SOC SOC. Sense of Coherence SOC SOC SOC SOC 2014; 56 (5): doi: /sangyoeisei.B14002

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1 2014; 56 (5): SOC SOC SOC SOC Sense of Coherence SOC SOC SOC SOC SOC Brief Scales for Coping Profile BSCP SOC SOC BSCP SOC 9 4 BSCP J-STAGE moriokai@wakayama-med.ac.jp) SOC SOC SOC SOC 2014; 56(5): doi: /sangyoeisei.B14002 Gender difference Multiple regression analysis Nurse Occupational stress reaction Sense of Coherence: SOC I 1, 2) Sense of Coherence SOC 3) SOC 3 SOC 4) SOC 5)

2 SOC SOC 153 SOC 6 8) SOC 9) 24 63, ,594 10) 1,067, , 11) 5, 7, 12, 13) SOC 14) 15) 16) ) SOC SOC SOC SOC A SOC SOC II 1 A ) SOC SOC Antonovsky 18) SOC-13 19) SOC-13 3? 5? 4? Cronbach )

3 ) 5 57 Cronbach Brief Scales for Coping Profile BSCP 21) BSCP Cronbach Fisher SOC t-test SOC SOC 1 SOC BSCP6 2 SOC BSCP6 Spearman r=0.704 SPSS Statistics 19.0 SPSS Inc III 1 Table

4 SOC SOC 155 Table Basic attributes of subjects Male (n=51) ICU CCU HCU Female (n=51) Age (yr) Marital status Married* 20 3 Single Child # Having children* 13 1 Childless Nursing career (yr) Managerial Position # Holding an office 4 1 No specific office Work place (Multiple answers) Internal medicine ward 6 6 Surgery ward Emergency room (ICU, CCU, HCU) Mixed 7 7 Operating room 5 5 Others 6 5 Qualification (Multiple answers) Public health nurse 9 9 Nurse Others 0 0 # A non-responder was excluded. *p<0.05 (Fisher s exact test). 2 SOC SOC Table 2 SOC BSCP SOC-13 Table 2. Characteristics of SOC, occupational stress and BSCP of subjects Male (n=51) Female (n=51) Mean SD Mean SD SOC-13 Total scores Sense of comprehensibility Sense of manageability Meaningfulness Stressor Quantitative overload Mental demand ** Subjective physical burden Characteristic job stressors Stress by workplace environment * Job control Degree of practical use of skill Job fitness Work worth Stress reaction Lack of vigor Irritability Fatigue Anxiety Depressed mood * Psychological Somatic Influencing factors Supervisor support *** Coworker support * Family support Satisfaction with work life BSCP Changing mood Active solution Emotional expression * Seeking help for a solution ** Changing a point of view Avoidance and suppression ** SD: standard deviation *p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001 (t-test)

5 Table 3. Standard partial regression coefficients of multiple regression analysis (forced entry method): Model 1 Male (n=51) Female (n=51) Psychological Somatic Psychological Somatic SOC-13 Total scores 0.480** 0.544* 0.505** Stressor Quantitative overload * Mental demand * Subjective physical burden Characteristic job stressors Stress by workplace environment Job control Degree of practical use of skill Job fitness Work worth Influencing factors Supervisor support Coworker support Family support Satisfaction with work life BSCP Changing mood Active solution ** Emotional expression Seeking help for a solution 0.249* Changing a point of view Avoidance and suppression Age (yr) Adjusted R 2 value p<0.1, * p<0.05, ** p< BSCP SOC 3 SOC SOC Model 1 Table 3 SOC BSCP SOC BSCP SOC SOC SOC Model 2 Table 4

6 SOC SOC 157 Table 4. Standard partial regression coefficients of multiple regression analysis (forced entry method): Model 2 Psychological Male (n=51) Somatic Female (n=51) Psychological Somatic SOC-13 Sense of comprehensibility Sense of manageability ** Meaningfulness Stressor Quantitative overload * Mental demand * Subjective physical burden Characteristic job stressors Stress by workplace environment Job control Degree of practical use of skill Job fitness Work worth Influencing factors Supervisor support Coworker support Family support Satisfaction with work life BSCP Changing mood Active solution * Emotional expression Seeking help for a solution Changing a point of view Avoidance and suppression Age (yr) Adjusted R 2 value p<0.1, * p<0.05, ** p<0.01. BSCP IV ) )

