Update on IEC , AV/ITE Legacy Standards & Related Topics Thomas Burke, Principal Engineer ICT/High Tech UL LLC

Transcription

2 Introduction

3 Topics Introduction IEC : Refresher A few things about you may not know Status: IEC , IEC , IEC & National/Regional Versions What s New? IEC , IEC Likely Publication/Adoption Scenarios What s Next? Q&A 3

4 IEC : Refresher

5 What is it? IEC , Audio/Video, Information Technology & Communication Technology Equipment Safety Requirements IEC TC108 started project in year 2002, using ECMA 287 (Safety of Electronic Equipment) as seed document. Ed. No. 1 published January 2010 eight years later New Safety Standard for Audio/Video Equipment, including consumer electronics, professional equipment, and musical instruments, Information Technology Equipment, Office Appliances, and Communication Technology (Telecom) Equipment 5

6 Why? Less distinction today, in the recent past, and in the future among high-tech products: Similar technology, Similar marketing/distribution channels, Similar use environments, Similar users. Therefore, need single safety standard that, Applies to a broad range of HT products Both is technology independent, and allows for introduction of new technology easier Allows for more design freedom Minimizes need for national/ regional differences Preserves information on the rationale for requirements Stable, understandable & user friendly; and Ultimately leads to design and manufacture of safe products! 6

7 What is it? A hazard-based standard. A performance-oriented standard. Covers Scopes of previous (legacy) standards: IEC 60065, Audio, Video & Similar Electronic Apparatus Safety IEC , Information Technology Equipment Safety 7

8 HBSE Application Process Application by Product Designers/ Engineers, aka Manufacturers, ODMs, etc Application Practice of during 3 rd party certification e.g., via initial review of product & schematics. e.g., via measurements to determine energy levels, Class 1, 2 or 3... e.g., via detailed product review and analysis of design, construction & circuits, including identification of safeguards, such as insulation & critical components e.g., via performance tests, or use of allowed prescribed constructions, including safety critical components e.g., via test compliance criteria, or confirmation of compliance w/requirements for prescribed constructions 8

9 What is it not? Not a simple merger of IEC & ! Although many common elements Not a generic (free form) HBSE Standard! Standard is only applicable to products falling under its Scope, w/examples in Annex A Annex A examples are same found in scopes of & Standard has both requirements and compliance criteria, either performance-based or prescribed constructions. Standard is fully compatible with a TRF & IECEE CB Scheme, and 3 rd Party Mark Certification Programs! 9

10 What is it not? Not a Risk-based Standard! Risk Analysis not required (aka, IEC , Third Edition) during application & certification. Decision on application of requirements does not involve risk considerations... Some Risk Analysis was used by IEC TC108 at the technical committee level to develop the actual requirements, e.g., levels/limits associated with Class 1, 2 & 3 10

11 A few things about you may not know yet but first, let s look at its structure.

12 Structure of IEC Principles 1 General, incl. Scope, Terms, Components, etc. 2 Protection from hazards 3 Wiring, connections and supply 4 Physical requirements 5 Electrical requirements and simulated abnormal conditions 6 Connection to telecommunication networks 7 Connection to cable distribution systems Annexes (partial listing) A Tests for resistance to heat and fire B Motor tests C Transformers D Measuring instruments for touch-current F Measurement of clearances and creepage distances G Alternative method for determining minimum clearances Q Voltage dependent resistors T Guidance on protection against ingress of water 12

13 Structure of IEC Principles 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 4 General requirements 5 Electrically-caused injury 6 Electrically-caused fire 7 Chemically-caused injury 8 Mechanically-caused injury 9 Thermal-burn injury 10 Radiation Annexes (partial listing) A Examples of equipment within scope B Normal operating condition, abnormal operating condition, and single fault condition tests F Equipment markings, instructions and instructional safeguards G Components M Batteries and fuel cells Q Interconnection with building wiring T Mechanical strength tests V Determination of accessible parts 13

14 Clause 0 Principles of this product safety standard Clause 0 serves as an excellent primer on both HBSE and the approach IEC TC108 took with the Standard! 14

