CHAPTER: 3 DRUG INDUCED KIDNEY DISEASE. BY Mrs. K.SHAILAJA., M. PHARM., LECTURER DEPT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
|
|
|
- Morris Cole
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 DRUG INDUCED CHAPTER: 3 KIDNEY DISEASE BY Mrs. K.SHAILAJA., M. PHARM., LECTURER DEPT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, SRM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
2 INTRODUCTION Drug induced kidney disease or nephrotoxicity is a relatively common complication of several diagnostic and therapeutic agents. TYPES : 1. HAEMODYNAMIC CHANGES : It leads to ARF, ATN,Nephrotoxicity ACE inhibitors Angiotensin II antagonists NSAIDS
3 2INTRINSIC NEPHROTOXICITY TUCAE TUBULAR NECROSIS Aminoglycosides Cytotoxic drugs Radiocontrast ACUTE INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS NSAID Antibiotics Diuretics Proton pump inhibitors
4 GLOMERULOPATHY: NSAIDS Gold Pencillamide OBSTRUCTIVE NEPHROPATHY: Crystal uria Cytotoxic drugs Ciprofloxacin sulphonamides
5 RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS: Methysergide Bromocriptine methotrauxate
6 NSAID induced haemodynamic mechanisms: phospholipid phospholipase A Arachidonic acid 5 lipoxygenase cyclooxygenase I 5HPETE PGG II 5HETE PGH synthesis Leukotrienes PGH2 PGE2 LTA4,LTB4,LTC4 PGP2 LT receptor thromboxane synthase thromboxane
7 TREATMENT FOR HAEMODYNAMIC ARF: With drawl of drug Correct the renal blood flow Treat the hyperkalemia Serum potassium concentration should be carefully monitered
8 INTRINSIC NEPHROTOXICITY : ACUTE INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS: ETIOLOGY: Idiosyncratic allergic drug interactions Long term exposure of a drug Because of hospitalization for longer period This type of reactions occur after 2weeks of exposure CLINICAL FEATURES: Pyrexia Rash arthralgia
9 IgE concentration in serum will be increased Urine analysis microscopical exam shows the presence of leukocytes and neutrophils Delayed renaluptake of gallium 67 on scintigraphy Renal biopsy it shows inflammatory infilterate with variable number of eosinophils,lymphocytes,plasma cells TREATMENT: No need of renal replacement therapy and dialysis Withdrawl of drug Corticosteroids are helpful
10 DRUGS: Beta lactam antibiotics: Pencillin and cephalosporins Other antibiotics: Ciprofloxacin Rifampicin Sulphonamides NSAIDS: Ibuprofen Selective COX II inhibitors celecoxib
11 DIURETICS: Furosemide Thiazide PPI Omeprazole Lansoprazole OTHERS: Amodipine Allopurinol, rifampicin Dilthizem, phenytoin
12 Acute tubular necrosis : ANTIBIOTICS: Gentamycin Vancomycin ANTI VIRAL: Cidofovir Adefovir Tenofovir CYTOTOXIC DRUGS: Cisplantin,cyclosporin,mitomycin
13 Three phases: Intiation phase Maintenance phase Recovery phase HYPOTENSION, VASOCONSTRICTORS INCREASED NITRIC ACID SYNTHASE Increased NO, cytokines( IL 1 radicals)
14 Initiation phase: Ischemia/nephrotoxins Injury tubular epithelial cells Cell death/detachment of basement membrane Tubular necrosis Decreased blood volume/hypoperfusion Decreased in GFR, increased serum creatinine,bun concentration
15 MAINTENANCE PHASE : Tubular necrosis Tubular obstruction, increase in tubular permeability Sustained reduction in GFR azotemia,fluid retention,electrolyte imbalance,metabolic acidosis
16 RECOVERY PHASE: RENAL FUNCTION Repair and regeneration of renal tissues Stimulation of growth factors Repair and promoting the proliferation of renal tubular cells Tubular function restored Increase in renal volume Gradual decrease in serum creatinine and urea level
17 PREVENTION: Nephrotic agents should be avoided in : Geriatric patients Heart failure Liver disease Existing renal disease Renal artery stenosis Diabetes mellitus TREATMENT Withdrawal of the drug that is responsible for ATN Monitor the fluid balance Hydration status and electrolyte
