Assistive Computer Technology For MS-DOS Training Guide

Transcription

1 Assistive Computer Technology For MS-DOS Training Guide High Tech Center Training Unit Of the California Community Colleges at the Foothill-De Anza Community College District McClellan Road Cupertino, CA (408) Rev. 5/3/95.

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3 WordPerfect 5.1 (Dos) Publisher: WordPerfect Corporation 1555 N. Technology Way Orem, Utah (801) System Requirements: PC/MS-DOS machines Description: Retail Cost $ Pull-down menus and mouse support are important new features of WordPerfect 5.1. All major commands can be run from these pull-down menus. Mouse support makes it easier to select a block or menu item, or to scroll the screen. Another new feature is support for easy creation of tables: a user can simply choose the initial number of rows and columns for the table. The mail merge function and label creation are more powerful and easier to use than in prior versions of WordPerfect. Additional features include: center or right justification of text; setting tabs that are relative to a margin (when a margin is changed, tabs move with it); and easily moving families within an outline. A WordPerfect Workbook is included with the software program which introduces new features and techniques for creating and editing documents. An on-line tutorial program is also included which introduces the keyboard and basic word processing skills. Memory requirements: 384K of free memory and a hard drive, or if running on a two disk drive system, each drive must be at least 720K or larger. A hard disk is recommended and installation is relatively simple. Recommended Uses: Students benefit from learning to use this all-purpose word processor in a number of ways. Because WordPerfect is the most widely used word processor in the MS-DOS/PC-DOS environment, students develop potential job skills as they learn to use the program. Students are able to work in mainstream campus computer labs (most of which use WordPerfect) when they know WordPerfect. Students cannot learn assistive technologies in a vacuum; they need a software environment in which to learn these tools, and WordPerfect provides a flexible, versatile environment in which students can learn to manipulate access tools. WordPerfect can be used very simply. As few as thirteen commands provide a student with basic document production skills. ACT for MS-DOS 1

4 Basic Use: Many books and materials are available which lead a new user through the basics of WordPerfect. Information in this guide is not intended to provide indepth instruction, but is designed to provide a very concise list of useful commands. WordPerfect 5.1 may be operated through keyboard commands or through the use of drop-down menu options. It is suggested that beginning students may benefit from using commands to run WordPerfect. In this way, students can use older versions of WordPerfect which did not come with a drop down menu function. It is possible to use a mouse with WordPerfect when the drop down menu is used. Intermediate and Advanced Use: Formatting Text: The following format settings are automatically applied to all new documents: 1. Margins: Left, right, top and bottom margins are set for 1". 2. Line Spacing: Text is single-spaced. 3. Page breaks and page numbering: Page break is automatically inserted after 55 lines. Page numbering is off. 4. Tabs: Tabs are set at.5" (every 5. spaces). About the WordPerfect Reveal Codes Window: WordPerfect does not display formatting commands on screen, but they may be seen in a special window, the Reveal Codes window. Pressing Alt-F3 opens this window on the lower half of the screen. The upper half of the screen displays text at and around the cursor position. The Reveal Codes window displays the same text with the formatting commands which have been selected. Formatting codes and text may be deleted or added in the Reveal Codes window. Format changes to previously formatted text can only be made in the Reveal Codes window. Enter Alt-F3 again to close the Reveal Codes window. 2 ACT for MS-DOS

5 Changing Margins: 1. To set a new left margin, first press Shift-F8, then 1, and then 7. Enter the new starting number for the left margin and then press Enter. 2. To set a new right margin, first press Shift-F8, then 1, and then 7. Enter the new starting number for the right margin and then press Enter. 3. To set a new top margin, first press Shift-F8, then 2, and then 5. Enter the new number for the top margin and then press Enter. 4. To set a new bottom margin, first press Shift-F8, then 2, type the new number for the bottom margin and press Enter. Changing Line Spacing, Justification and Centering Text: 1. To change line spacing, first press Shift-F8, then 1, and then 6. Enter the number of spaces between the lines (2 for double spacing), then press Enter. The Reveal Codes window must be used to change or delete special line spacing. 2. To turn right justification on or off, first press Shift-F8, then 1, and then 3. Press y or n and Enter to turn right justification on or off. 3. To center text on current line, press Shift-F6 and enter text. Changing Page Breaks: 1. To insert a hard page break at the cursor position, press Control- Enter. 2. To remove a hard page break, move the cursor to the beginning of the line just below the break and press Backspace. Changing Page Numbering: 1. Position the cursor on the page at which new numbering is to begin. First press Shift-F8, then 2, and then 6. Enter the new page number and press Enter. Clearing and Setting Tabs: 1. To clear all tabs, first press Shift-F8, then 1, then 8, and then Control- End. 2. To set a single tab stop, first press Shift-F8, then 1, and then 8. Move the cursor to the desired position on the tab ruler and press L (for a standard tab). ACT for MS-DOS 3

