UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ. Creating an Online Interface for the UCSC Museum of Natural History Collections BACHELOR OF ARTS

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1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ Cg O Ifc f h UCSC Mm f N Hy Cc A S Pjc bmd p fc f h qm f h dg f BACHELOR OF ARTS ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES By Ec Kmm Nvmb 20, 2009 FACULTY ADVISOR: D. Ch Wm, Evm Sd AGENCY SPONSOR: Ch Ly, UCSC Mm f N Hy Cc ABSTRACT: Th dvg g f h hp w c h vby f h Mm f N Hy Cc wh h UCSC d pp, d dc d h hy f h cmp. T ch h g, I wkd cg wb cmp d ppm h bk Th N Hy f h UC S Cz Cmp (2 d d), w f hy pdc b dbd f f v h w wb. Th pjc w bd my ch f hc d pcc dg cd f mm fc. A cdd my ch pp c d f h mm fc, w h mm pdc. KEYWORDS: MUSEUM, WEB 2.0, NATURAL HISTORY, PODCAST, MAP, MIMA MEADOW, CAVE GULCH, GEOSPATIAL

2 Kmm 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Ackwdgm. 2 II. Idc Ihp S. 3 III. Rvw f Ihp Wk. 4 IV. Ayc Rch Pp: Thc d Pcc Dg Cd f O Mm Ifc f UCSC N Hy A. Idc B. Th G f Mm... 8 C. Mm Ifmc d h Wb 2.0 E D. Mm d h Gp Wb E. Dgg O Mm Ifc.. 15 F. C Sd O Mm Ifc G. Pdc Edc d Mm 22 H. C Sd Mm Pdcg 23 I. Dc 24 J. Cc d Rcmmd.. 27 V. Bbgphy.. 30 VI. Dcm f Ihp Pdc.. 32 A. Wb Dg Mck-Up B. Pdc Scp d Wkg Mp C. Pdc d Hypkd O Scp ( CD d wb) D. Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Mck-p ( CD) E. Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Ccp P F. Tx f Icv Cmp N Hy Mp

3 Kmm 2 I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS F, I wd k gv ckwdgm h pp md Ch h hpd m wh h hp. T Ch Ly, f bg xc hp m d fd wh wy d my d d wkd j hd h pjc I dd (d wh w c wkg f I v!). T Ch Wm, f gg p b my fcy p h m d gvg m dc d p f my yc pp. Ad Ch Kh, f cy bg hpf hp dv, d f cy kg m f Ch Ly d I cd php xdmy h dcd p zd f hm. Oh, -Ch, pp hv gfcy cbd h hp. Thk Mc Rm h Sc Scc Md Lb, f hpg m h d cdg d dg qpm h. Thk Ty Hff, Bck Ty, Mh Bw d f h pp wh wkd h cd d f Th N Hy f h UC S Cz Cmp. Thk my fd h g MNHC d gg, bh p d p. Ad, fy, hk g Ty f bg my g mm m.

4 Kmm 3 II. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNSHIP SITE Th Mm f N Hy Cc (MNHC) UCSC pmy g f cc f h bd, p, mmm, c, ch, p, mphb, fh d mhm. Th cc cfcy vb d d f ch, w vy c. Th MNHC m c f, dd d mk vb pcm h vy d c cmmy. I dd, h mm cb wh h Jp Hbm f UC Bky mk p cc d vb wd dc. Th MNHC mgd by g c, d, q bg pm, h c c d v kp h mm fcg d mpvg. Hwv h mm hghy vb cmp f my d wh Evm Sd mj d v kw x. By chc I dcvd h mm my fhm y, d I hv b vg d dg dpd dy h v c. Th m I v p h MNHC h b h m vb p f my dc UCSC, I wd d hp pjc h c h vby f h MNHC h g pp UCSC, bc I f gy b v d I wd v h mm b m m ppcd c cmp.

5 Kmm 4 III. REVIEW OF INTERNSHIP WORK My dvg g f h hp w c h vby f h Mm f N Hy Cc wh h UCSC d pp, d dc d h hy f cmp. T ch h g, I wkd cg wb cmp d ppm h bk Th N Hy f h UC S Cz Cmp (2 d d), w f hy pdc b dbd f f v h w wb. Dg h f q f my hp I wkd v c k, cdg mmm d bd pcm pp, dfc d gz f h d c cc, xdmy f jv m, d m mmm ppg Upp Cmp. I chd c jb dcp wh f k hgh dmd d hw I cd mxmz my h h mm pp myf f h jb mk. Twd h mdd f h q I dvpd my hp pjc d d bg wkg dg f h wb d cp f h pdc. I d h dg f h w N Hy f UCSC wb wh wkg cy wh Ch Ly, h c f h MNHC. Af v dc, w dcdd h h bjcv f h wb wd b: 1) T c ddg f h hy cmp wh h d, ff d fcy cmmy UCSC. 2) T pvd y ccb hb f hy d ccd by h UCSC cmmy. 3) T pm h f h MNHC, w h bk, Th N Hy f h UC S Cz Cmp (2 d d). W dcdd h h b mhd ccmph h g w fm h wb my h bk, b fc pvdg mmd hy c, ppd w c. Th d wh h m dv f x h bk (.g. Bd, Lch, Ivb, c.): ch x pg f cg mmy f h bk chp d k h w v xp h x gp by bwg cv mp, kg fh c (.g. cfc pp, -cmp ch, c.), chg pc db. Th w pdc h I md Cv Gch F d Mm Mdw W d fw h m x-by-x c h wb; h, hy md bg m hc d gd cmg d wh gy md kwdg f UCSC hy. Ech pdc m b d wh wkg hgh pcfc c cmp,.g. Cv Gch. Th c dwd mp f h wk g wh h pdc, d k bh h fd xpc hy fhd. U c cc hypkd HTML cp f h pdc vw m ph d v bckgd fm. Th hp w m b cg bgg h wppg vyhg p dy f pdc. Ahgh I hv cdd v dvb ( bw) d I hv cy p cdb m f m d ff h pjc, f fm fhd. Ch Ly cg wk h wb, d hpfy my w wk w b g p f

6 Kmm 5 f d v. Fhm, mwh g h Ch d I zd h ck f chc wb-dvpm k w cg f ffccy d dcg h qy f h f wb. S w cd m f h c wb dg d cv mp c pp h IT dpm. Lkg bck, my y xpc f h pjc w vy gd, d w xpdd d f h wb hgh h p w q bcm d fb f m d f h wk I d h bgg. I dd ccmph v hf f h pjc I hd pd pp Jy, b I d h f. Id f pdg my m g hw d bch f chc pgmmg wk, I fcd m h dg d bmg pc f h w wb d f h chc pc pp wh kw wh hy dg. I wd k HTML d CSS d hw mbd pzd Gg mp wbpg d hw pgm dymc chb db, b h m m, dg wd k pbby k m m h 300 h. S I cmpmd my g pjc g f h k f b, m pf f pdc. I m vy fd wh h wk I hv d my hp v h p w q. I f h I hv b pdcv, d h I v cqd m f k f f jb. M f, I ppc h my pjc wk j gg hf d g dy f I gd I hv hpd c mhg f h f mpy ch f h MNHC. Bw bf mmy f h pjc dvb I hv cdd h dcm. P VI. Pjc Dvb, pg X f h c wk mp. Wb Dg Mck-Up: Af y dcg wh Ch wh f cd h w wb, I d Phhp dg w mp y d g f dff pb y-. Pdc Scp d Wkg Mp: F ch f w pdc, Cv Gch F d Mm Mdw W, I w cp b p, m, ggy d fg h cd h gv d. T d, I b p my w xpc Cv Gch d Mm Mdw by dg bckgd ch dff pc d ggc f p h c. I h d Phhp d dgd wkg mp ccmpy ch pdc. T hp vz m f h pc w k b dg h pdc, I cdd fw ky ch mp. Pdc d Hypkd O Scp: T h c pdc I cd, p h chd CD ( mmmdw.mp3 d cvgch.mp3 ) v hp://mhc.cc.d/cch/dx.hm d k Pdc. Th pc f cg ch pdc vvd hg h cp, cdg h fd wh Ch, dg h d h Sc Scc Md Lb fc, h xpg h f d wb-fdy MP3 fm d pg. I dd dwdg h d pdc, v c vw h w cp f ch pdc hypkd HTML fm. I kd ky wd wh h cp ph d dcp f h ccp d pvd v wh m cx.

7 Kmm 6 Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Mck-p: P g h CD ( cv_mp.wf ) vw h Fh mck-p f h g cv mp d I cm p wh. Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Ccp P: O cv mp f fm cmp bc chc g f kp gg gd. I d pvd f wh h mp w b wh vy fhd, I hv cdd bc ccp mp. Tx f Icv Cmp N Hy Mp: Th g mp y bd m cmp mp fd ch chp f Th N Hy f h UC S Cz Cmp, I w hgh d w bf dcp f ch f h c dfd h bk v mp y: Ggy, Mhm, Lch, Ivb, Amphb, Rp, d Mmm. F h, I d Th N Hy f h UC S Cz Cmp my m c, wh ppmg d db-chckg fm wh h fd gd d cfc c.

