Strategic Studies. Ronald HATTO. Syllabus

Transcription

1 Année universitaire 2013/2014 Collège universitaire Semestre d automne Strategic Studies Ronald HATTO Syllabus Course Description and Objectives The course examine the theories and concepts that form the basic of strategic studies as a distinct subfield of international relations (IR). The course presents the key ideas and themes of strategic studies, which deals with the preparation and use of military power to serve the ends of politics but also what are the means to avoid the use of force. Please note that the course is NOT directly interested in ethical and normative problems linked to the use of force. To adopt Robert Cox s terminology, the lecture is much more Problem-Solving than Critical. That is why we do not really address notions like just wars or democratic peace.the course aims to guide students through a wide-ranging survey of theoretical and practical aspects of strategic studies. It will include sections on the uses of strategic theory, instruments of war - land, sea, and air power - and their evolution, nuclear strategy, limited war, small wars and counter-insurgency, arms control, and war termination. The course tries to strike a balance between theoretical works and case studies. The goal is thus to link the study of strategy with the realities of modern politics. The ultimate aim is to help students practice the skills that are critical to success in public service as well as the private sector deep intellectual knowledge of the core issues of our time; analytical thinking and effective writing skills. Students are also expected to engage the readings fully and actively participate in seminar discussions and debates in the limits of the format of a lecture. Course validation 1) A Midterm Take-Home Exam (50%) 2) A Final Take-Home Exam (50%)

2 1. Introduction: The importance of the use of force and coercive diplomacy in world politics + What are Strategic Studies? Reading: BETTS, Richard K., Is Strategy an Illusion?, International Security, Vol. 25, No. 2, 2000, pp Land Warfare Part. 1 Evolution and Types of Warfare Reading: SHIMSHONI, Jonathan, Technology, Military Advantage, and World War I: A Case for Military Entrepreneurship, International Security, Vol. 15, No. 3, , pp Naval Warfare Reading: LAUTENSCHLAGER, Karl, Technology and the Evolution of Naval Warfare, International Security, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1983, pp Air Warfare Reading: PAPE, Robert A., The True Worth of Air Power, Foreign Affairs Vol. 83, No. 2, 2004, pp Weapons of Mass Destruction/Unconventional Weapons Reading: McNAUGHER, Thomas L., Ballistic Missiles and Chemical Weapons: The Legacy of the Iran-Iraq War, International Security, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1990, pp Part. 2 Strategic Issues of the 21 st Century 6. Asymmetric Wars and Counterinsurgency Reading: MAZZAR, Michael J. The Folly of Asymmetric War, The Washington Quarterly, Vol.31, No. 3, 2008, pp Nuclear Deterrence and Proliferation Reading: GRAY, Colin S., To Confuse Ourselves: Nuclear Fallacies in The Second Nuclear Age, Boulder, Lynne Rienner, 1999.

3 8. Arms Control and Disarmament Reading: JERVIS, Robert, Arms Control, Stability, and Causes of War, Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 108, No. 2, 1993, pp Peace Operations and Privatization of Security Reading: TARDY, Thierry, A Critique of Robust Peacekeeping in Contemporary Peace Operations, International Peacekeeping, Vol. 18, No. 2, 2011, pp The Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) and Communication Technology Reading: TOGUCHI, Robert M. & RINALDO, Richard J., Land Warfare in the Information Age, The Land Warfare Paper, No. 47, September Part. 3 Conclusions 11. The New Agenda for Strategic Studies Reading: BRIGGS, Chad M. Environmental Change, Strategic Foresight, and Impacts on Military Power, Parameters, Vol. 40, Autumn 2010, pp What Future for Strategy and Strategic Studies? Reading: GRAY, Colin S., New Directions for Strategic Studies? How Can Theory Help Practice?, Security Studies, Vol. 1, No. 4,1992, pp