6 3. To delete a single tab stop, first press Shift-F8, then 1, and then 8. Move the cursor on the tab ruler to position of the tab to be removed and then press Delete or Backspace. Special Printing Features: 1. To underline text, first press F8 and then enter text. When through entering text to be underlined, press F8 again. Text will change color. To underline text previously entered, use the Reveal Codes window. 2. To boldface text, first press F6 and then enter text. When through entering text to be boldfaced, press F6 again. Appearance of text will change. To boldface text previously entered, use the Reveal Codes window. Creating Headers and Footers: Note: Headers and footers will not be visible on the screen. Use the Reveal Codes (Alt-F3) or View Document (Shift-F7, 6) commands to view the text. 1. To create a header, first press Shift-F8, then 2, and then 3. Select Header A or B, select page placement, enter header text, and then press Enter. 2. To create a footer, first press Shift-F8, then 2, and then 4. Select Footer A or B, select page placement, enter footer text, and then press Enter. Re-formatting Text: When margin settings are changed, all text entered after the line at which the new margin setting was made will conform to new margin setting. Previously entered text below the new margin setting will automatically re-format as the cursor passes through it. Once margin settings (other than default margin settings) are in place, they can only be changed by deleting the old setting in Reveal Codes window and setting new ones. Marking a Block of Text: Place the cursor under the first character of the text to be included in the block and press Alt-F4. Move the cursor with the arrow key through the text to be marked. Stop the cursor on the last character in the block to be marked. Proceed with appropriate block function. To cancel or back out of marking a block, press Alt-F4 again. 4 ACT for MS-DOS

7 Copying a Block of Text Define the block of text with Alt F4. Press Control F4 and select 1 for Block, and then 2 for Copy. The highlighting will disappear on the text; move the cursor to the position where the text will be duplicated and press Enter. Moving a Block of Text Define the block of text with Alt F4. Press Control F4 and select 1 for Block and then 1 for Move. The defined block disappears from the screen. Move the cursor to the position where the text is to be inserted and press Enter. Notes: 1. It is necessary to use a command switch option when using WordPerfect with other access technologies. The Ink option appended to the standard command which loads WordPerfect causes WordPerfect to allow other programs to take over the keyboard. The following example illustrates the use of this option as WordPerfect is loaded. C:>wp/nk S 2. It is necessary to set the WordPerfect cursor speed control to Normal (no enhanced cursor speed). The command key sequences necessary to install this change follow: Shift-Fl to open Setup Menu 3 to select Environment 6 to select Cursor Speed Back out of the menu with F7 Some terminate and stay resident (TSR) programs will not operate within WordPerfect unless this setting is installed. 3. If students who are blind will be using a screen reader with WordPerfect, it is best to change the default status line units of measure to the option which tracks the cursor by row and column. The command sequence for this change is as follows: Shift-Fl to open Setup Menu 3 to select Environment 8 to select Units of Measure 3 to select Status Line Display u to select row and column option ACT for MS-DOS 5

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9 Wordperfect Summary Of Commands To Move Cursor Press right 1 character... Right Arrow right 1 word... Ctrl-Right Arrow right to end of line End left 1 character... Left Arrow left 1 word... Ctrl-Left Arrow left to beginning of line Home-Left Arrow up 1 line... Up Arrow up to top line on screen... Home-Up Arrow up to beginning of document Home Home-Up Arrow down 1 line... Down Arrow down to bottom line on screen Home-Down Arrow down to end of document... Home Home-Down Arrow To Scroll Press up to top of previous page... PgUp down to top of next page... PgDn up to top of current page... Ctrl-Home Up Arrow down to bottom of current page Ctrl-Home Down Arrow To Insert Press Text Ins... a line... (On/Off) Enter To Erase Press 1 character left of cursor... Backspace 1 character above cursor... Delete word at cursor... word to left of cursor... word to right of cursor... from cursor to right end of line... delete page... Ctrl-Backspace Ctrl-Backspace (cursor at space beyond word to be erased) Home-Delete Ctrl-End Ctrl -PgDn S ACT for MS-DOS

10 Changing Text Format Press left or right margin... Shift-F8, 1, 7 top or bottom margin... Shift-F8, 2, 5 right justification... Shift-F8, 1, 5 center text... Shift-F6 line spacing on screen... Shift-F8, 1, 6 paragraph indent...use first tab insert a page break...ctrl-enter omit page numbering...shift-f8, 2, 7 starting page number... Shift-F8, 2, 6 set or clear a tab... Shift-F8, 8 underline text... F8 boldface text... F6 create a header... Shift-F8, 2 create a footer... Shift-F8, 3 Marking and Moving Text Press mark block of text...f12 or Alt F4 delete marked block of text... Backspace move marked block of text... F4, B, M copy marked block of text... F4, B, C Special Functions Press save and continue...f10 save and close... F7, Y, N save and exit... F7, Y, Y cancel and continue... F7, N,N cancel and exit... F7, N, Y view document... Shift-F7 open a window... Ctrl-F3 (shift from window to window)... (F3) access spell check... Ctrl-F2 access thesaurus...alt-fl to print... Shift-F7 8 ACT for MS-DOS