8 Kmm 7 IV. ANALYTIC RESEARCH PAPER: Thc d Pcc Dg Cd f O Mm Ifc f UCSC N Hy A. Idc B. Th G f Mm C. Mm Ifmc d h Wb 2.0 E D. Mm d h Gp Wb E. Dgg O Mm Ifc F. C Sd O Mm Ifc G. Pdc Edc d Mm H. C Sd Mm Pdcg I. Dc J. Cc d Rcmmd

9 Kmm 8 INTRODUCTION A v h wd h mb f v mm wb cg pdy (Ch 2008). Thgh my v y f xpc wh h Mm f N Hy Cc (MNHC) UCSC, I hv cqd f h cp d p f h gz. Ahgh m mm, h mp cfc cc, d h ppp p pm hy w wh h cmp cmmy. Cy h MNHC d hv y xhb pc, d d pbc ch vy md. I f h wh h dd f v fc, h MNHC cd ch wd cmp dc d c v. F my hp pjc I d h c f h MNHC, Ch Ly, dgg w N Hy f UCSC wb, g wh v mmd cmp mbd wh h : pdc b cmp hy, d gpy cv cmp mp hghgh hy p f. Th pp f h pp yz h pjc hc cx, g h pf dd f h mm dy. THE GOAL OF A MUSEUM Wh h g f mm? Accdg My d J h bk, Mm Ifmc, h g f mm hd b mk, cvy d pv mg (2008). Th x q : mk, cvy d pv mg f whm? F h mmb f h mm bd f dc? F h pp wh pvd fc pp? F ch? Sd? Th g pbc? I h p, mm hv b pmy py. Th, hy xd pc kp mp fc. Ey mm w cy p hwc h fc. I h 1970 h d f w mgy mgd. Accdg w mgy, mm hd y b pc f ch d ccg hd k qy mp dc. Th g f h w mgy w, d gy, h fm f c pcc hgh fm f h mm fm

10 Kmm 9 h dpy f g xp cc f dv dc ggm, y Sv. pfcg h ch dy, Bbgc (2009), whch w w dc m. (Sv ) Nw mgy gg h hvg h pbc gg wh cc qy mp pg h cc h f pc. Sv. k h dgy p fh d y h dd hwcg h cc h pbc, mm hd cg v c wh d dd h md f cc bjc. Rvwg vy f dv y hc fc c c h ppc d ddg h vw h f. Ad hgh mm dy f h pc v hwcg dff xp g c, dc, c. h v vc y mpy, d gd h pm xhb c, hy cdd h cg cd f pcfc bjc. (Sv ) Wh h cg cpb f dg cc ym, h m m cd dv xp v d m md f dvd bjc. Ad h g ppy f h pvd mm wh xc v f cgg m pbc c wh h cc. Th Mm f N Hy Cc d hv pbc xhb dpy, d, h, gfcy dff fm h ypc mm. Nvh, h d f w mgy ppy h MNHC. A h vy pmy py f pcm, h mm h vy mp cc, d p f m m cv cd ddg f d ppc f h wd (MNHC 2009). Ahgh d y hv h pc, ff my bdg pvd phyc xhb pc f h cc, h MNHC c wk fh cv ddg f d ppc f h wd by cpg h f w mgy h c f N Hy f h UCSC Cmp wb.

11 Kmm 10 MUSEUM INFORMATICS AND THE WEB 2.0 ERA I c, mm wb c v v xhb pc, d wh h w f d dg dd f h wb 2.0, h v xhb pc c b f m cv d ccb h mm v hv b bf. Th ccp f wb 2.0 f hf fm h g p f fm w fcd h hg f, cbg, d pby f fm (Wg. 2009). F mm, h m hf fm h dd mm mg mch m cv d pzd -cd fm dg (Wg. 2009). Th pg f h bgg f wh md h Ifm Rv f h 1990, whch fm pcd gy h pmy cmc dv f p-d c (K 1998). O ppc gw qcky, d mm f 2009, h Pw Rch C I d Amc Lf Pjc fd h h wdy d c dff c f h Amc pp. 94% f cg gd pdd h hy gy h, d 93% f pp g 18-29, d 43% f h gd 65 d v. Ev w-cm ( h $30,000/y) hhd h my w cmp hm, 62% h ; d hhd h $30,000 - $49,000 y h fg jmp 84%. (Pw 2009.) Bc hy h b f cgg fm, mm y hv v m f p d h w fm cmy. Tg h p d mhg d mgf vv hg h pw f wb 2.0 ppc pvd cc cc dv gp. Mm fmc h dy f cchc c h cc wh pp xpc fm d chgy mm g (My d J 2008). I f xm fmc mm fc dd hw v c chg bw phyc mm-gg xpc d mm xpc. Bdcg fm m y xpc bdcg wh y wch TV, h d bbd. Mm bdc fm wh hy c pbc xhb

12 Kmm 11 dpy. Bdcg gd f gvg mg my pp, d ppp f g pc, ch h ggc hy f c, bd y my c gh. Smm, hwv, pp w kw b m c pc, f c, d d cdd ghg f h Cf w h UCSC cmp. I h c d mk f mm c pc xhb b h pc bc wd k mch m d c. (K 1998.) Wb 2.0 ff v bdcg: wcg. Nwcg f fm dcd pcfc, m dc. Wb 2.0 mk wcg pby bc w mm d v hv chp ppch w-wy cmmc h ccb fm ywh h wd y m g h. (K 1998.) Wh h hp f dg cc db, d cd ch f cd f Cf w h UCSC cmp, h gg xcy h fm h w wh y x xp h mm. Th dv f dg cc mgm ym m h mm c m md f ch bjc h wh h d cd cg ym. Th md c cd mmd cmp, ch mg, d cp, vd, d gfc. Th ym c b qd, d y gz d v d. (K 1998.) Fy, wh dg cc ym h mm my mk mp dg g f h cd wh y pcvb f qy. Th f mm db mgm ym w dvpd 1963 by h Smh N Mm f N Hy, d h I f Cmp Rch h Hm (My d J 2008). Sc h, hy hv cd pdy m f g, gz, pz d qyg cpc. Sm f h chg f dg cc cd h d g f d dg ym, cc v cpygh, d h bcg f dvd mm d mm wk m d m cbv pjc (K 1998, My d J 2008). Cb bw mm, hwv, m b v pv dv; hvg czd cc db gv ch cc m fm, d dy dd f md d fc dg. (My d J 2008, Wcmb 2003.)

13 Kmm 12 Impvd ccby h f f mm fc h wb 2.0. Hcy, mm w cd wh c xcvy d pvg. Acc fm w md h wh w y h g, b wh h fd f. Thf, mm dd hv vy cd c dg hm. (Wcmb 2003.) V mm, hwv, d hv h pbm h m x. T b Amc d y y v b h Lv w q mhg h 1950, b dy y wh cc c v h Lv mm cc. Acc h my b pcvd p b y, hwv f mvd p h hd b ; pbc b, ch d h fc pvd f b cc. O fc c fh hc h v cv mm xpc by wg hm cb dg cc db. O f h mj b f h wb 2.0 g h cb f my, ggphcy dbd pcp cmm pjc (Cmp 2008). Th kw cwdcg, d h ccp bhd my mg fm hb, ch Wkpd. Cwdcg my, f, m hv h wh cdby d by. If y c dd h kwdg b, h wh ppg J Smh fm pbhg fm b w phygc ch hwg hm cy vvd fm m, d p? I w-dvd ym, h mch f pbm y mgh hk. A 2005 dy N fd h h f Wkpd ppxmy q h f h Ecycpd Bc, v hgh Wkpd h my m c (G 2005). U-gd d mdd by xp, whch f h cc d v fm. (Sv. 2009, Pk d G 2009.)

14 Kmm 13 MUSEUMS AND THE GEOSPATIAL WEB Accdg Sch d Tchm h bk Th Gp Wb: Hw Gbw, Sc Sfw d h Wb 2.0 Shpg h Nwk Scy (2007), h gp wb w vz h pdc, db d cmp f md pdc. Th m mch f mm d f y h md c. Th gp wb f wh fm gfcd d c b chd f by c. I x ccy d cmpmy h wb 2.0; bh cp v mhd f hg d cbg fm. Hvg c mp f bck b pp g y wb g h dy dd h bg h d wb wh fm w pd, h h cbd. Nw wd b m ppp hv dymc mp f bck b g h h c dd, d pfm q. (Sch d Tchm 2007). Th pmy chg f h gp wb dvp fc h mk h cmpcd dpg f h ym d p dff fm y m fh (Sch d Tchm 2007). Eqy mp h pc f gfcg fm. Th p cy gfc mm cc : f, g p cd ch pcm; cd, p cd db; d hd, dvp h fc dpy cd fm mp (Nfd. 2003). Ey gp wb pjc hd cd wh gg b mp hmv, y bd hgh-qy phgphy. F xmp, h M d P Spc-Tmp Db Ifmc Iv (MPSTDI) w 2003 ff bw h Uvy f Cd Mm, h Dv Mm f N d Scc, d h Dv Bc Gd cb gfcd bdvy db. Cg h db d dmg ggphc cd f ch pcm qd f m-h, b h chg w fgg hw m g b mp mg f v h. (Nfd ) Bgg 2005 wh h f f wb mppg ppc fm Gg, Yh! d

15 Kmm 14 Mcf, mp mk g dd wy b pvdg h b mp y hmv. A mp mh-p wh ggphc d fm c vd p f b mp fm h c,.g. Gg Eh NASA Wd Wd. Mh-p mk f ppc pgmmg fc (API) ch h vd d fxd gfc p h b mp. (Cmp 2008.) Sbq mp y c hv hmc d p, whch c dpy fm d k x wb c. Th gp wb h cb dd gp md fm pc kw ggg. F xmp f yp f ggg: bwg hbm fc d h h v ggphcy dfd c Cpck H, Shw Wh, c. Th z h h kw wh Cpck H cd, d h b g h mp fc d df h d/gd cd f h c by cckg h ppp f h mp. Cpck H w dfd c, mg h h hbm cd wh h c pcfd c b pd h mp fc. Ah fm f gggg ddg kywd mp c h h c fd h c v ch (Pk d G 2009). I h xmp bv, h cd dd kywd g b cy,, hb, y h f md fm b Cpck H. Gp mp ggg g dg cc cwdcg, d h m. U-gd kywd my b f qb qy, dpdg h dcppcfc vcby v f h. O h fp d, hwv, -gd g my c kywd h m ccb h g pbc, whch pbby ck ddg f h m dcp-pcfc vcby. (Sch d Tchm 2007.) Gg m b ccy fcd h dm: p, mc d mp. Sp fcg f h ggphc cd f h bjc, w hp pcfc y f h mh-p. Smc fcg h kywd dfd f h bjc h f cm fm dd, dcp-pcfc vcby, fc ffc qyg. Tmp fc pc mmp h bjc f f dc b h cg vc f d bjc. (Sch d Tchm 2007.)

