BERRI BARMERA COUNCIL LEVEL 1 ENERGY AUDITS OF SELECTED COUNCIL FACILITIES January 2013

Transcription

1 BERRI BARMERA COUNCIL LEVEL 1 ENERGY AUDITS OF SELECTED COUNCIL FACILITIES January 2013 ENVIRONARC PO BOX 56 NORTH ADELAIDE 5006 Telephone: Facsimile: (08) environarc@environarc.com.au Website: Auditor: Tad Stec Master of Science Electrical Engineering P Eng, Dip Ed, MIEA, MAPEA Contact:

2 CONTENTS Item Description Page 1 Introduction 3 2 Energy Audit Methodology 4 3 Energy Audit Assumptions and Clarifications 4 4 The Energy User s Role and Responsibilities 5 5 Audit Scope 6 6 Common Findings and General Notes for all Audited Facilities 7 7 Audit Findings EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Summary of Potential Savings All Sites Barmera Bowling Club Barmera United Soccer Club Bonney Theatre Barmera Library Barmera Recreation Centre Hayden Stoekel Swimming Pool Glassey Recreation Park Berri Visitor Information Centre Berri Works depot Berri Barmera Council Chambers Berri Town Hall (Rivoli Theatre) and Len Mahoney Room 74 Appendix Energy Audit Plan and Program Appendix Overview of Education Workshops Appendix Energy Saving and HVAC Basics 2

3 1 INTRODUCTION EnvironArc was commissioned by the Berri Barmera Council (hereinafter referred to as the Council) to undertake a Level One Energy Audit at a list of selected Council facilities, in accordance with AS/NZS 3598:2000. Energy Audits may vary in their range and depth of study; however, they shall include the following elements: Level 1 Energy Audit General a) Examination of energy consumption and sources. b) Consideration of building fabric, site services, their controls and major energyusing processes. c) Consideration of occupancy, site use and environmental conditions and requirements. d) Analysis of energy performance in relation to size of site and activities carried out within it, considering its location and climate. e) Review of energy management policy and procedures including staff resources, any monitoring or target setting and any planned or future investment. f) Identification and recommendation of measures to implement energy and financial savings opportunities. Level 1 Energy Audit Specific A Level 1 audit does not necessarily require a site visit, although this can be organised if requested by either party. A Level 1 audit shall include the following: a) Liaison with the auditor s contact on site to ascertain the following: Building construction type and fabric. Type and configuration of services. Appropriate unit of production and its quantity (e.g. net lettable area for office space, number of students for a school, number of beds for a hospital). b) Determination of total consumption of all fuels for the 24-month period before the audit, ascertained from billing data provided by the energy user. If this data is unavailable, the auditor shall estimate the consumption(s) based on the installed loads, clearly stating the relevant assumptions in the report. c) Evaluation of load profile data, if available. d) Preparation of monthly or seasonal energy consumption profiles (i.e., kwh/month, MJ/month,) of all fuels for the previous two years. Preparation of appropriate energy performance indicators (e.g., kwh/production unit, $/production unit, kwh/sq/m, MJ/sq/m, $/sq/m, kwh/student, MJ/student, $/student) and compare with industry norms, if available. e) A tariff analysis of all forms of energy being used at the audit site. f) Identification of potential for reduction of energy consumption and cost at the site with regard to the above tasks, and provision of recommendations for further action, which may include staff training, capital works, maintenance, substitution of fuels, tariff changes and a higher level energy audit. g) Preparation of a report, which shall include any findings and recommendations arising from carrying out tasks as described above. The report should also include the sources of data and the accuracy of estimations. The recommendations presented in this energy audit are subject to practical and operational considerations, which the Council or its contractors are in the best 3

4 position to judge. The main role of the energy auditor has been to identify areas, which have the potential to reduce energy consumption for the benefit of the Council. 2 ENERGY AUDIT METHODOLOGY This Audit follows EnvironArc s Reporting Framework and Guidelines as prescribed by Australian Standard (AS 3598:2000) Level 1 Energy Audit as set out below: a) Interview with Key Facility Personnel b) Facility Tour c) Document Review d) Staff Interviews e) Utility Analysis f) Identify/Evaluate Feasible ECMs (Environmental Conservation Measures) g) Economic Analysis h) Prepare a report summarising Audit Findings i) Review recommendations with Management and Staff The information contained in this audit report is based upon: a) Data collected by EnvironArc s electrical and mechanical engineering auditor b) Energy usage data supplied by the Council c) Main plant equipment kw rating and estimated run hours at peak and off-peak provided by the Council d) Building layout sketches supplied by the Council e) Interviews conducted with staff and external contractors/suppliers during site inspections. NOTE: The information contained in this report has been sourced from energy profiles and spatial information provided by the Berri Barmera Council. EnvironArc s consultant undertook site inspections and conducted interviews with users of the facilities where available, in order to compile the information required for this audit. 3 ENERGY AUDIT ASSUMPTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS a) The potential energy savings and cost estimates suggested in the recommendations provided in this report are submitted only as an indicative annual guide. Therefore, these should provide a reasonable level of estimation to enable decision-making or prediction to determine a basis for further investigations. AS/NZS 3598:2000 requires the estimates and predictions to be within ± 40%. b) Every effort has been made to audit all relevant elements of the facilities in good faith; consequently, this report is not a guarantee but is a qualified professional opinion based on the information provided and the condition of the facilities when inspected. c) EnvironArc s liability with respect to the advice given in this report shall be limited to a refund of the relevant consultancy fee charged to the client. EnvironArc does not accept responsibility for services other than those provided in this report, or for work carried out by other trades, consultants, sub consultants or practitioners to whom the client has engaged or EnvironArc may refer. d) Spatial information has been estimated from the client s building sketches as detailed building plans were not available. The sketches have not been checked to confirm whether the information is accurate. e) The analysis of this report generally focuses on the major energy consuming areas. 4

5 f) The dismantling or detailed inspection of individual plant or the measurement of buildings to confirm the area analysis was not done and is outside the brief for this project. g) The inspection did not include spaces, rooms or plant and equipment that were inaccessible or not reasonably visible. A physical inspection of roofs or wall spaces to determine the level of insulation has not been undertaken. h) All costs or rates quoted in this report exclude GST except where noted and are provided as an indicative guide only, not a formal assessment by a Quantity Surveyors estimate. 4 THE ENERGY USER S ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES Pre audit - Choice of audit level The energy user shall define the level of audit required, taking into account the following: (a) Specific issues to be addressed by the audit (b) Complexity of site (c) Total budget available for the audit and subsequent implementation Information to be provided by the user to the auditor The energy user shall provide the following information to the auditor or include the sourcing of it as outlined in the auditor s scope of work: Level of energy audit required. Details of the Council s representative on site for the auditor to contact. Date when completed audit report is required. Details of activities at the site; for example, occupancy, production levels and times of use. Major specific issues at the audit site, which may have prompted the energy audit, or which are required to be addressed by the audit report. Findings from any previous audits. Basic information about energy management activities at the site. Previous 24 months energy billing history. Site energy load profiles. Short- or long-term plans for the site which may affect recommendations. The required basis for financial evaluation. Basic site plans indicating the useable floor space of the audit site buildings. Engineering services diagrams. Site access restrictions. NOTE: The Council provided data of energy consumption for the previous twelve months, except for: Barmera Recreation Centre and Hayden Stoekel Swimming Pool (5 months only) Barmera United Soccer Club - no data was available. 5

