A B C D E F G H I J K L. Sources Canadian Capabilities

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1 2 Operational Forces, Training of Judicial Actors, and Institution Building Operational Forces, Training of Judicial Actors, Institution Building, Infrastructure Development, Civil Training, and Disaster Relief, Canadian Police Arrangement (CPA) The Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force Partnership between Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada (DFATD), Public Safety Canada, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) None found at time of The Canadian Police Arrangement (CPA), an intergovernmental agreement among DFATD, and Public Safety Canada and its RCMP portfolio agency. The CPA serves as the policy framework to guide the Canadian government s response to foreign requests for police assistance.[1] The first CPA was created in 1997, and since then, some 3,000 Canadian police have participated in 52 missions to 30 countries.[2] The CPA was designed to serve three policy objectives. First, it was created to support Canadian foreign assistance priorities by strengthening Canada s ability to plan and develop rapid and coordinated whole of government responses to international crisis. Second, it has a clear SSR mission to enhance international capacity to promote comprehensive and sustainable rule of law through the reestablishment of effective public institutions such as law enforcement and judicial systems. Finally, it was designed to support Canada s broader interests in Fragile and Conflict Affected States by providing police expertise, training, and advice to police services in states requiring assistance that recently experienced or are threatened by conflict.[2] Funded through Canada created START in START was conceived as a relatively small, the Global Peace whole of government entity with a mission to coordinate and integrate the and Security Fund planning and implementation of security sector programming for the Canadian government. It was given a dedicated budget and staff and START s role evolved over time as the value of having an integrated, whole of government capability for addressing security sector challenges was recognized by the Canadian government as a critical policy tool for addressing the security challenges in failed and fragile states across the globe.[1] START s mandate is explicitly intergovernmental. Its mission is to lead planning and delivery of timely and coordinated whole-of-government responses to international crises and to deliver effective programming for conflict management, peacebuilding, peacekeeping, and peace operations. Additionally, START serves as the center of policy excellence on fragile states and peace operations.[2] START thus coordinates both SSR programming and delivery as well as SSR policy development through its intergovernmental SSR Working Group. START is Canada s SSR hub. [1] Although START s mandate is intergovernmental coordination, its relatively small, 60-member staff is pulled from Foreign Affairs. START was reorganized in 2009 to separate policy and programmatic functions, strengthen program delivery, and streamline project review and approval processes. The reorganization, termed Re-START, created four new divisions: (1) The Peace Operations and Fragile States Policy Division (IRP), (2) The Stabilization and Reconstruction s Division (IRG), (3) The Coordination and Deployment Division (IRC), and a (4) Humanitarian and Disaster Response Division (IRH), which is principally conducted by CIDA but falls under START for the coordination function. Under the new structure, the START Director General s to two Assistant Deputy Ministers (ADM), one for project approval and the other for policy direction. At the DG and ADM-level, committees meet monthly to review proposed programming and all deployments and to submit recommendations to the Minister for approval. Working groups further the coordination function that is part of START s mission.[1] Canadian Guidelines for The Guidelines for SSR defines the types of fragile Security System Reform (2011); The Fragile and Conflict Affected States policy, created in by CIDA and DFAIT, has not been publically released; VERIFY environments where Canada will engage. The first, in line with START s origin, is the post conflict environment. SSR is often an essential element in international efforts toward stabilization and reconstruction. The second is the organized crime environment, in which Canada may conduct SSR in the context of a partnership with another government. This environment includes states with relatively effective government and judicial structures that do not have the resources necessary to counteract the negative effects of transitional criminal organizations and other crime. Although SSR theory has only recently identified the high criminality environment as a distinct context for SSR, Canada s SSR policy includes it as a priority for Canada s SSR engagement. The third is the development context, where security institutions that are bloated or repressive, corrupt, incompetent or self serving can serve as a major obstacle to development. A fourth environment, not included in the policy, but being considered as part of START s post-2013 renewal, is the democratic transition context. START was created as a tool for post conflict stabilization and rapid response, but Canada s SSR policy document, released in 2011, reflects the evolution of a broader mandate for START.[3] [1]GOV, Biennial Review: International Peace Operations Branch (Ottawa: RCMP, 2008), 8. [2]Querine Hanlon and Richard H. Shultz, Jr., A [1]Querine Hanlon and Richard H. Shultz, Jr., A [2]Government of Canada, About the Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force. GTSR/about-a_propos.aspx. (Accessed June 22, 2013). [3]GOC, Canadian Guidelines for Security System Reform (Ottawa: Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 2011). 3