18 Renal replacement therapy In emergency IV dopamine 1 3microgram /kg/minute is administered moa is selective vasodilation of renal disease GLOMERULOPATHY: NSAIDS cause glomerulopathy Immune complex reactions Immune complex gets deposited at the subepithelial space Antigen is PLA2R binds to A2 receptor OBSTRUCTIVE NEPHROPATHY: Due to obstruction Crystal and stone formation within uretic lumen
19 URATE NEPHROPATHY: Accumulation of uric acid Extensive cell lysis and purine catabolism results in rapid formation of uric acid
HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH RENAL DISEASES
RENAL DISEASE v Patients with renal insufficiency should be encouraged to reduce dietary salt and protein intake. v Target blood pressure is less than 135-130/85 mmhg. If patients have urinary protein
VPM 152. INFLAMMATION: Chemical Mediators
General Pathology VPM 152 INFLAMMATION: Chemical Mediators CHEMICAL MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION Definition: any messenger that acts on blood vessels, inflammatory cells or other cells to contribute to an
Southern Derbyshire Shared Care Pathology Guidelines. AKI guidelines for primary care
Southern Derbyshire Shared Care Pathology Guidelines AKI guidelines for primary care Contents: FLOW DIAGRAM: MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH AKI DETECTED IN PRIMARY CARE...2 FLOW DIAGRAM: POST AKI MANAGEMENT
Renal syndromes leading to abnormal kidney function:
Renal syndromes leading to abnormal kidney function: An abnormality in kidney function can be detected by the following: 1) changes in serum creatinine concentration, reflecting changes in GFR 2) abnormalities
Lung Pathway Group Pemetrexed and Cisplatin in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Indication: NICE TA181 First line treatment option in advanced or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC (histology confirmed as adenocarcinoma or large cell carcinoma) Performance status 0-1 Regimen details: Pemetrexed
Cyclooxygenase and NSAIDs
Cyclooxygenase and NSAIDs Cyclooxygenase An enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins Two forms, COX1 and COX2 Contains two separate active sites for prostaglandin synthase One side contains
Kidney Disease WHAT IS KIDNEY DISEASE? TESTS TO DETECT OR DIAGNOSE KIDNEY DISEASE TREATMENT STRATEGIES FOR KIDNEY DISEASE
Kidney Disease WHAT IS KIDNEY DISEASE? Kidney disease is when your kidneys are damaged and not functioning as they should. When kidney disease is not going away it is called chronic kidney disease or CKD.
Acute Renal Failure. usually a consequence.
Acute Renal Failure usually a consequence www.philippelefevre.com Definitions Pathogenisis Classification ICU Incidence/ Significance Treatments Prerenal Azotaemia Blood Pressure Cardiopulmonary Baroreceptors
IM 655 Nephrology Clerkship. Selective/Elective Clerkship Rotation Syllabus
IM 655 Nephrology Clerkship Selective/Elective Clerkship Rotation Syllabus Osteopathic Medical Specialties Mary Hughes DO Chairperson, Instructor of Record Mary Hughes DO hughesm@msu.edu (100% for CLIFMS
Information for Childhood Cancer Survivors. Kidney Problems
Kidney problems Some chemotherapy drugs can affect the kidneys. The kidneys break down and remove many chemotherapy drugs from the body. When chemotherapy drugs get broken down, they may make products
William B. Schwartz Division of Nephrology Fellowship Training Program Curriculum
William B. Schwartz Division of Nephrology Fellowship Training Program Curriculum Consult/Transplant Servic Patient Care Take medical history Perform physical examination Urinalysis and sediment eval Interpret
Select the one that is the best answer:
MQ Kidney 1 Select the one that is the best answer: 1) n increase in the concentration of plasma potassium causes increase in: a) release of renin b) secretion of aldosterone c) secretion of H d) release
Southern Derbyshire Shared Care Pathology Guidelines. Hyperkalaemia
Southern Derbyshire Shared Care Pathology Guidelines Hyperkalaemia Purpose of Guideline Dealing with adult patients with Hyperkalaemia in the community Definition Serum potassium normal range is 3.5 5.3