16 Kmm 15 O f h mj ffc f h gp wb ccg fm bjc d ccp h x cmm h, phyc wd (Pk d G 2009). F c, mp mh-p f bdg cv h By A my y c fm fm v g vy pjc, h c fh fm c wh h b ffcy dyg bdg, h h f fm vg bdd g wh my ccy bdg h yd. A f h f d d c b dpyd mgfy gp mp, b wd b dffc cd d fm ch dv c wh h mp f pbcy (Sch d Tchm 2007). I h c Cgphy: Mp 2.0, Cmp (2008) wd whh h cg ppy f h gp wb d mp mh-p w d dpfz h cgphy dy. Icpg c kwdg GIS pjc cd d wd fm b, b cd d g (Sch d Tchm 2007). N hy f m fd f dy bc bd d dcpy, y h cb f m bv hv ddd g d f fm h g fd. Th m b cmpm bw pmg pbc cc d mg pf dd; g, hvg md f mp mh-p p h pbm. DESIGNING ONLINE MUSEUM INTERFACES Th pcc pc f dgg mm fc j mp h hc, d m dcy my w hp pjc. Accdg My d J (2008), wh v phyc mm kg xpc, v mm v w cmmc, fd fm, d h c. Uddg h f h m mp pc f mm dg. F hy mm wh vhp c pmy f yg ch gp, h xhb c w b vy dff h h dff hy mm cd wh vy h m hghgh h ch f. I mm fc h

17 Kmm 16. I h g dc ch h g pbc? Hw mch bckgd kwdg d h dc hv b h pc f? Th mm m dcd wh g, wh cgzg fm khd,.g. ch. I d h cccy f g mp, h mm hd pvd v wh m gv fdbck h fm fc. (My d J 2008.) Th dg f wb pg f wh dff d dd pc h I w g h, hwv h m ky wb dg p h I fd vy f kp md bc f h mv m f d vvd y mm fc. F h f ph vg. I pd c phyc xhb, h fw h ph d f hm by h h d f h pbc. O h wb h y h m bv ph dc dff pg c f h my b ccd dff d. (K 1998.) Hw d h dcd whch ph k? D h mm hv pcfc ph h w k? A w-dgd mm fc p ph dc h bckgd d mk h vg m d fwg, b wh h b wy c h yp f vm? Ph vg bd h f mm fc: hw mch c hd v hv v h fm pd hm? Mkg dg cc q gh cb bw cc mgm d xhb dg, w jb h gy kp p. Awg v cc ch cc m h h hd py fcg h d. F c, f h mm h chb db, h yp d d f fm h h v ch w c q xpc. Th wy c h fm d p y h, h mm m k h cd wh dgg h fc. (My d J 2008.) F dg cc, h bv y mp cd hw kp h fc bv (K 1998). I h wd, h hd hv d dc dd hw h fc, hd b f-xpy vy mpy fcd. Th fc h h c h h h fc ym.

18 Kmm 17 O vy pcc vg m dph. I g, hchc m hd b kp f pb,.. h hd v b m h h cck wy fm h hm pg (K 2008). Th h h d f by mkg h gz chm f h c d mp. Ev wh f h dg cd, v gh j pvd h fm. Th v f fm cg f mg f pp, (D Pcck, qd by My d J 2008). Kh Dv, w f cmpy cd Nw Md Appc, w c b h c bw mpy pvdg fm v pvdg cx f h fm. H g h gh f mm db mpy gv h f h cc. H b, yg h d h wb hd b d k h d phyc mm y d j gv v ky h cc m d hm hv ; mp hghgh b f fm d pvd cx, v hgh c f h fm f h mm hd, dcd bv. (Dv 1997.) CASE STUDIES IN ONLINE MUSEUM INTERFACES T xmp f h hc dg ccp pcc, I vwd v fc fm h mm. Th wb w ch f cmmd I kp fm ch f my c ( Bbgphy ), d h c f my v d bw. 1) Uddg h U: Wh d h gd pp b? D h fc pppy dd h d f h (.g. f h g pbc, chc m dfd)? A h v fc cmp f dff (.g. g pbc v ch)? 2) Ph Nvg d M Dg: D h hv mk cmpcd ph vg dc? I y c vg p? A vg p w dfd? Hw dp d h hchc m g?

19 Kmm 18 3) Ifm C: D h ph dc ffc h dpy f mp cx fm (.. dpdg ph dc, pb h h my ccdy kp fm hw h fc)? I h db h c b qd dpy wcd fm? 4) Ifc Uby: A h dc f hw h fc? If, bv hw h fc? If, hw ghy h dc? A hy c d y dd? 5) Ifm Cx: I h fm pd by h fc cxzd y fh? Cd h fm d w? A h y k x c? 6) Icvy: C h dd md g cd h cc db? 7) Gp Wb: I h fm h db gfcd? If, c b mppd? C h mp b ggd? Th c w dvpd fm g f h ch I hv d f h pp, w fm h ch mhd f Sv. h pjc Bbgc, xpm fc f cg cd fm h Uvy f Cmbdg Mm f Achgy d Ahpgy (2009). C Sdy #1: Th PEABODY MUSEUM f Achgy d Ehgy (hp://pbdy.hvd.d) Th Pbdy Mm h dg cg f h cc h c ch Bw c xhb d pc cc, Sch f bc fd mch ( wh, wh, wh, Pbdy ID #, kywd ). U c ch Rch Op, whch w h p bw by cc qy wh dvcd B ch. Th fc pp b gg v dff. F, h h c, myb m wh mbd p h d c, b b yhg

20 Kmm 19 pc. Th ch h Bw fc. Sch d by h m v wh pcfc f q, d Rch Op pvd ch d pbc q wh h fd wh hy d. Th fc p c d w bd f ch f h dff gp. Af chg bc p (Bw, Sch Rch Op), h h cc fc. Ph vg mp d g pv pg c. Th hchc m vy f (h pg f ypc qy), d h fc y h c bc ghfwd. Ud h Sch p, h Pbdy fc h h p f pvdg f vcby m f ch qy. F c, h c k hgh dp-dw f Wh cd. Th fm f fm c bk dw h vcby b by wg vc ch fm f ccpb wd; pbby hgh pp f ccf ch. Oc h ch bjc cd pg h fc ck cx. Th bc fd dcbg cc kywd, c, d ccd, c., b h y dcpv v x k, c h dd md h cd. Ahgh m f h cd gv c, h c -pcfc x (.g. Cf ) h h gfcd (.g. /g cd, 145 XY S, Cy, S ). Th m h fmv f h fc f y wh dy vd h bjc m. C Sdy #2: Th CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ( Th C Acdmy cc db y vb f c xmc cc, d dfy gd wd ch (qyg by m, f c, q L m). Th y f h fc vy mp d ghfwd, d bh ph vg d m dph w hgh. Th fc cd bc

21 Kmm 20 qy fd, d f cc hdg. Th mg dcpv v ccmpy h pcm, b h d m pbmc c h cc gd wd ch, wh hpfy dy kw gh dcpv v b Lyx f whv h qy bjc. Th fc y, d f y q, h hgh b bv Hp pg. Ahgh h p f dvd cd hv /g cd, h c h dpy cd mp. Th cvy wh h fc. C Sdy #3: Th AUSTRALIAN SPECIES BANK ( Th A Spc Bk wk pg f b A pc. I pp b gd h g pbc, bc h vy dcpv ppch d w dgd cmpm h A F Dcy, whch mch m chc d ccc. U c y B ch wh v fd, cdg dcpv k db d cgy,.g. y cd ch f [cmm m] = [cb] AND [hb] = [d]. Th Sch fc cd fzzy m f h h c ff g fzzy m h h ch g w b m h cd f gv cmm cfc m ch. Th my b pcy hpf m vc wh d q kw hw p h m f c m. Ad fm chg, c bw by xmc c ( f Phym dp dw C, d ). Ech pc cd w cxzd wh dd v b hb, g, phyc dcp, x c, mg, c. Ahgh h c xc, h ph vg d m dg cfg d dd. I y mpb c vg p, d h my d hchc m c. Th hb h fm c d mk f h fc fg. Th dg f h Bw f v w h h ch d ck f

22 Kmm 21 vg hy. Cy, h A Spc Bk pvd cv p f h dd md, h cd gfcd, hgh h bc (c) db mp. C Sdy #4: Th CONSORTIUM OF CALIFORNIA HERBARIA (cjp.bky.d/cm) Th Cm f Cf Hb h xv ch fc b d h m xp. Rcd c b qd by cfc cmm m, ggphc cy (wh h p w c fm dp dw f c ggphc g), c (hbm), cc, cc mb, cc d, chck f wd/ -v, c. Th ph vg h vy mp d y. Nvg hy c, d h m hw. Idvd cd m cx fm h pcm, ch c d hb. Th, hwv, fw mg. Th fc h w ky f whch f h h c dy cp. F, h c ch p ch y f pcm wh cdd ggphc cd, whch c h b vd cv b mp (hp://bkympp.bky.d). Th c h pfm p d q ch Hw my cd wh gv pyg? Scd, h Cm f Cf Hb ff h ppy cmm cd. U c cc fm c, d, d cc; hy c q h pc dfc f pcm dd h cmm. Th w md g md, h g h d f cwdcd, y vy cc, dg cc.

23 Kmm 22 PODCASTS IN EDUCATION AND MUSEUMS A h pc my hp pjc, I bg f pdc b h hy f h UCSC cmp. I f h pdc h yp f dg md h c hp xd h cp f h MNHC by chg w dc. A pdc gy pbhd d xcp h c b dwdd fm h f py hm cmp pb md py, (Shkm 2009). Pdc mgd w md d 2003 (Shkm 2003), d hv dy gd ppy c. I 2006, md 80% f Amc cg d wd m Pd h pb d dvc (L d Ty 2009). I 2008, h Pw I d Amc Lf Pjc fd h 27% f gd hv dwdd pdc, d 4% dwdd pdc ydy. Th mb f pdc vb h gw dmcy: 2008 h w ppxmy 43,000 pdc wh 2 m pd vb f dwd Pdc Ay, pp pdc-cgg (Pw 2008). Mm cchg h d y my g d dwd pdc fm h Amc Mm f N Hy, h K Uvy N Hy Mm, h Mm f N Hy Ld d my h. Pdc mkg h wy cg c h cy. T U w vc h pvd pdc f c fm pf m f h p v. Y my b b d Y, b y c dwd d h c fm Y c b gm hy. O m c, my dvd pf cdg h c d mkg hm vb pdc f h d dwd. L d Ty (2009) fd h h m cmm d dwdd h pdc f h c w vw c m bf. Shkm (2009) dd c pdc mdc ch d fd h v hgh h mjy f d hd dwdd pdc pvy, hy fd h pc y d h pdc f dy d. Bd h d d h, pdc hw p b gd dc : Thy w d vw h m h w, wd d vw mp m. (Shkm 2009, L d Ty 2009.)

24 Kmm 23 CASE STUDIES IN MUSEUM PODCASTING I d pdc fm h dff mm gv m d b I cd c f h MNHC. Th pdc w fd by chg h T pdc dcy f mm h h d hy h pc. Thy w h y f hy mm pdc h I fd vb T, hgh I hghy db hy h y xc. I vd h pdc hcy, bd bdy ff f v cmm- c: 1) Tchc Fm: Ivw? G c? Scpd k? 2) Lgh: Hw g g? W my hd hgh h pdc? 3) Vc: W h vc jyb? W h cdd d hgh qy? 4) C: W h c g? W v m? Wh w h dd dc? C Sdy #1: KANSAS UNIVERSITY NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Pdc T: M K Th w h (8 m) c-y pdc by KU pg c Ly M. Th w dc, h bgg f h pdc md bp, d h wy h pdc w dd md h cp chppy. F c, M. M wchd fm kg b m c K c bd, hp, hk h h KU mm h dpy. Ov, h c w g, b h ck f fw h pdc hw m ff, dd h dv fm h bjc.

25 Kmm 24 C Sdy #2: NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF LONDON Pdc T: Dg Phgphy d h N Wd Th 20-m pdc w d vw y h cdd v w-kw wdf phgph. Th dc fcd g w dg chq cp phgph. Th gh w d g gh g gd f h pc d h m dff vc, b g h I. Th dd dc md b pcp f m wdf phgphy cmp pd by h mm, d hgh phgphy pc f f m, I jyd h pdc. Th vc f h pk w p, d w w dd. C Sdy #3: Th Smh AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Pdc T: G Lc wh Mch P d P Hffm Th AMNH cdd g c hd h fcy d d h h-g pdc. Ov h c f h h, Mch P (h f Omv Dmm, c.) d P Hffm (chf d w f Svy) kd b v fd-d pc, cdg Mch Obm ch ch d, hw by hhy fd h gcy, d h p fc f w bchgy fd cp. Th bck d fh khw y w ggg d g, d h d qy d dg w xc. I dd, h pdc hd fmv dc h g f P d Hffm. DISCUSSION Hw d h c d my hp pjc? Hw c h hc ccp d bv gd h f f wb? I h dc I w cc wh I hv d hgh my ch f h d c d h dvpg N Hy f h UCSC Cmp wb.

26 Kmm 25 Th dvg fc bhd y pjc g d dc. Ey, Ch d I dcdd h f h w hy wb, g w pm hy w h UCSC cmp. Th chc d f hw w pd ccmph h g vvd cy hgh my hp, d vvg. F pmy dc w wd g d wh my hw b xpd hy. Hwv, w wd h wd b f f xpcd hy d bgy h, bc w zd h w cd h xp xpd h kwdg b f h wb. Th N Hy f h UCSC Cmp wb m cg cvy by hvg h xpcd v dd d p cv cmp mp, d by vg d d pcp cg cmp pc db f v xmc gp. Th fm f cwdcg cy bc h ch g dv d h MNHC ch m mm. I h Bbgc dy md bfy bv, Sv. (2009) fd h hgh pcp w gv mp pp g d cmm d bjc, fw k dvg f h bc hy f h hy w qfd dd w fm, q h fm dy d. W hp vd h pbm wh wb bc hy, by d, xp fd f dy. Th m h ybdy wh pd gh m bvg h wd c b cdd xp wh vb fm dd db. F h N Hy f h UCSC Cmp wb, cwdcg hd b ffcv d fy cc c f w d, pcy wh h ddd qy c f Ch md. Iy w gg d d hy h, v ch, cc db w b f h pc fd cmp, h h dvd pcm hdg phyc cc (hgh h w vy b p f h MNHC hm wb). Th m h d b ch fd p, d db fc c b mp. I m h p hg cx w m pvd m

27 Kmm 26 v c f ch pc cd. O cc db w b m m ccp h A Spc Bk h y f h h h c dy wb. Th wb dg mp d h m dph ppfy hw. U h m vg b vy c, d c cc h m hm pg y f h x hm pg (.g. Ggy P ) wh g cck fm y d pg. Ahgh h w b f fm h wh c h b fd, h c y wc h fm by chg bd x gp f, ch Mhm, Ivb. Th dg d vg ph p gy c hgh h wb,.g. fm ch dff x pg h h h m p: S pc, Lk fh dg c, c. A mp pc f wb h gfcd cv cmp hy mp. Wh h mp, w b b dff x y d p f. Th c cck p f ph, dcp d k x c. W dcdg h b chgy f gg h mp, b f xmp f wh my b k, chck h Bky Mpp pjc (hp://bkympp.bky.d). Ahgh h g x y p f bd ff f m mp h cdd Th N Hy f h UCSC Cmp (Hff. 2008), w d f b b g h mp hmv d dd w p. F c, f d cd m c chd bmg cc h, h cd g mp d c w d p h h d cd d g chck h chd f hmv. Ch w md h -gd p f cccy, v, d mp vc. Th pdc h I bg dg my hp h mmd f f wb. My w pdc b dcpy hy pc, d bd cv cp d by Ch d myf. Thy vy h (d 15 m ch) d I dd my b d hm ffcvy. Wh m pdc (.g. f my c d) d hv g vm cd wh hm, m m b k

28 Kmm 27 h fd d d wh xpcg h pc w cv. I f h h ppch c b vy dc, d pvd h wh m mgf hy xpc. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Af pdg h p x mh wkg h pjc wh Ch, I k bck d f wk ccmphd; I k fwd d v m wk hd. Rchg hc d pcc dg cd f mm fc h wd m bd h gdwk f h pmz h ffc f h pjc. Th MNHC cy h f zd p, b I bv h by g h w wb m w dy xpdg h mm ph f fc mch wd cmp dc. F h cg dvpm f h N Hy f h UCSC Cmp wb I hv h fwg bf cmmd, bd my ch bv d xpc h mm: Cmp Spc Tm Th h cd f pc kw cc h UCSC cmp, d h pp h wb hw wh pc hy c xpc fd h. Thy cd f mm pcm hdg (h w vy g h MNHC wb). U w cc cmp pc m fm ch x hm pg (.g. h Rp hmpg, c k Cmp Spc L. Ech pc cd hd c cmm m, m, d xmc hchy (.g. fmy, d, c.), p cx fm ch ccc kg (.g. cmm??), phyc dcp, hb, c. I hd cd mmd c k mg d d cp (.g. bd g), w k x c. Th fm hd b gzd db h c by ycd h fc, wg h MNHC pd d dd h db y.

29 Kmm 28 Fhm, h hd b p f Add Ifm ch pc m. Th w fm my cd cc c, gg f dd c, w x k dd, c. Th hd b Rp Udcmd Spc Sghg f; h c cmp pc by y m cmphv, d h f my hp hm bcm m. Th ph vg g h pc m fm ch x pg hd b h m. Th, fm ch x pg h hd b k Cmp [x] Spc L (.g. Cmp Rp Spc L ). Excp h m w b h Ggy pg, whch my hv cmpy dff f c k, d h Ivb pg, whch my hv mp k fm g f Ic, Spd, d Oh Ivb, h h pc (bc vb gp cmmy y dfd fm g). Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Th hd b g cmp mp, wh y f ch x dv (Ggy, Mhm, Lch, P, Ivb, Rp, Amphb, Bd, Mmm). Ech x y hd hv w yp f gfcd d p: Pm d Tmpy. Th pm d p hd cd h fd h x mp Th N Hy f h UCSC Cmp. Tmpy d p m ky b -gd d (.g. h c f bmg p); hy hd b mvd wh hy g v. Th hd b b d ff dff x y, w h b y (pgphy, bdg, p cmm, c.). U hd b b Add D P h mp; h d p w b mdd by Ch. Th dg f h fc hd b mp d hd d dc.

30 Kmm 29 Pdc Hpfy h w cm g d dcd c my pdc d. If, I cmmd h hy ck h m g ccp f dgg h pdc b d gdd wkg f pcfc vm cmp. Th pdc hd b kp h (15 20 m) bc h kg m cy mch h h h m f h dgd wk h pdc m b pd f pd f m wh h wk, k d d dg wh hy v j hd. Ad f h pdc hd b cdd h fd, d g g bckgd dcp. F h c fm, I wd cmmd m cv dg h my w pdc hv. I Cv Gch F h dg mx f cp-dg d mpvd cv, d I hk h h cv pc mk h pdc mch m g. F f pdc, I wd cmmd wg cp, b d-bbg h c dg. Th gy wd q m dg, b I bv h d wd b f hgh qy.

31 Kmm 30 V. BIBLIOGRAPHY AMNH Cc Db. Amc Mm f N Hy. 2009: <hp://h.mh.g/db/mwbmh/g.php> A Spc Bk. 2009: < CAS Typ Cc Db. Cf Acdmy f Scc. 2009: <hp://ch.ccdmy.g/ch/mgy/db.hm> Ch, S Twd w mc f cc f - mm pjc. Pcdg f h Mm d h Wb Cfc Cm f Cf Hb. Jp Hbm. 2009: <cjp.bky.d/cm>. Cmp, J.W Cgphy: mp 2.0. Pg Hm Ggphy. 33, 91. Dg Phgphy d h N Wd. N Hy Mm f Ld Ad c. Dv, K Th b f : pbc cc, h wb d h v f mm m. Mm d h Wb: A I Cfc. L Ag. G, J I cycpd g hd hd. N. 438, G Lc wh Mch P d P Hffm. Smh Amc Mm f N Hy Ad c. Hff, T., W.B. Ty, d M. Bw N Hy h UCSC Cmp, 2 d Ed. S Cz, CA: UCSC By T Bk. K, S Dg Cc: Mm d h Ifm Ag. Oxfd: Bwh- Hm. L, S. d S. Ty Pdcg hgh dc: wh h mpc f chg d g? I d Hgh Edc. 12, My, P.F. d J, K.B., d Mm Ifmc: Pp, Ifm, d Tchgy Mm. NYC: Rdg. M K. K Uvy N Hy Mm Ad c. Mm f N Hy Cc, UCSC. Hm pg <hp://mhc.cc.d>. Nfd, D., R. Gck, R. Gbz, d J. A Mm cc d d mppg ppc: w c f d mg. M Rch d Dvpm. 23:4, Pk, S. d B. G Wh my hd p h cd: g c ggg gz kwdg. J. f B. d Tch. Cm. 23:3, Pbdy Mm f Achgy d Ehgy O. Hvd Uvy. 2009: <hp://pbdy.hvd.d>. Pw I & Amc Lf Pjc Dmgphc f : ckg vy. <hp://pw.g>. Pw I & Amc Lf Pjc Pw I Pjc D Mm: Pdc Dwdg. <hp://pw.g>. Sch, A. d K. Tchm, d Th Gp Wb: Hw Gbw, Sc Sfw d h Wb 2.0 Shpg h Nwk Scy. Ld: Spg-Vg. Shkm, S Fm c h pb md: d' pcp f hcd pdc f v. Mdc Tch. 31:6, Sv, R., R. B, K. Bcv, d J. F Bbgc: Dg Mm Cg d Dv U Cmm. J f h Am. Sc. f If. Sc. d Tch. 604:4,

32 Kmm Wg, Y, N. Sh, R. Smbk, Y. Schm, L. Ay, G. Schb, d P. Gg Cvg pzd mm d -. Idcpy Scc Rvw. 34: 2-3, Wcmb, A R-mgg h Mm: Byd h Mm. NYC: Rgd.

