ATA 612 Civil Society and Public Spheres: Readings in Theory and History. Spring Nadir Özbek

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1 ATA 612 Civil Society and Public Spheres: Readings in Theory and History Spring 2002 Nadir Özbek Course Description: This course aims to provide the students with a theoretical and historical background on state-society relations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. We start with theoretical and philosophical readings on the concepts of civil society and public sphere. After these readings we focus on historical publics, mostly in late imperial contexts, such as Germany, Russia, China and Ottoman Empire. The emergence of middle classes, the professionals, voluntary associations, bourgeois revolutions, state and civil society relations are some of the themes that we are going examine throughout the semester. We finally analyze the contemporary discussions in Turkey on civil society and public sphere. With its theoretical and comparative approach the course aims to help students to situate the late Ottoman and early Republican periods within a broader world historical context. Format: This course meets once a week for three hours. Twelve sessions will be used to discuss common readings for each week. Assignments: Weekly Readings: This seminar is organized around common readings as the basis for weekly discussions. Students are to prepare ten short précis (a freewheeling commentary, about 1-2 pages) on some aspect of the week s readings. (40%) Research Paper: Each student will make a short research project examining discussions on state-society relations, civil society and public sphere in various periods of Turkish history. Research paper will be no more than 3,000 words (about 10 pages). Students should submit a paper topic and one page statement during week 5. (40%) Oral Presentation: Each student will present a summary of his or her research paper during the final exam week. (20%) Optional readings are marked by *. WEEK I: INTRODUCTION: WEEK II-III: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS (2 WEEKS): Habermas, Jürgen. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Cambridge, Massachusetss: The MIT Press, 1962/1998. Calhoun, Craig. "Introduction: Habermas and the Public Sphere." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Mah, Harold. "Phantasies of the Public Sphere: Rethinking the Habermas of Historians." Journal of Modern History 72, no. 1 (2000):

2 2 WEEK IV: PHILOSOPHICAL MODELS: McCarthy, Thomas. "Practical Discourse: On the Relation of Morality to Politics." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Benhabib, Seyla. "Models of Public Space: Hannah Arendt, the Liberal Tradition, and Jürgen Habermas." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Masschusetts: The MIT Press, Hohendahl, Peter Uwe. "The Public Sphere: Models and Boundaries." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Fraser, Nancy. "Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, * Schudson, Michael. "Was There Ever a Public Sphere? If So, When? Reflections on the American Case." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, * Postone, Moishe. "Political Theory and Historical Analysis." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, WEEK 5: SUBMIT TOPIC STATEMENTS WEEK V: HISTORICAL PUBLICS / WESTERN EUROPE: Eley, Geoff. "Nations, Publics, and Political Cultures: Placing Habermas in the Nineteenth Century." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Masschusetts: The MIT Press, Baker, Keith Michael. "Defining the Public Sphere in Eighteenth-Century France: Variations on a Theme by Habermas." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Zaret, David. "Religion, Science, and Printing in the Public Spheres in Seventeenth-Century England." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, Masschusetts: The MIT Press, Kramer, Lloyd. "Habermas, History, and Critical Theory." In Habermas and the Public Sphere, edited by Craig Calhoun, Cambridge,

3 3 WEEK VI: GRAMSCI, MARXIST THEORY AND CIVIL SOCIETY: Bobbio, Norberto. "Gramsci and the Conception of Civil Society." In Gramsci and Marxist Theory, edited by Chantal Mouffe, London, Boston and Henley: Routledge & Kegan Paul, Texier, Jacques. "Gramsci, Theoretician of the Superstructure." In Gramsci and Marxist Theory, edited by Chantal Mouffe, London, Boston and Henley: Routledge & Kegan Paul, Wood, Ellen Meiskins. "The Uses and Abuses of Civil Society." In Socialist Register, edited by Ralph Miliband and Leo Panitch, London: Merlin Press, Johnson, Christopher H. "Lifeworld, System, and Communicative Action: The Habermasian Alternative in Social History." In Essays on Discourse and Class Analysis: Rethinking Labor History, edited by Lenard R. Berlanstein, Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, WEEK VII: PARADOXES OF CIVIL SOCIETY; CONCEPTUAL ORIGINS: Trentman, Frank. "Introduction: Paradoxes of Civil Society." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, Hall, John A. "Reflectiions on the Making of Civility in Society." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, Moran, Mary Catherine. ""The Commerce of Sexes": Gender and the Social Sphere in Scottish Enlightenment Accounts of Civil Society." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, Gordon, Rupert H. "Kant, Smith, and Hegel: The Market and the Categorical Imperative." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, WEEK VIII: CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE LIMITS OF INCLUSION / GERMAN AND BRITISH HISTORY: Abbott, John. "The Village Goes Public: Peasants and Press in Nineteenth- Century Altbayern." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, Hurd, Madeleine. "Oligarchs, Liberals, and Mittelstand: Defining Civil Society in Hamburg, " In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, 2000.