11 Instant Definitions (DOS ) Publisher: Word Science Corporation 1415 Oakland Blvd., Suite 220 Walnut Creek, CA (510) System Requirements: Retail Cost: This program is designed for use on IBM PC/ PC/XT, PC/AT, PS/2, and IBM compatibles. The program requires 4k of. RAM and a hard drive with at least 2.5 MB of available space. Description: Instant Definitions provides immediate access to information from the American Heritage Dictionary (Office Edition) for over 116,000 words, word forms, and phrases. This on-line dictionary allows the user to browse through detailed information which includes multiple definitions, hyphenation, parts of speech, usage notes, synonyms, and sample sentences. It also is possible to get definitions for words appearing in a definition. The program can be used as a stand-alone terminate and stay resident (TSR) program, or it can be configured to work specifically with a particular word processor. It is recommended that the program be configured to work with WordPerfect (versions 5.x). A version for the interim release of WordPerfect 6.0 (text mode only) is projected for release in January Recommended Uses: This program is especially useful for persons needing definitions for words appearing on the spell check suggestion window of WordPerfect. When installed to run with WordPerfect, Instant Definitions is "smart" about the spell check screen, and it is possible to get a definition for each word suggestion. Basic Use: Easy Use in WordPerfect SpellCheck: Pressing Alt D activates a highlight bar in the spell checker suggestion list. Use the arrow keys to move the highlight bar to a word for which a definition is desired. Tap the Enter key to bring up a definition for that word.

12 Easy Use in WordPerfect Thesaurus: Pressing Alt D activates the highlight bar in the thesaurus window. Move the highlight bar to the desired word and press Enter. To request information about additional words in the thesaurus window, press Escape to remove the Information window, then press the Alt D to repeat the process. Intermediate Use: Standard Operating Commands Once the program is installed and loaded in memory, the following hotkey commands operate the program: Alt D Word Definition This command provides information about the word at the cursor. Alt B Phrase Capture This command is to be used when information is desired for more than one word, e.g., sweat shirt. Alt A Options Menu This displays a menu selection bar at the top of the screen which provides access to every program function except permanent changes or removal from memory within an application program. Commands to Use When Instant Definitions is onscreen and active: Alt B Alt H Alt I Alt S Alt R Notes: Browse dictionary headwords Retrieve list of words browsed Use this inside Suggestions, Browse, History or DictionaryScan boxes; word at Instant Definitions cursor will be inserted in application document. Begin DictionaryScan to search for word occurrences Return to Search Results List after retrieving a complete definition display from the list.

13 Turbo Lightning (DOS) Publisher. Retail Cost: $.00 Borland, Inc. (Discontinued by Borland and temporarily available from the High Tech Center Training Unit.) System Requirements: PC/MS-DOS machines Description: Spell-checking documents is an important component of assistive computer technology for students with learning and other disabilities. Automatic spellchecking allows learning disabled students with poor spelling skills to concentrate on document creation rather than on the mechanics of spelling. There are two basic types of spell checking programs: real-time and full document. Turbo Lightning is a real-time spelling checker. A real-time spelling check program continuously monitors spelling as the document is being typed. The user is immediately notified if a word has been misspelled. A full document spell-check program corrects spelling in an entire document, or selected portions, generally after writing is complete. Some real-time and fulldocument spell-checkers also include a thesaurus. A real-time spell-check and thesaurus used in conjunction with a full document spell-check provides the most complete assistance for students with learning disabilities. Basic Use: To load Turbo Lightning from the hard drive, type light at the C: prompt. About the Dictionary 1. Turbo Lightning works by monitoring the spelling of words as they are being typed. When a spelling error occurs, that is, when Turbo Lightning cannot find a similarly spelled word in its dictionary, a beep will sound. 2. Press the Minus (-) key on the numeric key pad. Turbo Lightning will display a window of possible spelling choices (it may be necessary to use the PageDown key to see all the suggested words). ACT for MS-DOS 11

14 3. Words may be selected by entering the letter in front of the word or using the up and down arrow keys to locate the highlight bar on the word to be selected and pressing Enter. Either method will cause Turbo Lightning to replace the misspelled word with the one chosen from the window. 4. If the word is found to be correctly spelled, a small window appears with the statement "Spelling Confirmed." Pressing Escape will cause the window to disappear. 5. To escape from a dictionary window at any time, simply press the Escape key. About the Thesaurus 1. To see synonyms for a word, place the cursor anywhere in the chosen word or in the space just after the word and press the Asterisk (*) key on the numeric keypad. A list of possible synonyms will appear in a window similar to the dictionary window. 2. To select a word, press the letter in front of the word or use the up and down arrow keys to position the highlight bar over the desired word and press Enter. Turbo Lightning will automatically replace the word in the text with the word selected from its window. Intermediate Use: Environments Turbo Lightning can be configured to work with many application programs. The configuration can be set from the menu or from the command line. Permanent configurations can only be saved through the Turbo Lightning menu. 1. Press Alt Home and a drop-down menu appears across the top of the screen. Selecting the Environments option displays a list of programs supported by Turbo Lightning. Pressing the letter in front of the option automatically configures Turbo Lightning to work with that program. 2. Press the Escape key to return to the DOS prompt or to the application program. To permanently change Turbo Lightning to this new configuration, select the Setup option from the Main menu and from that menu, select choice D (Save SetUp / Options / Environment). 3. To set a configuration from the command line: first load Turbo Lightning into memory by typing light and then pressing Enter. then type envi (letter) where the letter is that listed by the application in the Environment menu (e.g., envi f loads Turbo Lightning configured for WordPerfect). 12 ACT for MS-DOS

15 Turbo Lightning Hot Keys Commands to search for a misspelled word or to do a full screen check are listed in the Options section of the Main menu in Turbo Lightning. This menu is accessed by pressing the Alt and Home keys and then choosing 0 for Options. The following is a list of the Hot Keys as they are presently configured on High Tech Center versions of Turbo Lightning. Alt Home... Main menu Alt Up Arrow... Last bad word Minus (on numeric keypad)... Check word Alt Right Arrow... Screen check Alt PgDn... Review screen Asterisk (on numeric keypad)... Thesaurus Alt Down Arrow... Toggle auto proof Instructions to Modify Hot keys in Turbo Lightning 1. Bring up the Turbo Lightning menu with appropriate hot key(s). 2. Press 0 for Options to open that menu. 3. Move the highlight bar to the desired hot key command and press Enter. 4. Enter the keys which make up the new hot key command (no more than two). The "Enter New Key" window automatically disappears. 5. Change any other hot key commands. 6. Use the Left Arrow to move to the Setup menu. 7. Select the Save option by entering d or moving the highlight to that selection and pressing Enter. The Turbo Lightning menu closes. The new hot key commands are now installed and active, and there is no need to restart the program. Notes: ACT for MS-DOS

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17 ZoomText Plus (DOS) Publisher: Retail Cost.50 Ai Squared P.O. Box 669 Manchester Center, VT (802) System Requirements: ZoomText requires an IBM PC or compatible computer (PC, XT, AT, PS/2, 386, or 486) with a VGA or EGA graphics adapter and a EGA or VGA display monitor. Description: ZoomText Plus is a software based large print display program which magnifies both text and graphics. It is fully compatible with the majority of commonly used text based applications (WordPerfect, dbase, Lotus, etc.) and many graphics applications. ZoomText can adjust screen color, text magnification, and is able to track the cursor, mouse, or highlight. The tracking options may be used separately or in combination. ZoomText also has the capability to track the speech cursor for most screen readers. The program provides a variety of useful magnification features including a "magnifying glass mode" and enlargement of a single line of text. The program contains a wide array of options which benefit persons with low vision. Scrolling of enlarged text is smooth and very controllable. Enlarged characters are well formed and easy to read. ZoomText Plus also includes a version (Ztwin) which works in the Microsoft Windows environment. Recommended Uses: ZoomText Plus is intended for use by persons with low vision. It may also be of value to individuals with learning disabilities. Basic Use: Starting ZoomText To start ZoomText, type zoomtext at the DOS prompt. Turning ZoomText Off and On When ZoomText is active, pressing Alt Delete turns it off. This command, like most most two-key commands, is performed by holding the Alt key down and pressing the Delete key. To turn ZoomText back on, press Alt Insert. ACT for MS-DOS 15

18 Using the Pop-Up Menu System or Hot Keys to Set Features When ZoomText is active, pressing Alt Insert will call up the Main menu. Selections are made by moving the menu bar with arrow keys to the desired selection and pressing Enter. Pressing the first letter of the selection will also choose the option. For some ZoomText features, the menu selection process can be bypassed with hot key commands. Hot Keys for Functions To go into Review To View Location To Enlarge Text To Make Text Smaller Alt Scroll Lock Alt Asterisk (on numeric keypad) Alt Plus (on numeric keypad) Alt Minus (on numeric keypad) Using ZoomText: Setting Font Size Holding down the Alt key and pressing the Plus key on the numeric keypad will make the text larger. Alt Minus (on numeric keypad) makes text smaller. ZoomText operates at two levels of resolution: Full and Quick. In Full mode, text has better resolution with smoother edges. The Quick mode is 4 times faster than the Full mode and supports fonts to 16X. The Full mode only supports text to 8X. ZoomText defaults to Full mode in graphic environments. When large text is used on slower machines, the Quick mode will prove to be most efficient. Getting Around the Screen With ZoomText ZoomText will follow the cursor around the screen if Cursor Track is on. ZoomText key commands will move the viewing window around the screen without changing cursor position. After using any of the key commands listed below, pressing Escape will return the viewing window to cursor position. Scroll Left Scroll Right Scroll Up Scroll Down Jump Left Jump Right Jump Up Jump Down Go to Center Alt Left Arrow Alt Right Arrow Alt Up Arrow Alt Down Arrow Alt Home Alt End Alt PageUp Alt PageDown Alt 5 (on numeric keypad) 16 ACT for MS-DOS

19 Intermediate Use: Other ZoomText Features: Menu Options ZoomText has many features which may be customized through a drop down menu or hot keys. Some menu options are discussed below. The ZoomText menu contains eight options: Zoom This menu controls the way in which ZoomText functions as a screen magnifier. There are five options: Full Mode This mode uses the full screen as zoom window, has the highest resolution, and magnifies to 8X. Quick Mode This mode uses the full screen as zoom window, is four times faster than full mode, and magnifies to 16X. S Line Mode This mode magnifies a single line of text which moves vertically with tracking; all other text is unmagnified. On an EGA monitor, text in the magnified line cannot exceed 5X. Area Mode This mode magnifies a sizable rectangle which may be placed anywhere on the screen; the window does not move with tracking. Glass Mode This mode magnifies a sizable rectangle which moves with tracking. Magnification Font size can be set through direct menu selection or through hot keys (Alt Plus or Alt Minus). In Full mode, magnification goes to 8X; in Quick mode to 16X, and in a graphic environment, ZoomText defaults to Full mode and will not get larger than 8X. Window There are four viewing window control mode options: the View options allows the user to relocate the viewport in relation to the normal screen (Alt Asterisk {on numeric keypad] is the hot key for this action); the Scroll, Move and Resize options affect the content, location or size of the window. Three other choices are window attribute toggles. ACT for MS-DOS 17