33 Kmm 32 VI. DOCUMENTATION OF INTERNSHIP PRODUCTS I h fwg pg y w fd: A. Wb Dg Mck-Up (2) B. Pdc Scp d Wkg Mp C. Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Ccp P D. Tx f Icv Cmp N Hy Mp I dd, h cd CD y w fd: A. Mm Mdw W Pdc B. Cv Gch F Pdc C. Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Mck-p Th w N Hy f UCSC wb vy mch d dvpm, b p v hp://mhc.cc.d/cch/dx.hm my g wb dg fc, w my pdc (y c k hm fm h N Hy f UCSC hmpg) wh wkg mp d cp.

34 WEBSITE DESIGN MOCKS

35 N H yf hucsc C mp G gy P Mh m L ch I v b Amph b PLANTS L m pm d m,cc d p c g.q qp m m c f g.fcv d q m ccm mpv.c hd m gcv dp v p.nm p mdj, d b f g v. Ac p, p mp c f c, m d qm,f c m.nc g cg c d.ph v d c f dq.v b m gm m m vh c gv m.ncf c b ccmmp.v b m bh,f c cp c c,v p c.a qm v p.p mp c mc pv pcd m.p q, g d p c g md, m d m v,d b m d.a qm v p.p qm m,c gv v d,b d c. CmpP Spc L RdwdF Hb Pdc Rp B d Mmm

36 N H yf hucsc C mp PLANTSPECI ESONCAMPUS ByFm y A phb c ybyl Nm Agvc A c I dc O ch dc R c c Thm dc C ch cc L c C c h b ( G b y ) C c h ( Y wm p y ) C c h m ( P y ) C c h f ( L gf w d p) C d w ( Rdc ) F f f ( Chc k y ) L mp d m( Lp d y ) Sc p b g v ( F ddd g) M h c Bck P hm 3 ME 3 CP,GR 4 ME,RW 4 CP 6 RW 3 RW 6 RW 4 RW Sc p b g v, I m g C d Abdc:1=bd,2=cmm,3=f ycmm, 4=cmm,5=,6= c,7=x p d,8= v v Hb :ALL=p b ywh,ch=chp,cp=c p,di=d bd,di T=d ch,gr=g d.me=m xd v g f,ri= p,rw = dwdf,se=p,sp =p g,wet=ch c yw

37 N H yf hucs C Cmp PL ANTS L m p md m, c c d p c g. P q m mp p, v v m h d g. S d c, g v d f g v, c q c g. S p d g d q mp d d g mg v d v c. S dc c c c. A m, p v c d d, g v d d. P q cm f g p p d v. P c v c q mp. Q q g d c m c c d b. S p d p. D c d mc p. N m mp f g g f m m. Q q c p v p h d. N p q b v m m d m d. U v h c d m g v b mv. D c c d d d g m c f c. V wc mp P C mm M p V wc mp P Sp c L D w dp d c b h R d w df H b ANTS GEOL OGY PL MUSHROOMS RDS MAMMAL L ES BI NVERTEBRATES AMPHI L I CHEN I BI ANS REPTI S

38 PODCAST SCRIPTS AND WALKING MAPS

39 CAMPUS N.H. PODCASTS - CAVE GULCH (F) [ Bg Sdd I] Ch: Wcm f h m gg vy cmp Cf U.C. S Cz. Ec: I dd h vy f c h vy ff, UCSC h mzg dvy f dcp d hdd f pc h v wh h cmp bdy. Th mk UCSC q. S wh y c g k wk h wd Ch: O mdw Ec: O v cv Ch: Ad xpc h dvy f cmp f yf. Th pdc p f h UCSC N Hy Pdc, cy f h Mm f N Hy Cc h Evm Sd dpm h UCSC. I m Ch, h c f h mm. Ec: Ad I m Ec, vm d d h UCSC. Th pdc dgd f y dwd g wh mp d y k gdd hgh p f h mzg cmp. Kp md h hy d dff. F xmp, w hv F Cv Gch pdc h dcb wh y mgh h dg Ocb Nvmb. Hwv, d f md m f h hg w k b vb y m f y! Ch: I dd, h cp f h pdc mhc.cc.d. Ag wh h x, w v kd bch f phgph f h p, m d fg cvd ch pdc. S b chck h bf f y wk. Ec: Ad w, g xpg! [ Ed Sdd I] Ch: Agh fk, w gg v Cv Gch dy h f w d f cmp, p v g bhd Kg d P cg. Mk bg fhgh, m ch y c g dy, d pckkf f y hv, bc w gg pkg! Ec: W bg h h p wh Cv Gch dh Emp Gd. T g h, wk P Mdw d dcd h f h hw dg f h mdw. Fw f h v m h f h d py dwh d h gh. Y hd b b Emp Gd d bh y. If y fd h gh, y w d p h gff-cvd cc bdg pg Emp Gd. N h bdg h m d f h d h y, k f g cc bck wh h bk hgh h p h wh Emp Cv (m cmmy kw P Cv) cd. (PAUSE) Ch: Y w dg Cv Gch, g v gg h Upp Cmp d cg h wy h c. Cv Gch md bc f h ggy f h dg, whch c cv fm. Th bdck h w Cv

40 Gch c f mb, c mmphc ck h pbby gd m dm f h pc. Af fmg, h m w bd h h c, wh h d p fmd mb. Ec: Th mb cmp 97% cc, vy f m h dy dv wh cd. Y c h f yf wh pckkf d m b f dd hydchc cd. Ch: Ak y hc Eh Scc mj d hy c hp y g hd f m hydchc cd! Ec: Fd xpd ck h cv c d cp wh y pckkf. Cc hd h m bd f y kf, y hd b b cch h mb. If y hv hydchc cd, dp fw dp h xpd ck d y h ck fzz. Ch: Th fzzg h cc dvg. Th m hg hpp h y g c wh cdc gdw p h bdck mb g fc, f d j. Ov g pd f m, m d m f h cc dv h ck hycmbd wk f d cv. Emp Cv xmp f h pc. Ec: Th ggy f Cv Gch p f g cmp phm kw k pgphy. K cc wh h bdck mb m bh f whch vy w b d chczd by cv, kh d pg- h f whch fd bdc h cmp. Ch: S chck h k pgphy f v by hdg Emp Cv. A y cmb h m dd dw h cv, p d k h ck cg f bw-cd Twgh Mh (Tph h). Th mh h cv dg h dy, d fg f fw c d gh. Ec: Y ky p cvm hvm (Lbm xp), mm cd dddy-g-g, h f m f h cv. Th chd m pd, b hv m bd, mch g g d k g. Ad cy pp myh, hvm d hv fg c hy pdc p. Ch: I fc, h hvm hd by h chd h Emp Cv pd (M dff). Th pd c b 2-3 ch g, dk gy bck, wh g g d d g yw pch bdm. I dmc h Emp Cv ym, whch m h y cc Cv Gch. I dd h q pd, h my h fg gm h c h cv hm. Wh y xp h cv, mmb b pcf f h vy q hb by chg y f h m d v vg h. (PAUSE)

41 Ec: Bck d f Emp Cv w c wk dwm Cv Gch. Shy f cg Emp Gd p f m d k f h m. Wh dd h w g? Th mbd h dy dg mm d y f, b j h wy pm, h w! Wh d y hk hppg? Ch: A w wk fh dw Cv Gch h mb bdck gv wy ch, h pm mmphc ck cmp. Y c ch p fm mb bc ddh d f, d f y bk p pc f ch y c b f mc cy hg d. Th mc ch wh fm cy, whch y c xpc fhd by xpg Cv Gch dg y w! Ec: Cv Gch p f h dwd f p cmmy, b y w f Cf by (Umb cfc) gwg h. Cf by hv mh gy k d mp, -d v. Thy gpm ( fwg p) whch fw mdw, k h -fwg gympm dwd. T pvy dfy h by, pck f h w, gy, g, pd v, b bw y fg d m. Th vy dc m vy m -bgh by v. Thgh h v f h Cf By g p pgh c, k f h m fhy g f pg h dg by. Pck fw k hm d ghy v. Thy hv cmy ccy d vy y. (PAUSE) Ch: O my f h by (bh vg d dd) y c hd, hy hv pdg fm h d f h k. Th fg cd h A Ck (Gdm ppm). A ck ghy h hp f m-cc, wh h dm d chd h k. I my y b f wd, d h p fc dk bw, wh cmy wh dd. Ec: If y g, y c w h d d f h ck. If y cm bck fw dy, w gwh fm w pc h p-pdcg b h y bbd ff. If y d h Cv Gch, h g bhd Kg Apm Bdg Egh Ch: A y wkg g h dy mbd, kp y f b g (Amx dchph). I cp mh wh w, hy b v cmp, b y c fd ch mc Cv Gch y-d. Th b g h cc S Cz pc h y fd h My By g, d h g g Nh Amc. I gh-ch g! B g pc hmv wh hck, cky mc h kp h bd m. Th mc y mpb wh wp wy, I wd cmmd gg fdy wh h g. Ec: B g hmphd,.. vy dvd h bh m d fm x g. Dg mg, w g ppch ch h, dc d f wh d h h p ch h. Th L m f h pc, dchph, g p; b g, fc, hv h g p--

42 bdy gh h m kgdm! Af v h h mg p dgg, hwv, f bh f h p w bcm ck. A, cvg g h h by hd p p. Smm cvg g w v y chw ff p p h bhv cd pph, d my b gy pv h h g fm mg g. Ch: Af wkg b m dwm fm Emp Cv, kp c y h mbd. C y fd wh h w ddy pp g? K pgphy, h m ggc phm h cd Emp Cv, pb f h ck: m w dpp dgd b ck pgwy, h mg p. Ec: Th m h hm f UCSC m chmc mphb h Cf G Smd (Dcmpd ). Th md h chky bdy wh mbd bw d gy c d wh by. I c b p 17 cm g ( cdg ), d h hv md h wd! Ch: Uk m f h gh md pc cmp, h g md h v g f cyc, d h v md mch fd h h m dvd. A y wk dw h gch, p p h m d k d fg db d ck f p bwh c wh whh by, f d g. Th v c b v 11cm g ( cdg ), hy dffc fd, pcy h mm y f wh h m g w. Ad g md hv pwf jw wh hp h, d fmdb pd f m m, k cck, b g, d v hw! Th chc f fdg d m, hgh, pcy h m f y. Y b b wd b k g Cv Gch ck y w gh. Ec: C f gh dw Cv Gch d y fd d dm, m wf, f f gg, d, vy, Wd Rch S Pk d Hghwy 1. Th m cv Cv Gch, hgh w yg wh fd hm! Ch: If y dy hd bck cmp, wk j fh dw fm wh h m pp d y cm h c h w. Tk h f d w k y bck P Mdw. If y c h 20 m dw m, y cp g. Fw h f p h d f h cy Mm Mdw, whch j c Emp Gd fm h W Ec f cmp. Ec: T m b h hy f Mm Mdw, chck Mm Mdw pdc mhc.cc.d. Thk f hkg wh!

