I INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE LEARNING

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1 PHL 304 Medical Ethics DL Fall, 2011 Dr. Richard W. Burgh Text: Ronald Munson, Intervention and Reflection, Ninth Edition I INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE LEARNING ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: What is the difference between in class learning and on line learning? How does the student participate in this online learning class? How to read philosophy and how to ask a philosophic question OBJECTIVE: Students will understand the difference between in class learning and online learning. Students will be able to participate in this online class. Students will understand how to read philosophy and ask a philosophic question Students will introduce themselves on a discussion forum ASSIGNMENTS: SEPTEMBER 7-9, September 7 TO ACCESS THESE DOCUMENTS CLICK ON COURSE DOCUMENTS How to Read Philosophy? How to Ask a Question? How to Take Notes from Your Text? S, September 8 Post any questions you have about Distance Learning, How to Read Philosophy, and How to Ask a Question Due Thursday, September 9 : It s very important for you to get to know the other students in this class, because you ll be conversing with them through out the semester on the discussion forums. So, let s break the ice with the following assignment: log onto the course and post a one paragraph introduction of yourself. Tell us why you re taking this course and tell us three things about yourself; for example, how you like to spend your free time, hobbies you have, interests you have, things you really like and things you really

2 hate. Due Friday, September 8: Now that you ve read each others introductions, ask two students questions about themselves. Answer any questions you have been asked by your fellow students. II. FOUNDATIONS OF BIOETHICS: ETHICAL THEORIES, MORAL PRINCIPLES, AND MEDICAL DECISIONS. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: What is an ethical theory? What is the relationship between ethical theories and ethical decisions? What is the difference between an ethical issue and an empirical issue? OBJECTIVES: Understand 3 prominent ethical theories: Utilitarianism, Kant s Ethics, and Ross s Ethics. Understand how these theories might be applied to moral issues in the medical context. Understand the difference between ethical judgments and medical judgments. ASSIGNMENTS:, SEPTEMBER Due, Monday Pages Basic Ethical Theories. Due Tuesday: Post at least three questions from the readings, one on Utilitarianism, one on Kant s Ethics and one on Ross s Ethics, that you would like to discuss. Make an attempt to answer your question. Be sure to include the page and section number from which your question is taken. : Due Thursday

3 Due Friday: ASSIGNMENT SEPTEMBER Due, Monday Pages , Major Moral Principles Due Tuesday: Post at least three question from the readings that you would like to discuss. One questions should be on the principle of justice and one question on the principle of autonomy. Make an attempt to answer your question. Be sure to include the page and section number from which your question is taken. : Due Thursday Due Friday: received extra credit depending upon the number and quality of your responses II. DISTRIBUTING HEALTH CARE Essential Questions Objectives What is the difference between legal rights, moral rights, and political rights? Does everyone have a right to a certain minimum of health care? Does society have the duty to see to the health care needs of its citizens? To make students aware of the moral complexities involved in the distribution of health care. Assignment September 26-30

4 Reading Assignment Blackboard Assignment Due Tuesday: Page 675, Cases, Contexts, and Briefing Session Page 881, Rawl s Theory of Justice Page 694, Presidents commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine Post two questions from the Presidents commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine, which you would like to discuss and try to answer your questions. Be sure to include the page numbers from which your questions are taken. Due Thursday Assignment October 3-7 Reading Assignment Blackboard Assignment Due Tuesday: Page 702, Engelhardt, Rights to Health Care Page 708, Nielsen, Autonomy, Equality, and a Just Health Care System Post two questions from the reading, one from Engelhardt and one from Nielsen that you would like to discuss. Try and answer your questions. Be sure to include the page numbers from which your questions are taken.

5 Due Thursday III. PHYSICIANS, PATIENTS, AND OTHERS: AUTONOMY AND CONSENT ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What is the principle of Autonomy? What is the principle of Paternalism? What is the difference between state paternalism and personal paternalism What is informed consent? Does society have a right to intervene when, on religious grounds, parents make what the doctors believe to be the wrong choice about their child s medical treatment? OBJECTIVES Understand the conflict between the principle of autonomy and the principle of paternalism Understand the difficulty of resolving this conflict within a medical context Understand the conflict between value judgments of parents and medical judgments of physicians. ASSIGNMENTS: OCTOBER Pages 3-47, Cases, Contexts, and Briefing Session Pages Onora O Neill, Paternalism and Partial Autonomy Pages 60-68, Gerald Dworkin: Paternalism Pages 69-72, Dax Cowart and Robert Burt, Confronting Death Post at least one question from O Neill, pages 53-59, one question from Dworkin, pages 60-68; and one question from Cowart and Burtt, pages that you would like to discuss. Make an attempt to answer your question. Be sure to include the page from which your question is taken.