15 Clause 1 Scope The examples of products covered by the Standard are not in Clause 1, but Annex A. Annex A in Ed. Nos. 1 & 2 of IEC has the exact same scope examples as in IEC & IEC as to not cause any confusion during transition! 15

16 Clause 2 Normative references Unlike IEC , Normative references in IEC are included in Clause 2, the structure more typically found in IEC Standards. In IEC , normative references are in Annex P 16

17 Clause 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations Many familiar terms used in IEC are no longer in IEC ! Examples: SELV -> ES1 Telecommunication Network -> External Circuit TNV -> ES1 or ES2, depending on transient ID No. User (or Operator) -> Ordinary Person Service Personnel -> Skilled Person (RAL knowledgeable) -> Instructed Person 17

18 Also, remember - Annex W, Comparison of terms used in this standard Compares terms used in IEC with terms used in: IEC : Insulation coordination IEC 61140: Protection against electric shock IEC : Information technology equipment IEC : Cable networks IEC 62151: Equipment connected to telecommunications networks IEC 60065: A/V equipment 18

19 Clause 4 General requirements IEC accommodates legacy components! Components & subassemblies that comply with IEC or IEC are acceptable as part of equipment covered by [ ] without further evaluation other than to give consideration to the appropriate use of the component or subassembly in the end-product! Backwards compatibility statements now also added to IEC & IEC ! 19

20 Clause 5 Electrically-caused Injury Clearance calculations at face value appear more complicated, but they also should allow for more design freedom/flexibility! 20

21 Clause 6 Electrically-caused fire Two Safeguards are required to prevent electrically-caused fire Basic Safeguard Use of suitably rated (thermal) materials under Normal & Abnormal operating conditions. Supplementary Safeguard Additional safeguard(s) provided for Single Fault considerations For the Supplementary Safeguard (for PS2 & PS3), two alternative paths: a. Prevention of ignition b. Control of fire spread 21

22 Clause 6 Electrically-caused fire (cont.) Prevent ignition (aka single fault conditions) IEC Method 2 (4.7.1) 4000W limitation (250 V x16 A) Control fire spread (aka fire enclosure) IEC Method 1 (4.7.1) V-1 5V kg > 18 kg W > 4000 W 22

23 Clause 7 Chemically-caused injury (Ed 2 Cl. 7 - Injury caused by hazardous substances) Only hazard clause (Cl. 5 10) in IEC that does not classify sources of potential injury by Class! Not practical to try to do since various forms and quantities of chemicals/hazardous substances used in equipment covered under scope. 23

24 Clause 8 Mechanically-caused injury The K Factor concepts for classification of moving fan blades as MS1, MS2 or MS3 came from the UL Standard for Electric Fans, UL 507. In Edition No. 2, further distinction will be made between plastic blades and blades made of nonplastic materials. MS1 MS2 MS3 24

25 Clause 9 Thermal burn injury Touch temperature limits in IEC are in some cases lower than IEC Based on IEC Guide 117, Electrotechnical equipment Temperatures of touchable hot surfaces. 25

26 Clause 10 - Radiation Ed. No. 2 of IEC has Acoustic Radiation requirements for Personal Music Players closer aligned with the existing requirements in Europe. EN , -2 Sound system equipment. Headphones and earphones associated with portable audio equipment. Maximum sound pressure level measurement methodology and limit considerations. 26

27 Annex F - Equipment markings, instructions, and instructional safeguards Annex F outlines standardized approach for markings & related instructional safeguards. 27

28 Also, don t forget IEC/TR & ECMA TR/106! IEC/TR : Audio/video, information & communication technology equipment Part 2: Explanatory information related to IEC Essential accompaniment to Ed. 2 TR will be further improved. 28

29 ECMA TR/106 ECMA TR/106, Guidance and Comparison between &

30 Status: IEC , IEC , IEC & National/Regional Versions

31 IEC , Edition No. 1 & National/Regional Versions Published as IEC Standard in January 2010 Canada, Denmark, Netherlands, South Africa & United States adopted national versions as allowed alternative, or optional safety standards Europe (CENELEC) Ed No. 1 was not supported. Wanted further refinement of requirements before adoption. Asia under close & ongoing study by multiple countries 31