20 Review The automatic screen review mode (the same as "scrolling" in the Vista screen enlarging program) is toggled on through this menu. The hot key for this is Alt Scroll Lock. Escape stops Review. Ways in which the Review functions behave are set through options in this menu, e.g. vertical review or horizontal review. Arrow keys can be used to control the Review direction. Fonts There are three fonts: default font is PC, the largest, thickest font; the other two styles are Helvetica and Courier. Track ZoomText can be set to track the cursor, mouse, or highlight. It also will track some screen reader cursors. The tracking functions can be used separately or in combination. (ZoomText will only recognize a mouse driver equivalent to a Microsoft mouse driver version of 6.0 or later.) Justify The Justify function controls how and when the viewing window moves in relation to tracking motion. Setting Justification at Center causes ZoomText to position the cursor at the center of the screen except when it is moving from the left margin to center. Text will scroll to the left of cursor as the cursor remains stationary in the center. Other options are available, but Center justification is best for general use. In addition to the Justify options, there is one other option on this menu which affects basic ZoomText use: the Jump feature. There are two options under Jump. If Margin is selected, all ZoomText movement commands performed with Alt and a special key will move the viewing window to the margin of the screen, e.g. Alt Home moves the viewing window to the left margin, Alt PageUp moves the viewing window directly up to the top margin. If Window is selected, Alt movement commands will move the viewing window only in increments of the window size. Colors The Color menu provides the ability to set individualized color preferences. In addition to a full color palate, there also is a toggle for black on white display or the reverse. Suggested Default Settings The following features are suggested as default settings. They may be installed through the menu or through command switches when ZoomText is loaded. 18 ACT for MS-DOS

21 Option Setting Command Switch Mode Full /zm Track Cursor /tc+ Mouse /tm+ Highlight /th+ Justify Center /jc Jump Margin /jj m Notes: S ACT for MS-DOS 19

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23 PC Magazine Cursor Definition Utility (DOS) Publisher: Retail Cost: SFree PC Magazine Public domain and may be duplicated and distributed at will. The small program file (cursor.com) can be obtained from the High Tech Center Training Unit. System Requirements: PC/MS DOS machines Description: The PC Magazine Cursor Definition Utility allows the user to modify the shape of the cursor. The cursor can be made taller and thicker, for example, to facilitate easier visual discrimination. Recommended Uses: Users with low vision and some students with learning disabilities may find the default cursor difficult to distinguish from text on the screen. The program allows each user to select a cursor size from a grid of options. Basic Use: 1. To load the largest cursor available, type: cursor/aa at the drive prompt. To load any other cursor, type: cursor/(any coordinates). 2. To look at other cursor options, type: cursor at the drive prompt, and use the arrow keys to navigate around the grid. 3. Press the Space Bar to view the cursor with text. 4. Press Enter to select the cursor and exit. Notes: 1. This program must be loaded after Turbo Lightning. 2. A similar cursor utility, WordPerfect Cursor Definition Utility, is bundled with WordPerfect 5.1. ACT for. MS-DOS 21

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25 Vocal Eyes (DOS) Publisher: Retail Cost: $ GW Micro 310 Racquet Drive Fort Wayne, IN (219) System Requirements: MS-DOS compatible computer and speech synthesizer Description: Vocal Eyes is a versatile screen reading program. A screen reader is a software program which converts text from the screen to information which can be spoken by a speech synthesizer. Screen readers, primarily designed for use by blind computer users, are also useful for students with low vision and for some students with learning disabilities. Vocal Eyes can be used as an auditory text editing and reading tool for students with learning disabilities. Recommended Uses: For Students with Visual Impairments: Vocal Eyes is useful for students with low vision as well as for students who are non-sighted. Students requiring very large text on the screen will often be more productive if they use a screen reader in conjunction with their text magnification software. For Students with Learning Disabilities: Vocal Eyes now supports the following options useful for students with learning disabilities: a moving cursor highlight on the word being read; the ability to change the foreground and background colors of the moving highlight. Some students with learning disabilities will benefit from editing their written documents by hearing what they have written. Students exhibiting the following errors in written text may benefit from using a screen reader for editing purposes: semantic confusions; verb tense omissions; or omission of morphemic markers such as plural endings. Other students may need to hear what they have written in order to monitor the content of what they are writing.

26 Basic Use: For Students with Learning Disabilities: Word Reading Ctrl Right Arrow Ctrl Left Arrow Sentence Reading Alt Right Arrow Alt Left Arrow Ctrl S Paragraph Reading Ctrl 0 Ctrl P Ctrl Q reads current word reads previous word reads next sentence reads previous sentence reads current sentence reads previous paragraph reads current paragraph reads next paragraph Speak and Spell Ctrl W For Students with Visual Impairments: reads word at cursor pressing Ctrl W a second time causes Vocal Eyes to spell the word 3rd time does military spelling Reading Commands Up Arrow Down Arrow Left or Right Arrow Ctrl Left or Right Arrow Alt Left Arrow Alt Right Arrow moves cursor directly up one line and reads it moves cursor directly down one line and reads it moves cursor one character to left or right and reads it moves cursor to beginning of previous or next word and reads it reads previous sentence and moves cursor to beginning of previous sentence reads next sentence cursor placed at beginning of sentence read.

27 Intermediate Use: Vocal Eyes has a unique mnemonic interactive command set. Holding down the Ctrl key and pressing the C key will cause Vocal Eyes to read the character at the cursor. Holding down the Ctrl key and tapping the W key causes Vocal Eyes to read the word at the cursor, and Ctrl S reads current sentence; Ctrl P reads current paragraph; Ctrl L reads current line. Commands to read previous or current cognates of the above commands rely on alphabetic order: for example: Ctrl B reads previous character, Ctrl D reads next character. Quick Interactive Keyboard Commands Ctrl B, C, D Ctrl V, W, Y Ctrl K, L, M Ctrl R, S, T Ctrl 0, P, Q Alt Down Arrow Alt Up Arrow Alt R Alt C Ctrl \ Ctrl N Ctrl X reads previous, current or next character reads previous, current or next word respectively reads previous, current or next line respectively reads previous, current or next sentence respectively reads previous, current or next paragraph respectively moves cursor to next sentence and reads it moves cursor to previous sentence and reads it reads to end reads bar brings up Vocal Eyes menu Vocal Eyes will ignore next command Silence

28 Special Vocal Eyes Features Two Types of Review Mode: Standard and VE Cursor Standard Review Mode Commands: Alt Starts review mode Alt Exits review mode Escape Exits review mode Tapping the Alt key once invokes the standard review mode. The review cursor always moves to the position of the application cursor. In standard review mode it is possible to read information from any place on the computer screen. The application program screen is frozen and does not change as the review mode cursor moves. The Vocal Eyes reading hot keys which work in the application mode are also available in the review mode. When review mode activities are completed, it is necessary to exit back to the application mode. VE Cursor Review Mode (works only when Numlock is off) Command: Minus (on numeric keypad) Starts VE review The VE cursor is an interactive review mode. This means that is possible to review the screen and have the underlying application program remain active. When the VE cursor is invoked, the cursor goes to the last place the VE cursor was used; this is a major difference from the standard review mode which always begins with the review cursor at the application cursor position. There in no visible VE cursor. If a keystroke which is not a VE command is entered, Vocal Eyes will allow the keystroke to go to the application program. In this way, it is possible to work in the application and use the invisible VE cursor to read any portion of the screen. Additionally, it is also possible to use the standard review mode and the VE cursor review simultaneously. VE Cursor Commands The VE Cursor is controlled through the numeric keypad. The Numlock key must be off. 7 or Home 1 or End 8 or Up Arrow 2 or Down Arrow 9 or Page Up 3 or Page Down 4 or Left Arrow moves VE cursor to column 1 of current line moves VE cursor to end of current line moves VE cursor to previous line and reads it moves VE cursor to next line and reads it moves VE cursor to top left of screen moves VE cursor to first column of last line moves VE cursor to left and reads the character

29 6 or Right Arrow 5 or Center Period or Delete Plus moves VE cursor right and reads the character reads character under VE cursor second tap pronounces character mnemonically speaks current VE cursor position routes application cursor to the VE cursor More VE Cursor Commands (using the Numpad Zero key) It is possible to use the Zero key on the numeric keypad as a special shift key. Each numeric key command listed below must be prefixed with the Zero key held down. 7 or Home 9 or Page Up 8 or Up Arrow 4 or Left Arrow 6 or Right Arrow 5 or Center 1 or End 3 or Page Down 2 or Down Period or Delete Plus reads text from beginning of the line to VE cursor reads the text from VE cursor to end of line reads current line moves VE cursor left by word and reads word moves VE cursor right by word and reads word reads word currently under VE cursor second press spells word third press spells word mnemonically reads first line of screen reads last line of the screen reads all from VE cursor to end of screen reads application cursor position routes VE cursor to application cursor position Standard Review Mode Commands (use after tapping Alt key to go into review mode) Once the Alt key has been tapped, review mode is "on." The keyboard only performs Vocal Eyes functions. Tap Alt or Escape to exit review mode and return to application cursor position and application functions. Cursoring Commands Left Arrow Right Arrow H U Up Arrow Down Arrow K J Ctrl Left Arrow Ctrl Right Arrow Ctrl Up Arrow Ctrl Page Up Ctrl Down Arrow moves cursor to previous character and reads it moves cursor to next character and reads it moves cursor to previous character and reads it moves cursor to next character and reads it moves cursor up one line and reads it moves cursor down one line and reads it moves cursor up one line and reads it moves cursor down one line and reads it moves cursor to previous word and reads it moves cursor to next word and reads it moves cursor to top left of current window moves cursor to top left of current window moves cursor to first column of last line of window