4 4 McMillan, Daniel A. "Enegry, Willpower, and Harmony: On the Problematic Relationship Between State and Civil Society." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, Cohen, Deborah. "Civil Society in the Aftermath of the Great War: The Care of Disabled Veterans in Britain." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, Roos, Julia. "Prostitutes, Civil Society, and the State in Weimar Germany." In Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on Modern German and British History, edited by Frank Trentman, New York: Berghahn Books, WEEK IX: A SILENT BOURGEOISIE REVOLUTION? VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS AND THE RISE OF THE GERMAN PUBLIC: Blackbourn, David. "The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie: Reappraising German History in the Nineteenth Century." In The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth- Century Germany, edited by David Blackbourn and Geoff Eley, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, WEEK X: THE EMERGENCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN IMPERIAL RUSSIA: W.Clowes, Edith, Samuel D.Kassow, and James L.West. "Introduction: The Problem of the Middle in Late Imperial Russian Society." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Gleason, Abbott. "The Terms of Russian Social History." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Monas, Sidney. "The Twilit Middle Class of Nineteenth-Century Russia." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Bradley, Joseph. "Voluntary Associations, Civic Culture, and Obshchenstvennost' in Moscow." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1991.

5 5 Wagner, William G. "Ideology, Identity, and the Emergence of a Middle Class." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Timberlake, Charles E. "The Zemstvo and the Development of a Russian Middle Class." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, WEEK XI: THE PROFESSIONALS AND THE CREATION OF A PUBLIC CULTURE IN IMPERIAL RUSSIA: Balzer, Harley. "The Problem of Professions in Imperial Russia." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Ruanne, Christine, and Ben Eklof. "Cultural Pioners and Professionasl: The Teacher in Society." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, McReynolds, Louise. "V.M. Doroshevich: The Newspaper Journalist and the Development of Public Opinion in Civil Society." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Rieber, Alfred J. "The Sedimentary Society." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, Kassow, Samuel D. "Russia's Unrealized Civil Society." In Between Tsar and People. Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia, edited by Edith W.Clowes, Samuel D.Kassow and James L.West, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, WEEK XII: HISTORICAL PUBLICS / IMPERIAL CHINA: Wakeman, Frederic JR. "The Civil Society and Public Sphere Debate, Western Reflections on Chinese Political Culture." Modern China 19, no. 2 (1993): Rowe, William T. "The Problem of "Civil Society" in Late Imperial China." Modern China 19, no. 2 (1993): Rankin, Mary Backus. "Some Observations on a Chinese Public Sphere." Modern China 19, no. 2 (1993):