6 During the audit The energy user should arrange for appropriate site access and meetings as required. Post audit The energy user should carry out the following after the audit report has been completed and handed over: Decide whether to progress to one of the other levels. Produce an action plan that outlines, by priority, the tasks and costs involved in implementing each measure, the allocation of these tasks, and the timetable for their implementation. NOTE: This action is critical for effective implementation of energy audit findings. Consult staff representatives, building occupants and other interested parties who are to be involved in the introduction of measures in the action plan and whose collaboration will be vital to its success. Regularly monitor the results of measures implemented and review the action plan as required. 5 AUDIT SCOPE EnvironArc has been engaged by the Berri Barmera Council to investigate and facilitate energy efficiency opportunities in eleven of its community buildings. This report completes Level 1 of the investigation, which includes the preparation of a report for Council, detailing the energy efficiency opportunities at each of the facilities. The facilities inspected and reported on included the following: 1. Barmera Bowling Club 2. Barmera United Soccer Club 3. Bonney Theatre and Memorial Hall 4. Barmera Library 5. Barmera Recreation Centre 6. Hayden Stoekel Swiming Pool 7. Glassey Park Recreation Park 8. Berri Visitor and Information Centre 9. The Berri Works Depot 10. Berri Barmera Council Chamber 11. Berri Town Hall The purpose of the audit is to identify opportunities for electrical energy efficiency opportunities at the eleven sites for the consideration of and action by Council. 6

7 6 COMMON FINDINGS AND GENERAL NOTES FOR ALL AUDITED FACILITIES The energy consumption in buildings is influenced by main factors such as: a) Building fabric b) Building services c) Installed equipment d) Building occupants behaviour e) Location and associated weather conditions f) A culture of energy saving awareness Significant savings in energy can be made by designing buildings to be energy efficient and by installing energy efficient lighting, air conditioning systems and services. An equally important factor in the use of energy in a building is the occupants use of facilities. Common to each of the audited facilities include: 6.1 LIGHTING The details of the recommendations for changes to lighting can be found under the section considering energy saving initiatives for each site. In general, it is recommended that new technology light fittings be used to replace existing inefficient ones as they: provide a longer lamp life provide an equal light output as older style lighting consume less electrical energy The operation of all exterior lighting could not be tested. The operation of timers and photoelectric cells should be checked for effective operation after hours, where applicable, as part of a maintenance program. The savings made in the tables provided are INDICATIVE ONLY, and are based on the supply and installation of multiple solutions at each site. It is more cost effective to carry out as many tasks as possible at the same time, and as part of a maintenance/replacement program at each site. Any costs provided, do not include earthing new light fittings (where recommended) to comply AS/NZS 3000:2000 Electrical Installations (Wiring Rules). Costs may also not include any replacement of various hardware changes to accommodate upgraded lighting tubes etc. 6.2 AIR CONDITIONING Occasionally, air conditioners are left running when not required. Where appropriate a timer controller could be either utilised or installed to turn off individual air conditioning units after a predetermined time. The cost of installing timer controllers to air conditioners is estimated to be in the order of $350 per unit. In most cases, the Auditor found that air conditioners at the inspected sites were being used only as required. 7

8 It is preferable that air conditioning condensers are not exposed to direct sunlight, where the air temperature is higher than the ambient temperature measured in the shade. Reverse cycle air conditioners are generally located on top of the roof. The units are exposed to direct sunlight, and run less efficiently (AS/NZS :2011 Section 3 Performance Criteria) than if they were shaded. The higher temperature increases enthalpy of air used for cooling the systems and decreases their efficiency. Shading of the systems will increase their efficiency by 5% to 15%. Click here for hints and tips. 6.3 HOT WATER SERVICES (HWS) In general, most hot water services run continuously, or are not switched off. This practice will waste energy and can be easily resolved by turning them off at appropriate times, or by installing timers to turn off the units at predetermined times. There are a number of options available to reduce energy usage in the production of hot water. Some of these include: Manually turning off electric hot water services when not required Installing timer controllers on electric hot water service units Replace a hot water service with a more energy efficient type Timers will switch off these units when not required (ie at night and during weekends etc). The estimated cost to supply and install a suitable controller to an electric hot water service is approximately $1000. Users will rapidly recoup the costs to provide and program the controllers through energy savings. Each hot water service has a thermostat that sets the specific temperature to which the unit heats water. The thermostat is a switch controlling the energy input to the hot water service whereby the switch supplies power to the unit when the temperature of the water is below the specific temperature of the thermostat and disconnects the power when above. The duty cycle of the hot water service relates to this switching and is high when the demand for hot water is high and low when no hot water is in use. Turning off hot water services will not only save energy, it will also extend the service life of the units. When electric HWS storage type units reach the end of their service life, it is recommended that they be replaced with instantaneous gas or solar heaters. Instantaneous gas hot water systems use less energy and produce less CO 2 than electrical powered ones. For example, 1kWh electrical energy produces 0.91kg of CO 2 and 1kWh of LPG produces 0.225kg CO 2. New electric heat pump storage hot water services are very efficient and solar hot water services use the sun to heat water, however they generally require either a gas or electric backup system to keep the water temperature at its selected operating range. Similarly, evacuated-tube solar hot water systems 8

9 have become cost effective to purchase, often more so than conventional solar systems, however they also require either a gas or electric backup system to keep the water temperature at its selected operating range. 6.4 THERMAL ROOF PAINT, CEILING INSULATION, DOUBLE GLAZING AND THERMAL WINDOW FILM The recommended minimum insulation rating for the Berri Barmera region is: Roof: R = 3 Walls: R =1.5 Most of the insulation in the Council buildings falls below these ratings. Poor ceiling and roof insulation allows heat penetration during summer and the loss of accumulated heat from the buildings during winter. The cost of 1m² of ceiling insulation is estimated to be $ Heat reflective paint used on roofs (one example, - not sold by EnvironArc - prevents infrared transmission to the buildings. The cost of painting 1m² of roof is estimated to be $ Glazing is an important factor in buildings. The WERS rating system calculates the R value of various glazing configurations. Aluminium window frames are less efficient than timber and double-glazing will generally not stop UV from passing through it unless solar tinting film is also applied. Double-glazing is effective in retaining heat. Positioning and shading windows is invaluable for energy efficiency. Inefficient glazing is an important factor in energy wastage and is therefore a high priority for consideration when designing or retrofitting facilities. Double-glazing generally starts at $700 per 1m². Using insulated and reflective solar film on windows (One example - not sold by EnvironArc - increases their thermal resistance and reflects infrared radiation, reducing the cooling and heating requirements of protected buildings. The cost of installing 1m² of insulation film on windows is estimated to be $ SOLAR POWER GENERATION Solar panels installed on a roof can be used to create shade, which decreases IR heat penetration into the building. It may be discovered that strategically positioning solar panels to cause shade on a roof, may negate the need for thermal roof painting or additional ceiling insulation. The related calculations, technology, procurement incentives, varying tariff rates and systems available are complex and beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit; suffice to say that solar panels used for power generation, have proven themselves as an effective way to reduce electricity costs. The rapidly reducing cost in such systems is assisting to reduce the payback period, which was, until recently, a great deterrent against investing in them. 9

10 6.6 A CULTURE OF ENERGY SAVING AWARENESS One of the greatest impacts on energy use is relative to the awareness and/or culture of the user. Council has no energy management policy or program. Please refer to the appendix in this report. Recommendation That Council develops an energy management policy and program (refer AS 3598:2000 Section 6). That Council conducts a range of Energy Saving education workshops for staff and public awareness. The cost should be in the order of $

11 7 AUDIT FINDINGS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7.1 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS, ALL SITES a) The table below shows the potential savings for each site. Site Electricity Rating CO 2 Electricity Electricity CO 2 CO 2 Saved Cost Payback used produced saved kwh $/kwh tonnes kwh % tonnes % $ $ Years Barmera Bowling Club 27, , ,416 34, Barmera United Soccer Club 25, , ,583 33, Bonney Theatre and Memorial Hall 6, , , Barmera Library 37, , ,566 15, Barmera Recreation Centre 7, , ,799 23, Hayden Stoekel Swimming Pool 24, , , Glassey Recreation Park 21, , ,010 3, Berri Visitor and Information 34, , ,862 24, Centre The Berri Works Depot 66, , ,855 12, Berri Barmera Council Chambers 113, , ,379 30, Berri Town Hall 54, , ,279 14, Total 418,439 NA , , ,

12 b) The potential savings after installing solar panels are shown below: Site Barmera Library 15, ,454 28, Barmera United Soccer Club 15, ,454 28, Barmera Library 15, ,309 28, Glassey Recreation Park 15, ,951 28, Berri Visitor and Information 15, ,172 28, Centre The Berri Works Depot 30, ,493 56, Berri Barmera Council Chambers 45, ,988 84, Total 152, , ,

13 7.2 BARMERA BOWLING CLUB BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Barmera Bowling Club is located at Lot 473 Nookamka Terrace, Barmera. There is one building and two bowling rinks. The building is used as the clubhouse for the Bowling Club, approximately 30 hours per week. The floor area is in the order of 580 sq/m. The building was built in approximately 1940 and is constructed of double brick with a sheet metal roof. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine existing roof and ceiling insulation. The total insulation is estimated to be R = 1. The building has single glass windows with an insulation rating estimated to be R = An analogue meter measures peak and off peak electrical energy, but there was no access to the meter. LPG is also used at the site, but there was no information for gas consumption ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the building was open and staff members were present. There appeared to be full activity within the building, with all lights, air conditioning systems and some kitchen machines operating. An analogue meter measures peak and off peak energy. The data provided shows extensive consumption of off peak energy, which could have been used for external lighting. 13

14 The following data was provided: from September 2010 to December days from December 2011 to December days (The data has been recalculated to show 365 days in 2011/2012) Date Days Peak Rate Off peak Rate kwh kwh , , Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 27, % 56.33% Peak Off peak ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT 3 x evaporative air conditioning systems. Total electrical power is estimated to be 1.2 kw. 62 x 36W fluorescent tubes 1 x 60W incandescent light 3 x 200W halogen spotlights 4 x 50W ceiling fans 32 x (estimated power) 250W external High Bay lights 14

15 1 x (estimated power) 4 kw water pump 1 x laptop computer and 2 x printers Kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges, microwaves etc. 2 x electric hot water services (HWS), each 1.8 kw 2 x chillers and cooling room. NOTE: There is no data for the chillers and cooling room, and calculations for refrigeration systems are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit REFRIGERATION The refrigeration system operates 24 hours per day and appears to be a major energy consumer, but no related data was available. Detailed consideration of the system is beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please refer to the general notes in Section 6 of this report. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Internal fluorescent tubes 36W replaced by 18W LEDs. The cost of individual 18W LED fluorescent tubes is approximately $15. 3, , Bowling green floodlights 250W replaced by 100W LEDs. The cost of individual 100W LED lights is approximately $175. 4, , External spotlights 200W replaced by 80W LEDs. The cost of individual 80W LED spotlights is approximately $

16 NOTE: Indicative costs in the tables were calculated as the difference between existing and LED lighting HOT WATER SERVICES Two electric hot water systems are installed in this building, as well as two dishwashers. It appears that the HWS is on continuously. Recommendations Control switches be fitted to the existing hot water systems, which will efficiently manage the usage. The estimated cost of the required switches is approximately $1,000 each. Please refer to the general notes in Section 6 in this report. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: 2, , Alternate Option 1: LPG hot water services Electric hot water services have a high thermal inertia and cannot instantly supply hot water when it is required, i.e. they can take a long time to cool down or heat up, leading to wasted energy which costs money and generates CO 2. An LPG instant HWS will supply hot water immediately and continuously. If the electric HWS is replaced with an instantaneous gas system, the energy savings are estimated to be as follows: 3, , NOTE: if the Council decides to install solar panels, the installation of an LPG HWS is not necessary. Alternate Option 2: Solar water heater, solar water heat pump If solar panels for the generation of power is not considered, the installation of a solar water heater may be another option. With cost of the equipment estimated to be $8,000 (some rebates may be available) the energy savings and payback are potentially as follows: 3, ,

17 7.2.7 THERMAL INSULATING PAINT If 50% of the Bowling Club roof is painted, the estimated savings are potentially as follows: 1, , Recommendations Paint part of the roof with thermal insulation paint. The notional cost of this is $7, CEILING INSULATION The ceiling insulation rating is estimated to be R = 1. Please refer Section 6. If the additional insulation is installed the estimated savings are potentially as follows: 3, , Recommendation It is recommended that consideration be given to installing additional ceiling insulation rated at a minimum of R = WINDOWS The 3 mm glass windows have an estimated thermal rating of R = Please see general notes in Section 6. Insulating solar film installed on the window increases the rating to R = If the film is installed as recommended, the savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: , Recommendation That the solar film as stated above be installed. 17

18 WALL INSULATION The walls are double brick with an estimated rating of R = Assessment, calculation and recommendations for additional wall insulation are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit SOLAR POWER GENERATION Please refer Section 6 of this report. The roof area of the building is sufficient to install a 10 kw solar panel system. Calculations based on average solar panel price show the following savings: 15, ,454 28, Solar panels installed on the roof will also create shade on the roof that will decrease heat penetration into the building. Recommendation That the installation of solar panels be considered ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills. 18

19 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the suggested recommendations, the following potential savings may be achieved: Item Fluorescent 3, , External 4, , lighting HWS 2, , Painting 1, , Ceiling 3, , insulation Window film , Spotlights Total 16, ,416 34, Solar panels 15, ,454 28, Subtotal 31, ,870 62, After including an 8% increase in the cost of electricity, the final payback, with solar panels, is approximately 4.8 years. 19

20 7.3 BARMERA UNITED SOCCER CLUB BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Barmera United Soccer Club is located on Lot 302, Sims Street, Barmera, and consists of a building, a changing shed, a veranda and two storage sheds. The building is used at weekends during the soccer season, and the estimated time of use by the Soccer Club is 330 hours per year. The floor area is 300 sq/m. The building was built in 1988 with double brick walls and a sheet metal roof. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to establish roof and ceiling thermal insulation, however the insulation was estimated to be R = 1. The building has single glass windows with an insulation rating estimated to be R = An analogue meter measures consumed energy. There was no access to the meter ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the building was not being used and one staff member was present. No formal data for electrical consumption was provided. However, for the purposes of this Audit, the following consumption data was estimated: Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 25,

21 7.3.3 ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT The following energy consuming equipment is installed in the main building and changing shed: 6 x evaporative air conditioning systems. Electrical power is estimated at 2.4 kw. 47 x 36W fluorescent tubes 6 x 60W incandescent lights 4 x 200W halogen spotlights 5 x 50W ceiling fans. Kitchen equipment including kettles, fridges, microwaves etc. 1 x water pump, estimated 2 kw 1 x electric hot water system (HWS) estimated at 3.6 kw 1 x LPG gas heater. No data for gas consumption was provided LIGHTING The measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see the general notes in Section 6 of this report. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Internal fluorescent tubes 36W replaced by 18W LEDs. The cost of 18W LED fluorescent tubes is approximately $ External lights - replace 200W external spotlights with 80W LEDs. The cost of each 80W LED flood light is approximately $