Hydration Protocol for Cisplatin Chemotherapy
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Version: 1.3 CSPM2 Hydration Protocol for Cisplatin Chemotherapy Date to be reviewed: July 2018 No of pages: 9 Author(s): Tracy Parry-Jones Author(s) title: Lead Cancer
Case Study 6: Management of Hypertension
Case Study 6: Management of Hypertension 2000 Scenario Mr Ellis is a fit 61-year-old, semi-retired market gardener. He is a moderate (10/day) smoker with minimal alcohol intake and there are no other cardiovascular
Protocol for the safe administration of iodinated contrast media in diagnostic radiology
Protocol for the safe administration of iodinated contrast media in diagnostic radiology Protocol statement: This protocol applies to all staff within Radiology Departments at Heart of England NHS Foundation
Identifying and treating long-term kidney problems (chronic kidney disease)
Understanding NICE guidance Information for people who use NHS services Identifying and treating long-term kidney problems (chronic kidney disease) NICE clinical guidelines advise the NHS on caring for
Open the Flood Gates Urinary Obstruction and Kidney Stones. Dr. Jeffrey Rosenberg Dr. Emilio Lastarria Dr. Richard Kasulke
Open the Flood Gates Urinary Obstruction and Kidney Stones Dr. Jeffrey Rosenberg Dr. Emilio Lastarria Dr. Richard Kasulke Nephrology vs. Urology Nephrologist a physician who has been trained in the diagnosis
A patient guide to membranous nephropathy
A patient guide to membranous nephropathy Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kidney Care Department Delivering the best in care UHB is a no smoking Trust To see all of our current patient information leaflets please
Milwaukee School of Engineering Gerrits@msoe.edu. Case Study: Factors that Affect Blood Pressure Instructor Version
Case Study: Factors that Affect Blood Pressure Instructor Version Goal This activity (case study and its associated questions) is designed to be a student-centered learning activity relating to the factors
Approach to the Patient with Acute Renal Failure. Michael Ornes Abbott Northwestern Hospital
Approach to the Patient with Acute Renal Failure Michael Ornes Abbott Northwestern Hospital Definition Abrupt decrease in glomerular filtration rate Accumulation of urea and other metabolic byproducts
Good Review Practice. October 2009 Labeling
Guidance for Industry and Review Staff Labeling for Human Prescription Drug and Biological Products Determining Established Pharmacologic Class for Use in the Highlights of Prescribing Information Good
POAC CLINICAL GUIDELINE
POAC CLINICAL GUIDELINE Acute Pylonephritis DIAGNOSIS COMPLICATED PYELONEPHRITIS EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Male Known or suspected renal impairment (egfr < 60) Abnormality of renal tract Known or suspected renal
Renal Function Tests. Carmella L. D Addezio, DO, MS, FACOI, LTC, USAF, MC
Renal Function Tests Carmella L. D Addezio, DO, MS, FACOI, LTC, USAF, MC Goals and objectives At the end of this discussion you will be able to state: What test you should use to screen a patient for renal
Nursing 113. Pharmacology Principles
Nursing 113 Pharmacology Principles 1. The study of how drugs enter the body, reach the site of action, and are removed from the body is called a. pharmacotherapeutics b. pharmacology c. pharmacodynamics
Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Alliance
Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Alliance A principal source of information on psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis ) Treatments for Psoriatic Arthritis overview Although psoriatic arthritis is a chronic
Biologic Treatments for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Biologic Treatments Rheumatoid Arthritis (also known as cytokine inhibitors, TNF inhibitors, IL 1 inhibitor, or Biologic Response Modifiers) Description Biologics are new class of drugs that have been
Registered Charity No: 326679 Caring for those with a rare, complex and lifelong disease www.behcets.org.uk
Registered Charity No: 326679 Caring for those with a rare, complex and lifelong disease www.behcets.org.uk Behçet s Disease and the Kidneys How are the kidneys affected by Behçet s disease? Kidney disease
Autoimmunity and immunemediated. FOCiS. Lecture outline
1 Autoimmunity and immunemediated inflammatory diseases Abul K. Abbas, MD UCSF FOCiS 2 Lecture outline Pathogenesis of autoimmunity: why selftolerance fails Genetics of autoimmune diseases Therapeutic
Nierfunctiemeting en follow-up van chronisch nierlijden
Nierfunctiemeting en follow-up van chronisch nierlijden 12 Jan 2016 Patrick Peeters, M.D. Dept Nephrology Ghent University Hospital Plan of presentation 1/ Renal function determination: Measured GFR Estimated
THE ROLE OF RENAL BIOPSY IN GLOMERULAR DISEASES DIAGNOSTIC FRANCO FERRARIO FABIO PAGNI
THE ROLE OF RENAL BIOPSY IN GLOMERULAR DISEASES DIAGNOSTIC FRANCO FERRARIO FABIO PAGNI Nephropathology Center San Gerardo Hospital-Monza Milan-Bicocca University Italy Percutaneous Renal Biopsy has a fundamental
Docetaxel + Carboplatin + Trastuzumab (TCH) Adjuvant Breast Cancer
Docetaxel + Carboplatin + Trastuzumab (TCH) Adjuvant Breast Cancer Background: A non-anthracycline based regimen for high-risk, HER 2 positive breast cancer in the adjuvant setting (BCIRG 006). Patient
Inflammation and Healing. Review of Normal Defenses. Review of Normal Capillary Exchange. BIO 375 Pathophysiology
Inflammation and Healing BIO 375 Pathophysiology Review of Normal Defenses Review of Normal Capillary Exchange 1 Inflammation Inflammation is a biochemical and cellular process that occurs in vascularized
URINARY (RENAL) STONE (NEPHROLITHOISIS) An Overview
URINARY (RENAL) STONE (NEPHROLITHOISIS) An Overview UNIVERSITY OF PNG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES DIVISION OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES DISCIPLINE OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY PLB MBBS
ANIMALS FORM & FUNCTION BODY DEFENSES NONSPECIFIC DEFENSES PHYSICAL BARRIERS PHAGOCYTES. Animals Form & Function Activity #4 page 1
AP BIOLOGY ANIMALS FORM & FUNCTION ACTIVITY #4 NAME DATE HOUR BODY DEFENSES NONSPECIFIC DEFENSES PHYSICAL BARRIERS PHAGOCYTES Animals Form & Function Activity #4 page 1 INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE ANTIMICROBIAL
Diagnostics: Page 2 of 5
Proteinuria Proteinuria is a condition in which there are increased amounts of protein in the urine. There are a number of different diseases which can result in proteinuria. In the early stages of the
Cytotoxic and Biotherapies Credentialing Programme Module 2
Cytotoxic and Biotherapies Credentialing Programme Module 2 1. The Cell Cycle 2. Cancer Therapies 3. Adjunctive Therapies On completion of this module the RN will State the difference between a normal
Chronic Kidney Disease and the Electronic Health Record. Duaine Murphree, MD Sarah M. Thelen, MD
Chronic Kidney Disease and the Electronic Health Record Duaine Murphree, MD Sarah M. Thelen, MD Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Defined by the National Kidney Foundation Either a decline in
The digestive system eliminated waste from the digestive tract. But we also need a way to eliminate waste from the rest of the body.
Outline Urinary System Urinary System and Excretion Bio105 Lecture 20 Chapter 16 I. Function II. Organs of the urinary system A. Kidneys 1. Function 2. Structure III. Disorders of the urinary system 1
CHAPTER 20: URINARY SYSTEM
OBJECTIVES: 1. Name the major function of the urinary system, and name and locate (on a diagram) the organs that compose the system. 2. Explain what the term renal refers to. 3. Define the term retroperitoneal.
Basic Human Pathology Lecture #5 Acute Inflammation / Wound...
