A BASIC GUIDE TO EXPORTING THE OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT RESOURCE FOR SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES EDITED BY JASON KATZMAN. Skyhorse Publishing
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1 1 A BASIC GUIDE TO EXPORTING THE OFFICIAL GOVERNMENT RESOURCE FOR SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES EDITED BY JASON KATZMAN Skyhorse Publishing
2 Contest CHAPTER 1 Introduction: The World Is Open for Business 3 Case Study: Domes International 10 CHAPTER 2 Developing an Export Strategy 13 Determining Your Products'Export Potential 13 Assessing Your Company's Export Readiness 13 Developing an Export Plan '...17 Case Study: Myktyn Enterprises Inc 20 CHAPTER 3 Developing a Marketing Plan 23 Market Research 24 Methods of Market Research 25 A Step-by-Step Approach to Market Research 26 Sources of Market Research 28 CHAPTER 4 Export Advice / 41 Making the Government Work foryou 41 U.S. Commercial Service Export Assistance Centers.... ^ 41 U.S. Commercial Service Overseas Posts 42 Trade Information Center, U.S. Commercial Service 43 U.S.Trade and Development Agency 43 Export-Import Bank of the United States 43 Advocacy Center, U.S. Commercial Service 43 Trade Compliance Center, U.S. Department of Commerce 44 Bureau of Industry and Security, U.S. Department of Commerce 44 Minority Business Development Agency, U.S. Department of Commerce 45 Where Else to Look for Assistance 46
3 CHAPTER 5 Methods and Channels 55 Approaches to Exporting 55 Distribution Considerations 57 Indirect Exporting 57 Direct Exporting 59 Getting Organized for Exporting 60 CHAPTER 6 Finding Qualified Buyers 73 U.S. Department of Commerce Worldwide Buyer Finding Programs 73 Department of Commerce Trade Event Programs 76 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service 79 U.S. Agency for International Development 79 U.S.Trade and Development Agency 80 State and Local Government Assistance 80 Promotion in Publications and Other Media 81 Case Study: SCIFIT Systems Inc 82 CHAPTER 7 Using Technology Licensing and Joint Ventures 85 Technology Licensing.. 85 Joint Ventures 88 Case Study: Spancrete Machinery Corporation 90 CHAPTER 8 Preparing Your Product for Export 93 Questions to Consider 94 Product Adaptation 94 Engineering and Redesign 95 Branding, Labeling, and Packaging 96 Installation 96 Warranties 97 Case Study: Falcon WaterfreeTechnologies 98 VIII
4 CHAPTER 9 Exporting Services 101 Service Exports with High Growth Potential 102 Aspects of Service Exports 103 Marketing Services Abroad 104 Obtaining Government Support for Service Exports 105 Case Study: Two Men and atruck 106 CHAPTER 10 International Legal Considerations 109 Export Regulations 109 Import Regulations of Foreign Governments 111 North American FreeTrade Agreement 112 U.S. Foreign-Trade Zones 112 Export Processing Zones 113 Customs-Bonded Warehouses 113 Intellectual Property Considerations 114 Case Study: Tierra Dynamic 120 CHAPTER 11 Going Online: E-Exporting Tools for Small Businesses 123 Use of Electronic Commerce for International Business andtrade 123 Market Development on the Web.....' 125 Tools to Assess Your Firm's Readiness to Go Online 125 Steps to Going Online 127 Executing Orders and Providing After-Sales Service 129 Other Important Sales Considerations 131 CHAPTER 12 Shipping Your Product f". 137 Freight Forwarders 137 Packing 138 Labeling 139 Documentation 140 Shipping 143 Insurance 143
5 Tariffs 144 Major Shippers 144 CHAPTER 13 Pricing, Quotations, and Terms 163 Pricing Considerations 163 Quotations and Pro Forma Invoices 167 Terms of Sale 168 Case Study: Home Instead Senior Care 174 CHAPTER 14 Methods of Payment 177 Prudent Credit Practices 177 Cash in Advance 178, Documentary Letters of Credit and Documentary Collections or Drafts. 179 Open Account 182 Consignment Sales 183 Foreign Currency 183 Payment Problems 184 Case Study: LuLu's Dessert 190 CHAPTER 15 Financing Export Transactions 193 Extending Credit to Foreign Buyers 194 Working with Commercial Banks 195 Using Discounting and Banker's Acceptances 196 Using Export Intermediaries 197 Using Government Assistance Programs 197 Obtaining Funding from Multilateral Development Banks 202 Exploring State and Local Export Finance Programs 203 Case Study: JQ American 204 CHAPTER 16 Business Travel Abroad 207 Obtaining Proper Documentation 207 Planning an Itinerary 209
6 Obtaining Assistance from U.S. Embassies and Consulates 210 Considering Cultural Factors 211 Case Study: Candy Bouquet International 214 CHAPTER 17 Selling Overseas and After-Sales Service 217 Responding to Inquiries 217 Learning about Potential Clients 218 Conducting Business Internationally 219 Building a Working Relationship 219 Providing After-Sales Service. 219 Appendix A: Glossary 227 Appendix B: U.S. Export Assistance Centers 239 Index 245 Sample Forms 12.1 AirWaybill Straight Bill of Lading Liner Bill of Lading Commercial Invoice Certificate of Origin Shipper's Export Declaration Shipper's Letter of Instructions Export Packing List Insurance Certificate Pro Forma Invoice DraftTransmittal Letter Confirmed Irrevocable Letter of Credit 188
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