6 6 Shue, Vivienne. "State Power and the Philanthropic Impulse in China Today." In Philanthropy in the World's Traditions, edited by Warren F. Ilchman, Stanley N. Katz and Edward L. Queen II, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, Chamberlain, Heath B. "On the Search for Civil Society in China." Modern China 19, no. 2 (1993): Huang, Philip C.C. ""Public Sphere"/"Civil Society" in China?" Modern China 19, no. 2 (1993): * T.Rowe, William. "The Public Sphere in Modern China." Modern China 16, no. 3 (1990): WEEK XIII: HISTORICAL PUBLICS / THE OTTOMAN PAST and REPUBLICAN TURKEY: Mardin, Şerif. "Power, Civil Society and Culture in the Ottoman Empire." Comparative Studies in Society and History 11 (1969): Mardin, Şerif. "Civil Society and Islam." In Civil Society, Theory, History, Comparison, edited by John A. Hall, Cambridge: Polity Press, Gerber, Haim. "Ottoman Civil Society and Modern Turkish Democracy." In Ottoman Past and Today's Turkey, edited by Kemal Karpat, Leiden: Brill, Toprak, Binnaz. "Civil Society in Turkey." In Civil Society in the Middle East, edited by Richard Norton Agustus, Leiden: Brill, Göle, Nilüfer. "Authoritarian Secularism and Islamic Politics: The Case of Turkey." In Civil Society in the Middle East, edited by Richard Norton Agustus, Leiden: Brill, Toprak, Zafer. "Ömer Seyfettin ve "Sivil Toplum"." Toplum ve Bilim, no (1985): * Küçükömer, Idris. "Asyagil Üretim Biçimi, Yeniden Üretim ve Sivil Toplum." Toplum ve Bilim, no. 02 (1977): * Yücekök, Ahmet N. "Ondokuzuncu Yüzyıl Osmanlı Toplumundan Günümüz Türkiye'sine Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları ve Siyaset Sosyolojisi İlişkileri." In Tanzimat'tan Günümüze İstanbul'da Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları, edited by Ahmet N. Yücekök, İlter Turan and Mehmet Ö. Alkan, İstanbul: Türkiye Ekenomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı, * Alkan, Mehmet Ö. "Sivil Toplum Kurumlarının Hukuksal Çerçevesi " In Tanzimat'tan Günümüze İstanbul'da Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları, edited by Ahmet N. Yücekök, İlter Turan and Mehmet Ö. Alkan, İstanbul: Türkiye Ekenomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı, * Alkan, Mehmet Ö. " Yillari Arasinda Istanbul'da Sivil Toplum Örgütleri." In Tanzimat'tan Günümüze Istanbul'da STK'lar, edited by A.N.Yücekök, I.Turan and M.Ö.Alkan, İstanbul: Türkiye Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı, 1998.

7 7 WEEK XIV: TURKEY, CONTEMPORARY DISCUSSIONS: Yashin, Yael-Navaro. "Uses and Abuses of "State and Civil Society" in Contemporary Turkey." New Perspectives on Turkey, no. 18 (1998): Yılmaz, Hakan. "Kamu, Kamu Otoritesi ve Devlet: Habermas'ın Işığında Türkiye'yi Düşünmek." Cogito, no. 15 (1998): Mahçupyan, Etyen. "Osmanlı'dan Günümüze Parçalı Kamusal Alan ve Siyaset." Doğu Batı, no. 5 (1998): Yerasimos, Stefanos. "Sivil Toplum, Avrupa ve Türkiye." In Türkiye'de Sivil Toplum ve Milliyetçilik, edited by Stefanos Yerasimos, Günter Seufert and Nuary Mert, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, Seufert, Günter. "Milliyetçi Söylemlerin Sivil Toplum Üzerindeki Etkisi." In Türkiye'de Sivil Toplum ve Milliyetçilik, edited by Stefanos Yerasimos, Günter Seufert and Nuary Mert, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, Bora, Tanıl. "Türkiye'de Meslek Kuruluşları: "Kamu", "Sivil" ve "Milli"nin Muğlak Kesişim Alanı." In Türkiye'de Sivil Toplum ve Milliyetçilik, edited by Stefanos Yerasimos, Günter Seufert and Nuray Mert, İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, * Sakallıoğlu, Ümit Cizre. "Türkiye'de Yeni Sağ, Siyasallaşma, Meşruiyet ve Sivil Toplum İlişkisi: Hayaller ve Gerçekler." Toplum ve Bilim, no. 68 (1995): * Yumer, Ruhdan. "Devlet Kuramında Liberal Temalar: Devletin Sınırları (I)." Toplum ve Bilim, no (1985): * Yumer, Ruhdan. "Devlet Kuramında Liberal Temalar: Sivil Beraberlik Olarak Devlet (II)." Toplum ve Bilim, no. 40 (1988): * Çulhaoğlu, Metin, Kemal Okuyan, and İlker Maga, eds. Sivil Toplum: Devletin Büyümesi. İstanbul: YGS Yayınları, * Kamrava, Mehran. "The Civil Society Discourse in Iran." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 28, no. 2 (2001): FINAL EXAM WEEK: PAPER PRESENTATIONS: