High-Voltage GIS yesterday - today - tomorrow

Transcription

1 High-Voltage GIS yesterday - today - tomorrow Peter Glaubitz, Siemens AG, Principal Expert GIS-Technology siemens.at/future-of-energy

2 Table of content GIS yesterday beginning and establishment of Gas- Insulated Switchgear GIS today state-of-the-art GIS-Technology GIS tomorrow reliable and trendsetting Technology GIS Development, Manufacturing, Quality Control and Operational Experience Conclusion Page 2

3 History of Gas-Insulated Switchgear Continous Development kv GIS, 5000 A/6300 A, 80 ka/90 ka 2013 First energized 420 kv GIS single break in Germany and Switzerland 2012 Introduction of the 420 kv / 63 ka GIS single break 2011 Introduction of the 420 kv / 80 ka GIS and 170 kv / 63 ka both powerful and compact th generation of 145 kv GIS 2004 First 420 kv GIS with certification of the electrical life-time/ endurance (class E2) 1997 Introduction of new GIS circuit breaker generation: self-compression interrupter unit and spring operated mechanism 1983 Delivery of 550 kv / 100 ka GIS (busbar rated current 8000 A) 1980 Introduction of first GIS switchgear with Aluminum-enclosure 1974 Delivery of first 420 kv GIS 1972 Delivery of first 220 kv GIS 46 years of operational experience 1968 Delivery of first GIS Page 3

4 GIS Technology since 1968 (1) Since 1968 Production of GIS in factory Berlin kV GIS kV GIS kV, 3-phase GIS kV GIS - double break kV GIS, first GIS still in service for more than 46 years kV GIS Page 4

5 GIS Technology since 1968 (2) Two factorys for the local and regional market Since 2001 GIS Factory in Shanghai/ China kV, 4000 A, 63kA GIS 2013 First two 420 kv single break - GIS energized in Germany and Switzerland Since 2009 GIS Factory in Aurangabad/ India kV - single break GIS kV GIS 80kA - double break kV GIS, 5000A/6300A, 80kA/90kA Page 5

6 145 kv GIS: steps of evolution - Examples From passive busbar to active busbar with combined disconnector- and earthing switch (3-position) From central to decentral gas monitoring Page 6 From hydraulic two pressure SF 6 - breaker to double nozzle breaker to self compression principle.

7 Development of GIS CB principal Technology of all voltage levels Platform concept - with life tank and dead tank CB Double SF 6 pressure - principle Double nozzle breaker with blast piston 1800 kpa 280 kpa compression quenching Double nozzle breaker with blast lattice Spring stored energy mechanism with SF 6 self-compression principle quenching compression Page 7

8 SF 6 - GIS More than 46 years successfully in service Page 8 Since more than 46 years in service 123 kv, 31.5 ka The switchgear are still gas-tight State-of-the-art GIS 7th generation 8DN8 145 kv, 3150 A, 40 ka The size has been considerably reduced

9 GIS pressure vessel Steel pressure vessel Mid 80 s Aluminum pressure vessel Welding of the vessels in the windmill Variants: construction steel, high grade steel e.g. flanges CB with several interrupter units and big housings High sheath currents temperature rise limited rated currents Page 9 Reduced sheath currents reduced temperature rise higher rated currents High product quality due to advanced Al-casting manufacturing process Reduction in: dimensions, weight, material and resources baywise transport and reduced CO 2 -emission

10 Characteristics of SF 6 1) SF 6 is a colorless, odorless and a chemical neutrally (inert) gas SF 6 is 5x heavier than air, it is not toxic and has no dangerous components inside SF 6 is no hazardous material SF 6 has no eco-toxic potential SF 6 has no impact on the ozonosphere SF 6 is a potent greenhouse gas (GWP 2) ) x CO 2 ) SF 6 has excellent electrical characteristics 1) Electra 06/2014 CIGRÉ position paper 2) Global Warming Potential 3) According to EU-F-Gas-Regulation 517/2014 Page 10

11 EU-F-Gas-regulation 1995 Kyoto Protocol (F-Gas) Awareness on SF 6 as greenhouse gas Implementation of the EU-F-Gas-Regulation 842/2006 No restriction on SF 6 applied in electric power equipment Various implementation on labelling, training, handling on SF 6 to avoid emission Review according to 842/ Approved by EU-Commission, EU-Council, EP (trialog) Adoption of the council Publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities Comes into force 21 days later June 09, New EU-F-Gas-Regulation No. 517/2014 effective Page 11 Further on no restriction on SF 6 applied in electric power equipment

12 Three core elements for the sustainable operation and future development of a GIS The long expected life time of the GIS is mainly determined by the Dielectric behavior Insulating parts Switching duties Circuit breaker, but also Disconnector- and Earthing Switches Gas-tightness Functionality and environmental protection Page 12

13 Dielectric behavior insulating parts Experienced in-house design and manufacturing Mechanical strength I SC and temperature rise Cleanliness during assembling in factory and on site More than 46 years of permanent operating time Page 13

14 Switching duties Circuit breaker, Disconnector- and Earthing switches From yesterday until tomorrow Circuit Breaker 110 kv 2500 A, 31.5 ka Single break 420 kv 5000 A, 63 ka Other features: double break 80 ka, 2 cycle operation, higher d c -time constant Disconnector- and Earthing Switch 2-position switch 3-position switch Higher rated current 1250 A 5000 A (DS) Higher rated withstand current 31.5 ka 80 ka (DS) Increasing bus transfer current and bus transfer voltage AIS-values for GIS Page 14

15 Gas-tightness Functionality and environmental protection Gas-tightness essential for the functionality static and dynamic solutions Design and material assure extreme low leakage rate IEC High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 203: Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kv (09/2011) Required leakage rate <0.5% / year / gas - compartment our type testing <0.1% / year / gas - compartment Extreme low emissions protect the environment Axial direction of rotation Movement of main contacts Dynamic solution, example for 145 kv GIS CB Page 15 Proven tightness on installed GIS for decades

16 All installed GIS can be extended Example GIS 123 kv extension GIS have got a longer life-time than originally expected All long-time installed GIS can be extended with the state-of-the-art GIS type Page 16

17 CIGRÉ survey on reliability of high-voltage equipment and subsystems CIGRÉ Technical Brochures (2012) : TB 509: Summary and General Matters TB 510: SF 6 Circuit Breakers TB 511: Disconnectors and Earthing Switches TB 512: Instrument Transformers TB 513: Gas Insulated Switchgear TB 514: GIS Practices All brochures can be downloaded from e-cigre Page 17

18 CIGRÉ overall GIS survey Switching equipment accounts for 80% of GIS irregularities Page 18

19 CB s and year of installation Live tank CB s have higher failure frequencies than dead tank and GIS Newer live tank and GIS CB s have significantly less failures than older ones Page 19

20 CIGRÉ overall GIS failure survey Observations and reflections High voltage equipment seems to be more reliable than before Many fairly old components are doing quite well Very large differences in failure frequencies in different countries In the surveyed population GIS equipment has substantially lower failure frequencies than AIS equipment Disconnectors and earthing switches show a somewhat lower failure frequency than SF 6 circuit breakers The causes for the much higher failure rates for reactor and capacitor CB s should be considered End-of-life for GIS open * * CIGRÉ Brochure No. 499 Residual life concepts applied to HV GIS Page 20

21 Reliability of Siemens GIS Cigré average Siemens GIS MTBF [bay years] kv kv kv total Page 21 The failure rate of our Siemens GIS in every voltage level is significant lower than the average in the CIGRÉ study. Source: CIGRÉ Report 513 Final Report of the International Enquiry on Reliability of High Voltage Equipment issued October The reliability of our GIS is proven high

22 GIS Standard matured for AC solutions 1965 No dedicated GIS standard existing, depending on HV product related standards 1975 IEC GIS 1. edition st change, partial discharge (PD) added nd change, Focus on encapsulation rd change, experimental tests with arc failure 1986 IEC GIS 2nd edition, Revised 1990 IEC GIS 3rd edition, Review and additional references to other relevant standards, such as IEC 60694, common regulations for High Voltage Switchgear 2003 IEC st edition, Reduction of gas leakages from 1% down to 0.5% per year/ per gas compartment 2011 IEC nd edition, Annex F, information on service continuity Page 22

23 Future trends and outlook Apart from higher rated short circuit currents, environmental aspects and individual features like dc-time constant for CB, DS bus transfer current and voltage, other solutions might be Power VT for GIS Optimized solution for high-voltage test at site of small substations (GIS 8DN8 / 72.5KV / 123KV / 145KV) For difficult transport circumstances Solution if the use of the standard high voltage test set gets difficult e.g. due to limited space Test device CPC 100 with in feed transformer CP PT1 Isolating Transformer CP TR7 Up to 3 Compensation coils CP CR Hz AC Page 23

24 NCIT Technology - Instead of conventional current and voltage transformers, NCIT solutions for GIS are foreseen NCIT are current and/or voltage measurement devices which are not able to provide a significant output power (>=2.5 VA). Current Measurement Voltage Measurement Low Power (and low voltage) analogue interface according to IEC Interfaces Digital interface according to IEC Page 24

25 GIS Outlook and Trends Reduced material- and resource consumption Higher rated currents / rated short circuit current Higher functional integration New materials (insulation, conductors) Application of 3 phase encapsulation in higher voltage levels New arc quenching technologies and CB drives Reduction of enclosure volumina and required SF 6 -gas Non-Conventional-Instrument-Transformers (NCIT) Standardized bus protocol for bay control and instrument transformers (IEC 61850) Page 25

26 State-of-the-art GIS 420 kv 145 kv Page kv

27 Conclusion on GIS Very well proven and established solutions Technology follows step-by-step development Environmental friendly SF 6 still essential part of GIS-Technology Focus on service activities due to long operational life-time Page 27

28 Contact page Peter Glaubitz Principal Expert GIS-Technology Siemens AG / E T HP GS CS Freyeslebenstraße Erlangen Phone: +49 (9131) Fax: +49 (9131) Mobile: +49 (152) peter.glaubitz@siemens.com siemens.at/future-of-energy Page 28