1. Basic Human Pathology Lecture #5 Acute Inflammation / Wound... 2. Overview: Tissue Responses to Damage Page - 1 3. 4. Page - 2 5. 6. Page - 3 7. Formation of Acute Inflammatory Exudate 8. Formation
A. Ketorolac*** B. Naproxen C. Ibuprofen D. Celecoxib
1. A man, 66 years of age, with a history of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is experiencing increasing pain at rest and with physical activity. He also has a history of depression and coronary artery disease.
High Blood Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease. For People With CKD Stages 1 4
High Blood Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease For People With CKD Stages 1 4 National Kidney Foundation s Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF-KDOQI ) The National Kidney Foundation s Kidney
Renovascular Hypertension
Renovascular Hypertension Philip Stockwell, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine (Clinical) Warren Alpert School of Medicine Cardiology for the Primary Care Provider September 28, 201 Renovascular Hypertension
MEASURING CARE QUALITY
MEASURING CARE QUALITY Region November 2015 For Clinical Effectiveness of Care Measures of Performance From: Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS ) HEDIS is a set of standardized performance
Interpretation of Laboratory Values
Interpretation of Laboratory Values Konrad J. Dias PT, DPT, CCS Overview Electrolyte imbalances Renal Function Tests Complete Blood Count Coagulation Profile Fluid imbalance Sodium Electrolyte Imbalances
LCD for Viral Hepatitis Serology Tests
LCD for Viral Hepatitis Serology Tests Applicable CPT Code(s): 86692 Antibody; Hepatitis, Delta Agent 86704 Hepatitis B Core Antibody (HBcAb); Total 86705 Hepatitis B Core Antibody (HBcAb); IgM Antibody
RELAPSE MANAGEMENT. Pauline Shaw MS Nurse Specialist 25 th June 2010
RELAPSE MANAGEMENT Pauline Shaw MS Nurse Specialist 25 th June 2010 AIMS OF SESSION Relapsing/Remitting MS Definition of relapse/relapse rate Relapse Management NICE Guidelines Regional Clinical Guidelines
Supplemental Material CBE Life Sciences Education. Su et al.
Supplemental Material CBE Life Sciences Education Su et al. APPENDIX Human Body's Immune System Test This test consists of 31 questions, with only 1 answer to be selected for each question. Please select
Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes
Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Lipids Hypercholesterolaemia is an important reversible risk factor for cardiovascular disease and should be tackled aggressively in all diabetic patients. In Type 1 patients,
Treatment Recommendations for CKD in Cats (2015)
All treatments for chronic kidney disease (CKD) need to be tailored to the individual patient. The following recommendations are useful starting points for the majority of cats at each stage. Serial monitoring
Omega-3 fatty acids improve the diagnosis-related clinical outcome. Critical Care Medicine April 2006;34(4):972-9
Omega-3 fatty acids improve the diagnosis-related clinical outcome 1 Critical Care Medicine April 2006;34(4):972-9 Volume 34(4), April 2006, pp 972-979 Heller, Axel R. MD, PhD; Rössler, Susann; Litz, Rainer
3% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP 5% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP
PRESCRIBING INFORMATION 3% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP 5% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP IV Fluid and Electrolyte Replenisher Baxter Corporation Mississauga, Ontario L5N 0C2 Canada Date of Revision:
Diabetic nephropathy is detected clinically by the presence of persistent microalbuminuria or proteinuria.
