Hacking The Invisible Network

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1 Hacking The Invisible Network The Risks and Vulnerabilities Associated with Wireless Hotspots Michael Sutton Pedram Amini

2 Purpose Study security from two points of view Providers End users A variety of implementations Cafés Hotels Tools Laptops, Dell Axim Hermes and Prism chipsets Various software tools Tolerant bladder Copyright 2003 Inc.

3 WISPs Wireless Internet Service Providers aka Hotspots What are they? Where are they? Airports Hotels Retail stores Coffee Shops Why go wireless? Cost Convenience Copyright 2003 Inc.

4 Industry Startups Boingo WayPort NetNearU HotSpotzz Airpath Wireless Surf and Sip HereUAre Deep Blue Wireless Joltage (defunct) Copyright 2003 Inc.

5 Industry (cont d) Telecomm T-Mobile AT&T (Cometa) Sprint (Boingo) Hardware Intel (Cometa) IBM (Cometa) Copyright 2003 Inc.

6 Provider Risks Business risks Financial loss Launch pad for anonymous attacks Network level attacks Privacy Confidentiality Data integrity Denial of service attacks Availability Copyright 2003 Inc.

7 End User Risks Node vs. Network level security Crunchy on the outside, Chewy on the inside Untrusted networks Intranet safe services Information leakage Spoof attacks End user awareness Copyright 2003 Inc.

8 Security Implementations Access control Firewall restricts connectivity Web requests redirected to login screen Authentication takes place over SSL Internet access is granted Copyright 2003 Inc.

9 Security Implementations (cont d) User 1 User 1 Access Access Point Point Internet Internet User 2 User 2 Web Server Copyright 2003 Inc.

10 Security Implementations (cont d) IP address filtering Everyone MAC address filtering T-Mobile IPSec VPN Deep Blue Wireless Optional DHCP lease expiration? Copyright 2003 Inc.

11 Revenue Loss Tunneling data through unfiltered protocols Bypassing access controls Connection hijacking Stealing legitimate connections Connection sharing Multiple unauthorized connections piped through one legitimate connection Copyright 2003 Inc.

12 Tunneling IP Traffic Loki Server Internet External Sites ICMP Traffic Loki Client Access Point IP Traffic Firewall Gateway Copyright 2003 Inc.

13 Connection Hijacking Permitted Permitted Blocked Target IP IP Y.Y.Y.Y MAC MAC Y:Y:Y:Y:Y:Y Access Point Internet Attack IP IP Y.Y.Y.Y X.X.X.X MAC Y:Y:Y:Y:Y:Y X:X:X:X:X:X Permitted Blocked Copyright 2003 Inc.

14 Connection Sharing Share 1 Router Internet Access Point Share 2 Copyright 2003 Inc.

15 Network Level Attacks Traffic monitoring Passive attack DNS Hijacking Active attack Man in the middle attacks Auto update hijacking Public IP addresses WayPort Remote attack ARP Spoofing Active attack Network crossover Copyright 2003 Inc.

16 WayPort Layout Wayport Internet Wayport Linux Windows Gateway Access Points Copyright 2003 Inc.

17 Denial of Service Attacks Physical layer (1) Interference Data layer (2) ARP spoofing Network layer (3) AirJack Copyright 2003 Inc.

18 End User Countermeasures VPN Encryption w/ validation O/S hardening Node level firewall/ids Dedicated travel hardware Copyright 2003 Inc.

19 Improved WISP Security Non Internet addressable IPs Network Address Translation (NAT) Filter all protocols 802.1x Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Spoof detection (ARP, IP, DNS, ) Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) Copyright 2003 Inc.

20 Questions? Copyright 2003 Inc.

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