43

44 CAMPUS N.H. PODCASTS MIMA MEADOW (W) [ Bg Sdd I ] Ch: Wcm f h m gg vy cmp Cf U.C. S Cz. Ec: I dd h vy f c h vy ff, UCSC h mzg dvy f dcp d hdd f pc h v wh h cmp bdy. Th mk UCSC q. S wh y c g k wk h wd Ch: O mdw Ec: O v cv Ch: Ad xpc h dvy f cmp f yf. Th pdc p f h UCSC N Hy Pdc, cy f h Mm f N Hy Cc h Evm Sd dpm h UCSC. I m Ch, h c f h mm. Ec: Ad I m Ec, vm d d h UCSC. Th pdc dgd f y dwd g wh mp d y k gdd hgh p f h mzg cmp. Kp md h hy d dff. F xmp, w hv F Cv Gch pdc h dcb wh y mgh h dg Ocb Nvmb. Hwv, d f md m f h hg w k b vb y m f y! Ch: I dd, h cp f h pdc mhc.cc.d. Ag wh h x w v kd bch f phgph f h p, m d fg cvd ch pdc. S b chck h bf f y wk. Ec: Ad w, g xpg! [ Ed Sdd I ] Ch: Dd y kw h p f cmp h h d f Emp Gd? If, h g dy f m w y, bc dy w xpg Mm Mdw! Ec: T fd Mm Mdw, k cmp p b d g ff h Abm p Emp Gd. O fw h d d h g fm h Fm, bhd h Abm d Emp Gd. Fm h, wk ph y g y f dg gy h c d f h d. Hp v h g d k mm jy h vw f h d g dw My By. Th, Mm Mdw. Ch: Th m chcc q f h mdw md. Th dd wh md h d f dm, 1 4 f hgh, d m, vy pcd. Thy pd by hgww wh v p fm w. Th md vy dcy vb bv wh y g hm chck Gg Eh b hw hy fmd c. Md k h cc wh h wd, hwv h bhd xp f hm. Th m wdy ccpd h dy, f, h gph g h mhw d md

45 c,, cd, h hy w fmd by cmb f vg chg h p f h md wh w dd h -md. Ec: I h wd, f f mk y w hyph h p! Ch: Hmm, I g ppy f m dgd ch h Ec: Ad fm h md, Mm Mdw g ggcy bc f S Cz f m c. Ech c h m f c f h w pfd, d h p c bw h c h c cff. Y c Hghwy 1 fm h bc ckd g h bm f f h cff. Th bdck dh h mdw cmpd my f qy dp, whch w fmd bw 1.8 m d 10,000 y g, wh h c w dw. Ch: Mm Mdw wh w c c p p cmmy. Bf xc pc ch wd d bm fc czd gd h, hy w c p. I Mm Mdw h gh f v p pc h cdd c p, k h G E Mdw. O cmp, bh Mh Fd d Cw Mdw h xmp f c p. Ec: Th c p hb cc g h Cf c, wh h md cm d mm fg. I f h m dv yp f gd fd Nh Amc, w vy pdcv cym. Bc hy pdcv, c p hv cd gz hgh m. T f hd f y g, h d w gzd by mmmh d b, fwd by hd f k, pgh d d dg h Nv Amc m. Oc h Spd vd h p w d gd f h c, dy. Ch: S g h gzg, cy bfc h v p. Accdg gd-v ch h ffc f gzg h UCSC cmp, md gzg h pv ffc v wdfw, ffc v g d gv ffc v p wdfw. I h 1990 cw w mvd fm h G d E Mdw f fw y f gp f d dcd h h gzg w dm h gd hb. Hwv, wh h cw, v wdfw pp dcd d h vy dcdd gzg h E Mdw. Mm Mdw,, d gd f c. Wh pg cm fw mh, Mm Mdw w b cvd wh my m fw h h h G E mdw. Cm bck d k f ppp, yw v,, d mch, mch m. Ec: I h w y w my wdfw, hwv, y c qc p h hv h hgww f Mm Mdw. Hgww h dp bw md h f d c wd. Wk h dg f h mdw h c, d chck h v p h hgww g h fc. Y ky y qc p cd dckwd (Lm m)

46 gwg h. I h v h f h fc f h p, d vy, vy y fw. I fc, mmb f h dckwd fmy h m fwg p. Ch: A h p d p, h d dg w dm d h qc p w wh wy. Rh, dg d g f k pfcy m d cfd wh h, b hy cy h dff fm, f whch pd by pc fd Mm Mdw. H h ck g h fm p: Rh d, dg hv dg, d g d j. Wh h m h m h cmpy d. Wh h m dg h hp dg, d g m, hgh d, hv j wh h v m. Nw f y c fd xmp f ch f h h h mdw. Ec: Bf w mv fm p, fd p (Chgm pmdm). Lk f p gwg c h gd wh cy-dgd, v h 7 27 ch g. Wh md d chd, h bb f p pdc h h w d f whg by h Oh pp, d,, Ep. Th vy fb d c b md w. Ch: I w y ky fd mhm gwg f h cw p h. Th h fbd mgc mhm y my hv cm UCSC hkg y d fd m f dg mhm hcgc, d h h, wk h hy m ky gv y cmp h g y hgh. Id, y hv ky fd b-hpd p (P cmp). If, h mhm w hv w, b-hpd cp (3/4 1 1/2 ch wd), wh bw c. I w hv g, h, b k wh gd dg, d h-k v m h hg fm h dg f h cp. If h fg yg h p w b p, b g hy dk bck. Th b-hpd p xmp f mhg w c cdy pph. If y hv d Cv Gch pdc y hd b h ck mhm, whch pmy pph, mg hy bk dw wdy db. A cdy pph cm dd m f dcy, f xmp, g h dy py dcmpd,, wh h p, cw m. Ec: Ah g fg fd w y pg h G Pffb (Cv gg). Th pffb mb hfy cm-cd b, gg z fm gf b bkb. Th whh d y f bk p bw c, d d h p, whch fm d, f-k m wh h fg yg. A h g, pffb db, hgh pcy y; d wh y fg fgg, y m b cmpy wh kd f mhm bf y v. A h pffb g h db p m d, dy h b bk p d p dpd by wd w. Ch: O by f f my fv hg d wh I fd dy pffb kck d wch h p fy wy! Mmb f h Cv g m f h m pfc vg gm, pdcg p 7 p vg z pffb. If 7 f h p, ch y 1/200 h f mm, w d p hy cd

47 fm cc d h q. Obvy, vy fw p cy gm, w d b v wh g pffb. Ec: Nw d p d k k h f wdf. Fck f W Mdwk w h gd f UCSC. Th W Mdwk g, cky gbd wh h d yw h, ch d by. I h bck V c h ch, d bck d kd bw, wh h fh bg wh. Lk f fck f hm, f h chcc g f ch, f-k f vb gh, y ccg wd h d. [py g] Ch: Mm Mdw g pc cch bf, d Nymphd, Bh-fd bf, g, cmm fmy. Th f p f g h c dcd d cvd wh h; d f bg d f wkg, h g c chmc cp fd h p f fdg d yg gg. W hv v 20 pc h Nyphd fmy cmp; cmm h y mgh Mm Mdw dg h w mh h W C Ldy (V b). Th md g d bck bfy h wgp f 1 1/2 2 ch. D cf wh h Mch bfy, whch g d d fq Mm Mdw. Ec: A mch, b gby m xcg, c fd Mm Mdw h Oh Tg B (Ccd h). Oh Tg B fdy dgd, d h g cd c p hb S Cz Cy; h pp cmp md b y h fw hdd d. I Oh g b, b y j mgh. Lk f mc g b h y b hf-ch g d vy f. Tg b fc pd, chg dw h vb ch pd. Thy m cv w wh h gd f gh y gg ; hwv, d b wm dy (v 60 F) f hm cm. Tg b hb cmpcd h, k h h dg f, d hy h h b gd cd by hk, bk d gzg. Sc hy, b v db Oh Tg B, d wch wh y p wm w dy. Ch: Tg b mdg pd f y, b f bh bb bbc h m. If y Mm Mdw f ( ), y wh d y hv gd chc f g bbc (Lyx f). Bbc y ghy g h hc, d hv h, bck-bdd. Thy hv wh p h bck f h bck, whch hgh b wy f bbc k d fw h mh gh, c h cv my c. Ec: If y w c y xp dy, y hk bck c cmp v Cv Gch. Wk w g h w fc y ch h f bd; h h h d dw h Cv Gch m. Oc y g h w, y c fw pm d c h Emp Gd bdg Emp Cv, wh y c c p P Cg, c wkg p h gch Upp Cmp.