Kidney Complications Diabetic Nephropathy Diabetic nephropathy is detected clinically by the presence of persistent microalbuminuria or proteinuria. The peak incidence of nephropathy is usually 15-25 years
Acute Renal Failure. Mark D. Baldwin D.O. F.A.C.O.I. ACOI Board Review Course 2014
Acute Renal Failure Mark D. Baldwin D.O. F.A.C.O.I. ACOI Board Review Course 2014 Definition of Acute Renal Failure An abrupt increase in the BUN and Creatinine with corresponding problems in handling
Guideline for Microalbuminuria Screening
East Lancashire Diabetes Network Guideline for Microalbuminuria Screening Produced by: Task and Finish Group, Clinical Standards Group Produced: August 2006 Approved by: East Lancashire Diabetes Network
2010 QARR QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Adults
2010 QARR QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Adults ADULT MEASURES (19 through 64 years) GUIDELINE HEDIS COMPLIANT CPT/ICD9 CODES DOCUMENTATION TIPS Well Care Access to Ambulatory Care Ensure a preventive or other
Nefropatia de Contraste
Nefropatia de Contraste H. Luz Rodrigues Serviço de Nefrologia e Transplantação Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências Contrast-induced nephropathy Agenda Pathogenesis Clinical features Prevention Postulated
Acute Renal Failure. Objectives. By the end of this session you should be able to:
Acute Renal Failure Objectives By the end of this session you should be able to: * List the three major etiologic categories of acute renal failure. * List the major causes of each of the three major categories
Clinical Aspects of Hyponatremia & Hypernatremia
Clinical Aspects of Hyponatremia & Hypernatremia Case Presentation: History 62 y/o male is admitted to the hospital with a 3 month history of excessive urination (polyuria) and excess water intake up to
Mechanism for Dehydration Associated Kidney Disease
Mechanism for Dehydration Associated Kidney Disease Richard J Johnson, University of Colorado A sugarcane worker dying from kidney failure Dr Johnson has received funding from Danone Research Chronic Kidney
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Algorithm. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Algorithm Page 1
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Algorithm Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Algorithm Page 1 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Algorithm (See NICE Clinical Guideline CG73 1 and Quality Standards 2 ) Who should have
PREPARATIONS: Adrenaline 1mg in 1ml (1:1000) Adrenaline 100micrograms in 1ml (1:10,000)
ADRENALINE Acute hypotension Via a CENTRAL venous line Initially 100-300 nanograms/kg/minute 0.1-0.3 microgram/kg/minute adjusted according to response up to a maximum of 1.5 micrograms/kg/minute. Increase
Influenza (Flu) Influenza is a viral infection that may affect both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. There are three types of flu virus:
Respiratory Disorders Bio 375 Pathophysiology General Manifestations of Respiratory Disease Sneezing is a reflex response to irritation in the upper respiratory tract and is associated with inflammation
GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) A Key to Understanding How Well Your Kidneys Are Working
GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) A Key to Understanding How Well Your Kidneys Are Working www.kidney.org National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative Did you know that the National
RENAL WATER REGULATION page 1
page 1 INTRODUCTION TO WATER EXCRETION A. Role of the Kidney: to adjust urine formation rate and urine concentration to maintain 1. body fluid osmolar concentration 2. body fluid volume 3. intravascular
THE URINALYSIS REAGENT STRIPS
THE URINALYSIS REAGENT STRIPS Alfred Ricks Jr., M.D. Copyright 2010 Alfred Ricks Jr., M.D. All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means,
V: Infusion Therapy. Alberta Licensed Practical Nurses Competency Profile 217
V: Infusion Therapy Alberta Licensed Practical Nurses Competency Profile 217 Competency: V-1 Knowledge of Intravenous Therapy V-1-1 V-1-2 V-1-3 V-1-4 V-1-5 Demonstrate knowledge and ability to apply critical
Upstate University Health System Medication Exam - Version A
Upstate University Health System Medication Exam - Version A Name: ID Number: Date: Unit: Directions: Please read each question below. Choose the best response for each of the Multiple Choice and Medication
Your Life Your Health Cariodmetabolic Risk Syndrome Part VII Inflammation chronic, low-grade By James L. Holly, MD The Examiner January 25, 2007
Your Life Your Health Cariodmetabolic Risk Syndrome Part VII Inflammation chronic, low-grade By James L. Holly, MD The Examiner January 25, 2007 The cardiometabolic risk syndrome is increasingly recognized
GOUT REVISITED. The medical management of. Key concepts:
The medical management of GOUT REVISITED Key concepts: NSAIDs are the first-line treatment for an acute attack of gout Allopurinol should not be started at the time of an acute attack of gout. However,
Acid-Base Balance and the Anion Gap
Acid-Base Balance and the Anion Gap 1. The body strives for electrical neutrality. a. Cations = Anions b. One of the cations is very special, H +, and its concentration is monitored and regulated very
Hypertension Guideline V4
Hypertension Guideline V4 Approved 24/06/2008 Version VERSION 4 FINAL Date of First Issue 26/02/08 Review Date 01/03/2010 Date of Issue 24/06/2008 EQIA Yes / No 24/06/2008 Author / Contact Dr Leslie Cruickshank
High Blood pressure and chronic kidney disease
High Blood pressure and chronic kidney disease For People with CKD Stages 1 4 www.kidney.org National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative Did you know that the National Kidney
ACID-BASE BALANCE AND ACID-BASE DISORDERS. I. Concept of Balance A. Determination of Acid-Base status 1. Specimens used - what they represent
ACID-BASE BALANCE AND ACID-BASE DISORDERS I. Concept of Balance A. Determination of Acid-Base status 1. Specimens used - what they represent II. Electrolyte Composition of Body Fluids A. Extracellular
UpRight Aceclofenac 100 mg and Paracetamol 500 mg fixed dose combination
For the use of a Registered Medical Practitioner or a Hospital or a Laboratory only UpRight Aceclofenac 100 mg and Paracetamol 500 mg fixed dose combination DESCRIPTION UPRIGHT is a fixed dose combination
READ THIS FOR SAFE AND EFFECTIVE USE OF YOUR MEDICINE PATIENT MEDICATION INFORMATION. sacubitril/valsartan film-coated tablets
READ THIS FOR SAFE AND EFFECTIVE USE OF YOUR MEDICINE PATIENT MEDICATION INFORMATION Pr ENTRESTO TM sacubitril/valsartan film-coated tablets Read this carefully before you start taking ENTRESTO TM and
Cardiovascular diseases. pathology
Cardiovascular diseases pathology Atherosclerosis Vascular diseases A disease that results in arterial wall thickens as a result of build- up of fatty materials such cholesterol, resulting in acute and
ACID- BASE and ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. MGHS School of EMT-Paramedic Program 2011
ACID- BASE and ELECTROLYTE BALANCE MGHS School of EMT-Paramedic Program 2011 ACID- BASE BALANCE Ions balance themselves like a see-saw. Solutions turn into acids when concentration of hydrogen ions rises
Inotropes/Vasoactive Agents Hina N. Patel, Pharm.D., BCPS Cathy Lawson, Pharm.D., BCPS
Inotropes/Vasoactive Agents Hina N. Patel, Pharm.D., BCPS Cathy Lawson, Pharm.D., BCPS 1. Definition -an agent that affects the contractility of the heart -may be positive (increases contractility) or
Renal Blood Flow GFR. Glomerulus Fluid Flow and Forces. Renal Blood Flow (cont d)
GFR Glomerular filtration rate: about 120 ml /minute (180 L a day) Decreases with age (about 10 ml/min for each decade over 40) GFR = Sum of the filtration of two million glomeruli Each glomerulus probably
EXPLORING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN EXERCISE AND MEDICATION FOR CHRONIC DISEASE: CONSIDERATIONS FOR FITNESS PROFESSIONALS
EXPLORING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN EXERCISE AND MEDICATION FOR CHRONIC DISEASE: CONSIDERATIONS FOR FITNESS PROFESSIONALS Steven T. Johnson, PhD 1 Introduction The prevalence of chronic diseases like cardiovascular
NEPHROLOGY COMMON CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS AND CARDINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF RENAL DISEASES-
NEPHOLOGY OON LINIAL PESENTATIONS AND ADINAL ANIFESTATIONS OF ENAL DISEASES- INITIAL EVALUATION AND DEISION-AKING SKILLS GOAL: The residents will learn the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of patients
LECTURE 1 RENAL FUNCTION
LECTURE 1 RENAL FUNCTION Components of the Urinary System 2 Kidneys 2 Ureters Bladder Urethra Refer to Renal System Vocabulary in your notes Figure 2-1,page10 Kidney Composition Cortex Outer region Contains
The sensitive marker for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Estimation of GFR from Serum Cystatin C:
The sensitive marker for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Estimation of GFR from Serum Cystatin C: The good correlation allows close estimation of GFR Cystatin C GFR GFR in serum estimated* measured* n
SARCOIDOSIS. Signs and symptoms associated with specific organ involvement can include the following:
SARCOIDOSIS Sarcoidosis is a disease that occurs when areas of inflammation develop in different organs of the body. Very small clusters of inflammation, called granulomas, are seen with sarcoidosis. They
Chapter 23. Composition and Properties of Urine
Chapter 23 Composition and Properties of Urine Composition and Properties of Urine urinalysis the examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine appearance - clear, almost colorless to deep
InDependent Diabetes Trust
InDependent Diabetes Trust Kidneys and Diabetes Updated July 2015 Registered Company Number 3148360 Registered Charity No 1058284 Contents Introduction Healthy Kidneys Kidney disease and diabetes The use
NO More Heart Disease
NO More Heart Disease Nitric Oxide Information NO is one of the simplest molecules in biology, comprised of just two atoms one atom of nitrogen (N) and one of oxygen (O). Through NO s structure is simple,
STAGES OF SHOCK. IRREVERSIBLE SHOCK Heart deteriorates until it can no longer pump and death occurs.
STAGES OF SHOCK SHOCK : A profound disturbance of circulation and metabolism, which leads to inadequate perfusion of all organs which are needed to maintain life. COMPENSATED NONPROGRESSIVE SHOCK 30 sec
Cyclophosphamide/Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin for Allograft
INDICATIONS Cyclophosphamide/Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin for Allograft Aplastic Anaemia (patients under 40 years) PRE-ASSESSMENT Ensure pre-transplant work-up form is complete Ensure patient has triple
KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. The Most Commonly Asked Questions About Transplantation
Chapter 12 KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION A Guide for Patients Brigham & Women s Hospital Kidney Transplant Staff * The Most Commonly Asked Questions About Transplantation What is a kidney transplant? A kidney
DRUG UTILIZATION EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CKD
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Elhami et al. SJIF Impact Factor 5.210 Volume 4, Issue 11, 1159-1166 Research Article ISSN 2278 4357 DRUG UTILIZATION EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
April 18, 2008 Dr. Alan H. Stephenson Pharmacological and Physiological Science
Renal Mechanisms for Regulating Urine Concentration April 18, 2008 Dr. Alan H. Stephenson Pharmacological and Physiological Science Amount Filtered Reabsorption is selective Examples of substances that
B Cells and Antibodies
B Cells and Antibodies Andrew Lichtman, MD PhD Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Lecture outline Functions of antibodies B cell activation; the role of helper T cells in antibody production
DIALYSIS COMPACT. The function, diseases and treatments for the human kidney.
DIALYSIS COMPACT The function, diseases and treatments for the human kidney. Content 3 Editorial 4 What do healthy kidneys accomplish? 5 What causes kidney disease? 6 What effects does kidney disease have?
BCCA Protocol Summary for Advanced Therapy for Relapsed Testicular Germ Cell Cancer Using PACLitaxel, Ifosfamide and CISplatin (TIP)
BCCA Protocol Summary for Advanced Therapy for Relapsed Testicular Germ Cell Cancer Using PACLitaxel, Ifosfamide and CISplatin (TIP) Protocol Code Tumour Group Contact Physician UGUTIP Genitourinary Dr.
All About Gout A Patient Guide to Managing Gout
All About Gout A Patient Guide to Managing Gout Introduction As early as the fourth century BC, Hippocrates wrote about gout as an affliction of old men and a product of high living. During the 17th to
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
Gastritis National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse U.S. Department of Health and Human Services NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH What is gastritis? Gastritis is a condition in which the stomach
In non-hodgkin s lymphoma, MabThera is used to treat two types of the disease, both of which affect B-lymphocytes:
EMA/614203/2010 EMEA/H/C/000165 EPAR summary for the public rituximab This is a summary of the European public assessment report (EPAR) for. It explains how the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human