CHEM-E4140 Selectivity 12. Pharma Business

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1 CHEM-E4140 Selectivity 12. Pharma Business Prof. Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry C318

2 Pharma Business Total volume ca 1100 G$ (Shell 421G$; Walmart 486G$; Toyota 252 G$). Annually approx 25 NMEs.

3 Spending by Geography

4 2016 Pharmaceutical Spend Per Capita 2005$ and Population

5 Country Rankings

6 Human genome includes only ca 3,000 druggable genes genes coding proteins, that can bind drug like molecules Although modern pharmacopoeias know > 21,000 medicinal products, they are made of only 1,204 small molecules and 166 biologics. Hopkins, A.L. & Groom, C.R. The druggable genome. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 1, (2002). Overington, J.P., Al-Lazikani, B. & Hopkins, A.L. How many drug targets are there? Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 5, (2006).

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9 Total length of drug deveopment Source: DiMasi, J.A., New Drug Development in U.S Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics May, 69(s).

10 New Drug Development

11 Market Exclusivity Times Decrease Inderal (beta blocker for cardiovascular disease); Tagamet (H 2 antagonist for ulcers); Capoten (ACE inhibitor for cardiovascular disease); Seldane (antihistamine for allergies); AZT (antiviral for HIV/AIDS); Mevacor (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor for high cholesterol); Prozac (serotonin re-uptake inhibitor for depression); Diflucan (antifungal); Recombinate (antihemophilic blood factor); Invirase (protease inhibitor for HIV/AIDS); Celebrex (cox 2 inhibitor for arthritis). Sources: PhRMA, 2000; The Wilkerson Group, 1995.

12 Global Launches of NMEs

13 FDA Approvals Allison, M. Nature Biotechnology 2012, 30,

14 R&D Intensive Companies

15 R&D Investments Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

16 R&D By Geographic Area; 2008 Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

17 Statistics Federsel, H.-J. Expert Opin. Drug Discov. 2010, 5(9),

18 Increasing Development Costs J. A. DiMasi and H. G. Grabowski, Managerial and Decision Economics, 2007, 28, 469; J. A. DiMasi, et al., Journal of Health Economics, 2003.

19 R&D Spending Per New Drug Company # Drugs Total R&D $M $M per Drug AstraZeneca GlaxoSmithKline Sanofi Roche Pfizer Johnson & Johnson Eli Lilly Abbott Merck & Co Bristol-Myers Squibb Novartis Amgen Mattew Harper, Forbes 10. Feb

20 Making Money out of It? Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

21 Top 10 Therapies December 7, 2009 Volume 87, Number 49 pp Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

22 2016 Spending

23 Late Stage Pipeline Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

24 Patent Cliff Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

25 Major Patent Expiries

26 Patent Cliff

27 Share of Generics in Prescriptions 2009: 74% Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry

28 Top 50 Pharma Companies in 2010

29 Top 25 Pharma Companies in 2011 Rank Company Bn 1 Pfizer $57.70 USA 2 Novartis $54.00 Switzerland 3 Merck $41.30 USA 4 Sanofi $37.00 France 5 Roche $34.90 Switzerland 6 GlaxoSmithKline $34.40 UK 7 AstraZeneca $33.60 UK 8 Johnson & Johnson $24.40 USA 9 Abbott $22.40 USA 10 Eli Lilly $21.90 USA 11 Bristol-Myers Squibb $21.20 USA 12 Teva $16.70 Israel 13 Amgen $15.30 USA 14 Takeda $15.20 Japan 15 Boehringer Ingelheim $13.80 Germany 16 Bayer $12.80 Germany 17 Daiichi Sankyo $11.60 Japan 18 Novo Nordisk $11.50 Denmark 19 Astellas $11.40 Japan 20 Gilead Sciences $8.10 USA

30 Top 10 Drugs 2011 From Jón T. Njarðarson/Arizona

31 Selected Product Launches

32 WHO Priority Diseases