48 Ch: T b h hy y f y g h wy, chck Cv Gch pdc mhc.cc.d. Thk f xpg wh!

49

50 INTERACTIVE CAMPUS NATURAL HISTORY MAP CONCEPT PLAN

51

52 TEXT FOR INTERACTIVE CAMPUS NATURAL HISTORY MAP

53 Icv Cmp N Hy Mp Tx f Lc GEOLOGY 1. Sch (Chqp Rd) Sch ddh ck cmmy fd cmp. A gd pc Upp Cmp dc g Chqp Rd bw Sv Spg T d W Rd. Th d c mg h ch wh; fhy xpd ch cy d, b gy! Ah dcv chcc f ch f,.. hw h dvd m g gd. Fd c f whd ch d bk g f h f f fd p hd f y mc cy pk h fc f h bk p! 2. Gd M (W Lp Rd) I h 1850, S Cz hd bf gd h f f qz bd w fd F d ppdy d bw $27,000 d $72,000 wh f gd. N h W Lp f d h pp p f Cv Gch, y c fw m f F.W. Sbg gd m. I mch w j p f d fd d dm b dy h m ydd b 57 c f gd, d $710 wh. N ch bd pf f h dy 3. Sdy S (F Bk Rd) If y hkg F Bk Rd Upp Cmp y c hgh c f chp, wh h f d ddy d h vg w, d d bhy. Tk fw p ff h d d chck h h f k bch d! Th d cm fm h whg f S Mg Sd. Th d w dpd hw dg h Mc pch; mch yg h h gc ck y wh cmp, b d gh h wh w dy y m p f wh h c dd wy. 4. Qz D (Cv Gch) Qz d f fw yp f gc ck fd cmp. Gc ck fmd g g, mgm cd dp wh h h c. O cmp h B Lmd Qz D fm h m pm gc ck. If y wk g Cv Gch y cppg f h ck h v p; my f h phd ck h Cv Gch mbd qz d. Lk f chcc c-gd, -d-ppp ppc. Th m cd fdp, d h ppp my b, yp f mc. 5. Sdy S (W Rd) If y hkg W Rd Upp Cmp y c hgh c f chp wh h f d ddy d h vg w, d d bhy. Tk fw p ff h d d chck h h f k bch d! Th d cm fm h whg f S Mg Sd. Th d w dpd hw

54 dg h Mc pch; mch yg h h gc ck cmp, b d gh h wh w dy y m p f wh h c b dd wy. 6. Skh (Bk Egg) A kh cd dp hw. Th v 50 cmp, cdg h h, h m w f Bk Egg. Skh fm bc f phm kw k pgphy: Mb f h pmy bdck dyg UCSC, d mb c my f m cd cc. Cc dv h pc f cdc gdw, fmg cck d pgwy h mb. Evy h pgwy xpd d mg fm cv, whch chcc f k pgphy. Skh fm wh h f f cv cp, wh h mb bdck dv d h p p p f f. 7. Pgm (Pgp) Pgm h yp f gc ck h fmd dp h h c mgm cd wy. Pgm cp cmp, hwv y c fd xpd Pgp, h d qy h c f h Rc d Lm K. Lk f cy gd ck wh kgy g cy (hy c b v ch c). Pgm cy ypcy qz, mcv, b, fdp d hbd. 8. Tf (Pgp) Y c fd f h k pd Pgp, g h Spg Bx. Tf cmy-cd ck md f ccm cb. I fm wh cdc gdw cyg dvd pc f cc (whch cm fm h mb bdck cmp) - h mph d mch f cb dxd, cg h ccm cb pcp by fc ch wg ck. L, h gc m dcy d h f m hwd- ck h. Sch h dg f h m fd f b, wh h ck fmd d wg h h c dcmpd, vg hw w f f. 9. Mb wh Fc (Upp Qy) Mb cc cp v cmp. If h ck fc cvd m ch, y w h h mb md p m y f cy. Th cy fmd fm cc, d h mb cmp vg 97% cc. M f h mb cmp gy fcd, k h xmp h Upp Qy. Th hghy fcd f h ck w cdc gdw pm d dv h cc, dg phm kw k pgphy. Th cv, kh d dppg m cmp f k pgphy. 10. Mb Bd (Qy Pz) Od f h By T Bk g mb bd. Bf h vy w b h d w md f mb, whch w fd k c m. Lm gd f m, p d

55 cc, d by 1855 h m dy hd xcd v 2,100 f mb fm h. Th bd d f h bk m f h qy dy h w mvd Qy Pz f hc pp. 11. Sch (Hg Dv) Ag Hg Dv c fm E Fd H pkg, h d c h xpd ch: f, ddh ck. Sch c w yp f h m mc, gh-cd mcv d dk b. Th mc wh fm cy. Addy, b c, whch gv h ch y c h xdz. Bk ff pc f ch d y w c cp hg. F, bk y g p; h bc f h wy h g f mc gd. Scd, y c dvd cy f b d mcv g h p f h bk. 12. Qz (G Mdw) Qz cmm yp f bdck cmp, b y c fd cp f h G Mdw h p f h Bk Ph. My f h kbby ck dg h mdw fm h dw h Abm qz. Th hd ck, d vy whg, whch kb f qz pd fm h dg bdck h. Qz my b-gy wh, d wh hd y c h dvd qz cy g h gh. 13. Mb wh Bdg (Jd Gch) Nh f h Lw Qy Jd Gch cp f dky bdd mb. Th gh bd cm fm cc h mb, d h dk c dv fm mp ch gph. Th m gph cmpd f p cb, d pp bh-gy fck fhy bk pc f mb. 14. Skh (E Mdw) A kh cd dp hw. Th v 50 cmp, cdg h h, h E Mdw. Skh fm bc f phm kw k pgphy: Mb f h pmy bdck dyg UCSC, d mb c my f m cd cc. Cc dv h pc f cdc gdw, fmg cck d pgwy h mb. Evy h pgwy xpd d mg fm cv, whch chcc f k pgphy. Skh fm wh h f f cv cp, wh h mb bdck dv d h p p p f f. 15. S Cz Md (Pgp) S Cz Md w dpd p f h S Mg Sd fm, h c hw dpd. Md h ck y N Bdg g W Cff Dv. O cmp h cp, hwv, f y wk fv m Pgp y c S Cz Md xpd g h d f h Spg T. H h md pd wh y f b, dk gy ck cd pc. If y bg hd d k cy fhy

56 xpd fc f md, y hd b b mk m cc mp h ck h w cd by kd f gcd p cd dm h vd h c. 16. Mm Md (Mm Mdw) Ac Emp Gd fm h W Ec f cmp Mm Mdw. Sd h dg f h mdw d k cy h fc f h d. I my k y fw m c, b h dd wh md. Th md d f dm d 1-4 f hgh. Thy m vy pcd, d pd by hgww wh v p fm w. Th md vy dcy vb fm bv, b hw hy fmd c md k h cc wh h wd, b h ccpd xp f hm y. Th m wdy ccpd h, f, h gph g h mhw d md c,, cd, h hy w fmd by cmb f vg chg h p f h md wh w dd h md. 17. Fdd Mb d Sch (Jd Gch) Mb c my f m cd cc, whch mk h ck whh c. If y cycg wkg g h Bk Ph wh m h h d f Jd Gch, hwv, y my c h h mb yd wh h, ddh ck. Th ddh ck ch. Th y f mb d ch yg pfcy hz, b cy kd f wvy h bc f bh ck fm w dpd, h dw dfm d h ck w fdd. 18. T R Fcd Mb (B f Cmp) I h mb cp g Cdg Dv, h b f cmp, bcky h d f h fcd ck. W fw g h fc, h pbby dg w h. 19. Gc Rck (B f Cmp) Gc ck fmd dg h Cc pd mgm p h h c d cd wy. Th dff yp f gc ck, dghd by ghy dff chmc cmp. Qz d h m cmm yp f gc ck cmp, b h g h fph bw h Ckh d h B Th y c-gd cp f wh gpd h cgy h gc ck. Sm f h hv -d-ppp ppc, h my wh, d m hv m pk g mbddd hm. 20. Ucfmy (Emp Gd Rd) I ggc m, cfmy f pc wh h w pd f dp, wg yg ck fm p f mch d. Ac h fm pv hm 1313 Emp Gd dc h xpd h cfmy bw h S Mg Sd d h m cy fmd Qy dp. 21. S Mg Sd (Wk Sch) S Mg Sd dmy ck fm h w dpd hw dg h Mc pch, mkg mch

57 yg h h gc ck cmp. J h f cmp, x Wk ch, y w fd g xpd chk f S Mg Sd. Lk f h f bw f c vb h dy ck. 22. Ucfmy (M Qy) I ggc m, cfmy f pc wh h w pd f dp, wg yg ck fm p f mch d. If y f k kg h wk wy fm cmp, hd dw Hgh S Kk Dv. Tk f, h g f g Lm L d y ch h d M qy. H y w cfmy bw d gc ck d h S Mg Sd fm. I py bckd by vg, b vb. MUSHROOMS 1. Cwby Hdkchf (Gd Gch) Scg h f dg wh h p f Gd Gch m h p f Lw Mh Fd fd h g cwby hdkchf (Hygph b). Th mhm chczd by my wh m d cp, cmbd wh f, wxy wh g. Dg w, h m cvg h p f h mhm my b hck gh h dffc pck p, cg pm fgph Dvd A c h cwby hdkchf h "pp d m gd fg mg. Nd y, h y w k hm d ck. 2. Kg B (Sp Z) Th mxd vg f f h p z g pc h f db kg b mhm (B d), kw pc. I h f, k f bg (2-12 ch c) j d h dff h dg f h f. Th cp f kg b fm d ddh-bw cd, d h fg h p p h h g. I mp b by pv f mhm dy bf g. F xc cmphv gd, chck Mhm Dmyfd by c fgph Dvd A. O v b, fd yf p fg h hw y h p. 3. Lg Wh Lcpx (C W) A wk y Scc H v h ph bhd h C W pkg c w dy, kp y f mhm fy g. A fy g cc f mhm h gw fm c c f p mycm, d cy p y f y. M cmmy, h mhm y gwg fy g g wh cpx (Lcpx bm). Th mhm h hy q hdy d c vv f wk, wh my pc f bmg. 4. Th Pc (Scc H) Udh h dwd Scc H g pc k f dc db mhm kw h pc (Agc g).

58 Lk f -cd, gd mhm wh cp 6-12 ch c, d hggy k. Th pc d h b mhm y c by h pmk, hwv, pmk fd c cmp fhy pckd pc. I mp b by pv f mhm dy bf g, hgh. F xc cmphv gd, chck Mhm Dmyfd by c fgph Dvd A. O v b, fd yf p fg h hw y h p. 5. A Ck (Jd Gch) A ck (Gdm ppm) g, hy hf fg h pd fm h d f hdwd k, ch h Cf by w Jd Gch. Ech mhm ghy h hp f m-cc wh h dm d chd h k, d my y b f wd. Th p fc dk bw, d h dd cmy wh. If y g, y c w h dd f h ck; cm bck fw dy d w gwh w hv pcd h p-pdcg b h y cchd ff. 6. B-hpd P (Mm Mdw) I Mm Mdw y ky fd m, bw mhm gwg f h cw p. Th h fbd mgc mhm y my hv cm UCSC hkg y d fd m f dg mhm hcgc, d h h vy wk d m ky gv y cmp h g y hgh. Id, y hv pbby fd b-hpd p (P cmp). Th mhm xmp f mhg w c cdy pph. Wh pmy pph bk dw wdy db, cdy pph cm dd m f dcy, f xmp, py dcmpd g, wh h p, cw m. 7. Tm bc (Abm) Udh h My p h Abm gw vy q kd f fg: Tm bc. T. bc cmychz fg, mg h h hp wh pcfc p ( h c p ) d xchg w d wh h h. Th fg bdy f T. bc hg y wd cgz mhm f gh k k h, bw c gwg d dd g. Ahgh h c f h fg bdy m dd, mk f h wy T. bc dp p: m vb h c, d h hmv by g c, wh wk wy d c h p h xcm dff c. 8. Ocp Skh (Fcy Hg) My fg dp h p v wd w; h, k h cp kh (Ch ch), c. Chck h dcpd wh wdchp Fcy Hg f h ddy hpd, dd-wh mhm. A f, h cp kh k k m, mhmw. Ov h x fw dy h mhmw p p v my d c d bw p-cg c h

59 m mmc fh. Bwf cd h c f h p m, d h p hv vvd vv jy hgh h dgv c f h c. LICHENS 1. Lp Spc (Sd Hh C) Lp ch hv pp c d hy k f hy w py pd h b. Uk h yp f ch, p pc g h w fm vg hgh hmdy vm, ch dwd, h h bbg w. Chck h dwd d h Cw Sd Hh C pc f Lp (d g d pwdy), w pc f Chyhx ( y-cchg ch c) gwg h dwd bk. 2. Od Ok (P Mdw) O h dd bch f h d k dg P Mdw y c fd bd dvy f f (fy) d fc (hb-k) ch. Bg hd d y mk Hdm cm, f ch h mh d f b d pwdy h h d, wh bck c (h) h b p. Y c k f h dcv Vmc cph ( kw Nb cph), whch fc d h bh-gy, cvx chd d, p g bch. 3. Id Spc (Pfmg A) Id pc chczd by h wy hy dp cz w pc. Sm ch hv d, whch y bd f h p fg d g h g dpd by wd m vc. Id pc d hv d; d, hy hv g, w-k c cd d. Th d dch y fm h bdy f h ch d gw w dvd. O m f h k h Pfmg A y c fd d pc cd M bf, whch m, f (fy) d dk-cd. 4. Fc Spc (E Fd H) Fc ch pc chd h b h b, d mg hb-k m wh d p-k bch. N h E Fd H b p h g k ; h y c mwh fc ch pc, Tch x. Th pc y dfy bc f b g fg bd. Oh cmm fc g cmp cd Rm, Ev d U. 5. C Spc (Abm) C ch f mk f bk v ck fc. Thy gw h c h cv mbddd h b, d dfc pc f q mccp d xp. Hwv, y c y fd Thmm cfcm gwg p f h Sh Afc Ec Gd g wh h Abm. T.

60 cfcm gy wh wh bck-ppd fg bd h k k c yb. Th ch dcv f Md c vm. Oh c g cmp cd P, Opgph d Cpc. 6. Cych (Bk Ph) M ch ymbc hp bw fg d g g, b b 10% f chzd fg p wh cybc d. Y my hv f d b cybc b-g g, b hy g hy kd f phyhc bc. Cych c hgh m b h g g ch, d hy cpb f g fx. O cmp y c fd Cm gc ( m, vy dk bw f ch) gwg bcky h w c f h Bk Ph. Oh cych cmp cd Cm ffcm, Pg c, Sc mb d Pdcyph hp. 7. Od Fc P (B f Cmp) Od fc p h b f cmp g pc k f c (c-k) ch, cdg Thmm cfcm d T. mmmm. Th pc gy ywh-wh wh bck-ppd fg bd h k k c yb, d h pc dcv f Md c vm. Oh cmp c g cd P, Opgph d Cpc. INVERTEBRATES 1. Cf Rd Wd A (Chqp Rd) Th y y m d g -v Ag (Lphm hm). Ag cdby vv d cmp dcy wh v Cf d wd (Fmc d). H h mxd vg f gd Chqp Rd y c fd Cf d wd h b f g hy k k p f hchd wg. Wd mp d dp f my f p, cdg v, m, wd gg d fd dd g. Th p pckg h d wh mhg cd m; h cc h d f h pd-ch m, h bd h d hmv. Bc f h m z, Ag hgh b ccf d dp. 2. Acm B Bfy (Upp Cmp Chp) Th cm b (Pbj cm) m, dc b bfy h y ky h chp f Upp Cmp, wh hy y h gg p h L g. Th cm b cp hv g hp wh v : cp c mhg cd hydw wh fdg, d h h hydw. I xchg hy pc h cp fm pd by wmg v hm. Th ddcd h k h hy w v bg cp h cy w fd c.

61 3. Cf T Spd (Cv Gch) A xc wy pd f h f ch f pd bw h p d f m bk, ch h h pp p f Cv Gch. Th Cf pd (Ad v) b ch g, d gyh-bw wh f h bdm. I dg bw h h, d dc h c wh md f k d p m. T pd m h m bw f h v, d hy c gw b q d (p 16 y). A hy gw h pd xpd h bw, f m gh h pd my cy m m k. 4. Ok G (9/10 Bdg) A g dfgm f p, cd by vb yg gg h p d g hm. If y v v kd k f d cd dd mp h m f pc, h xmp f wh g c k k. Th wy p pd ch pc f g-pdcg vb vy pcfc, y c cy dfy pc by g. Th g pc v fm pd d pvd hm wh hmd vm d py f fd. Wh h v m hy chw h wy, vg h p hmd. I h Shv k cpy vb fm h bdg bw Cg 9/10 d ISB k f bg wg f k m. Th g md by wp cd Chy pd. 5. Jm Cck (Bk Ph) If h yhg h cmp h k k mhg fm c-f mv g hby wg, h Jm cck (Spm p.), kw p bg pw. Th c mch g h wh y d my pc wh y hk f cck, d hy hv vzd, bgg hd. Ahgh hy k fm, Jm cck f fm hy hv h by fy, jmp h. Addy, hy hv xmy p ygh. Th c pmy b, b hy bv h d wd dg h y ch f m. AMPHIBIANS 1. Ab Smd (Lw Mh Fd) Lk f d gd k Lw Mh Fd d bg g p f bch. W yg fd b md (Ad gb) mdm-z md h h bw bck wh yw cm pg d p dd. Th gy c k mdg f ch m c bc hy hv vy pwf jw mc h gv h hd mc-m ppc. Th b md pm xmp f h g Ad, whch cd h cmbg md. T h md cmbg k c, gy pck p d hg fm y fg h ph!

62 2. S Cz Bck Smd (Upp Qy) If y fp v gh h d Upp Qy y w vy fd S Cz Bck Smd (Ad g). Th d cmpy bck, d bw 6-7 cm g fm v. Smd h Ad g p f gp cd cmbg md h hv ph. Cmbg md p f h fmy Phdd, g md. Id f bhg hgh g, phdd bh hgh h k! Cy, Ad g cd f dc bpc, d h md fd cmp f h. O bpc pp cy dcg f kw. 3. Pcfc Ch Fg (Thm Pd) Th cm pd x Thm b pc cmp wh Pcfc Ch fg (Pdc g) bd. Th y mphb y 1-2 ch g d m f g, hgh hy c b bz,, ddh gy. Thy hv chcc kk-k bb c h y my cgz fm mv dck. Th fg k pd k h Thm bc bg pc wh h w d p bf h d f mm p cp h mb f ky pd. Lk f gg m h h w d pg Pcfc Ch fg gg m k k b f chd vg h pd. 4. Yw-yd E (Cv Gch) Cv Gch ypc xmp f dwd f, d g pc fd yw-yd (E chchz xhpc). Th md hv d bw bck d g-h b, w b f yw h y. Thy fy m, y ch g fm v, d vy cmm cmp. Th yw-yd k mkby k h cmm cmp mphb h gh-kd w. Rgh-kd w vy p d pb h h xmp f B mmmcky, wh pc (h ) vv k k xc pc (h w) vd pd. 5. Rgh-kd Nw Lv (Abm) Bhd h Abm h h m, vgw pd h bh Pcfc Ch fg (Pdc g) d gh-kd w (Tch g) bd. I fc, h pp b f h y bdg f gh-kd w cmp. Rgh-kd w ypcy bd fm Dcmb Jy, d hy y y gg m. Lk f h v h pd hy c wh y f bck p, d c b p 3 ch g. Th v f bg h hd, d h g, fy g. 6. Rgh-kd Nw (Lw G Mdw) Th gh-kd w (Tch g) h cmp md, d y ky hm h w G Mdw, by h Abm, wh h w bd m pd. Ad gh-

63 kd w bw h p d g h by, d bgh yw pch hghgh h y. Thy k vy m h ywyd fd cmp, xcp h h k f w gh, cmpd h mh k f h. Th my pbby ccdc, bc h w xmy xc. A w w w y h pd f h xcy by cg y d chg hd d v bck h dfv p cd k fx d hw ff h w g by wg g. 7. Pcfc Ch Fg (Mm Mdw) If y wk g h d d hgh Mm Mdw h y y cm c m pd wh Pcfc Ch fg (Pdc g) ky bd. Th y mphb y 1-2 ch g d m f g, hgh hy c b bz,, ddh gy. Thy hv chcc kk-k bb c h y my cgz fm mv dck. Th fg k pd k h Mm Mdw bc bg pc wh h w d p bf h d f mm p cp h mb f ky pd. Lk f gg m h h w d pg Pcfc Ch fg gg m k k b f chd vg h pd. REPTILES 1. Nh Pcfc Rk (Lw Mh Fd) Ahgh ghg f h pcfc k (C g) hv b pd y cmp, hy ccy fd x d Wd Rch. Rk k hb g h bd f gd d mxd vg f, ch h Lw Mh Fd. Th k hd h vg d h m mmm, cdg d d bh bb, by mbhg hm. Thy hv hghy p vm d y hd v mp hd k. Ahgh y my hk f k -md p, fm h pcfc k k c f h yg h bb f hddg. 2. W Skk (Upp Cmp Chp) Hv y v zd wh bgh b hg d cmp? Jv w kk (Pd k) b wh b hp hm vv f pd hg h yg zd my b m fcd by h h h bdy. Th kk c h bk h ff d -gw h. Th vy gy cy, b b h g y f! W kk k hb h mxd vg, chp d gd wh h w by. Thy cy d k d f w d h h. A k k, kk h g chfy f chmcp fd py d m.