Sakai IC-System: CIS Compaction Information System For Innovative Compaction QC Method of HMA Pavement

Transcription

1 Sakai IC-System: CIS Compaction Information System For Innovative Compaction QC Method of HMA Pavement Open House for Asphalt IC Demonstration US-89 & SR-180, American Fork, UT Brandon Crockett, M.S. Manager, Marketing & Business Development Sakai America, Inc.

2 Introduction of Sakai CIS: Compaction Information System

3 Benefits of Sakai CIS 1. Improved Quality of HMA Pavement 100% & Real time measurement for * Mat temperature * Roller passes * ICMV (CCV) 5. Safety Minimal QC inspectors during rolling CIS 2. Less Maintenance Cost Uniform & Sufficient compaction CCV Proof Rolling 4. Save Money & Time 3. Green Compaction Less fuel, money & time without useless roller pass Less CO 2 gas by efficient rolling

4 CIS Compaction Information System Sensors mounted on Roller Software (Office) GPS & Radio (Base ) CCV Accelerometer Controller Aithon PD ver. AutoCAD Temperature sensor CAD 3D or 2D GPS & Radio Interface box Aithon PD ver. Stand Alone Soil compaction Display computer USB Data management Analysis & Documentation Create project files Input coordinates, project name, etc. HMA compaction Aithon MT

5 Sakai IC-Roller Display Computer GPS & Radio Interface box Temperature sensor Accelerometer CCV controller

6 Temperature Sensor (Non contact infrared) Mat surface temperature Fan & filter protecting sensor from dust and moisture

7 Sakai ICMV; CCV (Compaction Control Value) ICMV; Intelligent Compaction Measured Values named by FHWA. Compaction index processed by drum acceleration TI ME ( s e c ) b Controller Accelerometer CCV a Hz RS232C I /O DI SPLAY SENSOR CA L a b LED display (OPT) 車両電源 24V 車両アース

8 CCV Formula CCV increases with an increase of pavement density and/or stiffness. Accelerometer Acceleration (G) 加速度 (G) Amplitude 振幅スペクトル spectrum 時間 ( 秒 ) A 2 A 4 f0 2f0 Frequency 振動数 (Hz) 軟い Soft Time (sec) FFT analyzer Stiffness 地盤の状態 Amplitude 振幅スペクトル spectrum Acceleration 加速度 (G) (G) A 時間 ( 秒 ) A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 1/2f0 f0 3/2f0 2f0 5/2f0 3f0 Frequency 振動数 (Hz) 固い Time (sec) Formula CCV Compacted = A + A + A + A A + A A 100

9 IC Systems by Various Makes Vendors IC system Accel ero meter Unit Measurement and Analyzing method CAD Compatibility Caterpillar CMV Yes None A 2Ω GeodynamikCMV = C AΩ a MDP P WV sinα + mv + b g g ( ) None Dynapac CMV Yes None A2 GeodynamikCMV = C A Ω Ω A 5 BouncingValue = A 0. Ω Ω None Sakai CCV Yes None A CCV + A + A + A A + A 0.5Ω 1.5Ω 2Ω 2.5Ω 3Ω 0.5Ω Ω + A 100 Yes(2&3D) Ammann ks Yes MN/m 2 ks = 4π f 2 mrγ t cos md + A ( ϕ) Yes Obayashi- Maeda Bomag Alfa Evib Yes Yes MN/m 2 MN/m 2 α = 1 ( m S + S ' i i i= 1 i= 1 Ft = S + S ' 0 0 F ( m + m ) g Ft + 1 (2πf ) m (1 ν ) 3 E = 2 B π α α 1.64α + 1 Z a = 2 ( 1 ν ) E VIB where, B = 2 F + m ) g 2 Ft ln L π 16 R π 2 ( 1 ν ) E VIB Fs L L B Yes(2&3D) None

10 Various ICMV Values Relative Values without dimension: 1) CCV developed & used by Sakai 2) CMV (Geodynamik) used by Hamm, Dynapac & CAT 3) Range: 1 (very soft clay) to 100 (very hard rock) 4) Relative values that can be correlated with pavement quality values such as density, FWD, LWD, etc. Absolute Values with dimension: 1) Ks (MN/m = Stiffness) by Ammann 2) Evib (MN/m 2 = Modulus) by Bomag

11 RTK-GPS & Radio

12 Color Coded On-Board Display Roller passes CCV: Compaction Control Value Mat temperature Reference of color coded indication Zoom in/out Data import/export Current data indications Roller symbol Start Measurement Pause End Status of signal transmissions of GPS & CCV

13 Software Office Software Aithon PD, AutoCAD 3D-AUTO CAD Compatible Design, data management, data analysis & documentation. Aithon PD, Stand Alone Data management, Analysis & documentation. Display; Aithon MT Monitor data & Project data management.