7 SOC BSCP SOC 24) SOC ) 21 10, ) BSCP 26) ) 3 SOC 3 14) % 10, 11) 27) SOC 4 SOC 5)

8 SOC SOC Spearman 5 SOC-13 SOC BSCP6 SOC SOC BSCP SOC BSCP6 SOC SOC SOC 28) SOC SOC 1 V A SOC SOC 1. SOC SOC 9 4 BSCP6 4. SOC SOC COI COI 1) Lazarus RS Folkman S : 1984/1991; ) [ 4 ] : 2007; ) Antonovsky A : 1987/2001; ) SOC SOC : 2008: ) Sense of Coherence 2013; 36: )

9 ; 109: ) 2011; 53: ) ; 59: ) ; ) 25 I 1 (5) [Online] [cited 2014 Jun 16]; Available from: URL: 11) : 25 I 1 (4) [Online] [cited 2014 Jun 16]; Available from: URL: publication/toukei/pdf/toukei04.pdf. 12) 2003; 4: ) QOL 2006; 29: ) SOC 2011; 29: ) 60 Sense of Coherence 2003; 26: ) SOC SOC : 2008: ) [Online] [cited 2014 Jun 16]; Available from: URL: 18) Antonovsky A : 1987/2001; ) SOC SOC 2009; 42: ) ) (BSCP) 2004; 46: ) 22 III [Online] [cited 2014 Jun 16]; Available from: URL: 23) ; 7: ) Sense of Coherence 2012; 37: ) ; ) 3 BSCP 2004; 46: ) 2008; 10: ) SOC SOC : 2008:

10 SOC SOC 161 Sense of Coherence (SOC), Occupational Stress Reactions, and the Relationship of SOC with Occupational Stress Reactions among Male Nurses Working in a Hospital Eri Yoshida 1, Kazuko Yamada 1 and Ikuharu Morioka 1 1 Graduate School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, 580 Mikazura, Wakayama , Japan Objectives: There is limited information about the sense of coherence (SOC), stress reactions and the relationship between SOC and stress reactions in male nurses. The aim of this survey was to clarify SOC, stress reactions, and the relationship of SOC with stress reactions in male nurses working in a hospital. Methods: Fifty-one male and 51 female nurses took part in a questionnaire survey. Each female subject was matched with a male of the same age (within 1 year), qualifications (nurse only or both nurse and public health nurse), and work place (internal medicine ward, surgery ward or others). The question items were basic attributes, SOC, Brief Job Stress Questionnaire and Brief Scales for Coping Profile (BSCP). To examine the relationship between the SOC and stress reactions, a multiple regression analysis was performed with psychological or somatic, as the dependent variable. Results: The median age of male nurses was 27 (interquartile range: 24 30) years. The median length of their working career was 4 (2 7) years. There were no gender differences in the total scores of SOC. Among the stressors, the conditions of mental demand were better in male nurses, but the conditions of stress by workplace environment were worse than in female nurses. Depressive mood, one of the stress reactions, was worse in male nurses. Support from supervisors and coworkers that had an effect on stress reactions were weaker in male nurses than in female nurses. In the subscales of BSCP, emotional expression to others and avoidance and suppression were more often used by male nurses, but seeking help for a solution to problems was less frequently used by them than by female nurses. There were significant relationships between the total score of SOC and psychological and somatic in both sexes, even when adjusted for 9 stressor factors, 4 factors that had an effect on stress reactions, and 6 subscales of the BSCP and age. The sense of manageability, one of the subscales of SOC, showed significant relationships with psychological and somatic only in male nurses. Conclusions: The SOC showed no sex difference. The depressive reaction was stronger in male nurses. The relationship of the subscale of SOC to psychological and somatic showed a gender difference, although the total scores of SOC showed similar tendencies in both sexes. (San Ei Shi 2014; 56: )