2 4 5 6 Disaster Relief The Peace Operations and Fragile States Policy Division (IRP) The Stabilization and Reconstruction s Division (IRG) Humanitarian and Disaster Response Division (IRH) Funded through the Global Peace and Security Fund as a part of START Funded through the Global Peace and Security Fund as a part of START START s policy division (IRP) is organized thematically around key issues areas, including rule of law and transitional justice, security system reform, peace operations, UN relations, millennium development goals, conflict analysis and assessment, mediation, and migration. The policy division provides policy advice across the interagency and is in turn consulted on projects managed by the programming division.[1] The programming division (IRG) is organized geographically and thematically. There are three geographic pods for Asia, Latin America, and Africa and the Middle East and a fourth multilateral and thematic pod. The organizational structure thus shapes how START s work is conducted, with policymaking focused thematically and programming delivered geographically. The programming division overseas the Global Peace Operations (similar to the US GPOI ), a demining program, and the Glyn Berry. The programming division also contracts nongovernment experts to deploy oversees, principally through private organizations like CANADEM or Justice Rapid Response, a quasiinternational organization headquartered in Geneva that maintains a roster of experts for the investigation of war crimes and human rights abuses. [1] Funded through Our disaster response and risk reduction initiatives include, but are not the Global Peace limited to: Helping Canadians in distress in the affected country through our and Security Fund consular affairs programme; Working with key federal departments and as a part of START other actors to ensure a timely, effective, coherent and appropriate Government of Canada response to relief and recovery needs identified on the ground; Liaising with other donor governments, international organizations and non-governmental organizations to see how they will respond and to ensure that Canadian assistance will not duplicate other international efforts; Communicating with the government of the affected country(ies) to understand and help to respond to their emergency response needs; Communicating to the public about how Canada is responding to a particular natural disaster abroad; Encouraging and facilitating the development of policies and strategies on disaster risk reduction in those countries most vulnerable to the impacts of natural disasters; and Engaging the international community on disaster risk reduction initiatives while reinforcing our commitments as outlined in the Hyogo Framework for Action [1] [1]Querine Hanlon and Richard H. Shultz, Jr., A [1]Querine Hanlon and Richard H. Shultz, Jr., A [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Natural Disaster Response and Risk Reduction." April 25, Available:

3 7 8 Operational Forces, Training of Judicial Actors, Institution Building Global Peace and Security Global Peace Security Fund (GPSF) Canadian International Reserve Roster (CANADEM) GPSF was created out of a Memorandum of Cabinet (MC) process [2] "Arms length" Canadian NGO The Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force [3] START and DFATD None but works closely START Contracts with with international CANADEM organizations like the UN, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), and the Organization of American States (OAS), as well as other country agencies, like the United States CSO START personnel and implementing partners from other government agencies on a case by case basis The Stabilization and Reconstruction Task Force of [3] CAD$100 million [1] CAD$1.13 billion ( ) [3] CANADEM roster of None found at international experts time of The Global Peace and Security seeks to support timely, coherent, and effective programming in priority fragile states. The Global Peace and Security is the largest Global Peace and Security Fund envelope at $100 million for fiscal year , and is currently supporting activities in countries and regions such as Afghanistan, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Haiti, the Horn of Africa, Sudan, and the Middle East. ming envelopes are managed by the Stabilization and Reconstruction ming Division, with support from other START divisions, relevant task forces, other groups within the Foreign Affairs,, Canada s network of missions abroad and other governmental departments on a project-byproject basis. Project areas that the Global Peace and Security