4 Bibliography Please note that some journals are available online and the following links can also be useful: ARON, Raymond (1984) Paix et guerre entre les nations, 8 ème Calmann-Lévy. édition, Paris, ARON, Raymond (1976) Penser la guerre (2 vol.), Paris, Gallimard. BALDWIN, David A. (1997) The Concept of Security, Review of International Studies, Vol. 23, No. 1, Pp BANEGAS, Richard (1998) «Le nouveau business mercenaire : de la guerre au maintien de la paix», Critique Internationale, No. 1. BATTISTELLA, Dario (2009) Théories des relations internationales, 3 ème Paris, Presses de Sciences-Po. édition, BAUD, Jacques (2003) La guerre asymétrique ou la défaite du vainqueur, Monaco, Éditions du Rocher. BAYLIS, John (2001) International Security and Global Security in the Post-Cold War Era in BAYLIS, John & SMITH, Steve (dir.), The Globalization of World Politics. An Introduction to International Relations, 2 nd Edition, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp BAYLIS, John et WIRTZ, James J. (2002) Introduction in BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (dir.) (2002) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp

5 BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (dir.) (2002) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press. BYMAN Daniel & VAN EVERA Stephen (1998) Why They Fight: Hypothesis on the Causes of - Contemporary Deadly Conflict, Security Studies, Vol. 7, No. 3, Pp BEAUFRE, André (1963) Introduction à la stratégie, Paris, Hachette. BELLAMY, A. J., WILLIAMS, P. et GRIFFIN, S. (2004) Understanding Peacekeeping, Cambridge, Polity Press. BELLAMY, Christopher (1996) Knights in White Armour. The New Art of War and Peace, Londres, Hutchinson. BETTS, Richard K. (2000) Is Strategy an Illusion?, International Security, Vol. 25, No. 2, Pp BETTS, Richard K. (1997) Should Strategic Studies Survive?, World Politics, Vol. 50, No. 1, Pp BIDDLE, Stephen (2007) Iraq, Afghanistan, and American Military Transformation in BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (Ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, 2 nd edition, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp BIDDLE Stephen (1998) The Past as Prologue: Assessing Theories of Future Warfare, Security Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, Pp BIGO, Didier (1998) «Nouveaux regards sur les conflits» in SMOUTS, Marie-Claude (dir.), Les nouvelles relations internationales. Pratiques et théories, Paris, Presses de Sciences-Po, Pp BOYER, Yves (dir.) (1998) Une Révolution dans les Affaires Militaires?, Cahier No. 13, Paris, Fondation pour les Études de Défense. BRODIE, Bernard (1949) Strategy as a Science, World Politics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Pp BULL, Hedley (1983) Strategic Studies and its Critics in KNORR, Klaus (dir.), Power, Strategy, and Security, Princeton, Princeton University Press, Pp BUZAN, Barry (1991) People, States & Fear. An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era, Boulder, Lynne Rienner.

6 BUZAN, Barry & HERRING, Eric (1998) The Arms Dynamic in World Politics, Boulder, Lynne Rienner. BUZAN, Barry, WAEVER, Ole & de WILDE, Jaap (1998) Security. A New Framework of Analysis, Boulder, Lynne Rienner. BYMAN Daniel et WAXMAN, Matthew (2002) The Dynamics of Coercion. American Foreign Policy and the Limits of Military Might, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. BYMAN Daniel et VAN EVERA Stephen (1998) Why They Fight: Hypothesis on the Causes of Contemporary Deadly Conflict, Security Studies, Vol. 7, No. 3, Pp CHALIAND, Gérard (1990) Anthologie mondiale de la stratégie. Des origines au nucléaire, Paris, Robert Laffont. CHALIAND, Gérard (1988) Terrorismes et guérillas, Bruxelles, Éditions Complexe. CHALIAND, Gérard (1984) Stratégies de la guérilla. Guerres révolutionnaires et contre-insurrections. Anthologie historique de la Longue Marche à nos jours, 2 ème édition, Paris, Gallimard. CIRINCIONE, Joseph, WOLFSTAL, Jon B. & RAJKUMAR, Miriam (2005) Deadly Arsenals. Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Threats, 2 nd edition, Washington D.C., Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. CLAUSEWITZ, Carl Von (1955) De la guerre, Paris, Éditions de Minuit. COHEN, Eliot A. (1996) Military Power and International Order. Is Force Finished? in C.A. CROKER, F.O. HAMPSON et P. AALL (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, United States Institute of Peace Press, Pp COKER, Chistopher (2001) Humane Warfare, Londres Routledge. CONNAUGHTON, Richard (1992) Military Intervention in the 1990 s. A New Logic of War, Londres, Routledge. CRENSHAW, Martha (2007) Terrorism and Global Security in CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Leashing the Dogs of War. Conflict Management in a Divided World, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp

7 CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.) (2001) Turbulent Peace. The Challenge of Managing International Conflict, Washington D.C., US Institute of Peace Press. CROCKER, C. A., HAMPSON, F. O. & AALL, P. (1996) Conclusion in CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp COUTEAU-BÉGARIE, Hervé (1999) Traité de stratégie, Paris, Economica. DAVID, Charles-Philippe (2000) La guerre et la paix. Approches contemporaines de la sécurité et de la stratégie, Paris, Presses de Sciences-Po. DAVID, Charles-Philippe (dir.) (1989) Les études stratégiques. Approches et concepts, Montréal, Méridien/CQRI/FEDN. DAVID, Charles-Philippe et ROCHE, Jean-Jacques (2002) Théories de la sécurité, Paris, Montchrestien. DAVIS, Malcolm R. & GRAY, Colin S. (2002) Weapons of Mass Destruction in BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (Ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp DE MONTBRIAL, Thierry et KLEIN, Jean (dir.) (2000) Dictionnaire de stratégie, Paris, PUF. DESPORTES, Vincent (2001) Comprendre la guerre, 2 ème édition, Paris, Economica. DIEHL, Paul F. (1994) International Peacekeeping, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press. DOUGHERTY, James E. & PFALTZGRAFF, Robert L. Jr. (2001) Contending Theories of International Relations. A Comprehensive Survey, 5 ème édition, New York, Addison, Wesley, Longman, Pp DUNNIGAN, James F. (1993) How to Make War. A Comprehensive Guide to Modern Warfare for the Post-Cold War Era, 3 ème édition, New York, William Morrow and Company. DUYVESTEN, Isabelle & ANGSTROM, Jan (Ed.) (2005) Rethinking the Nature of War, London, Frank Cass.

8 FIERKE, K.M. (2002) Meaning, Method and Practice: Assesing the Changing Security Agenda in LAWSON, Stephanie (dir.), The New Agenda for International Relations. From Polarization to Globalization in World Politics?, Cambridge, Polity Press, Pp FORTMANN, Michel (2000) «À l Ouest rien de nouveau? Les théories sur l avenir de la guerre au seuil du XXIe siècle», Études Internationales 31 (1), Pp FREEDMAN, Lawrence (2003) The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, 3ème edition, New York, Palgrave. FREEDMAN, Lawrence (1984) Indignation, Influence and Strategic Studies, International Affairs, Vol. 60, No. 2, Pp GARNETT, John (2002) The Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace in BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (Ed.) (2002) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp GILLIGAN, M. & STEDMAN, S. J. (2003) Where Do the Peacekeepers Go?, International Studies Review, Vol. 5, No. 4, GRAY, Colin S. (1999) Modern Strategy, Oxford, Oxford University Press. GRAY, Colin S. (1992) New Directions for Strategic Studies? How Can Theory Help Practice?, Security Studies, Vol. 1, No. 4, Pp GRAY, Colin S. (1990) War, Peace, and Victory. Strategy and Statecraft for the Next Century, New York, Simon and Schuster. GURR, Ted Robert (1996) Minorities, Nationalists, and Ethnopolitical Conflict in CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp HOFFMAN, Frank G. (2006) Complex Irregular Warfare: The Next Revolution in Military Affairs, Orbis Vol. 50, No. 3, HOLSTI, Kalevi J. (1996) The State, War, and the State of War, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. HOWARD, Michael (2002) The Invention of Peace & the Reinvention of War, Revised Edition, Londres, Profile Books.

