UPSC Mantra An E Learning Experience

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1 UPSC Mantra An E Learning Experience " It s not a Website, It s a Civil Service Insight" # Issue 26 Welcome Friends to UPSC Mantra!!! Education plays an important role in development of an individual. Indian government through different plans, policies and programmes tries to provide inclusive education. Through different programmes such as Total Literacy Campaigns, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and now Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan government is trying to develop human resource which is critical for building a nation like India. Human resource development and management and specifically education development is emphasized by UPSC in Civil Services Examination. Keeping this in mind today s newsletter introduces you coverage of education at UPSC Mantra. Best wishes, UPSC Mantra Team Index Article 1: Inclusive Education Article 2: Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan Inclusive Education Education or teaching in the broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual. In its technical sense education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another. Teachers in educational institutions direct the education of students and might draw on many subjects, including reading, writing, mathematics, science and history. This process is sometimes called schooling when referring to the education of teaching only a certain subject, usually as professors at institutions of higher learning. There is also education in fields for those who want specific vocational skills, such as those required to be a pilot. In addition there is an array of education possible at the informal level, such as in museums and libraries, with the Internet and in life experience. Many non traditional education options are now available and continue to evolve. In its broadest and all encompassing meaning, inclusive education, as an approach, seeks to address the learning needs of all children, youth and adults with a specific focus on those who are vulnerable to marginalization and exclusion. It implies all learners, young people with or without disabilities being able to learn together through access to common pre school provisions, schools and community educational setting with an appropriate

2 network of support services. Thus the education should be learner centered as shown in following chart: This is possible only in a flexible education system that assimilates the needs of a diverse range of learners and adapts itself to meet these needs. It aims at all stakeholders in the system (learners, parents, community, teachers, administrators and policy makers) to be comfortable with diversity and see it as a challenge rather than a problem. The different sectors for inclusive education are as shown below: The essence of human resource development is that education must play a significant and interventionist role in remedying imbalances in the socio economic fabric of the country.

3 Basic education has also greatly contributed to the quality of human life, particularly with regard to life expectancy, infant mortality, learning levels and nutritional status of children, etc. Several new initiatives have been taken by the Government placing emphasis on decentralization with the participation of people at the grass root level. Consequently, universal basic education has vastly contributed to social justice and equity, and participative economic growth. Education for All programme, makes an effort to universalize elementary education by community ownership of the school system. It is a response to the demand for quality basic education all over the country and seeks to ensure access, retention and quality improvement. It reiterates the need to focus on girls' education to equalize educational opportunities and eliminate gender disparities. The movement towards Education for All (EFA) encompasses six goals as shown below: At UPSC Mantra we have covered details of different facets and angles of education and human resource development (as shown above). This coverage will be helpful for preparing civil services examinations. RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (RMSA) Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) which is the most recent initiative of Government of India to achieve the goal of universalisation of secondary education (USE) during the 11th plan at a total cost of Rs.20,120 crore. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RSMA) is aimed at expanding and improving the standards of secondary education classes VIII to X. The RSMA would also take secondary education to every corner of the country by ensuring a secondary school (up to class X) within a radius of 5km for every neighborhood. Vision The vision for secondary education is to make good quality education available, accessible and affordable to all young persons in the age group of years. With this vision in mind, the following is to be achieved: 1. To provide a secondary school within a reasonable distance of any habitation, which should be 5 kilometer for secondary schools and 7 10 kilometers for higher secondary schools 2. Ensure universal access of secondary education by 2017 (GER of 100%), and Universal retention by

4 Goals Providing access to secondary education with special references to economically weaker sections of the society, the educationally backward, the girls and the disabled children residing in rural areas and other marginalized categories like SC, ST, OBC and Educationally Backward Minorities (EBM). In order to meet the challenge of Universalisation of Secondary Education (USE), there is a need for a paradigm shift in the conceptual design of secondary education. The guiding principles in this regard are: Objectives The objectives of RMSA are: 1. To ensure that all secondary schools have physical facilities, staffs and supplies. 2. To improve access to secondary schooling to all young person according to norms. However in hilly and difficult areas, these norms can be relaxed. Preferably residential schools may be set up in such areas. 3. To ensure that no child is deprived of secondary education of satisfactory quality due to gender, socio economic, disability and other barriers. 4. To improve quality of secondary education resulting in enhanced intellectual, social and cultural learning. To ensure that all students pursuing secondary education receive education of good quality vi) Achievement of the above objectives would also, inter alia, signify substantial progress in the direction of the Common School System. Don t act in remote corners. Come join the interactive synergy at UPSC Mantra!!!

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