supports include: Strengthen and develop resources in security sector and rule of law institutions by supporting initiatives that reinforce international best practices, norms and standards in fragile states; Reinforce and build capacity of non-governmental organizations, international government institutions and multilateral and regional organizations to plan, manage and conduct coordinated and integrated responses to peace and security challenges; Support policy initiatives and mentoring and training activities that promote civilian protection, safety of aid workers, justice and security system reform and respect for international humanitarian, human rights and refugee law; Promote conflict resolution by promoting dialogue and reconciliation with communities, vulnerable groups and conflicting parties.[1] Created in 2005 for "security sector assistance, including post conflict stabilization and reconstruction, for failed and fragile states."[1] GPSF is a CAD $500 million fund created in April 2005 for a five-year term ( ) from Canada s International Assistance Envelop, which also funds DFATD s development activities. The GPSF was created out of a Memorandum of Cabinet (MC) process, giving START an organizationally and financially privileged position in the interagency.[2] CANADEM, is a Canadian arms length nongovernmental nonprofit organization. Its roster of 20,000 Canadian and international experts was originally designed as a national roster, but over time it has become the largest international roster of screened international civilian experts in the world.[1] In addition to supporting START initiatives, CANADEM also provides experts to international organizations like the UN, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the Organization of American States (OAS), as well as other country agencies, like the United States CSO. CANADEM s experts can deploy in as little as hours at the request of the Canadian government. [2] [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Global Peace and Security." Stabilization and Reconstruction. December 17, Available: [1]GOC. Canada s International Policy Statement: A Role of Pride and Influence in the World: Overview (Ottawa: Foreign Affairs and International Trade, 2005). FR E.pdf [2]Querine Hanlon and Richard H. Shultz, Jr., A [3]Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. "Global Peace and Security Fund (GPSF): Plans, Spending and Results." February 23, Available: Roster experts have a wide variety of skills and expertise. [1]Catriona Gourlay, Lessons Learned Study: For example, CANADEM has provided election observers and Rosters for the Deployment of Civilian Experts in Peace Operations (New York: United Nations experts with capacity building expertise for governance. It Peacekeeping Best Practices, February 2006), 28. also provided sexual and gender based violence experts in Libya. The 500 election observers required for a large or%20the%20deployment%20of%20civilian%20c election monitoring project in Ukraine could not be met apabilities%2014%20feb% pdf from START s staff but could be pulled from CANADEM s [2]See: extensive roster.[2] onent/content/article/2-ukraine/32-elections. 9

4 Operational Forces and Anti-Crime Capacity Building (ACCBP) of Up to CAD$15 million per year[1] To enhance the capacity of government agencies, international organizations and non-governmental entities to prevent and respond to threats posed by transnational criminal activity throughout the Americas using a variety of bilateral and multilateral project-delivery mechanisms. The ACCBP was launched by Prime Minister Stephen Harper in August 2009 during the North American Leaders' Summit in Guadalajara, Mexico. In Central America and the Caribbean, the ACCBP focuses on illicit drug trafficking, security-sector reform and crime prevention. In the Americas more widely, the also seeks to tackle corruption, human trafficking and migrant smuggling, and money laundering and proceeds of crime.[1] [1]Foreign Affairs, Development. "Anti- Crime Capacity Building" (December 6, 2013). Available: Operational Forces Operational Forces Counter-Terrorism Capacity Building (CTCB) program Police Training Assistance (PTAP) Operation PROTEUS - Task Force Jerusalem 1981 Solicitor General of Canada Ministerial Directive D-81-1, Police Assistance to Foreign Countries [1] Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) National Defense Development (DFATD) Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Office of the United States Security Coordinator (USSC) in Jerusalem[1] of None found at time of RCMP Trainers Funding is obtained through a variety of government and private sector sources.[1] Canadian Armed Forces None found at time of The will be managed interdepartmentally to ensure a whole-ofgovernment approach to this assistance. This will enable Canada to share our expertise in areas such as border security; transportation security; anti-terrorism financing; legislative drafting, legal policy and human rights and counter-terrorism training; law enforcement, security, military and intelligence training; CBRN terrorism response; and cyber-security and critical infrastructure protection. The will build capacity, primarily in developing states, helping to ensure the stable and secure environment which is a necessary prerequisite for sustainable development and one of Canada's development objectives. CTCB projects will be assessed to ascertain whether or not they meet the international standards for eligibility as Official Development Assistance (ODA), as determined by the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada will work collaboratively with the Canadian International Development Agency to ensure that bilateral CTCB assistance is complementary to CIDA programming in beneficiary states. [1] The goal of the program is to provide learning opportunities to personnel in the international police community and to increase their skills and knowledge in operational and administrative matters over the long-term. The RCMP s international training philosophy is based on the notion of training the trainers. The goal is to ensure police trainers in the client country become competent, self- sufficient and eventually capable of designing, delivering and evaluating their own training courses. The RCMP uses a community-based policing approach in its training. This approach promotes shared responsibility for problems and solutions between the police and members of the community.[1] The CAF members deployed on Operation PROTEUS fill a variety of key roles within the USSC as an integrated part of the organization. Task Force Jerusalem has grown and adapted to new roles within the USSC, and now has an emphasis on institutional capacity-building. The members of Task Force Jerusalem: provide the Palestinian Authority Security Forces (PASF) with training advice and support; help the PASF develop logistics capabilities; support the construction of security infrastructure for the Palestinian Authority; and facilitate co-operation between the Palestinian Authority and Government of Canada on issues that are not usually of military interest, such as borders and crossings, and movement and access. Task Force Jerusalem works closely with other Government of Canada personnel in the region to develop the Palestinian Authority s ability to provide a safe and secure environment for its citizens and promote peace in the region.[1] [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Counter-Terrorism Capacity Building Assistance." (April 26, 2013). Available: [1]Royal Canadian Mounted Police. "International Police Training." (November 25, 2004). Available: [1]National Defense and the Canadian Armed Forces. "Operation PROTEUS." (November 27, 2014). Available: 13

5 Operational Forces Disaster Relief, Economic Development, Governance Training and Governance Training Military Training and Cooperation (MTCP) Capacity Building for Emergency Response in Africa Support to the African Capacity Building Foundation - Phase III National Defense Canada-Caribbean Leadership (CLP) Directorate - Military Training & Cooperation (DMTC) African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF) of African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF) staff with state and nonstate actors of CAD$147 million ( )[1] Contribution: CAD$9.9 million [1] Contribution: CAD $18 million [1] The MTCP builds the military capacity of member countries through language training, and professional development courses including command and staff instruction, and peace support operations training.[1] The project aims to save lives, reduce suffering, and maintain human dignity in communities in Africa experiencing humanitarian crises. The project supports the to improve the capacity of four Red Cross National Societies in Africa to respond to disasters and emergencies in an effective and timely manner. The project focuses on strengthening the institutional capacity of the four targeted National Societies based on their identified needs in three areas: (1) improving emergency preparedness and response practices and support systems; (2) improving leadership in emergency response; and (3) improving resource mobilization for emergency response. The project aims to provide training and technical assistance to the staff and volunteers of the National Societies. It also seeks to provide basic resources and equipment needed to respond to humanitarian crises. This project falls under the larger DFATD - Canadian Red Cross Strategic Partnership to Enhance Canada's Humanitarian Assistance. [1] Through this project, DFATD provides funding to a multi-donor trust fund in support of the African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF). The ACBF works with state and non-state actors throughout sub-saharan Africa. It provides funding and technical assistance in support of capacity building initiatives in six areas: (1) Economic policy analysis and management; (2) Financial management and accountability; (3) Public administration and management; (4) National statistics and statistical systems; (5) National parliaments and parliamentary institutions, including the Pan-African Parliament; and (6) Professionalization of the voices of civil society and the private sector.[1] Contribution: CAD $19.8[1] The goal of the project is to strategically strengthen the next generation of Caribbean leaders to inspire and guide governance reforms and regional development in a gender and environment-sensitive manner. Institutional assessments, more effective human resource policies, technical assistance, networking and sharing international best practices support regional institutions to develop world class leadership development programs. It also aims to work with Caribbean public sector institutions to identify and train potential leaders, and to more effectively manage, motivate and train their human resources. It is expected that senior public servants in the region demonstrate greater accountability, cooperation and competence in handling complex regional challenges, and built significant relationships with their Canadian and regional counterparts.[1] [1] National Defense and the Canadian Armed Forces. "Departmet of National Defence - Departmental Performance Report " Available: s-pubs-departmental-performance/2014- section-iii-details-transfer-paymentprograms.page [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Capacity Building for Emergency Response in Africa." (March 25, 2015). Available: DF906D3F3CD7F85257CA70035ADA5?OpenDocu ment [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Support to the African Capacity Building Foundation - Phase III." (March 25, 2015). Available: 0DA4FCF457BD85257D800037CEE5?OpenDocum ent [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Canada-Caribbean Leadership (CLP)." (March 25, 2015). Available: E0FE3A5ABD4B85257C9F003882E8?OpenDocum ent

6 and Economic Development Productive Safety Net : Technical Assistance and Capacity Building Component Economic Development Capacity-Building of Youth to Grow the Economy: a Public-Private Partnership Support for the Education Sector in Senegal - Capacity Building of of of Contribution: CAD $15 million [1] The Productive Safety Net (PSNP) initiative targets some of the underlying causes of food insecurity, or lack of access to safe, nutritious and sufficent food, in Ethiopia. Led by the Government of Ethiopia, with the support of DFATD and other donors, this flagship program helps meet the food needs of many of the country s most impoverished people in the time between harvests by providing them predictable, multi-year transfers of either food or cash. Recognizing Canada s expertise on capacity development, the Government of Ethiopia and other donor partners have mandated DFATD to design and implement a capacity development initiative, the Safety Net Support Facility, as part of Canada s overall support to the Productive Safety Net. The Safety Net Support Facility project aims to enhance the technical, administration, and management capacity of government partners to deliver the PSNP. It provides technical assistance to regional implementers of the PSNP in four regions of Ethiopia (Tigray; Amhara; Oromiya; and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region) in order to improve the PSNP results. This is achieved by strengthening institutional systems, processes and coordination mechanisms and increasing the organizational capacity of key PSNP implementers.[1] This project aims to develop the capacity of approximately 9,000 young Contribution: CAD people to grow the economy in Burkina Faso. Girls and boys, aged 13 to 18, $5.6 million [1] receive training and develop job skills that meet local labour market needs. Residents from 13 communities in the south-west and northern central regions benefit from this project. The project aims to make young people more employable in occupations directly related to various sectors including: mining, sales and supply, the food and hotel industries, transportation, and trades (carpentry, mechanics, welding, and masonry). The project involves pre-vocational and vocational technical training and relies on existing networks of non-formal basic education centres and vocational training centres. Non-formal basic education centres offer an alternative by providing pre-vocational training for young people who have not had access to the formal education system. Vocational training centres continue the work of non-formal basic education centres by offering vocational training and job entry opportunities, thus making young people more employable. [1] This initiative aims to enhance the efficiency of Senegal s education system. Contribution: CAD The project provides technical and management expertise to ministries $11 million [1] involved in implementing budget support in the education sector in Senegal, as well as the National Education and Training Support. The project also supports the implementation of the Government of Senegal s Capacity Building Plan, which seeks to build technical and management capacities, mainly in education, but also in public-sector financial management reform. This initiative is a component of Canada s budget support for the education sector in Senegal. Project activities started in 2012.[1] [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Productive Safety Net : Technical Assistance and Capacity Building Component." (March 25, 2015). Available: /DA5C6754B635442E CA3C8? [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Capacity-Building of Youth to Grow the Economy: a Public- Private Partnership." (March 25, 2015). Available: /20C477E0EDCA3CE F6DF? [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Support for the Education Sector in Senegal - Capacity Building." (March 25, 2015). Available: /B06490EB3AAD1C D00370FA8?