30 Apostrophe Alt Left Arrow Page Up Left Bracket Alt Right Arrow Page Down Right Bracket Enter Home End Ctrl Home Ctrl End moves cursor to first column of last line on window moves cursor to first character of current line and reads it moves cursor to first character of current line and reads it moves cursor to first character of current line and reads it moves cursor to end of current line and reads it moves cursor to end of current line and reads it moves cursor to end of current line and reads it moves cursor to beginning of next line and reads it moves cursor to previous sentence and reads it moves cursor to next sentence and reads it moves cursor to previous paragraph and reads it moves cursor to next paragraph and reads it Other Review Mode Commands Find Command There are three ways to perform a search: F (string to be searched) followed by Enter Begins search from upper left corner to lower right F (string) followed by Greater Than (>) Begins search from cursor position to end F (string) followed by Less Than (<) Begins search from cursor position to top Marker Commands M G prompts for marker number to drop at cursor position prompts for marker to go to Block Commands P R T places a mark at the cursor position marks put at top left and bottom right of text to be copied sends data to block buffer; replaces any previously there sends data to block buffer; adds data to text in buffer

31 Miscellaneous Commands L V C Grave Accent Exit Commands reads line at cursor toggles between character, word or line read for arrow keys sends data directly to synthesizer sends next command not as review command Escape Alt Esc Alt X exits review mode; cursor returns to application position exits review mode; routes video cursor to review cursor exits review mode; routes video cursor to review cursor

32 Using Word Perfect 5.1 and Vocal Eyes Reading in WordPerfect All of the standard interactive read hot keys work. There are some additional special commands in the default Vocal Eyes configuration for Word Perfect: Alt W Alt S Ctrl A Alt R Plus reads entire work area lines one through twenty-four reads status line; this is actually line twenty-five reads WordPerfect cursor position reads entire document from the cursor reads current work area Using WordPerfect Spell Check 1. Enter Ctrl F2 to start spell option in WordPerfect. 2. Select Option 3 to begin a full-document spell check. 3. Once a misspelled word is highlighted on screen, use the following commands to explore context: Ctrl W Ctrl L Alt 0 reads word highlighted by spell check enter Ctrl W another time and word is spelled enter Ctrl W a third time and word is spelled mnemonically reads line highlighted word is in reads and spells words suggested as correct spelling Using the Thesaurus 1. Place WordPerfect cursor at or in word to look up. 2. Invoke the thesaurus by entering Alt Fl. 3. The following commands read thesaurus columns: Alt X Alt Y Alt Z reads first column of suggestions reads second column of suggestions reads third column of suggestions Using WordPerfect Files Directory If default WordPerfect colors are used for blocked text (white on red), Vocal Eyes will automatically read content of menu bar as it is moved by arrow keys. Notes:

33 Flipper (v 4.02) (DOS) Publisher: OMNICHRON 1438 Oxford Street Berkeley, CA (510) System Requirements: MS-DOS compatible computer and speech synthesizer Description: Flipper is a versatile screen reading program. A screen reader is a software program which converts text from the screen to information which can be spoken by a speech synthesizer. Screen readers, primarily designed for use by blind computer users, are also useful for students with low vision and for some students with learning disabilities. Flipper can be used as an auditory text editing and reading tool for students with learning disabilities because the program can be simplified so that only a very few easy-to-use reading commands are available. Recommended Uses: For Students with Visual Impairments: Flipper is useful for students with low vision as well as for students who are non-sighted. Students requiring very large text on the screen will often be more productive if they use a screen reader in conjunction with their text magnification software. For Students with Learning Disabilities: Some students with learning disabilities will benefit from editing their written documents by hearing what they have written. Students exhibiting the following errors in written text may benefit from using a screen reader for editing purposes: semantic confusions; verb tense omissions; or omission of morphemic markers such as plural endings. Other students may need to hear what they have written in order to monitor the content of what they are writing. Basic Use: For Students with Visual Impairments: Retail Cost $ Reading Commands Up Arrow moves cursor directly up one line and reads it ACT for MS-DOS 31

34 Down Arrow Left or Right Arrow Control Left or Right Arrow Alt Left Arrow Alt Right Arrow moves cursor directly down one line and reads it moves cursor one character to left or right and reads it moves cursor to beginning of previous or next word and reads it moves cursor to period of previous sentence and reads that sentence reads current or next sentence; cursor is placed at period of sentence read. Alt Up Arrow reads current sentence; does not move cursor Alt Down Arrow reads from cursor to end of file - Quick Interactive Keyboard Commands These commands do not move the cursor and are designed not to remove the user's hands from basic keyboard position. All commands are prefixed by the Left Alt key for greatest convenience, although either Alt key may be used if the keyboard has two. Alt U, I, 0 Alt J, K, L reads previous, current or next LINE respectively reads previous, current or next WORD respectively Alt M, Comma, Period SPELL previous, current or next WORD Alt P Alt or Control Alt Y reads entire screen from cursor position stops speech reads second line above cursor Quick Interactive Special Commands Alt H access talking Help function Alt F "flips" to a different configuration. Two separate configurations of Flipper can be loaded simultaneously; the user can alternate between the two by using the Alt F command (to switch between a version for a 32 ACT for MS-DOS

