C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E. Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo (Nee Tsiako)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E. Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo (Nee Tsiako)"

Transcription

1 C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E Linah Kelebogile Mohohlo (Nee Tsiako) PERSONAL DETAILS Date of Birth : February 13, 1952 Nationality : Botswana Address : Private Bag 154 Gaborone Botswana Telephone - (267) (Office) (267) (Home) - lmohohlo@gmail.com EDUCATION 1992 : Executive Management Yale University, New Haven, USA 1990 : MA Finance and Investments, University of Exeter, UK 1985 : BA Economics, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA 1983 : Diploma, Accounting and Business Studies, University of Botswana 1981 : Certificate, Accounting and Business Studies, University of Botswana 1974 : Secretarial Diploma, Botswana Institute of Administration & Commerce WORK EXPERIENCE Bank of Botswana 1999 to date : Governor : Deputy Governor : International Monetary Fund (Secondment) : Director, Financial Markets Department : Deputy Director, Research Department : Deputy Director, Human Resources Department : Board Secretary

2 : Personal Assistant to Deputy Governor & later Governor : Norman & Dawbarn (Architects) Secretary : Anglo American Corporation (now Debswana Diamond Mining Company - partnership between De Beers Mining Company & Botswana Government) Secretary : Registry Clerk : Botswana Government Radio Botswana (Programme Officer) WORK EXPERIENCE HIGHLIGHTS Appointed Governor by His Excellency the President of Botswana in October Appointed one of two Deputy Governors by His Excellency the President of Botswana in 1997, responsible for the Financial Markets, Research, Banking and Human Resources Departments. In charge of reserves management, domestic market operations, monetary, exchange rate, banking and financial policies formulation/implementation, as well as the administration and human resource functions of the Bank. Seconded to the International Monetary Fund in Washington DC ( ), and worked in the African Department and Monetary and Capital Markets Department; participated in surveillance and technical assistance missions to a number of IMF member countries. Appointed Director when the Financial Markets Department was established in 1989, responsible for the management/investment of the country s foreign exchange reserves and for domestic market operations. This entailed, among others, developing the reserves management infrastructure and template, viz, investment policies and guidelines (which include performance benchmarks), thus establishing the front and back offices (market analysis, trading in money, foreign exchange and bond markets, settlement of trades and related accounting). Instrumental in establishing the country s long term fund, Pula Fund, in 1994, that is akin to a Sovereign Wealth Fund. Chairman of the Bank s Investment Committee since Established a template for external fund manager search/appointment for geographically diversified fixed income and equity mandates and portfolios; the Bank has more than 10 fund managers (Fixed Income and Equity portfolios). Also responsible for implementing the exchange rate policy. In addition to undertaking research on economic and financial policy issues (money and credit, interest rates, balance of payments, public finance, public debt, exchange rates, prices and incomes, employment, etc), the position of Deputy Director of Research Department (now Monetary and Financial Stability Department) involved analysing economic and financial developments in international markets, 2

3 with a view to forming an investment strategy for the foreign exchange reserves (until 1989 when the Financial Markets Department was established). The position of Deputy Director of Administration Department (now Human Resources Department) at the time involved responsibility for manpower planning, recruitment/retention, budget, security and administrative matters, to ensure the efficient and effective operation of the Bank. In addition to being a link between the Board and Senior Management of the Bank, the Board Secretary s responsibilities included the preparation of the agenda for Board meetings, coordination, preparation and circulation of Board papers and taking minutes of Board and Executive Committee (weekly) meetings. The job also included the Bank s public relations function. The position of Assistant to Governor provided administrative and logistical support to the Governor and Deputy Governor to enable them to devote attention to the strategic and planning aspects of their responsibilities. The Clerical and Secretarial exposure at Radio Botswana, Debswana Mining Company, Norman & Dawbarn and Bank of Botswana provided invaluable experience. NATIONAL DUTY AND AWARDS 1992 : Only citizen and resident member of the four-person Presidential Commission of Inquiry into the Operations of Botswana Housing Corporation (BHC), which was bedevilled by corruption, financial irregularity and maladministration (Report issued in 1992) : Executive Woman of the Year (Botswana) : Member of the Ministerial Task Force for the Development of a National Policy on Small Medium and Micro Enterprises (Report issued in 1998) : Appointed Eminent Person by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to oversee the evaluation of the United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa in the 1990s (UN-NADAF - Report issued in 2002) : Central Banker of the Year (2001) for Africa and The Middle East; awarded by the Financial Times Magazine, The Banker (See Volume 152, No. 911) : Central Bank Governor of the Year (2003) for Africa; awarded by Euromoney (at IMF/World Bank annual meetings in Dubai) : Botswana s Vanguard Woman Leader; awarded by USA Embassy in Botswana : Member of Commission for Africa chaired by former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, to address Africa s plight and ensure continued support for the 3

4 G8 Action Plan for Africa (Report, Our Common Interest, published in February 2005) : Presidential Order of Honour; awarded by His Excellency President of Botswana in recognition of efficient and devoted service (Highest public service honour) : Africa Leadership Award; by African Times, Beverly Hills, California : Banking Regulator of the Year; by African Banker (awarded at 2007 annual meetings of IMF/World Bank) : Member of Africa Progress Panel chaired by former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan : Central Bank Governor of the Year (2008) for Africa; awarded by Euromoney (at 2008 annual meetings of IMF/World Bank) : Appointed by UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, to the Investment Committee of United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund : Lifetime Achievement Award; Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum. 2011: Co-Chair, World Economic Forum for Africa 2011/12: Ranked among 20 Most Powerful Women in Africa; Forbes Africa 2012/13: Member of The Lancet Commission on Investing in Health, which points to the possibility of achieving gains in global health by : Member of Bretton Woods Committee 2014 : Member and Chairman of the United Nations High-Level Panel of Experts on Recosting 2014 : Central Bank Governor of the Year Award for Africa; African Development Bank. 2015: Member of International Review Panel appointed by President Kikwete of Tanzania to review implementation of key results areas of the country s Development Vision 2025 PUBLICATIONS 1993, Tranching of Botswana s Foreign Exchange Reserves, Bank of Botswana Research Bulletin, Bank of Botswana, Volume 11, No , Central Banks as Protectors of National Wealth Botswana s Case, Salomon Brothers Central Bank Research Bulletin (UK Publication), No. 6, and as a chapter 4

5 in Aspects of the Botswana Economy: Selected Papers, James Currey Publishers, Oxford 1996, Liberalisation of Exchange Systems in Eastern and Southern Africa, Bank of Botswana Research Bulletin (Special Edition for the Bank s 20th Anniversary: ), Volume 14, No , Coordination of Fiscal and Monetary Policies, Seminar papers, Macroeconomic and Financial Management Institute, Swaziland 1999, Policy Issues on Reserves Management, Institutional Investor (International Edition), Volume XXIV, No , The Management of Capital Inflows, Bank of Botswana Research Bulletin, Volume 17, No , Traditional Reserves and Commodity Revenue: the Case of Botswana, Sovereign Wealth Management chapter in book published by Blackrock, Inc & The World Bank 2008, Selecting and Managing External Fund Managers, New Perspectives on Sovereign Asset Management chapter in book published by Central Banking Publications Ltd 2009, Reflections on the Governance Issues of the Bretton Woods Institutions, The Accra Agenda: Central Banking and the Millennium Development Goals (Book Chapter) 2013, Prudent Management of the Economy avoids the Resource Curse Botswana s Case (Published in Anglo American magazine, Optima) 2014, A Change in Mindset is needed if Aid is to Remain Relevant, chapter in The Donor s Dilemma: Convergence and the Future of Foreign Aid - edited by Andy Summer and Tom Kirk BOARD MEMBERSHIPS Bank of Botswana - Chairman (1999 to date) Bank of Botswana Pension Fund - Chairman (1999 to date) Association of African Central Banks (Southern Africa Region) - Chairman ( ) International Monetary Fund - Board Member representing Botswana (1999 to date) International Monetary & Financial Committee (IMFC) - Member representing IMF Africa Group 1 Constituency (22 Anglophone Sub-Saharan African countries) ( ) Botswana Institute of Development Policy Analysis - Deputy Chairman ( ) University of Botswana Foundation - Deputy Chairman (2000 to date) Air Botswana - Deputy Chairman ( ) 5

6 Debswana Diamond Company Director (1998 to date) Botswana Diamond Valuing Company - Board Member ( ) Diamond Trading Company Botswana (DTCB) - Board Member (2008 to date) Non-Bank Financial Institutions Regulatory Authority - Board Member (2007 to date) New Partnership for Africa s Development Advisory Board - Member ( ) Botswana Economic Advisory Council - Member ( ) Diamond Empowerment Fund - Board Member (2008 to date) United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund Investment Committee - Member (2008 to date) World Economic Forum s Global Agenda Council (GAC) on Poverty Reduction (Chairman 2009/2010); GAC on Africa (Chairman (2011/12);) GAC on Illicit Economy and GAC on Geo-economics ( ) Investment Climate Facility for Africa - Trustee (2011 to date) Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (2012 to date) OTHER ACTIVITIES Attended courses, seminars and/or conferences over the years in Botswana and abroad on economics, finance, investments, central banking and management. Authored, presented and published papers/book chapters on a variety of topics, viz, economics, finance, reserves management, central banking and governance. EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES Botswana Society - Member HOBBIES Tennis, reading and listening to choral/classical/opera music 6

Investment Policy Statement Employees Provident Fund

Investment Policy Statement Employees Provident Fund Investment Policy Statement Employees Provident Fund 1. Purpose of the Investment Policy Statement This Investment Policy Statement (IPS) sets forth the process that Employees Provident Fund has adopted

More information

GREEN BONDS. World Bank 2011 CMTA. Panel: Socially Responsible Investing

GREEN BONDS. World Bank 2011 CMTA. Panel: Socially Responsible Investing World Bank GREEN BONDS 2011 CMTA Panel: Socially Responsible Investing George Richardson Head of Capital Markets The World Bank Treasury 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 USA treasury.worldbank.org/greenbonds

More information

(Intercontinental CityStars Hotel, Cairo, Egypt, May 9 11, 2016) -------------------------

(Intercontinental CityStars Hotel, Cairo, Egypt, May 9 11, 2016) ------------------------- ASSOCIATION OF AFRICAN CENTRAL BANKS (AACB) -------------------------------------- AACB 2016 CONTINENTAL SEMINAR ON THE THEME: FINANCIAL STABILITY- NEW CHALLENGES FOR CENTRAL BANKS (Intercontinental CityStars

More information

International Monetary and Financial Committee

International Monetary and Financial Committee International Monetary and Financial Committee Twenty-Ninth Meeting April 12, 2014 Statement by Ms. Jutta Urpilainen, Minister of Finance, Finland On behalf of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia,

More information

WIPO LIST OF NEUTRALS BIOGRAPHICAL DATA. Telephone: +233 21 300 476/239373 Fax: +233 21 300 476 E-mail: drskba@ghana.com

WIPO LIST OF NEUTRALS BIOGRAPHICAL DATA. Telephone: +233 21 300 476/239373 Fax: +233 21 300 476 E-mail: drskba@ghana.com ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION CENTER WIPO LIST OF NEUTRALS BIOGRAPHICAL DATA Samuel K.B. ASANTE S.K.B. Asante & Associates P.O. Box GP 18615 Accra Ghana Telephone: +233 21 300 476/239373 Fax: +233 21 300 476

More information

Introduction. Regional Economic Update and Policy Challenges

Introduction. Regional Economic Update and Policy Challenges Joint Statement of the 2 nd ASEAN Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting (AFMGM), Vientiane, Lao PDR, 4 April 2016 Theme: Turning Vision into Reality for a Dynamic ASEAN Community Introduction

More information

Islamic Finance in Africa

Islamic Finance in Africa Islamic Finance in Africa Rundheersing Bheenick Governor Bank of Mauritius 2 nd Islamic Finance Conference Doha, 10 October 2011 1 Islamic Finance in Africa Contents The Global Islamic Finance Industry

More information

The Financial Returns from Oil and Natural Gas Company Stocks Held by American College and University Endowments. Robert J. Shapiro and Nam D.

The Financial Returns from Oil and Natural Gas Company Stocks Held by American College and University Endowments. Robert J. Shapiro and Nam D. The Financial Returns from Oil and Natural Gas Company Stocks Held by American College and University Endowments Robert J. Shapiro and Nam D. Pham December 2012 Table of Contents I. Executive Summary..

More information

BANK OF GUYANA JOB SPECIFICATION DIRECTOR. Doctoral Degree in Economics or Finance and at least three (3) years relevant

BANK OF GUYANA JOB SPECIFICATION DIRECTOR. Doctoral Degree in Economics or Finance and at least three (3) years relevant BANK OF GUYANA JOB SPECIFICATION Doctoral Degree in E DIRECTOR Doctoral Degree in Economics or Finance and at least three (3) years relevant experience at a senior level or Masters Degree in Economics,

More information

Governor's Statement No. 34 October 9, 2015. Statement by the Hon. BARRY WHITESIDE, Governor of the Bank and the Fund for the REPUBLIC OF FIJI

Governor's Statement No. 34 October 9, 2015. Statement by the Hon. BARRY WHITESIDE, Governor of the Bank and the Fund for the REPUBLIC OF FIJI Governor's Statement No. 34 October 9, 2015 Statement by the Hon. BARRY WHITESIDE, Governor of the Bank and the Fund for the REPUBLIC OF FIJI Statement by the Hon. Mr. Barry Whiteside, Governor of the

More information

Hub and Spoke Interconnectivity Model for SADC Exchanges

Hub and Spoke Interconnectivity Model for SADC Exchanges Hub and Spoke Interconnectivity Model for SADC Exchanges Vipin Mahabirsingh Managing Director, CDS Mauritius Chairman, Interconnectivity PSC Committee of SADC Stock Exchanges (CoSSE) 1 Committee of SADC

More information

GFS in AFRICA. Meeting of the IMF Government Finance Statistics Advisory Committee Washington, D.C. GFSAC 15/05

GFS in AFRICA. Meeting of the IMF Government Finance Statistics Advisory Committee Washington, D.C. GFSAC 15/05 GFSAC 15/05 Meeting of the IMF Government Finance Statistics Advisory Committee Washington, D.C. GFS in AFRICA March 9 10, 2015 Prepared by Majdeline El Rayess, Alberto Jiménez de Lucio, and Viera Karolova

More information

DEBT MANAGEMENT ADVICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

DEBT MANAGEMENT ADVICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES DEBT MANAGEMENT ADVICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ADVISORY SERVICES TRAINING AND OUTREACH RESEARCH AND RESOURCES THE WORLD BANK 1818 H STREET, NW WASHINGTON, DC, 20433 USA DEBT MANAGEMENT ADVICE AND SUPPORT

More information

A full report of our recent meeting will be distributed to all the delegations. Let me briefly summarize some of the most salient conclusions.

A full report of our recent meeting will be distributed to all the delegations. Let me briefly summarize some of the most salient conclusions. Statement by the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC, Dr. José Antonio Ocampo, in the name of Regional Commissions of the United Nations It is a great

More information

The Motives, Outcomes and Opportunities of Accessing Local African Debt Markets

The Motives, Outcomes and Opportunities of Accessing Local African Debt Markets REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA The Motives, Outcomes and Opportunities of Accessing Local African Debt Markets Fourth Annual African Central Banks Conference Hon. Carl-Hermann G Schlettwein Minister of Trade and

More information

Investment Management Services. Botswana

Investment Management Services. Botswana Investment Management Services Botswana 01 STANLIB Investment Management Services 02 STANLIB Botswana Money Market Fund 03 STANLIB Botswana Managed Prudential Fund 04 STANLIB Botswana Equity Fund 05 General

More information

Occasional Paper on Review of Main Debt Management Activities March 2013 February 2014

Occasional Paper on Review of Main Debt Management Activities March 2013 February 2014 TFFS 14/02 Meeting of the Task Force on Finance Statistics World Bank Headquarters, Washington DC, USA March 13 14, 2014 Occasional Paper on Review of Main Debt Management Activities March 2013 February

More information

Sixteenth Meeting of the IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics Washington D.C., December 1 5, 2003

Sixteenth Meeting of the IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics Washington D.C., December 1 5, 2003 BOPCOM-03/23 Sixteenth Meeting of the IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics Washington D.C., December 1 5, 2003 The Statistical Treatment of Unit Trusts Prepared by the South African Reserve

More information

Edith Kennedy, Manager: USB Alumni Relations

Edith Kennedy, Manager: USB Alumni Relations Edith Kennedy, Manager: USB Alumni Relations University of Stellenbosch Business School DBA and MBA; MPhil degrees in Development Finance, Futures Studies and Management Coaching; Postgraduate Diplomas

More information

Mr Friday Ndhlovu, LuSE Chairman s Speech. Media Breakfast on the Capital Market Week. Taj Pamodzi Hotel, 17 th February, 2014

Mr Friday Ndhlovu, LuSE Chairman s Speech. Media Breakfast on the Capital Market Week. Taj Pamodzi Hotel, 17 th February, 2014 Ladies and gentlemen in the media Mr Friday Ndhlovu, LuSE Chairman s Speech Media Breakfast on the Capital Market Week Taj Pamodzi Hotel, 17 th February, 2014 I am delighted to address you and through

More information

EXCHANGE INSIGHTS: Dr Ibrahim Turhan Chairman & CEO Borsa Istanbul

EXCHANGE INSIGHTS: Dr Ibrahim Turhan Chairman & CEO Borsa Istanbul EXCHANGE INSIGHTS: Dr Ibrahim Turhan Chairman & CEO Borsa Istanbul February 2015 Federation of Euro-Asian Stock Exchanges (FEAS); Board Member Member of the World Economic Forum s Global Agenda Council

More information

ROLE OF THE PUBLIC SERVICE AS AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS.

ROLE OF THE PUBLIC SERVICE AS AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS. ROLE OF THE PUBLIC SERVICE AS AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE IN THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS. QUESTION ONE. Good practice and your views regarding the organization, training

More information

Commonwealth Secretariat Response. to the DFID Multilateral Aid Review Update

Commonwealth Secretariat Response. to the DFID Multilateral Aid Review Update Commonwealth Secretariat Response to the DFID Multilateral Aid Review Update Summary The Commonwealth Secretariat recognises that the United Kingdom contribution to the Commonwealth Fund for Technical

More information

Communiqué. G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting 14-15 April 2016, Washington D.C.

Communiqué. G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting 14-15 April 2016, Washington D.C. Communiqué G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting 14-15 April 2016, Washington D.C. 1. The global recovery continues and the financial markets have recovered most of the ground lost earlier

More information

ASPECTS OF IMF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE BOARD ISSUES PAPER FOR AN EVALUATION BY THE INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OFFICE (IEO)

ASPECTS OF IMF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE BOARD ISSUES PAPER FOR AN EVALUATION BY THE INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OFFICE (IEO) ASPECTS OF IMF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INCLUDING THE ROLE OF THE BOARD ISSUES PAPER FOR AN EVALUATION BY THE INDEPENDENT EVALUATION OFFICE (IEO) August 14, 2007 3 I. BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF EVALUATION 1.

More information

Common Understanding - The role of the IMF in the Poorest Countries

Common Understanding - The role of the IMF in the Poorest Countries ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL COMMITTEE Brussels, 2 September 2002 EFC/ECFIN/352/02 Common Understanding - The role of the IMF in the Poorest Countries The main objective of the IMF is to promote macro-economic

More information

Republic of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Institute of Public Administration and Management (ZIPAM) ByDr. Callistus Dingiswayo Ndlovu, Director General, ZIPAM

Republic of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Institute of Public Administration and Management (ZIPAM) ByDr. Callistus Dingiswayo Ndlovu, Director General, ZIPAM Republic of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Institute of Public Administration and Management (ZIPAM) ByDr. Callistus Dingiswayo Ndlovu, Director General, ZIPAM Zimbabwe 2002 1. Background The Zimbabwe Institute of

More information

1. Title: Support for International Development Research

1. Title: Support for International Development Research Ministry of Foreign Affairs TAS File no.: 104.C.110.b. Internal Grant Committee Meeting 2 April 2014 Agenda Item no.: 2 1. Title: Support for International Development Research 2. Partners: African Economic

More information

Working together for global debt justice

Working together for global debt justice Working together for global debt justice The choice facing us at the referendum on Scotland s future is the most important decision of our lifetimes. The decision we make will have significant consequences

More information

Funds Management Governance Framework

Funds Management Governance Framework Funds Management Governance Framework DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE BANK OF CANADA October 2007 Table of Contents Purpose 2 CHAPTER 1 Funds Management Objectives 4 TABLE OF ANNEXES 32 - Financial Asset and Liability

More information

Country brief. Togo. Pierre AWADE & Akèdaguè ADJOUSSI Ministry of Planning. October 2014. Contacts: pierreawade@hotmail.com / akedague@gmail.

Country brief. Togo. Pierre AWADE & Akèdaguè ADJOUSSI Ministry of Planning. October 2014. Contacts: pierreawade@hotmail.com / akedague@gmail. Country brief Togo Pierre AWADE & Akèdaguè ADJOUSSI Ministry of Planning October 2014 Contacts: pierreawade@hotmail.com / akedague@gmail.com A. Introduction and Purpose of the Brief In the framework of

More information

Corporate Governance for Raising Corporate Value

Corporate Governance for Raising Corporate Value A Message from the Chairman Corporate Governance for Raising Corporate Value Teruo Asada Chairman of the Board In accordance with its Company Creed of Fairness, Innovation and Harmony, the Marubeni Group

More information

Numbered 2010/11 Prime Ministry Circular about Istanbul International Finance Center Administrative Structure was published in the Official Gazette

Numbered 2010/11 Prime Ministry Circular about Istanbul International Finance Center Administrative Structure was published in the Official Gazette Numbered 2010/11 Prime Ministry Circular about Istanbul International Finance Center Administrative Structure was published in the Official Gazette dated May 1, 2010 and numbered 27568. UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION

More information

Statement by the Hon. STEFAN INGVES, Governor of the Fund for SWEDEN, on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic Countries

Statement by the Hon. STEFAN INGVES, Governor of the Fund for SWEDEN, on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic Countries Governor Statement No. 25 September 23, 2011 Statement by the Hon. STEFAN INGVES, Governor of the Fund for SWEDEN, on behalf of the Nordic and Baltic Countries Statement by the Hon. Stefan Ingves, Governor

More information

Prudential Standards, Guidelines and Rating System for SADC DFIs 2013 Results

Prudential Standards, Guidelines and Rating System for SADC DFIs 2013 Results Prudential Standards, Guidelines and Rating System for SADC DFIs 2013 Results Dr Herrick Mpuku Programmes Manager Development Finance Resource Centre Chief Executive Officers Forum Gaborone, Botswana 5

More information

Corporate and Investment Banking. Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing Solutions for Sellers

Corporate and Investment Banking. Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing Solutions for Sellers Corporate and Investment Banking Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing Solutions for Sellers Standard Bank your trade partner in, for and across Africa Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing

More information

advisory council INVESTMENT LEADERS SUPPORTING REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN AFRICA An initiative supported by:

advisory council INVESTMENT LEADERS SUPPORTING REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN AFRICA An initiative supported by: advisory council INVESTMENT LEADERS SUPPORTING REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN AFRICA An initiative supported by: Executive Summary: Investment Leader s Supporting Regional Economic Integration in Africa

More information

SIERRA LEONE UPDATES FROM THE INSTANBUL PRIORITY AREAS OF ACTION

SIERRA LEONE UPDATES FROM THE INSTANBUL PRIORITY AREAS OF ACTION SIERRA LEONE UPDATES FROM THE INSTANBUL PRIORITY AREAS OF ACTION 1 OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Recent Developments Istanbul Priority Areas of Action Poverty Levels Agenda for Prosperity Challenges Conclusion

More information

G20/OECD HIGH-LEVEL PRINCIPLES OF LONG-TERM INVESTMENT FINANCING BY INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS

G20/OECD HIGH-LEVEL PRINCIPLES OF LONG-TERM INVESTMENT FINANCING BY INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS G20/OECD HIGH-LEVEL PRINCIPLES OF LONG-TERM INVESTMENT FINANCING BY INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS July 2013 This document contains the eighth version of the G20/OECD High-Level Principles on Long-Term Investment

More information

Director General Martin Skancke, Asset Management Department, Norwegian Ministry of Finance 1

Director General Martin Skancke, Asset Management Department, Norwegian Ministry of Finance 1 Statement by Director General Martin Skancke, Asset Management Department, Norwegian Ministry of Finance 1 Before The subcommittee on Domestic and International Monetary Policy, Trade and Technology and

More information

Biographies. Blair Anderson. Paul Catt-Camfield FINANCIAL ADVISER SERVICES

Biographies. Blair Anderson. Paul Catt-Camfield FINANCIAL ADVISER SERVICES FINANCIAL ADVISER SERVICES Blair Anderson Senior Associate Blair is part of Dimensional s financial adviser services business in Europe. In his role as senior associate, Blair works closely with regional

More information

About the Authors...

About the Authors... About the Authors... STEPHEN H. AXILROD is a global economic consultant, working on monetary policy, banking, market, and debt management issues for the OECD, IMF, World Bank, private clients, and several

More information

THE PROCESS OF PLANNING AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY: THE CASE OF UGANDA.

THE PROCESS OF PLANNING AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY: THE CASE OF UGANDA. THE PROCESS OF PLANNING AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY: THE CASE OF UGANDA. By Margaret Kakande Poverty Analyst Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development, Government

More information

EDWARD K. KWAKWA 27 Chemin Marc Emery 1239 Collex, Switzerland Tel: (+41 22) 338 9676/788 0478 E-mail: edward.kwakwa@wipo.int

EDWARD K. KWAKWA 27 Chemin Marc Emery 1239 Collex, Switzerland Tel: (+41 22) 338 9676/788 0478 E-mail: edward.kwakwa@wipo.int EDWARD K. KWAKWA 27 Chemin Marc Emery 1239 Collex, Switzerland Tel: (+41 22) 338 9676/788 0478 E-mail: edward.kwakwa@wipo.int EXPERIENCE: World Intellectual Property Organization, Geneva, Switzerland,

More information

FINANCIAL INCLUSION, REGULATION AND STABILITY: KENYAN EXPERIENCE AND PERSPECTIVE

FINANCIAL INCLUSION, REGULATION AND STABILITY: KENYAN EXPERIENCE AND PERSPECTIVE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT MULTI-YEAR EXPERT MEETING ON TRADE, SERVICES AND DEVELOPMENT Geneva, 11 13 May 2015 FINANCIAL INCLUSION, REGULATION AND STABILITY: KENYAN EXPERIENCE AND

More information

Strengthening Debt Management in Jamaica

Strengthening Debt Management in Jamaica Strategic Planning and Evaluation Impact Assessment No.2 \ April 2015 Strengthening Debt Management in Jamaica Background to the impact assessment Evaluations in the Commonwealth Secretariat are designed

More information

Child Rights Governance

Child Rights Governance Child Rights Governance Policy brief: Overcoming the debt trap and promoting responsible borrowing to improve investment on children Introduction Borrowing is one way of financing public investments in

More information

Botswana. CFOReport. We ve climbed mountains. Now we re ready to do it again.

Botswana. CFOReport. We ve climbed mountains. Now we re ready to do it again. Botswana 2014 CFOReport We ve climbed mountains. Now we re ready to do it again. Deloitte conducts its CFO surveys each year to provide a better understanding of the current mind-set of financial stewards

More information

Economic and Social Council

Economic and Social Council United Nations African Union Economic and Social Council African Union E/ECA/CM/48/6 Economic Commission for Africa Conference of African Ministers of Finance, Planning and Economic Development Forty-eighth

More information

BUSINESS FINANCING IN TANZANIA (CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES)

BUSINESS FINANCING IN TANZANIA (CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES) BUSINESS FINANCING IN TANZANIA (CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES) 1 The Agenda Why long term financing? The current status and existing alternatives Challenges of raising long term capital in Tanzania Capital

More information

Corporate and Investment Banking. Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing Solutions for Buyers

Corporate and Investment Banking. Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing Solutions for Buyers Corporate and Investment Banking Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing Solutions for Buyers Standard Bank your trade partner in, for and across Africa Open Account Trade and Supply Chain Financing

More information

University of British Columbia Endowment Responsible Investment Policy version 2.0

University of British Columbia Endowment Responsible Investment Policy version 2.0 University of British Columbia Endowment Responsible Investment Policy version 2.0 The first version of this policy was approved on June 4, 2013. This second version has been in development since July

More information

The World Bank Group. World Bank and IMF: Differences. World Bank and IMF: Differences. What Does the World Bank Do?

The World Bank Group. World Bank and IMF: Differences. World Bank and IMF: Differences. What Does the World Bank Do? The World Bank Group Axel Dreher Konjunkturforschungsstelle Swiss Institute for Business Cycle Research What is the World Bank? Founded in 1944, the Bank is the world s largest source of development assistance

More information

INAUGURAL LECTURE TOPIC: IS SADC AN OPTIMUM CURRENCY AREA? J. Hinaunye Eita,

INAUGURAL LECTURE TOPIC: IS SADC AN OPTIMUM CURRENCY AREA? J. Hinaunye Eita, 1 INAUGURAL LECTURE TOPIC: IS SADC AN OPTIMUM CURRENCY AREA? J. Hinaunye Eita, PhD (Pretoria); M.Com (Cape Town); B.Com Honours (Cape Town); B.Com (Namibia) (Professor: Economics) School of Economics and

More information

Investment Products. www.britam.com BritamEA BritamEA

Investment Products. www.britam.com BritamEA BritamEA Investment Products www.britam.com BritamEA BritamEA About Britam Holdings Limited Britam is a diversified financial services group listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The group has interests across

More information

JANUARY 2015 VACANCIES

JANUARY 2015 VACANCIES Macroeconomic and Financial Management Institute of Eastern and Southern Africa JANUARY 2015 VACANCIES 1) Information Technology Officer 2) Human Resources Officer 3) Programme Officer Macroeconomic Management

More information

Commissioner for Victoria to the Americas. USA +1 415 856 0552 xtn103 or michael.kapel@ecodev.vic.gov.a

Commissioner for Victoria to the Americas. USA +1 415 856 0552 xtn103 or michael.kapel@ecodev.vic.gov.a Government of Victoria, Australia Administration Manager, Americas Region Economic Development Office, San Francisco The position of Administration Manager, Americas forms a part of the Victorian Government

More information

Amberfield unit 8, 50 West Road South, Morningside, Johannesburg, South Africa Phone: +27 82 900 3143(cell); email: szinn@iafrica.

Amberfield unit 8, 50 West Road South, Morningside, Johannesburg, South Africa Phone: +27 82 900 3143(cell); email: szinn@iafrica. PROFESSOR SHIRLEY ZINN - 1 CURRICULUM VITAE Amberfield unit 8, 50 West Road South, Morningside, Johannesburg, South Africa Phone: +27 82 900 3143(cell); email: szinn@iafrica.com PROFILE Well-seasoned,

More information

Biographies OAS POLICY ROUNDTABLE: Scholars, Policymakers and International Affairs: Finding Common Cause

Biographies OAS POLICY ROUNDTABLE: Scholars, Policymakers and International Affairs: Finding Common Cause Biographies OAS POLICY ROUNDTABLE: Scholars, Policymakers and International Affairs: Finding Common Cause Thursday, November 6 th, 2014 Hall of the Americas, Organization of American States 17 th Street

More information

Santander Asset Management Focus on LATAM. Sao Paulo, May 2011

Santander Asset Management Focus on LATAM. Sao Paulo, May 2011 Santander Asset Management Focus on LATAM Sao Paulo, May 2011 2 Santander Asset Management advise that this presentation contains representations regarding forecasts and estimates. Said forecasts and estimates

More information

University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri. Education Specialist in Higher Education Administration, 1994.

University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri. Education Specialist in Higher Education Administration, 1994. MARY JONES MARYJONES@MNU.EDU EDUCATION: University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri. Ph.D. in Educational Administration Higher Education, 1998. Dissertation: The Relationship between Selected

More information

BNP Paribas Official Institutions Programme of events 2015I 1. WELCOME to the BNP Paribas Official Institutions Training and Conference agenda

BNP Paribas Official Institutions Programme of events 2015I 1. WELCOME to the BNP Paribas Official Institutions Training and Conference agenda BNP Paribas Official Institutions Programme of events 2015I 1 WELCOME to the BNP Paribas Official Institutions Training and Conference agenda 2015 BNP Paribas Official Institutions Programme of events

More information

Sovereign Debt Management Forum 2014

Sovereign Debt Management Forum 2014 FINANCIAL ADVISORY & BANKING Sovereign Debt Management Forum 2014 Background Note for Breakout Session 4 An asset liability management (ALM) framework can help governments to assess risks in the sovereign

More information

BOTSWANA. Contribution to the 2015 United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Integration Segment

BOTSWANA. Contribution to the 2015 United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Integration Segment BOTSWANA Contribution to the 2015 United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Integration Segment 1 2015 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL (ECOSOC) INTEGRATION SEGMENT: ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

More information

The BMZ initiative for an International Tax Compact. Keynote speech, held at the International Tax Compact Workshop (Brussels, 25-26 January 2010)

The BMZ initiative for an International Tax Compact. Keynote speech, held at the International Tax Compact Workshop (Brussels, 25-26 January 2010) Dr. Ulla Mikota Deputy Director General German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) The BMZ initiative for an International Tax Compact Keynote speech, held at the International

More information

Statement of Investment Policies and Procedures

Statement of Investment Policies and Procedures Effective July 1, 2015 Canadian Cancer Society Statement of Investment Policies and Procedures Background The Society wishes to invest funds in a prudent manner, with appropriate consideration given to

More information

OFFICE OF STATE TREASURER DENISE L. NAPPIER NEWS

OFFICE OF STATE TREASURER DENISE L. NAPPIER NEWS OFFICE OF STATE TREASURER DENISE L. NAPPIER NEWS FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Monday, October 22, 2001 STATEWIDE FINANCIAL EDUCATION INITIATIVE LAUNCHED BY STATE TREASURER, FLEET BANK, NATIONAL SELF-HELP INVESTMENT

More information

Message from the Chair of the Pension Plan Management Committee

Message from the Chair of the Pension Plan Management Committee RBC CANADIAN RETIREMENT PROGRAM Message from the Chair of the Pension Plan Management Committee RBC is committed to supporting you in planning and saving for the future, and the RBC Retirement & Savings

More information

Occasional Paper on Review of Main Debt Management Activities March 2012 February 2013

Occasional Paper on Review of Main Debt Management Activities March 2012 February 2013 TFFS 13/02 Meeting of the Task Force on Finance Statistics The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Headquarters Paris, France March 14 15, 2013 Occasional Paper on Review of Main

More information

CURRICULUM VITAE. 1985-1986: PGDE (Curriculum Development and Evaluation, Kenyatta University).

CURRICULUM VITAE. 1985-1986: PGDE (Curriculum Development and Evaluation, Kenyatta University). CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DETAILS SUR NAME: Chomba M. Wa Munyi OTHER NAMES: ADDRESS: E-MAIL ADDRESS: Murithi Joel 15753-00100 Nairobi, Kenya famdad2000@yahoo.com EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND 2008: Doctor of

More information

15 February 2012. Elizabeth M. Murphy Secretary Securities and Exchange Commission 100 F Street, NE Washington, DC 20549-1090

15 February 2012. Elizabeth M. Murphy Secretary Securities and Exchange Commission 100 F Street, NE Washington, DC 20549-1090 Elizabeth M. Murphy Secretary Securities and Exchange Commission 100 F Street, NE Washington, DC 20549-1090 Re: Prohibitions and Restrictions on Proprietary Trading and Certain Interests in, and Relationships

More information

Investment forum on Phase II of the LHWP. Maseru (Lesotho) 14 July 2014

Investment forum on Phase II of the LHWP. Maseru (Lesotho) 14 July 2014 Investment forum on Phase II of the LHWP Maseru (Lesotho) 14 July 2014 Private and confidential About Standard Lesotho Bank 2 3 4 Standard Bank Overview 5 Key points Full Service Corporate & Investment

More information

1. The Southern African Development Community Integrated Regional Settlement System (SIRESS): What? How? and Why?

1. The Southern African Development Community Integrated Regional Settlement System (SIRESS): What? How? and Why? Contents: 1. Featured Article: The Southern African Development Community Integrated Regional Settlement System (SIRESS): What, How, Why? 2. Featured Definition: Commodities 3. Featured Economic Event:

More information

FROM BILLIONS TO TRILLIONS:

FROM BILLIONS TO TRILLIONS: FROM BILLIONS TO TRILLIONS: MDB Contributions to Financing for Development In 2015, the international community is due to agree on a new set of comprehensive and universal sustainable development goals

More information

MADISON GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY (Z) LIMITED (MGen) EXPORTING INSURANCE SERVICES TO TANZANIA: EXPERIENCE AND CHALLENGES

MADISON GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY (Z) LIMITED (MGen) EXPORTING INSURANCE SERVICES TO TANZANIA: EXPERIENCE AND CHALLENGES MADISON GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY (Z) LIMITED (MGen) EXPORTING INSURANCE SERVICES TO TANZANIA: EXPERIENCE AND CHALLENGES INTRODUCTION Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighboring

More information

Singapore s policy of non-internationalisation of the Singapore dollar and the Asian dollar market

Singapore s policy of non-internationalisation of the Singapore dollar and the Asian dollar market Singapore s policy of non-internationalisation of the Singapore dollar and the Asian dollar market Ong Chong Tee 1. Introduction This paper provides a brief review of Singapore s experience with its policy

More information

Developing Securities Markets in East Africa: Challenging, but Well Worth the Effort

Developing Securities Markets in East Africa: Challenging, but Well Worth the Effort NOVEMBER 2010 ABOUT THE AUTHORS GRACE KIBUTHU (gkibuthu@ifc.org) is an Associate Operations Officer for Global Capital Markets Development, based in Nairobi, Kenya. Prior to joining IFC, she worked for

More information

End of foreign exchange restrictions in South Africa is everything hunky-dory?

End of foreign exchange restrictions in South Africa is everything hunky-dory? Economic Research Allianz Group Dresdner Bank Working Paper No. 29, 3 January 2005 Author: Dr. Ingrid Angermann End of foreign exchange restrictions in South Africa is everything hunky-dory? South Africa

More information

Effective Debt Management. Improving Debt Management Practices Worldwide

Effective Debt Management. Improving Debt Management Practices Worldwide Effective Debt Management Improving Debt Management Practices Worldwide Effective debt management is essential for economic development. As countries develop they confront increasing challenges in managing

More information

2014 Eugene H. Rooney, Jr. Award Nomination Leadership in State Human Resource Management

2014 Eugene H. Rooney, Jr. Award Nomination Leadership in State Human Resource Management 2014 Eugene H. Rooney, Jr. Award Nomination Leadership in State Human Resource Management James A. Honchar, SPHR Deputy Secretary for Human Resources Management Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Governor s

More information

Biography. His book, India s Turn: Understanding the Economic Transformation was published in 2008 by Oxford University Press.

Biography. His book, India s Turn: Understanding the Economic Transformation was published in 2008 by Oxford University Press. Biography Arvind Subramanian, an Indian national, is Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics and the Center for Global Development, and Senior Research Professor, Johns Hopkins University.

More information

The future of UK aid Should the UK give aid as loans?

The future of UK aid Should the UK give aid as loans? Regent s Wharf 8 All Saints Street London N1 9RL United Kingdom +44 (0)20 7837 8344 bond.org.uk Published TBC Registered Charity No. 1068839 Company Registration No. 3395681 (England and Wales) SteersMcGillanEves

More information

Agreement between the Ministry of Finance and Central Bank of Iceland on Treasury debt management

Agreement between the Ministry of Finance and Central Bank of Iceland on Treasury debt management Agreement between the Ministry of Finance and Central Bank of Iceland on Treasury debt management 1. Foundation of the Agreement Under Article 1 of Act No. 43/1990 on the National Debt Management Agency,

More information

Australian Business Deans Council - Journal Ratings List Accounting and Finance (Tier)

Australian Business Deans Council - Journal Ratings List Accounting and Finance (Tier) Australian Business Deans Council - Journal Ratings List Accounting and Finance (Tier) Journal Name ISSN Discipline Area Final Recommended Ranking Accounting Organizations and Society 0361-3682 ACCOUNTING

More information

Solo Practitioner Beverly Hills, California 1989-1998

Solo Practitioner Beverly Hills, California 1989-1998 NINA MARINO 9454 Wilshire Boulevard Suite 500 Beverly Hills, California 90212 Tel: (310) 557-0007 marino@kaplanmarino.com EMPLOYMENT Partner, Kaplan Marino, PC Beverly Hills, California 1998-present Solo

More information

Ethiopian Public Private Consultative Forum (EPPCF)

Ethiopian Public Private Consultative Forum (EPPCF) Ethiopian Public Private Consultative Forum (EPPCF) by Mamo Mihretu, Program Manager-Ethiopia, IFC Investment Climate Advisory Eyob Tekalign Tolina, Manager, Ethiopian Public Private Consultative Forum

More information

U.S. Upper Quartile in Iraq - A Case Study

U.S. Upper Quartile in Iraq - A Case Study Capability Statement Upper Quartile provides creative advice in the most challenging business and economic environments. All of our partners are experienced international development and management professionals

More information

SPEECH FOR THE SIGNING OF BILATERAL AIR SERVICE AGREEMENT (BASA) WITH BOTSWANA, ETHIOPIA AND MAURITIUS IN GABORONE, BOTSWANA

SPEECH FOR THE SIGNING OF BILATERAL AIR SERVICE AGREEMENT (BASA) WITH BOTSWANA, ETHIOPIA AND MAURITIUS IN GABORONE, BOTSWANA REPUBLIC OF BOTSWANA SPEECH FOR THE SIGNING OF BILATERAL AIR SERVICE AGREEMENT (BASA) WITH BOTSWANA, ETHIOPIA AND MAURITIUS IN GABORONE, BOTSWANA BY HONOURABLE NONOFO E. MOLEFHI M.P, MINISTER OF TRANSPORT

More information

Monitoring Private Sector External Debt

Monitoring Private Sector External Debt Monitoring Private Sector External Debt Marlborough House, London September 17-18, 2009 Sponsored by Commonwealth Fund For Technical Co-Operation In collaboration with speakers from Bank of International

More information

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Lamont K. Black DePaul University Email: lblack6@depaul.edu Driehaus College of Business Office: 312.362.5617 Department of Finance Cell: 703.677.7380 1 East Jackson Blvd., Suite 5500 Fax: 312.362.6566

More information

Natural Resource Funds. Norway. Oslo. Norway. Government Pension Fund Global

Natural Resource Funds. Norway. Oslo. Norway. Government Pension Fund Global Oslo Norway Norway Government Pension Fund Global Synopsis Market Value Government Pension Fund Global $670 billion Santiago Compliance Index Resource Governance Index Natural Resource Fund Score Truman

More information

Network Rail Limited (the Company ) Terms of Reference. for. The Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board

Network Rail Limited (the Company ) Terms of Reference. for. The Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board Network Rail Limited (the Company ) Terms of Reference for The Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board Membership 1 The Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee (NCGCom) shall comprise

More information

Capital Market and Financial Sector Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Capital Market and Financial Sector Development in Sub-Saharan Africa Capital Market and Financial Sector Development in Sub-Saharan Africa A Report of the Africa Policy Advisory Panel Author Paul V. Applegarth Chairman Walter H. Kansteiner Executive Secretary J. Stephen

More information

HPF Tool. Template for the Performance and Accountability Statement Second round reviews. Amended December 2012

HPF Tool. Template for the Performance and Accountability Statement Second round reviews. Amended December 2012 HPF Tool Template for the Performance and Accountability Statement Second round reviews Amended December 2012 The High Performance Framework was developed by the Public Sector Performance Commission. This

More information

GROW TOGETHER. GROW BETTER.

GROW TOGETHER. GROW BETTER. MED Confederation GROW TOGETHER. GROW BETTER. MED Confederation GROW TOGETHER. GROW BETTER. OBJECTIVE There is an urgent need to increase collaboration in the Mediterranean region, through creating a common

More information

Strategic Plan for 2013 2016 Leading the Way

Strategic Plan for 2013 2016 Leading the Way for 2013 2016 Leading the Way Table of Contents Page Executive Summary... 3 IFAC s Vision, Mission and Values... 9 The Outcomes IFAC Seeks to Influence... 10 The Environment in Which the Accountancy Profession

More information

JACOBS ENGINEERING GROUP INC. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES

JACOBS ENGINEERING GROUP INC. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES JACOBS ENGINEERING GROUP INC. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES Role of the Board of Directors The primary responsibilities of the Board of Directors of the Company (the Board ) are oversight, counseling

More information

Infrastructure Development Funding and Financing

Infrastructure Development Funding and Financing Infrastructure Development Funding and Financing 09 December 2013 2 Presentation outline 1. Role of infrastructure development 2. Public sector infrastructure investment 3. Funding options i. Recent airport

More information

Making financial markets work for the poor: From theory to praxis

Making financial markets work for the poor: From theory to praxis Making financial markets work for the poor: From theory to praxis BDS Seminar 2005 Turin David Ferrand FSD Kenya Making financial markets work in Kenya 1. Conceptual issues 2. Understanding the market

More information