9 HOWARD, Michael (1988) (1976) La guerre dans l histoire de l Occident, Paris, Fayard. HOWARD, Michael (1983) The Causes of Wars, 2 ème édition, Cambridge, Harvard University Press. JEAN, Carlo (2002) Clausewitz and Bin Laden in ANNUNZIATA, Lucia et DASSU, Marta (dir.), Conflicts in the 21 st Century, Rome, Aspen Institute Italia, Pp JENTELSON, Bruce W. (dir.) (2000) Opportunities Missed, Opportunities Seized. Preventive Diplomacy in the Post-Cold War World, New York, Carnegie. KEEGAN, John (1993) A History of Warfare, New York, Alfred Knopf. KIRAS, James D. (2002) Terrorism and Irregular Warfare in BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (Ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp KITSON, Frank (1971) Low Intensity Operations. Subversion, Insurgency and Peacekeeping, Londres, Faber & Faber. KLEIN, Bradley S. (1994) Strategic Studies and World Order. The Global Politics of Deterrence, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. KRAUSE, Keith & WILLIAMS, Michael C. (dir.) (1997) Critical Security Studies, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press. LEVY, Jack S. (1996) Contending Theories of International Conflict, CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp LINDEMANN, Thomas (2000) «Les néo-idéalistes et l étude de la guerre», Revue Française de Science Politique, Vol. 50, No. 3, Pp LUND, Michael S. (1996) Early Warning and Preventive Diplomacy in CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp LUTTWAK, Edward N. (1999) Give War a Chance, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 78, No. 4, Pp LUTTWAK, Edward N. (1989) Le paradoxe de la stratégie, Paris, Éditions Odile Jacob.

10 MACK, Andrew (1983) Why Big Nations Lose Small Wars: The Politics of Asymmetric Conflict in KNORR, Klaus (dir.), Power, Strategy, and Security, Princeton, Princeton University Press, Pp MANDEL, Robert (2002) Armies Without States: The Privatization of Security, Boulder, Lynne Rienner. MASON, T. David (2003) Globalization, Democratization, and the Prospect for Civil War in the New MIllenium, International Studies Review 5 (4): MEAD EARLE, Edward (dir.) (1980) (1943) Les maîtres de la stratégie, 2 volumes, Paris, Flammarion. MEYER, Stephen M. (1984) The Dynamics of Nuclear Proliferation, Chicago, Chicago University Press. MINGST, K.A et KARNS, M.P. (1995) The United Nations in the Post-Cold War Era, Boulder, Westview Press, Pp MURAWIEC, Laurent (2000) La guerre au 21 ème siècle, Paris Odile Jacob. MURAWIEC, Laurent (1998) «La révolution dans les affaires militaires aux États- Unis : puissance de l innovation», Défense Nationale 7/98. NINCIC, Miroslav & LEPGOLD, Joseph (dir.), Being Useful. Policy Relevance and International Relations Theory, Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press, NYE Jr., Joseph, Understanding International Conflicts. An Introduction to Theory and History, 6 th Edition, New York, Longman, ORME, John (1997/98) The Utility of Force in a World of Scarcity, International Security, Vol. 22, No. 3, Pp PAUL, T.V. (1999) Great Equalizers or Agents of Chaos? Weapons of Mass Destruction and the Emerging International Order in T.V. PAUL & J.A. HALL (Ed.), International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Pp PAYNE, Keith B. & WALTON, C. Dale (2002) Deterrence in the Post-Cold War World in BAYLIS, J., WIRTZ, J., COHEN, E. & GRAY, C. S. (Ed.) Strategy in the Contemporary World. An Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp

11 PRICE, Richard et TANNENWALD, Nina (1996) Norms and Detterence: The Nuclear and Chemical Weapons Taboos in KATZENSTEIN, Peter J. (dir.), The Culture of National Security. Norms and Identity in World Politics, New York, Columbia University Press, Pp QUESTER, George H. (2006) Nuclear First Strike: Consequences of a Broken Taboo, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press. RASMUSSEN, Mikkel Vedby (2006) The Risk Society at War: Terror, Technology and strategy in the Twenty-First Century, Cambridge, CUP. REYSSET, Pascal et WIDEMANN Thierry (1997) La pensée stratégique, Paris, PUF, Collection Que sais-je? No ROBERTS, Adam (1996) The Crisis in UN Peacekeeping CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp ROTBERG, Robert I. & RABB, Theodore K. (dir.) (1989) The Origin and Prevention of Major Wars, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. SAGAN, Scott D. et WALTZ, Kenneth N. (1995) The Spread of Nuclear Weapons. A Debate, New York, W.W. Norton. SAIDEMAN, Stephen M. (2002) Overlooking the Obvious: Bringing International Politics Back into Ethnic Conflict Management, International Studies Review 4 (3), Pp SALAMÉ, Ghassan (1998) «Les guerres de l après-guerre froide» in Marie-Claude SMOUTS (dir.), Les nouvelles relations internationales : Pratiques et théories, Paris, Presses de Sciences Po, Pp SALAMÉ, Ghassan (1994) «L ONU, une organisation résiduelle?» in SMOUTS, Marie-Claude (dir.), L ONU et la guerre. La diplomatie en kaki, Bruxelles, Éditions Complexes, Pp SHEEHAN, Michael (2008) The Changing Character of War in BAYLIS, John, SMITH, Steve & OWENS, Patricia (dir.) The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, 4 th Edition,Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp SINGER, Peter W. (2003) Corporate Warriors. The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry, Ithaca, Cornell University Press.

12 SMITH, Dan (2003) Atlas des guerres et des conflits dans le monde, Paris, Autrement. SMITH, Eugene B. (2002) The new condottieri and US Policy: The Privatization of Conflict and Its Implications, Parameters. Disponible sur internet à l adresse suivante: SMITH, Rupert (2005) The Utility of Force. The Art of War in the Modern World, London, Penguin Books. SNOW, Donald M. (1996) Uncivil Wars. International Security and the New Internal Conflicts, Boulder, Lynne Rienner. SNYDER, Craig (dir.) (1999) Contemporary Security and Strategy, Londres, Macmillan Press. STROBEL, Warren P. The Media and U.S. Policies Toward Intervention in CROCKER, C., HAMPSON, F.O. et AALL, P. (dir.), Managing Global Chaos. Sources and Responses to International Conflict, Washington, US Institute of Peace Press, Pp SUN TZU (1972) (1963) L art de la guerre, Paris, Flammarion. TARDY, Thierry (2000) «Ingérence humanitaire et logique de puissance», Revue française de Géoéconomie 14, Pp THAROOR, Shashi (1996) The Changing Face of Peacekeeping in BENTON, Barbara (dir.), Soldiers for Peace. Fifty Years of United Nations Peacekeeping, New York, Facts on File, Pp THOMPSON, Janice E.(1994) Mercenaries, Pirates and Sovereigns. State Building and Extraterritorial Violence in Early Modern Europe, Princeton, Princeton University Press. THORNTON, Rod (2007) Asymmetric Warfare. Threat and Response in the Twenty- First Century, Cambridge, Polity Press. TOWNSHEND, Charles (2002) Terrorism. A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, Oxford University Press. VAN CREVELD, Martin (1991) The Transformation of War, New York, Free Press. VAN CREVELD, Martin (1989) Technology and War: From 2000 B.C. to the Present, New York, Free Press.

13 VAN EVERA, Stephen (1999) Causes of War. Power and the Roots of Conflict, Ithaca, Cornell University Press. VASQUEZ, John A. (1993) The War Puzzle, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. VASQUEZ, J.A., JOHNSON, J.M., JAFFE, S. and STAMATO, L. (dir.) (1995) Beyond Confrontation. Learning Conflict Resolution in the Post-Cold War Era, Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press. VENNESSON, Pascal (2000) «Bombarder pour convaincre? Puissance aérienne, rationalité limitée et diplomatie coercitive au Kosovo», Cultures & Conflits 37, Pp VENNESSON, Pascal (1998) «Renaissante ou obsolète? La guerre aujourd hui», Revue Française de Science Politique 48 (3-4), Pp WALTZ, Kenneth N. (1959) Man, the State and War. A Theoretical Analysis, New York, Columbia University Press. WHITTAKER, David J. (2004) Terrorists and Terrorism in the Contemporary World, London, Routledge. WRIGHT, Quincy (1964) A Study of War, Abridged Edition, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.