32 IEC , Edition No. 1 IECEE CB Scheme for IEC activated under OFF/TRON TRF available UL originator Multiple CBTLs incl. UL offices globally IECEE CTL activity started, including development of test equipment list, available on CTL website Why CB Scheme activation important? 32

33 OFF & TRON 54% CB Scheme! Courtesy of IECEE

34 CAN-CSA C22.2 No /ANSI-UL , Edition No. 1 Canadian/U.S. Bi-national Standard Published - February 2012 SCC & ANSI Approved in Canada & U.S.! Follows IEC TC108 recommendation for countries to adopt Edition No. 1 to gain real experience using the standard to allow for further improvement/refinement in Edition No. 2. Optional standard No formal Effective Date established for mandatory use of Ed. No. 1 in the U.S. & Canada Gives NA running start on development & adoption of Ed. No. 2 of CSA/UL ! 34

35 What s New? IEC , IEC

36 IEC (Ed. 2 (new) vs. Ed. 1) Clause 1 (Scope) Statement added so scope explicitly covers power supplies Clause 4 (General requirements) Button Cell batteries new requirements Revised requirements for glass, incl. Annex T. Clause 5 (Electrically-caused injury) Extensive revisions to Insulation Coordination requirements, especially Clearances Further refinement of SPD/VDR/TVSS requirements, including Annex G.8 Clause 8 (Mechanically-caused injury) Further refinement of fan blade requirements (two K-factor formulas). Removed rotating solid media requirements Reference added to IEC for large data storage equipment Clause 9 (Thermal burn injury) Further refinement of Touch Temperatures 36

37 IEC (Ed. 2, cont.) Clause 10 (Radiation) Further refinement of laser & LED limits/requirements New acoustic limit requirements for listening devices Annex F (Markings, instructions and instructional safeguards) Clarification of Functional Earthing Marking Annex M (Batteries and their protection circuits) New IEC requirement for battery packs Annex W (Comparison of terms) New IEC section 37

38 What about the Legacy Standards? New IEC (Ed 2 Am 2) -- > published May 2013 New IEC (Ed 8) --> Q

39 IEC (Am. 2 vs. Am. 1) Clause 1 (General, incl. Scope) Permits for backwards compatibility of IEC components in IEC (and 60065). Clarification of VDR requirements, incl. Annex Q. Clause 2 (Protection from hazards) Further refinement of how to consider pulsed signals, aka hiccup mode Allows LPS output limited by PTC device to be measured at 60s. No longer need to section printed boards as part of special PD1 and solid insulation investigations (rely on ES & visual). Clause 4 (Physical requirements) Requires IEC for battery packs See UL Certification Impact Analysis for more details! 39

40 Likely Publication/Adoption Scenarios, including Ed. No. 2 status

41 Edition No. 2 of IEC ? IEC TC108 has reached a consensus Yes position to move the 108/495/CDV document forward to FDIS! In Europe, CENELEC CLC/TC 108X reached a consensus Yes position to move the FprEN :2012 and FprEN :2012/FprAA:2012 (regional differences) documents forward! Next Steps: FDIS --> IEC Standard FDIS will be issued shortly with two (2) month voting period. IEC target publication date --> Q or Q1 2014! 41

42 EN ? Assuming Ed No. 2 of IEC published in Q or early 2014: Reasonable expectation -> Europe will adopt Ed. 2 as EN , Ed. No. 2 Reasonable expectation since the IEC Standard has been further refined since Ed. No. 1 and most of the previously expressed, significant concerns have been addressed. If adopted, it likely will have 4+ year effective date (DOW), likely April 2018 Since Europe & NA are two major markets, Ed. No. 2 likely will result in more universal adoption and global transition from legacy standards. 42

43 Edition No. 2 of CSA/UL ? Technical Harmonization Committee (THC) work beginning. Ed. No. 2 development expected to be streamlined since National Differences (NDs) already developed and published. Edition No. 2 activity will be mostly fine-tuning NDs, update standard & Code references, etc. Target publication date --> Q3 2014! UL likely will establish an Effective Date for transition similar to EU 43

