Open Reduction of Chronic Elbow Dislocations
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1 Open Reduction of Chronic Elbow Dislocations Duane Anderson, MD Abebe Chala PT Soddo Christian Hospital Samuel Hailu, MD Black Lion Hospital Ethiopia
2 Chronic Elbow Dislocations Very difficult to treat when late Post-operative immobilization should be minimized or eliminated completely to increase the ROM at the end of healing, internal fixation should be avoided The elbow should be stable on the table to allow early motion The triceps should NOT be cut to allow early ROM Ideally the operation should be straight forward
3 Historical perspective Speed s procedure of cutting the triceps in a V-y to open the elbow has been the preferred method of opening and reducing chronic elbow dislocations It however does NOT allow the elbow to be moved immediately postoperatively and also internal fixation has been used to keep the elbow reduced, you actually make the elbow more unstable if you lengthen the triceps or cut it Other surgeries have been proposed to reduce the elbow
4 Injury: 1976, Krishnawoorthy
5 History at Soddo Christian Hospital For years we have used a posterior approach to reduce chronic dislocations Between we used a triceps reflecting off the olecranon (Mayo approach) we have used a medial and lateral approach with NO reflection or cutting of the triceps This is our preferred approach and is the one we are advocating and presenting today Concurrently Dr. Christopher of Canada and Burundi has been using the same approach to this problem, he presented a poster at the SIGN conference in Washington 2012
6
7 Chronic Elbow Dislocations Electronic records, anesthesia records, hand written logs were used to find all chronic elbow dislocations treated at SCH and Black Lion Fx/dislocations were excluded, unless the fractures were not operatively treated Pt s returned for f/u with exam, Mayo elbow score and x-ray, and Summary Outcome Determination Pts were excluded that did not have deep medial and lateral approach to the elbow
8 Video showing the operation Pt cases Results Mayo elbow score : Pain, ROM, Stability and Function, Maximal score is 100 Summary Outcome Determination is a subjective post operative score: 10 =normal elbow, 0= surgery not of benefit, 9 wish I were dead, surgery made me worse!
9 FK 40 yr old male with one month old dislocation
10 FK 40 yr old male with one month old dislocation 15 month f/u, Mayo score 100, ROM
11 KS out for two months
12 No IF, splint or cast after surgery, only sling
13 KS out for two months ROM 2 days post op
14 KS out for two months 2 months F /U ROM
15 AG 20 yr old male, dislocated 13 months, ROM 25 degrees
16 AG 20 yr old male, dislocated 13 months, ROM 25 degrees 8 month f/u, Mayo score 95, ROM Full Supination and Pronation
17 AG 20 yr old male, dislocated 13 months, ROM 25 degrees 8 month f/u, Mayo score 95, ROM , Full Supination and Pronation
18 MH 21 yrs old right handed male,dislocated 2yrs and 10 months,pre op ROM 15 degrees 4 month F/U, mayo score 86,ROM and full pronation and supination Pre op x ray
19 MH 21 yr old right handed male,dislocated 2yrs and 10 months,pre op ROM 15 degrees 4 month F/U, mayo score 86,ROM and full pronation and supination
20 MH 21 yrs old right handed male,dislocated 2yrs and 10 months,pre op ROM 15 degrees 4 month F/U, mayo score 86,ROM and full pronation and supination
21 DG 9/M, 5mo out, 15 o ROM
22 DG 6 ½ mo f/u, ROM, 100 Mayo score
23 MM 7/F, 14mo out, 5 0 ROM
24 MM 2wks f/u, no pain,
25 AH, 25/F, 2 mo out, no ROM, ulnar nerve not transposed
26 AH 4mo f/u, o ROM, Full forearm rotation, Mayo Elbow score-80. Ulnar nerve palsy
27 ID AGE/SEX #OF MO.OUT PRE OP ROM POST OP ROM MAYO SCORE FK 40/M KS 45/F AG 20/M MH 21/M DG 9/M MM 7/F AH 25/F F/U MONTHS All results are good or excellent
28 The triceps is shortened because of lack of flexion and proximal displacement, use this tightness to increase stability after surgery The ulnar nerve is also similarly shortened, protect it by anterior transposition The ligaments have been disrupted that give stability There is excessive scar and capsular thickening Don t excise the scar, use it to improve stability Remove obstructions to allow full and complete reduction, recreate the normal bony architecture Create a soft tissue envelope that when it is closed creates its own stability, this is the key point of the operation, only for bony defects such as radial head loss or coronoid loss should there be any need for plaster after surgery Prospective study proposed
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LOURDES MEDICAL ASSOCIATES Sean Mc Millan, DO Director of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine & Arthroscopy 2103 Burlington-Mount Holly Rd Burlington, NJ 08016 (609) 747-9200 (office) (609) 747-1408 (fax) http://orthodoc.aaos.org/drmcmillan
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