22 All incandescent globes should be replaced with 10W LED globes. The cost of 10W LED globes is approximately $ HOT WATER SERVICES One electric hot water system is installed and it appears to be running continuously. It is estimated that this HWS only needs to operate for approximately 200 hours per year. Please refer general notes in Section 6 of this report. Recommendations A control switch be fitted to the existing hot water system, which will efficiently manage the usage. The estimated cost of the required switch is approximately $ 1,000. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: 3, ,105 1, Alternate Option 1: LPG hot water systems Electric hot water services have a high thermal inertia and cannot instantly supply hot water when it is required, i.e. they can take a long time to cool down or heat up, leading to wasted energy which costs money and generates CO 2. An LPG instant HWS will supply hot water immediately and continuously. If the electric HWS is replaced with an instantaneous gas systems, the energy savings are estimated to be as follows: 3, ,123 2, NOTE: If the Council decides to install solar panels, the installation of an LPG HWS is not necessary. Alternate Option 2: Solar hot water service, solar heat pump If solar panels for the generation of powerare not considered, the installation of a solar water heater may be another option. With cost of the equipment estimated to be $8,000 (some rebates may be available) the energy savings and payback are potentially as follows: 22

23 3, ,131 8, THERMAL INSULATING PAINT Recommendations That the north facing roof of the building and shed be painted with thermal insulating paint. Please refer general notes in Section 6 of this report. The cost should be approx $ Energy savings are estimated as follows: , CEILING INSULATION Recommendations Upgrade the ceiling insulation to R = 4 for a cost of $12, The following indicative estimated savings may be made are: 1, , WINDOWS The 3 mm glass windows have an estimated thermal rating of R = Please see general notes in Section 6 in this report. Thermal solar film installed on the southern and northern windows will increase the rating to R = 0.34, and also block 75% of IR radiation , The related payback may be considered unpalatable, but once the additional film is installed, it will reduce IR radiation, leading to the reduced need for air conditioning in both summer and winter. The calculations for this are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit. Recommendations That solar insulating film as stated above is installed. 23

24 7.3.9 WALL INSULATION The walls are double brick with an estimated rating of R = Assessment, calculations and recommendations for additional wall insulation are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit SOLAR POWER GENERATION Please refer Section 6 of this report. The roof area of the building is a is sufficient to install a 10 kw solar system. Calculations based on average solar panel price show the following savings: 15, ,454 28, Recommendations That the installation of solar panels be considered ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills. 24

25 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the recommendations, the Council may potentially achieve the following savings: Item Fluorescent HWS 3, ,105 1, Windows film , Painting , Ceiling insulation 1, , Windows film , Spotlights Total 7, ,583 33, Solar panels 15, ,454 28, Subtotal 22, ,037 61, Including a potential 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback period for all recommendations, with solar panels, is estimated to be 5.9 years. 25

26 7.4 BONNEY THEATRE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Bonney Theatre and Memorial Hall is located at 4 Barwell Avenue, Barmera, which was recently renovated. It was built in 1938, with brick walls and a sheet metal roof. The building area is 630 sq/m The single glass windows have an insulation rating estimated to be R = 0.34 and R = 0.166, plus roof insulation with an estimated rating of R = 1. Ceiling insulation is unknown. No air conditioning is installed. There was no information available for the operating hours of the building, but it is estimated to be approximately 600 hours per year ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the building was not being used and no staff member was present. An analogue meter provided information about energy use, as follows: Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 6,

27 Date Energy Rate kwh $/kwh Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Total 5, It is assumed that lights are switched on throughout the building only when it is occupied. Groups of lights are usually connected together and are controlled by one switch. There are sensor lights in the toilets and the storage area ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT 103 x 36W fluorescent tube 2 x LED lights, 32 x 14W and four x 20W fluorescent compact lights 20 x 150W (or more) incandescent lights used for productions. 4 x 60W incandescent lights, 28 x electrical heaters, each with an estimated power of 2 kw 1 x electric hot water service, with an estimated power of 2 kw one computer and one printer kitchen equipment including : kettles, fridges, etc LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS NOTE: There was no access to the lighting in the balcony or the auditorium. 27

28 Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general comments in Section 6. This includes the replacement of existing light fittings with LED lights and the installation of timing, movement and twilight switches in the building where required e.g. parts of the foyer and bio box. It is estimated that a saving of up to 5% of the energy used could be possible through the changes that are proposed. On the basis that upgrading related savings and paybacks may be as follows: Internal fluorescent tubes, 36W be replaced with 18W LED lights. The cost of an LED fluorescent tube is approximately $ , Note: There is no recommendation related to production lights. These are a specialist item and outside the scope of a Level 1 Energy Audit ROOF AND CEILING INSULATION The building has a sheet metal roof with insulation rated at R = 1. There is no information related to ceiling insulation. Any insulation in-situ would be affected by the poor condition of the ceiling in parts of the hall. Recommendation If the ceiling and roof insulation was not upgraded during the last renovation, it is recommended that consideration be given to installing additional ceiling insulation to a rating of minimum R = 4. 28

29 If the additional insulation is installed, predicted savings may be as follows: 2, , The savings relate to the energy consumption of heaters only, as the insulation will reduce the need for additional heating WINDOWS The building has 6 mm glass windows with an estimated thermal rating of R = Please refer to the general notes in Section 6 of this report. Recommendation Install thermal insulation film on the southern side windows to increase the rating to R = The film also claims to block 75% of IR radiation ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills. 29

30 7.4.8 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementation of the listed recommendations below, the Council could potentially achieve the following savings: Item Fluorescent lights , Ceiling insulation 2, , Total 2, , After including an estimated 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback is potentially 8 years. 30

31 7.5 BARMERA LIBRARY BRIEF DESCRIPTION The Barmera Library is located at 4 Barwell Avenue, Barmera. It was built in 1961, with brick walls and a sheet metal roof. The floor area is approx 420 sq/m. The building has single glass windows with an insulation rating estimated to be R = The roof insulation has an estimated rating of R = 1 to 2, and the ceiling insulation is estimated to be R = 1. The building is used 39 hours per week, excluding Sundays ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the inspection, the office was open and a staff member was present. An analogue meter is used to measure energy consumption. It was found during the inspection that all lights, AC systems and IT systems were switched on. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine that IT systems can be switched off automatically during weekends and after hours. The following data was provided: Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 37,

32 Date Energy Rate kwh $/kwh Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Total 37, ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT 1 x evaporative ducted air conditioning system, estimated to be 0.5kW 4 x division cycle air conditioning systems, estimated to be 3.5 kw 1 x electric hot water system (HWS) 3.6 kw, 96 x 36W fluorescent tube lighting 4 x LED lights 17 x 50W halogen lights 2 x 200W spotlights 13 x desktop computers and laptops, 13 screens, 2 printers and 1 server. kitchen equipment including : kettles, fridges, microwaves etc LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Please refer to the general notes in Section 6 of this report. It is estimated that a saving of up to 20% of the energy used could be possible through the changes that are proposed. 32

33 Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded to the following tables: Internal fluorescent tubes 36W replaced by 18W LEDs. The cost of an LED fluorescent tube is approximately $15. 6, ,933 1, Spotlights 200W replaced by 100W LEDs. The cost of a 100W LED globe is approximately $ Halogen globes replaced with 10W LED globes. The cost of these globes is approximately $7. 1, HOT WATER The building has one electric hot water system and from the data provided, it appears that it is never switched off. 33

34 If the hot water service is turned off when there is no activity in the building and turned back a suitable time prior to starting the activity (e.g. before the Library is opened each day), it is estimated that the system only needs to be switched on for approximately 1,995 hours per year. Please refer the general notes in section 6 of this report. Recommendation A control switch is fitted to the existing hot water service. The cost of the switch required is estimated to be $1,000. The savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 2, , It is also recommended that thermal insulation be provided for hot water pipes, thereby saving additional energy THERMAL INSULATING ROOF PAINT Please refer the general notes in section 6 of this report. The potential savings by painting the roof with reflective paint are outlined in the following table. Recommendation Paint the roof with thermal insulating paint. 1, ,

35 7.5.7 CEILING INSULATION The metal shed roof has an insulation rating of R = 1, and no information about ceiling insulation was available. Recommendation It is recommended that ceiling insulation with rating minimum R = 4 be installed. If the additional insulation is installed, the potential savings are estimated as follows: 1, , WINDOWS The building has 6 mm glass windows with an estimated thermal rating of R = Insulating film installed on the windows on the southern side of the building will increase the rating to R = The film also claims to block 75% of IR radiation. Further detailed calculations are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit WALL INSULATION The walls are a combination of double brick and brick veneer with an estimated rating of R = Assessment, calculation and recommendation for additional wall insulation is beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit COMPUTERS AND OTHER IT EQUIPMENT There are a number of desktop computers and laptops, screens and printers in the building. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine that the equipment is automatically switched off after hours and during weekends. The equipment consumes approximately 3,591 kwh per year. Energy savings can be made subject to their need to be switched on, for example: if 25% of the equipment is switched off after hours and during weekends, when the building is not being used, the energy consumption could be reduced to 898 kwh. The equipment could be switched to shutdown mode ie: Enable Wake On using LAN or other network workgroup to workstations Issue a shutdown command to all workstations at appropriate times when computers can be turned off. 35

36 There are also four computers connected to the Internet for public use. If not already done so, it is suggested that software be enabled to allow the computers to go into hibernation mode after 10 minutes of idle time. There is no associated cost, and predicted savings and payback are potentially as follows: Recommendation That this matter be investigated to minimise usage and energy wastage SOLAR POWER GENERATION Please refer to general notes in Section 6 in this report. The roof area of the building is suitable for a 10 kw solar panel system, with the following savings: 15, ,309 28, Recommendation That the installation of solar panels be considered ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills. 36

37 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the recommendations in the table below, the following savings may potentially be made: Item Fluorescent 6, ,933 1, Spotlights HWS 2, , Painting 1, , Ceiling insulation 1, , Computers Halogen 1, Total 16, ,566 15, Solar panels 15, ,309 28, Subtotal 31, ,875 44, Including an 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback period could potentially be approximately 3.7 years. 37

38 7.6 BARMERA RECREATION CENTRE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Barmera Recreation Centre is located at 1 James Street, Barmera, and was built in The main building is constructed of double brick with an insulation rating estimated at R = 0.26, a metal roof rated at R = 1 and single glass windows rated at R = 0.34 to R = The ceiling has ceiling tiles with an estimated insulation rating of R = 1. The metal sports shed has no insulation in the walls. The gym has an office, circuit room and squash court with additional walls. The wall insulation rating is estimated to be R = 0.5. The aerobic room has a metal roof, (estimated rating R = 1) and an additional wall on the western side with insulation estimated at R = 0.5. The floor area is 1730 sq/m. 38

39 7.6.2 ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the Centre was closed; however, one staff member was present. Over the 6 month period of data provided, the Centre was used for approximately 325 hours. An analogue meter provided data about energy use for the period July 2012 to November 2012 as follows: Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 7, Date Energy Rate kwh $/kwh Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Total 7, ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT 6 x evaporative air conditioning systems with total estimated electrical power 2.7 kw, located on the roof. 3 x division cycle air conditioning systems with total estimated power 9 kw. 134 x 36W fluorescent tubes 10 x14w fluorescent compact lights. 1 x incandescent 40W light in the sauna. 17 x High Bay lights, Watts 2 x ceiling fans 39

40 1 x TV set An electric hot water system with electrical power of 3.6 kw (10 kw capacity) kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges, microwaves etc. with total power estimated to 2.5 kw LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general notes in Section 6 of this report. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Replace 36W fluorescent tubes with 18W LEDs. The cost of an 18W LED fluorescent tube is approximately $15. 1, , Replace 250W High Bay Mercury with 100W LEDs. The cost of a 100W HB LED light is approximately $ , All incandescent lights should be replaced with 10W LED globes. The cost of each globe is approximately $ HOT WATER SERVICES An electric hot water system (HWS) using 3.6 kw electrical power is installed. A timer to control the HWS usage when there is no activity should attract the following savings: 1, , The cost of a timer switch is estimated to be $1,

41 7.6.6 THERMAL INSULATING PAINT Please refer section 6 of this report. It is suggested that if the roof of the Recreation Centre is painted, the savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: , CEILING AND ROOF INSULATION The building has sheet metal roof with an insulation rating of R = 1. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to view ceiling insulation. NOTE: The roof insulation is damaged and needs to be repaired or replaced. Installing insulation to 66% of the roof area, could attract the following potential savings as follows: 1, , WINDOWS The 6mm glass windows have an estimated thermal rating of R = 0.34, and the 3 to 4mm glass windows an estimated rating of R =

42 Insulation film installed on the 3 mm windows of the western side of the aerobic room will increase the rating to R = The film also claims to block 75% of IR radiation, which will assist to lower the temperature in the room. The curtains installed in the aerobic room absorb IR sunlight and radiate it as heat into the room. During the inspection, the measured temperature on the curtains was 46ºC. It is suggested that the curtain fabric be changed to one with a reflective surface. Detailed calculations for IR radiation and related heating of the room are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit. The table below shows the estimated savings after installing window film , WALL INSULATION The walls are double brick with an estimated rating of R = It is recommended that wall insulation of R = 2 (minimum) is installed on the: Stadium, Gym Office Circuit room Squash Court 2 Squash Court 1 Aerobic room Assessment, calculations and recommendations for additional wall insulation is beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit EVAPORATIVE AIR CONDITIONERS 42

43 The evaporative air conditioners have reached the end of their serviceable life. It is recommended that the system be replaced, with the potential cost of a new unit is estimated to be $1,500 excluding installation. There is no significant saving of electricity but air quality should be significantly improved ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills, particularly as the Centre is used during off peak times SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the listed recommendations, the following savings may potentially be made: Item Fluorescent 1, , HB lighting , HWS 1, , Painting , Ceiling insulation 1, , Windows film , Total 6, ,799 23, Allowing for an 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback is potentially 8.8 years. NOTE: Paybacks were calculated upon provided energy consumption for 5 months during one year. If the building is used more extensively, related paybacks are less. 43

44 7.7 HAYDEN STOEKEL SWIMING POOL BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Hayden Stoekel Swimming Pool is located on Coombe St, Berri. The pool was built in 1957, and the buildings in approximately The facility consists of: kiosk with canteen, two toilets with showers, emergency room, chlorine filter shed, club rooms. The building is used at various times for approximately 30 hours per week ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the site was open to the public and a staff member was present. The internal lighting was viewed however external lighting was switched off. An analogue meter measures consumed energy. Data provided shows consumed energy from July 2012 to November

45 Date Energy Rate kwh $/kwh Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct-12 7, Nov-12 16, Total 24, Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 24, ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT one evaporative ducted air conditioning system (cooling only) Electrical power is estimated at 0.3 kw. 24 x 36W fluorescent tubes 10 x (estimated) 250W external High Bay and flood lighting 1 laptop and 1 printer, one TV power 200 watts kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges, microwaves etc. 45

46 NOTE: A significant energy consumer is located in the chlorine filter shed, where there are several electric motors. One of them is an old 24 kw motor, which consumes more energy and is less efficient than newer motors. These should be further reviewed for efficiency and potential replacement. An associated plant condition audit is outside the scope of an AS 3598:2000 Level 1 Energy Audit LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general notes in Section 6. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Replace 36W fluorescent tubes with 18W LEDs. The cost of an LED fluorescent tube is approximately $ Replace 250W High Bay Mercury with 100W LEDs The cost of a HB LED light is approximately $ ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills. 46

47 7.7.6 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the recommendations in this report, the following savings may potentially be made: Item Fluorescent HB lighting Total 1, , Including an 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback is approximately 2.2 years. 47

48 7.8 GLASSEY RECREATION PARK BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Glassey Recreation Park is located at 25 Chilton Road, Berri. The building is used as a clubhouse for the Berri Hockey Club and the Berri Softball club. It is used most weekends, approximately 25 hours per week. The clubroom facility is 540 sq/m The building was constructed in approximately 1993, of brick veneer and a sheet metal roof. There is no roof/ceiling thermal insulation. The single glass windows have an insulation rating estimated to R = Two analogue meters measure peak and off peak energy. The data provided shows extensive consumption of off peak energy used for external lighting ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE The following data was provided - Meter No September 2011 to June At the time of the site inspection, the building was closed and no staff member was present. During the inspection, hot water was available in the toilets and showers. It appears that the HWS is permanently on and is a major energy consumer. No access was available to the system, and its power was assessed from energy bills. 48

49 External lighting is another main energy consumer, but no access was available during the inspection. Power use was assessed from energy bills. Based on the information provided, the energy consumption figures for the office were calculated as follows: Date Peak Rate Off Rate peak kwh $/kwh kwh $/kwh Sep-11 Jun-12 8, , Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 21, The division between peak and off peak energy % 59.36% Peak Off peak ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT one evaporative ducted air conditioning system (cooling only), estimated to be 1 kw. 64 x 36W and 7 x 18W fluorescent tubes 10 x 50W ceiling fans 250W external High Bay and flood-lighting 1 x TV of 200W kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges, microwaves etc. 4 x electric hot water heaters (HWS) There was no access to the PLC light box for softball. 49

50 7.8.4 LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general notes in Section 6 of this report. Once replaced, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Replace 36W fluorescent tubes replaced by 18W LEDs The cost of an LED fluorescent tube is approximately $15. 2, Replace 250W High Bay Mercury with 100W LEDs. The cost of a 100W HB LED light is approximately $175. 7, ,280 1, HOT WATER SERVICES Apparently there are 4 electric hot water systems, secured in a locked room with no access. It appears that they are switched on continuously. By implementing a switch off program, it is estimated that they would only need to be switched on for approximately 200 hours per year. By implementing the recommendations, the potential individual savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 4, , The cost of the required switches is estimated to be $1,000 each. Alternate Option 1: LPG instantaneous gas HWS. Once switched off, the electric HWS will still use 798 kwh of electrical energy. This energy costs $184 per year and generates 0.73 tonnes CO 2. 50

51 An LPG instantaneous HWS can supply hot water and will save energy as follows: 5, ,552 2, Note: If the Council decides to install solar panels, the installation of an LPG HWS is not necessary. Alternate Option 2: Solar water heater, solar water heat pump. If the Council does not install solar panels, the installation of a solar water heater is optional. With cost of the equipment estimated to $8,000 (some rebates may be available) energy savings and payback may be as follows: 5, ,643 8, As this system only works during the day, and because of its thermal inertia, the system needs to be connected to an electric or LPG HWS for supplementation of hot water SOLAR POWER GENERATION The roof area of the building is sufficient to install approximately a 10 kw solar system. Calculations based on an average solar panel price show the following savings: 15, ,951 28, Solar panels on the roof also create shade, which significantly decreases IR heat penetration into the building. Recommendation That the installation of solar power generation panels be considered ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. 51

52 Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the listed recommendations below, the following savings may potentially be made: Item Fluorescent 2, HB lighting 7, ,280 1, HWS 4, , Total 14, ,010 3, Solar panels 15, ,951 28, Subtotal 29, ,961 32, Including an 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback is potentially 3.2 years. 52

53 7.9 BERRI VISITOR AND INFORMATION CENTRE BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Berri Visitor and Information Centre is located on Riverview Drive, Berri. It was built in 2001, and is a timber framed building with many single glass windows rated at R = The facility is approximately 280 sq/m The roof is of sheet metal with a sheet metal ceiling. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to view thermal insulation between the sheets. Because the building heats excessively on a regular basis, and becomes quite cold in the winter, it appears that there may be no insulation. The building is used 7 days per week. Monday to Friday 9am to 5pm, Saturday and Sunday 10am to 3pm. 53

54 7.9.2 ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the building was open and staff members were present. There was full activity within the building, with all lights, air conditioners and other equipment turned on. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine that IT systems are switched off automatically after hours. The building uses two analogue meters measuring peak and off peak energy. Data provided suggests extensive consumption of off peak energy used for external lighting. The following data was provided for: Meter No from November 2011 to November 2012 (A) Meter No from November 2011 November 2012 (B) Based on the information provided, the energy consumption figures for the building were calculated as follows: Date Meter Peak Rate Off Rate peak kwh kwh Nov Nov. A 4, , B 10, , Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 34, Division between peak and off peak energy % 45.45% Peak Off peak 54

55 7.9.3 ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT 1 x evaporative ducted air conditioning system (cooling only) Electrical power is estimated at 0.5 kw. 1 x division cycle air conditioning system with total estimated power 3 kw. Electrical power is estimated at 0.86 kw. 17 x 36W and 11 x 18W fluorescent tubes 17 x 14W compact fluorescent lights 15 x LED lights 6 x 50W halogen lights External 250W (estimated) High Bay and flood lighting 5 x desktop computers and laptops, 5 screens and 2 printers one TV power 200 Watts kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges, microwaves etc. LPG heater LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Lights are permanently on throughout the building during business hours. Groups of lights are usually connected together and are controlled by one switch. There are no timing, movement or twilight switches in the building. There is switching for individual rooms. 55

56 Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general notes in Section 6. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Replace 36W fluorescent tubes with 18W LEDs. The cost of 18W LED fluorescent tubes is approximately $15. 1, Replace 200W High Bay Mercury with 100W LEDs. The cost of 100W HB LED lights is approximately $ , ,682 1, All halogen lights need to be replaced with 10 W LED globes. The cost of these globes is approximately $ THERMAL INSULATING PAINT Please refer the general information in section 6 of this report The savings in electrical energy if the metal roof is painted with thermal insulating paint is estimated as per the table below: 3, , Recommendation That the roof be painted with thermal insulating paint CEILING INSULATION The building has metal shed roof with an insulation rating of R = 1. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to view and assess ceiling insulation. 56

57 Recommendation It is recommended that consideration be given to installing additional ceiling insulation with minimum rating of R = 4. If the additional insulation is installed predicted savings may be as follows: 4, ,322 12, WINDOWS The 6 mm glass windows have an estimated thermal rating of R = Insulation film installed on the southern windows will increase the rating to R = The film also claims to block 75% of IR radiation. The light construction of the building with almost no thermal insulation and an abundance of windows, indicates that the payback period is high; however, calculations did not include protection against the direct infra-red penetration that significantly heats the building. Further research and more detailed calculations to ascertain this are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit. If the film is installed the potential savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 1, , Recommendation That solar thermal insulating film be installed as identified above WALLS The walls are of a timber frame construction, with unknown in-wall insulation. Assessment, calculation and recommendations for additional wall insulation are above the scope of a Level 1 Audit COMPUTERS AND OTHER IT EQUIPMENT At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine that the equipment is automatically switched off after hours. During business hours, this equipment consumes approximately 2,184 kwh per year. 57

58 There are two public computers connected to the Internet. It is also suggested that software is installed which will hibernate the computers after 10 minutes of idle time. If not already done so, the equipment could be switched to shutdown mode ie: Enable Wake On using internal computer software Issue a shutdown command using internal computer software. The estimated saving is approximately 546kWh, representing 1.59% of total electrical energy. There is no associated cost. Predicted savings and payback may be as follows: Recommendation That action be taken to minimise electricity use from unneeded IT equipment SOLAR POWER GENERATION There is sufficient roof area to install solar panels. Calculations based on average 10 kw solar panel price show the following savings: 15, ,172 28, Solar panels installed on the roof create shade, significantly decreasing IR heat penetration into the building, thereby negating roof painting, however the clarification of this is beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit. Recommendation That the installation of energy generating solar panels be considered ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. 58

59 That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the recommendations, the following savings could potentially be made: Item Fluorescent 1, HB lighting 12, ,682 1, Painting 3, , Ceiling insulation 4, ,322 12, Windows film 1, , Computers Total 24, ,862 24, Solar panels 15, ,172 28, Subtotal 39, ,033 52, Including an 8% increase in electricity prices the final payback is potentially 4.2 years. 59

60 7.10 BERRI WORKS DEPOT BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The Berri Works Depot is located at 11 Paddick Street, Berri. The depot was built in 1970 and consists of the Main Office building and several sheet metal sheds. Main Office Building is 200 sq/m The double brick walls of the Main Building have an assessed insulation rating of R = Metal sheets were used for roof construction, and at the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine the roof insulation rating. The single glass windows have an insulation rating of R = The ceiling insulation rating is estimated to be R = ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE An analogue meter records consumed electricity. The data provided information for the 12 months from November 2011 to November 2012, and in that time 72,422 kwh was used. The average energy cost was $/kwh (including GST). The building is used between 7 am to 4.30 pm during 5 days per week. At the time of the inspection, most internal lights, AC systems and IT systems were switched on. The internal lights remain permanently on during business hours throughout the building and sheds. 60

61 Date Energy Rate kwh $ / kwh Dec-11 4, Jan-12 5, Feb-12 5, Mar-12 5, Apr-12 5, May-12 5, Jun-12 5, Jul-12 5, Aug-12 5, Sep-12 6, Oct-12 5, Nov-12 5, Total 66, Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 66, ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT The office building and associated sheds consists of: 2 x division cycle air conditioning systems with electrical power estimated at 3 kw. Their compressor- condenser units are located in direct sunlight on the eastern and western sides of the building. 2 x 2 kw wall air conditioners (The units exposed to direct sunlight run less efficiently (AS/NZS :2011 Section 3 Performance Criteria).) 1 x 3.6 kw electric hot water system 4 x desktop computers and laptops, 6 screens and 3 printers kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges etc. There are also several sheds and toilets located on the Depot site. 61

62 Some of the sheds have roof insulation with an estimated rating of R = 1 to 2. The shed walls are not insulated. The lighting in the building, associated sheds and open area consist of: 68 x 36 Watts and 7 x 18 fluorescent lighting tubes 5 x 60W incandescent lights 2 x LED tubes in main office 23 x High Bay and flood lighting located in working sheds and open areas LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Groups of lights are usually connected together and are controlled by one switch. There is sensor lighting in the main office. No other lighting sensors were found. Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general notes in Section 6. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Replace 36W fluorescent tubes with 18W LEDs. The cost of 18W LED fluorescent tubes is approximately $15. Electricity Electricity CO2 Saved Cost Payback 5, ,600 1, Replace 250 (300 W) High Bay Mercury with 100W LEDs. The cost of related HB LED lights is approximately $175. Electricity Electricity CO2 Saved Cost Payback 8, ,201 1, All incandescent lights need to be replaced with 10W LED globes. The cost of these globes is approximately $7. If an energy saving culture is not established, lighting controls should be considered. 62

63 HOT WATER SERVICE The building has one electric hot water system located outside the main building. It appears that the system is never switched off. If the hot water service is turned off at 4.30pm and turned back on at 7am each working day and during weekends by a timer control, the savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 6, ,936 1, Recommendation That a HWS control switch be installed Alternate Option 1: LPG HWS After switching off the electric HWS, it still uses 3,060 kwh of electrical energy, costing $834 per year and generating 2.78 tonnes CO 2. Replacing the electric HWS with an LPG instant boiler would save electrical energy. 9, ,351 2, NOTE: If the Council decides to install solar panels, the installation of an LPG HWS is not required. Alternate Option 2: Solar water heater and solar heat pump. If the Council does not install solar panels, the installation of a solar water heater may be considered. With cost of the equipment being $8,000 (some rebates are available) energy savings and payback are potentially as follows: 9, ,642 8, Because the system works only during the day and because of its thermal inertia, this system needs to be connected with an electric or LPG HWS to boost hot water production when required. 63

64 THERMAL INSULATING PAINT The roof of the building is made of sheet metal, and IR radiation easily penetrates across the roof. Recommendation It is recommended that consideration be given to painting the northern side of the roof with a reflective paint. The savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 1, , CEILING INSULATION The existing ceiling insulation rating is estimated to be R = 1. Recommendation It is recommended that consideration be given to install ceiling insulation with rating minimum R = 4. If the additional insulation is installed predicted savings may be as follows: 1, , WINDOWS All the windows are 3-4 mm glass with an estimated thermal rating of R = An insulation film installed on the southern windows will increase the rating to R = The film also claims to block 75% of IR radiation. The area of windows on the northern side is small and film is not suggested at this sage. Recommendation That thermal insulating window film is considered for the southern windows WALL INSULATION The office walls are double brick with an estimated rating of R = Assessment of any unseen existing insulation, calculation and recommendations for additional wall insulation are above the scope of a Level 1 Audit. 64

65 COMPUTERS AND OTHER IT EQUIPMENT At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine if the equipment is automatically switched off after hours and during weekends. During business hours, the equipment consumes approximately 2,606.4 kwh per year. If not already done so, the equipment could be switched off or to shutdown mode ie: Enable Wake On using internal computer software Issue a shutdown command using internal computer software Predicted savings and payback are potentially as follows: 1, SOLAR POWER GENERATION The roof area of the building is sufficient to install an approximate 20 kw solar system. Calculations based on average solar panel price show the following savings: 30, ,493 56, Solar panels installed on the roof create shade, decreasing IR heat penetration into the building. It may be determined that following the installation, neither roof painting nor additional ceiling insulation may be required. Related calculations are very complex and they are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit SHADING AIR CONDITIONING UNITS Air conditioning units installed on sides of the main building are exposed to direct sunlight. Air temperature around them is higher than the ambient temperature measured in the shade. The higher temperature increases enthalpy of air used for cooling of the systems and decreases their efficiency. Shading of the systems will increase their efficiency. Related calculations are complex and are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit. 65

66 Recommendation It is recommended to consider building shade covers for each unit ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the recommendations listed, the following savings may potentially be made: Item Fluorescent 5, ,600 1, HB lighting 8, ,201 1, HWS 6, ,936 1, Painting 1, ,933 9 Ceiling insulation 1, , Computers 1, Total 24, ,855 12, Solar panels 30, ,493 56, Subtotal 55, ,349 68, Including an 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback is approximately 3.5 years. 66

67 7.11 BERRI BARMERA COUNCIL CHAMBERS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The two storey Berri Barmera Council Chamber is located in the township of Berri. The building was constructed in 1997 in front of the Rivoli Theatre. The building is 780 sq/m. It is constructed of brick with an insulation rating of R = Sheet metal was used for the roof, with an estimated rating of R = 1. The single glass windows have an insulation rating of R = The ceiling tiles have an estimated insulation rating of R = 1. The building is used between 8.30 am to 5.30 pm (9 am to 5 pm working office hours), 5 days per week ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE Two analogue meters measure consumed energy. The following data was provided: Meter No from December 2011 to November 2012 Meter No from August 2012 to November 2012 Based on the information provided, the energy consumption figures for the office were calculated as follows: 67

68 Date Energy Rate kwh $ / kwh Dec-11 8, Jan-12 4, Feb-12 6, Mar-12 5, Apr-12 6, May-12 5, Jun-12 6, Jul-12 6, Aug-12 19, Sep-12 13, Oct-12 14, Nov-12 15, Total 113, Electricity Rating CO 2 kwh $/kwh tonnes 113, Specific data for individual energy consumption to the buildings was not available, but from the information provided, an assumption of consumed energy was divided as follows: meter No % Office and 40% Theatre meter No % Office and 10% Theatre Between December 2011 and November 2012, the Office consumed 113,563 kwh. An average cost baseline was calculated at $/kwh ENERGY CONSUMING EQUIPMENT 3 x ducted air conditioning systems (cooling and heating) with a total estimated power of 66 kw cooling/heating capacity, located on top of the roof and exposed to direct sunlight. Electrical power is estimated to be kw 3 x division cycle air conditioning systems with a total estimated power of 9 kw 2 x sink hot and cold systems for drinking water with a total estimated power of 1.8 kw 226 x 36W and 11 x 18 fluorescent tubes 68

69 3 x 60W incandescent lights 33 x desktop computers and laptops, 36 screens, 3 servers and 12 printers kitchen equipment including: kettles, fridges, microwaves etc LIGHTING Measured lighting levels comply with Australian Standard AS NZS Recommendations It is recommended that the lighting be upgraded as detailed in the following table/s. Please see general notes in Section 6. Once upgrading has been completed, the related savings and paybacks are potentially as follows: Replace 36W fluorescent tubes with 18W LEDs. The cost of an 18W LED fluorescent tube is approximately $15. 21, ,199 3, Replace 250W High Bay Mercury lights with 100W LEDs. The cost of 100W HB LED light is approximately $ All incandescent lights to be replaced with 10W LED globes. Cost of the globe is approximately $7. 69

70 HOT WATER SERVICES Please refer to general notes in Section 6 of this report. There are two electric hot water systems for upstairs and downstairs kitchens. Recommendation That timer controls be purchased enabling the hot water services to be turned off at 5 pm and turned back on at 7am each working day and during weekends as necessary, which should attract the savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 3, , The cost of the switches is estimated to be $2, THERMAL INSULATING PAINT It is recommended the roof of the building is painted with a thermal insulating paint. Please refer Section 6 of this report. The indicative savings in electrical energy are estimated as follows: 1, , CEILING INSULATION The building has metal shed roof with an additional insulation rating R = 1. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine the existence of any existing unseen ceiling insulation so it was assumed that there is none. Recommendation It is recommended that consideration be given to installing ceiling insulation with minimum rating of R = 4. If the additional insulation is installed, predicted savings may potentially be as follows: 2, ,

71 WINDOWS The 6 mm glass windows have an estimated thermal rating of R = Thermal insulating window film installed on the southern windows will increase the rating to R = 0.65.The film also claims to block 75% of IR radiation. Whilst the payback period may be considered as unattractive, calculations do not include protection against the direct infra-red penetration that significantly radiates the building. Further research and more detailed calculations to ascertain this are beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit. Recommendation That solar thermal insulating window film be fitted as suggested above, providing an indicative saving of: 2, , WALL INSULATION The walls are constructed from double brick with an estimated rating of R = Assessment, calculation and recommendation for additional wall insulation is beyond the scope of a Level 1 Audit COMPUTERS AND OTHER IT EQUIPMENT. There are 33 desktop computers and laptops, 36 screens, 3 servers and 12 printers in the building. At the time of the site inspection, the Auditor was unable to determine if the equipment is automatically switched off after hours and during weekends. During business hours, the equipment consumes approximately 12,916 kwh per year. Recommendation The equipment could be switched to shutdown mode (by a server) ie: Enable Wake On using LAN or other network workgroup to workstations, Issue a shutdown command to all workstations at necessary times required by computers working with production. The potential savings and payback is as follows: 71

72 7, , SOLAR POWER GENERATION The roof area of the building is sufficient to install approximately 3.7 kw solar panels. Calculations based on average solar panel price show the following savings: 45, ,988 84, Solar panels installed on the roof may create shade for the air conditioning systems. The panels also significantly decrease heat penetration in to the building. Recommendation That the installation of solar panels be considered, to offset power costs SHADING AIR CONDITIONING UNITS Reverse cycle air conditioners are located on top of the roof. The units are exposed to direct sunlight, and run less efficiently (AS/NZS :2011 Section 3 Performance Criteria) than if they were shaded. The higher temperature increases enthalpy of air used for cooling the systems and decreases their efficiency. Shading of the systems will increase their efficiency by 5% to 15%. If there are no solar panels creating shade, other shade construction is recommended ELECTRICITY TARIFFS Recommended Options It is recommended that a smart meter be installed, which will give information about energy consumption at 15-minute intervals. Another option is to install a data logger, which gives the customer online information about energy consumption. By having the information, Council can potentially control the consumption of electricity. That Council aggressively negotiate for lower tariffs with energy retailers and be aware of the benefits of using power off peak which will potentially reduce electricity bills. 72

73 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL SAVINGS After implementing the suggested recommendations, the following savings may be achieved: Item Fluorescent 21, ,199 3, HB lighting HWS 3, , Painting 1, , Ceiling insulation 2, , Windows film 2, , Computers 7, , Total 39, ,379 30, Solar panels 45, ,988 84, Subtotal 85, , , Including an 8% increase in electricity prices, the final payback period, with solar panels, is potentially approximately 3.7 years. 73

74 7.12 BERRI TOWN HALL (RIVOLI THEATRE) AND LEN MAHONEY ROOM BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY The two storey Berri Town Hall (Rivoli Theatre) is located in the township of Berri. The building was built between The building is 770 sq/m It is constructed from brick with an insulation rating of R = Sheet metal is used for the roof, with estimated insulation rating of R = 1 There are single glass windows with an insulation rating of R = The T bar ceiling tiles have an estimated insulation rating of R = 1. The building is used mainly after hours, several days a week ENERGY CONSUMPTION PROFILE At the time of the site inspection, the building was closed and there was no activity. There are no timing, movement or twilight switches in the building, except in the toilets. Reverse cycle air conditioners are located on the western side of the building. The units are exposed to direct sunlight, and so run less efficiently (AS/NZS :2011 Section 3 Performance Criteria). 74