14 Flow of CIS Operation First day to use Install GPS, Radio & CIS on Roller Input GPS Antenna Position After Second day to use Switch on GPS, Roller & CIS Setup GPS Base Station & Radio Setup Communication at CIS Create Project Data File at CIS Select GPS Baud rate & check signal reception Create Project data file, Select UTC time & Geographic Coordinate, etc. Start/Stop Measurement / Export Data to USB stick at CIS Switch off CIS, Roller, & GPS

15 Create Project Data File both at CIS Display & Office

16 Prompt Report on IC Test Results in UT

17 NRP in about 50% of area is more than needed. It s waste of time, fuel and money. Roller Passes

18 Mat Temp. in 1 st Breakdown Pass 60 Breakdown rolling began below a required mat temp. of 120 o C in a 1/4 of a total rolling area. 140 Mat temperature only at the first passes were indicated. Extremely low Temperature areas

19 Stiffness (CCV) of Existing Base Layer 0 Stiffer Underlying Layer, Longer life of pavement! 100 Low CCV area

20 Stiffness (CCV) of HMA Layer over the Existing Base Layer Low CCV area

21 Examples of IC Test Results Conducted by Sakai

22 Sakai First IC Trial in CA, USA, 2006

23 Rainbow Rolling Pattern (No Special Instruction to Operator) Longitudinal joint Shoulder side Intelligent Compaction, Does it IC exists?, J. Sherocman, S. Rakowski and K. Uchiyama, Canadian Technical Asphalt Association (CTAA), 2007.

24 2 nd IC Test in FL, USA, 2008

25 Correlation between CCV & Density Does IC exists?, J. Sherocman, S. Rakowski and K. Uchiyama, CTAA, 2008.

26 FHWA/TPF Demonstration Projects Visit Intelligentcompaction.com

27 FHWA/TPF IC Demonstrations Sakai participated at 13 demos out of 16 in 13+1(CA) States between 2008 and CA:

28 Sakai Participation 08: 2/3

29 Sakai Participation 09: 4/5

30 Sakai Participation 10: 6/8

31 Ex.1; Broken HMA Pavement on Soft Subbase in Minnesota, 08 New HMA pavement constructed over soft subbase was destroyed by a mix haul truck.

32 Ex.2; Improved Uniformity of Roller Passes in Indiana, 09 By using the CIS, uniformity of roller passes were drastically improved. Before use of CIS After use of CIS

33 Ex.3; Night Paving Application in Wisconsin, 10 Even in night paving, the required mat temperature & roller passes were maintained by the CIS.

34 CIS is First IC System meeting FHWA Criteria, TRB as of Jan. 12 Improved Quality Control of Hot Mix Asphalt Paving Using Intelligent Compaction Technology, B. Horan, G. Chang, Q. Xu, and L. Gallivan, TRB, 2012.

35 Joint Research by FHWA & Sakai Innovative QC/QA Compaction Method for HMA Pavement using Intelligent Compaction (IC) Technology, H. Furuya, Y. Tsukimoto, H. Koseki, T. Mansell, L. Gallivan, and K. Uchiyama, ISAP, 2010.

36 CCV Proof Rolling Application in Tokyo, Japan, 2010 IC roller with Total Station System (TSS) for proof rolling application to subbase.

37 Find Target Spots by CCV Map Stiffness was measured by a falling lightweight deflectometer (LWD) at three spots with low (<30), medium (30-40) and high (>40) CCV, respectively. Medium CCV (30-40) Low CCV (<30) High CCV(>40)

38 Correlation of CCV & Stiffness CCV R 2 =0.83 E = CBR y = x R 2 E K30 = = = K HFWD Low Medium High Threshold: 130 KLWD (MN/m 3 )

39 Statistically Guaranteed Quality of the Subbase as Industrial Products 30 Frequency Relative Frequency [%] Threshold: 10 CCV 10 % of CCV < 10 Consumer s risk p=(μ,σ) P 10 % μ-1.28σ μ-σ σ σ M=Average μ+σ Standard deviation σ Consumer's risk: Statistic quality control criteria for industrial products

40 QC/QA Method; IC vs. Conventional IC covers 100 % compaction area. Current QC/QA compaction criteria: Limited number of cores and/or (nuclear) density gauge. Method Frequency Remarks USA Core sampling or Nuclear gauge 1 core/150m or 500t Stratified random sampling Japan Core sampling 1core/1,000 m 2 UK Indirect density gauge Core sampling 20m intervals 1core/1,000 m 1core/250m BS594987, at wheel-tracks 100 mm from unsupported edge

41 IC Demo in GA, USA 09 IC roller on GAB subbase, and HMA application

42 High Density but Low Stiffness (CCV)? Density level achieved was almost higher than 92%. But, CCV decreased with an increase of the density. Sakai CCV (%) Required TMD: 92% y = x R 2 = Gmm%

43 Depth of CCV Measurement CCV measures all the mechanical properties for three underlying layers of 0.6 m in depth from the surface. Soft subgrade with high moisture content lowered the stiffness and CCV measured on HMA pavement. HMA Pavement High Density? Low CCV Depth of CCV measurement: 0.6 m Aggregate Subbase Soft Subgrade with high moisture content Low Stiffness

44 Do You Like This Pavement? A key to construct durable and long lasting HMA pavement is to construct stiff underlying layers.

45 Conclusions Sakai CIS is the proven IC Technology through FHWA IC demo project between CIS is a good tool to construct durable pavement, because it can improve; 1) Uniformity of compaction by monitoring roller pass & compaction temperature, and 2) More accurate & faster QC/QA by real time & 100 % coverage measurement. Green rolling with less CO 2 gas by eliminating useless roller passes.

46 Next steps to move forward Training for Hwy agencies and paving contractors. Justify the initial investments.

47 Thank you! Contact info: Bandon Crockett Sakai America., Inc. 90 International Parkway Adairsville, GA, Office: , Ext 205 Moble: