Rethinking Peacekeeping, Gender Equality and Collective Security

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2 Rethinking Peacekeeping, Gender Equality and Collective Security

3 Thinking Gender in Transnational Times Series Editors: Clare Hemmings, Kimberley Hutchings, Hakan Seckinelgin and Sadie Wearing Titles include: Gina Heathcote and Dianne Otto (editors) RETHINKING PEACEKEEPING, GENDER EQUALITY AND COLLECTIVE SECURITY Sumi Madhok, Anne Phillips and Kalpana Wilson (editors) GENDER, AGENCY AND COERCION Thinking Gender in Transnational Times Series Standing Order ISBN hardback (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England

4 Rethinking Peacekeeping, Gender Equality and Collective Security Edited by Gina Heathcote SOAS, University of London, UK and Dianne Otto University of Melbourne, Australia

5 Selection, Introduction and editorial matter Gina Heathcote and Dianne Otto 2014 Individual chapters Respective authors 2014 Foreword Madeleine Rees 2014 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act First published 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number , of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Typeset by MPS Limited, Chennai, India.

6 Contents List of Figures Foreword by Madeleine Rees Acknowledgements Notes on Contributors List of Abbreviations and Acronyms vii viii x xi xvii Rethinking Peacekeeping, Gender Equality and Collective Security: An Introduction 1 Dianne Otto and Gina Heathcote Part I Shame 1 The Grip of Sexual Violence: Reading UN Security Council Resolutions on Human Security 23 Karen Engle 2 Participation, Gender and Security 48 Gina Heathcote 3 Shaming the State: Sexual Offences by UN Military Peacekeepers and the Rhetoric of Zero Tolerance 70 Róisín Burke Part II Hope 4 The Road to (and from) Recovery : A Multidisciplinary Feminist Approach to Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding 99 Laura J. Shepherd 5 Thinking Globally and Acting Locally: Linking Women, Peace and Security in the Pacific 118 Sharon Bhagwan Rolls 6 Gender and Transnational Police Reform: Lessons from the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands 131 Stephanie Cousins v

7 vi Contents Part III Danger 7 Beyond Stories of Victory and Danger: Resisting Feminism s Amenability to Serving Security Council Politics 157 Dianne Otto 8 Security Council Resolution 1325: A Tool for Conflict Prevention? 173 Felicity Ruby 9 Increasing Women s Presence in Peacekeeping Operations: The Rationales and Realities of Gender Balance 185 Olivera Simić Part IV Silences 10 Systematic Silencing: Addressing Sexual Violence against Men and Boys in Armed Conflict and Its Aftermath 203 Chloé Lewis 11 Security Council Resolution 1325: Age and Gender in Conflict and the Future of Feminist Activism 224 Cara Gleeson, Sharna de Lacy, May Maloney and Fiona McAlpine 12 The Political Economy of Gender in UN Peacekeeping 243 Jacqui True Part V Conclusions 13 Concluding Remarks: Establishing Common Ground between Feminism and the Military 265 Judith Gardam and Dale Stephens Bibliography 280 Index 311