7 21 22 Energy Sector Capacity Building Economic Development Capacity Building for Sustainable Irrigation and Agriculture Disaster Relief Capacity Building for Emergency Response in the Americas of of Contribution: CAD $15.5 million [1] This project aims to promote the responsible and sustainable development of Tanzania's natural gas and energy sectors and to develop public private partnerships for power generation. It supports the Government of Tanzania in developing and implementing clear and comprehensive policies and regulatory frameworks to maximize the financial, social and environmental benefits of natural gas development, in line with international standards and best practices. Project activities include: 1) developing a petroleum policy and legal framework; 2) providing strengthened sector coordination and governance; 3) preparing and implementing a vocational education and skills development plan; 4) developing and implementing a public-private partnership action plan; and 5) providing technical advice related to the oil and gas sector. The project is implemented by the World Bank through the Ministry of Energy and Minerals, the Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited, the Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation, and the Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority.[1] The project aims to train Ethiopian public and private institutions, including Contribution: CAD colleges, to better design, build, and manage small-scale irrigation and micro-reporirrigation systems. The project also aims to introduce improved water and $15 million [1] soil management and crop irrigation practices to smallholder farmers and water user associations. Small-scale irrigation systems, which cover less than 200 hectares of land, and micro-irrigation systems, which cover small areas such as garden plots, have significant potential to contribute to agricultural growth in Ethiopia. They help to increase farmers' incomes and strengthen farmers' resilience to drought by providing access to more reliable sources of water. The project also aims to promote the role of the private sector as a key provider of services relating to irrigation. The project provides i) support to technical and vocational colleges, so that they can train skilled technicians to meet the need in both the public and private sectors to support sustainable small-scale irrigation farming; (ii) training to public sector staff, so that they are better able to coordinate and manage small-scale irrigation projects; and (iii) training for smallholder farmers to improve their ability to manage small-scale irrigation and micro-irrigation systems and their ability to grow and market irrigated crops. Canada is working with the Netherlands to carry out this project.[1] The project aims to save lives, reduce suffering, and maintain human dignity Contribution: CAD in communities in the Americas experiencing humanitarian crises. The $9.9 million [1] project supports the to improve the capacity of five Red Cross National Societies in the Americas to respond to disasters and emergencies in an effective and timely manner. The project focuses on strengthening the institutional capacity of the five targeted National Societies based on their identified needs in three areas: (1) improving emergency preparedness and response practices and support systems; (2) improving leadership in emergency response; and (3) improving resource mobilization for emergency response. The project aims to provide training and technical assistance to the staff and volunteers of the National Societies. It also seeks to provide basic resources and equipment needed to respond to humanitarian crises. This project falls under the larger DFATD - Strategic Partnership.[1] [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Energy Sector Capacity Building." (March 25, 2015). Available: /B2722F1DB03CB DF9003E8979? [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Capacity Building for Sustainable Irrigation and Agriculture." (March 25, 2015). Available: /8F6F77BEA9BDEF BF10035A1F7? [1]Foreign Affairs, Development Canada. "Project profile: Capacity Building for Emergency Response in the Americas." (March 25, 2015). Available: /33037EE2E914F DC8003F0F72?O pendocument 23