6 Due Tuesday: Thursday ASSIGNMENTS: OCTOBER 3-7 DUE MONDAY Due Tuesday 1 Reread the case presentation, Donald Cowart Rejects Treatment-and Is Ignored. Given the readings, identify the ethical issues contained in this case? 2 How you think O Neill would go about resolving these issues? How do you think Dworkin would go about resolving the issues 3 Do you agree with the doctor decision? Rationally support your answer. 4 Are you satisfied with your decision? Why or why not Respond to two of your classmate s postings on the Donald Cowart case presentation : Due Thursday: ASSIGNMENT WEEK OCTOBER DUE MONDAY

7 Page 87 Diekema, Parental Refusals of Medical Treatment: the Harm Principle as Threshold for State Intervention Page 93, Hord: Do Parents have the Right to Refuse Standard Treatment for their Child? Page 96, Catlin: The Dilemma of Jehovah s Witness Children Who Need Blood to srvive. Rosam: Reply to Anita Catlin. Due Tuesday Post at least 3 questions from each of the readings, one from Diekema, one from Hord, and one form Catlin that you would like to discuss. Make an attempt to answer your questions. Be sure to include the page number from which your question is taken. : Due Thursday Due Friday: ASSIGNMENTS: OCTOBER 31-NOVEMBER 4 S DUE MONDAY Reread Suffer the Little Children, pages Given the readings, identify the ethical issues contained in the case of Robyn Twitchell? 2. Explain how you think Diekema, Hord, and Catlin would go about resolving these issues? 3. Do you the parents should have been prosecuted? Rationally support your answer. 4. Are you satisfied with your decision? Why or why not Respond to two of your classmate s postings.

8 Due Thursday: Due Friday: IV REPRODUCTIVE CONTOL: ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND THE LIMITS OF AUTONOMY ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are the moral responsibilities of the reproductive endocrinologist? Should they consider the parenting abilities of potential parents?: should the number of embryo transfers be limited? Should they consider the economic interests of society? Are there moral limits to the use of reproductive technologies?continue OBJECTIVES Have students understand the significant ethical issues, which arise out of the new technology of human assisted reproduction: sperm banks, donor ova, artificial insemination, frozen embryos, surrogate pregnancies, and the possibility of human cloning. ASSIGNMENTS:, NOVEMBER 7-11 Due Tuesday: Page , Cases, Contexts, and Briefing Session Page 373,Minkoff and Ecker: The Octomon and the Duties of the Fertility Specialists Page 377, Cohen: Give me Children or I shall Die Post two questions from the readings, one from Minkoff and Ecker and one from Cohen, that you would like to discuss. Be sure to include the page numbers from which your question is taken. Try and answer your question,

9 Thursday ASSIGNMENTS: NOVEMBER Page 401, Kass: The Wisdom of Repugnance Page 406: Strong The Ethics of Human Cloning Due Tuesday: Post two questions from the readings, one from Kass, and one from Strong, that you would like to discuss. Be sure to include the page numbers from which your question is taken. Try and answer your question, Due Thursday ASSIGNMENTS: NOVEMBER Catch up THANKSGIVING RECESS NOVERMBER 23-27

10 V. TREATING OR TERMINATING: THE DILEMMA OF IMPAIRED INFANTS Essential Questions Objectives Should seriously impaired newborns be given only ordinary care, or should special efforts be made to save their lives? Should they be given no care and allowed to die? Who should decide what is in the interest of the newborn? Are severely impaired newborns persons? Have students understand a number of serious moral issues raised by impaired newborns. Have students understand how these issues might be resolved by an appeal to moral theory. ASSIGNMENTS: NOVEMBER 28-DECEMBER 2 Pages Cases, Contexts, and Briefing Session Pages 536, John Robertson: Examination of Arguments in Favor of Withholding Ordinary Medical Care from Defective Infants Pages, 543, Tristram Engelhardt: Ethical Issues in Aiding the Death of Young Children Page 548, Allision Davis: Right to life of the Handicapped Due Tuesday Post one question from each of the readings (Robertson, Engelhardt, and Allision) you would like to discuss. Attempt to answer your questions. Be sure to include the page numbers from which your questions are taken Due Thursday:

11 ASSIGNMENTS: DECEMBER 5-9 S Ginny Rutten was born with epidermolysis a genetic disease involving the blistering and sloughing off of the skin and mucous membranes the whole thickness, down to the fat and muscle. Ginny cannot drink, because the lining of her mouth is blistered and swollen, and so can take no nourishment by mouth. Areas of her skin have eroded, producing patches of raw flesh resembling third-degree burns. Because of the breakdown of her skin, sue suffers constant pain and the dehydration the skin breakdowns produces leads to electrolyte imbalances that put her at risk of heart arrhythmia and death Ginny has a disease for which there is not cure and not even a treatment to prevent the blistering and peeling of her skin. In addition to enduring the pain from the skin loss, babies with the disease lose their fingers and suffer from a drawing up contracture of their arms and legs from scarring. They need total care their entire lives, which are like to be only a few months or a few years. No case of a spontaneous cure or even a lengthy remission is on record. Ginny screams in pain when she is awake. She is sedated by a morphine drip and sleeps in brief cycles. She is kept alive artificially by an IV drip. Her parents ask that she be disconnected from the IV drip. 1. Given the readings, identify the ethical issues in this case 2. Explain how you Robertson, Engelhardt, and Allision: would go about resolving these issues 3. Do you think Ginny should be disconnected from the IV drip? 4. Are you satisfied with your decision? Why or why not Due Thursday: Respond to two of your classmate s postings.

12 Due Friday: