting Procedures, Packing Cargo Transport Units, etc.

9 Inspection of Cargo Transport Units Inspection of documents: Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) Container Packing Certificate (CPC) Competent Authority Approval (if required) Outside inspection CTU: CSC safety approval plate Condition of CTU Placards and marks Inside inspection CTU: Lashing & securing Labels and marks packages UN certification packagings

10 Percentage ratio CTUs ok/not ok for shipment after initial inspection 35% 65% No permission to load Permission to load

11 Percentage ratio deficiencies in relation to the total number of deficiencies UN certification Labelling & marking 2% 9% Lashing & securing 22% Documents 41% Placarding & marking 24% CSC 2%

12 Ship inspections Inspection of documents related to CTU: Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) Container Packing Certificate (CPC) Competent Authority Approval (if required) Inspection of documents related to ship: Letter/Document of Compliance (if applicable) Dangerous Goods/Cargo Manifest Stowage Plan (+ location Marine Pollutants)

13 Theory and practice

14 Documents: Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) and Container Packing Certificate (CPC)

15 Documents: DGD-CPC New since Amdt. 31: name and address of consignor and consignee shall be included

16 Dangerous Goods Declaration UN number Proper Shipping Name (to be followed by technical name if Special Provision 274 applies) Primary hazard class followed by subsidiary hazard class enclosed in parenthesis (if applicable) Packing Group Number and kind of packagings + total quantity of dangerous goods (Marine Pollutant + technical name, flashpoint, Limited Quantities, Empty Uncleaned also to be mentioned if applicable) Container/vehicle reg. n (Place and) date Signature Name (Place and) date Signature

17 Container/Vehicle Packing Certificate (not required for tanks)

18 Practical example DGD-CPC Conipur is a trade name rather than a Proper Shipping Name Number and kind of packagings not clearly specified UN number and Packing Group is the only valuable information Class 3 products are no longer subdivided since Amdt. 30 of the IMDG Code Flashpoint missing DGD not signed and CPC missing

19 Importance of DGD/CPC SOLAS, Chapter VII, Part A, Regulation 4

20 Marpol, Annex III, Regulation 4

21 Documentation IMDG Code

22 Outside inspection CTU CSC (Convention for Safe Containers) plate Condition of CTU Trailers: ferry trailer Tank containers: type and periodical inspection Class (and subsidiary risk class) placards and marks (UN number, Marine Pollutant, Proper Shipping Name, Elevated Temperature, ) should survive at least 3 months immersion in the sea

23 Examples outside CTU CSC plate expired (noacep) What does this mean? 2 sides and 2 ends is not 2 times 2 sides Invalid class placards Paper placards will not survive 3 months immersion in the sea

24 UN Number shall be displayed in black digits not less then 65 mm high Incorrect colour of class placard UN Number to be displayed when one UN number only Fumigated unit = UN 3359 (class 9) no fancy stickers please

25 What s wrong?

26 Less than 4 tonnes of one UN number (or more than one UN number of the same class) loaded in CTU... Text in placard not compulsory more than 4 tonnes gross of only one UN number UN number in placard or orange rectangular panel + PSN on tank sides Text Limited Quantities (or LTD QTY ) not less than 65 mm ok

27 Inside inspection CTU Lashing & securing Segregation Packages: Proper Shipping Name Class (and subsidiary risk) label(s) UN number Marine Pollutant mark Limited Quantities UN certification Damage yes/no

28 Examples inside CTU When a dangerous goods consignment forms only part of the load of a CTUit shall, preferably, be packed so as to be accessible (e.g. near the doors)...

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30 Insufficient dunnage used between the lower and top row of the drums. Insufficient lashing and securing (voids + crossbeam not supported) Drum dented caused by door beam Even before the CTU is put on board, class 8 product is already leaking Why should I secure my cargo? We ve not experienced any problems since I joined this company 20 years ago!

31 Before... after

32 The story continues

33 Void smack in the middle of the CTU drums not labelled nor marked Insufficient dunnage Drum dented caused by the door

34 Initial inspection CTU: dangerous cargo not secured Cargo secured prior to shipment

35 State infectious substances after only a short sea voyage cargo not secured and not loaded conform the IMDG Code

36 For UN 1378 drum should be hermetically sealed drums not stowed in an upright position (only authorized by a competent authority) Spilled product on floor (person signing CPC declares that CTU was clean and dry )

37 Dented and... ripped packagings

38 According to DGD: UN 1263 it turned out to be undeclared waste UN 1263 Drums damaged and bulged CTU stripped: punctured and loose drum covers

39 It is forbidden to load class 3 and 8 together with class 5.1 in the same CTU... No 3 metre segregation between class 4.1 and 8... No 3 metre segregation between class 6.1 and

40 Conflicting sub risk label Wrong UN n versus class... wrong class label versus UN number

41 No UN certification No valid UN certification for sea transportation The UN certification marking should be durable Correct UN certification

42 Imagine this (dangerous) cargo was yours... HANJIN PENNSYLVANIA November 2002

43 HYUNDAI FORTUNE March 2006

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45 Accidents do happen: Hazmat s reality show

46 Leakage UN 1263 under way from Portugal to South-America via Antwerp: Hazmat was on the scene

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48 The sea adventure There they go

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50 It rumbles on the focsle A good old-fashioned storm let s hope that your dangerous cargo has been properly braced and secured

51 Lashing (securing) of trailers on deck is one thing

52 securing the cargo in the trailer is another thing

53 ro-ro freighter FINNBIRCH Baltic October 2006: in gale force conditions cargo (inside the trailers) shifted. Ship made a 40 list and eventually sank.two crew members were killed.

54 A picture says more than a thousand words (part 1)

55 (part 2)

56 It happened on our doorstep MONT LOUIS (collision with OLAU BRITANNIA): 7 miles outside Ostend - August 1984 HERALD OF FREE ENTERPRISE: Zeebrugge March 1987

57 EVER DECENT (collision with NORWEGIAN DREAM): Dover Strait August 1999

58 HEINRICH BEHRMANN: Blankenberge November 2001 PELICAN 1: Western Scheldt July 2003 FOWAIRET: Western Scheldt September 2005 ROKIA DELMAS: Île de Ré October 2006

59 MSC NAPOLI : Western Channel - January 2007

60 SCHIEBORG: German Bight January 2005

61 Bon voyage!