44 Transition (subject to change) : Legacy AV/ITE Standards IEC Likely Transition Scenario Latest IEC (Ed 2 Am 2) -- > published May 2013 Latest IEC (Ed 8) --> Q Therefore, Europe: Final versions EN published in 2013, and EN published Likely 2-3 year effective date (DOW), possibly April 2016 CAN/US: Final versions of CSA & UL & published in 2014 UL Effective Date likely to be aligned with Europe 44

45 So, for new certifications of A/V & ICT Equipment in EU & NA, IEC likely to be the required standard around year 2018

46 Likely Transition Scenario Today 2013/ & beyond Ed (incl Ed 8) (incl Ed 2, Am 2) Ed Ed Ed 2, and later 46

47 Possible EU/NA Transition (subject to change) : Legacy AV/ICT Standards ??? Year IEC IEC 60065, Ed 7, Am 2 (2010) IEC 60065, Ed 8 (2013?) IEC , Ed 2, Am 1 (2009) IEC , Ed 2, Am 2 (2013?) EU IEC , Ed 1 ( ) EN 60065, Ed 7, Am2 IEC , Ed 2 (2013?) EN 60065, Ed 8 (2013?) EN , Ed 2, Am 1 CAN/ US UL 60065, Ed 7 EN , Ed 2, Am 2 (2013?) EN , Ed 2 (2013?) UL 60065, Ed 8 (2014?) CSA/UL , Ed 2 CSA/UL , Ed 2, Am1 (2011) CSA/UL , Ed 2, Am2 (2014?) CSA/UL , Ed 1 (2012) CSA/UL , Ed 2 (2014?) 47

48 UL.com Effective Date Information 48

49 What s Next?

50 Codes & Regulations ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) US Electrical Installation Code - numerous references to UL need updating. NFPA in final stage of adoption. UL proposed multiple updates to include UL Key references updated to now include UL

51 Other Stakeholders OSHA NRTL Program UL being added to Scope of UL NRTL NRTL system inherently accommodates updated & new standards Do not anticipate the same issues as with AAMI Third Edition since Risk Management not part of application of UL

52 What UL can provide to industry today! Evaluations of Products to Options include, - Concurrent with current active project - With previously certified product (to or 60950) - Independent of previous certifications Deliverables - Gap Report - no additional testing beyond current project testing - Gap Report + TRF - no additional testing beyond current project testing - Gap report + TRF with additional testing for Certification to Training to Existing on-line courses and materials Private/custom training

53 Why Consider ? Cost savings: Alternative design/construction methods allowed by new standard = manufacturing cost savings! Early planning during the transition cycle - minimize costs during the formal transition period Manufacturer/OEM Marketing Opportunities: Early Adopter claiming rights Ability to introduce new technology to market more quickly: Reduced need to wait for changes to standards since fewer prescriptive requirements Fewer interpretations needed since more performance-based requirements Generic HBSE provision allowed for constructions not specifically covered 53

54 Why UL? UL LLC has experience applying Edition No. 1 of IEC & CSA/UL to the following products: Amplifier Desktop Computer LCD Monitor Notebook computer Power Distribution Unit (PDU) Power Supply (SMPS) Printers Projector Scanner Server TV 54

55 Why UL? UL LLC has already provided certifications (UL, CB, etc.) and customized projects (e.g., gap analyses) in AP, EU & NA for: ODMs/OEMs Component manufacturers Brand owners 55

56 Knowledge Exchange & Training Opportunities 56

57 LinkedIn - HBSE Group: Ongoing Updates. Please join! 57

58 IEEE PSES Local Chapters & ISPCE 58

59 59

60 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering (ISPCE) 2013, October Austin Texas 2014, May Silicon Valley, CA Call for Papers: Q Topic/Abstract Proposals Due: January 2014 Need Papers & Presentations, and Ideas! Will Need Local Volunteers! 60

61 Q&A Thank you!