35 spread sheet and a word processor, for example). Alt and a number reads a block of text which has been defined (and numbered) in the review mode; it can be accessed and read by this Quick command. Review Mode Entay/Exit Commands Alt-; (Semicolon) enters review mode C Escape exits review mode, places cursor at beginning of last word read in review mode exits review mode, returns cursor to application position Review Mode Reading Commands U,Ior0 reads previous current or next line; cursor remains at same vertical column number in each line J,KorL M, Comma or Period Left or Right Arrow Up or Down Arrow Control with arrow reads previous current or next word; cursor is placed at beginning of word reads previous current or next character moves cursor one character to left or right and reads that character moves cursor directly up one character and reads that line moves cursor and reads word above, below, before or after initial cursor position, depending on arrow key used For Students with Learning Disabilities: Flipper now has a review mode option (Alt-Control F3) which causes Flipper to highlight a words as it reads in review mode. Basic Reading Commands Up Arrow Down Arrow reads line above cursor reads line below cursor ACT for MS-DOS 33

36 Left or Right Arrow Control Left or Right Arrow Alt Left Arrow Alt Right Arrow reads a single character reads word-by-word (backward or forward) reads previous sentence reads current or next sentence Features Necessary for Intermediate and Advanced Use: For Students with Visual Impairments: Special Review Mode Functions B moves the cursor to cursor position at last exit from review mode. D enters Definitions menu where major changes can be made to Flipper key commands, functions and windows E reads color enhancement (attribute) at cursor position. F flips between primary and secondary Flipper configuration. G "grabs" selected text for pasting with Shift 8 H P S T W X enters Help mode. Use Alt Spacebar to exit Help mode. reads entire screen regardless of cursor position. supports an extensive array of text search commands. announces time of day if there is a clock running in the computer. sets width of screen area to be read. drops marker on screen (Slash) announces position of review mode cursor (Semi-colon) returns cursor to prior position in review mode. Backward or Forward Cursor Motion Preceding many standard review mode commands with a number will cause cursor motion: 34 ACT for MS-DOS

37 501 will move forward 50 words. 50 u will move backward 50 words. 10 i will move the cursor to line k will move to tenth word on the line. 10, will move to 10th character of line. 10 p will begin reading of current page starting at line 10. Quick Cursor Motion in Review Mode Preceding some standard review mode commands with special keys will result in very specific cursor motion: Shift U, I and 0 Shift J, K and L Shift M and Period will move cursor to first, middle and last line of screen, respectively. will move cursor to beginning, middle or end of current line, respectively. will move cursor to beginning or end of current word, respectively. Special Review Mode Spelling Commands Shift Comma will spell entire current word. Alt M, Comma, or Period will read the left, current or next character mnemonically Function Key Toggles in Review Mode Numerous options are easily set through using function keys by themselves or in combination with other keys. Unless stated otherwise, these options are only available in the review mode. Basic Toggles Fl Automatic output F2 Extended automatic output P3 Non-stop review mode F4 Autoload configurations F5 Override all symbols on F6 Use DOS cursor on screen ACT for MS-DOS 35

38 P7 Use margin boundaries for active screen reading area. If not on, those defined through the W option will be used. F8 Normal automatic output or delayed automatic output F9 Whole keyboard echo F10 Alphabet/word echo Function Key Options with the Control Key Control Fl Punctuation toggle Control F2 Control F3 Control F4 Control F5 Control F6 Control F7 Control F8 Control P3 Control F10 Not used Spell everything Do not spell automatic output Count spaces when reading lines Count spaces when reading words Foreground colors On/Off Background colors On/Off Black foreground colors defined as inverse Speak enhancement changes Function Key Options with the Alt Key Alt Fl Beep when computer stops after Alt key Alt F2 Alt F3 Alt F4 Alt F5 Alt F6 Alt F7 Alt F8 Alt F9 Click while screen changes Cursor beeps at line change in application mode Click during disk access Not used Not used Case sensitive search options Cursor options to use when aborting a paragraph read Echo Shift, Alt and Control keys ACT for MS-DOS

39 Alt F10 Turn on Caps Lock message Function Key Options with the Shift Key Shift Fl Increase speech rate Shift F2 Shift F3 Shift F4 Shift F5 Shift F6 Shift F7 Shift F8 Shift F9 Decrease speech rate Blank announcement Read line numbers in review mode Caps announcement style used in read mode Caps announcement style for spell mode Spell part numbers which contain letters and digits Pass through all ASCII text to synthesizer Read digit strings as numbers Shift F10 Send numbers to synthesizer without interpretation Function Key Options with Alt Control Alt Control Fl Do not speak commands in macros Alt Control F2 Alt Control F3 Alt Control F4 Keyboard control protection on Highlight word in review mode (for students with learning disabilities or low vision) Turn off Alt number keys Function Keys in Voice Control Mode Modifying Flipper voices can be done after pressing V in review mode Flipper uses three voices as it works: a keyboard echo voice, a command voice, and an automatic output voice. Parameters for each voice can be set separately, or, they can be set to be the same at all three levels. After voice control mode is toggled on, the following function key commands, if prefixed with a special key or not will modify voices: Prefix Chart Function key alone Shift plus function key Alt plus function key Modifies all three voices Modifies automatic output voice Modifies keyboard echo voice ACT for MS-DOS 37

40 Control plus function key Modifies command voice Fl Raise speech rate F2 Lower speech rate F3 Raise volume F4 Lower volume F5 Raise pitch F6 Lower pitch F7 Raise inflection of synthesizer F8 Lower inflection of synthesizer F9 Raise an auxiliary parameter for the synthesizer F10 Lower an auxiliary parameter for the synthesizer Using the Help Function in Review Mode In review mode, pressing Control and then any key when the full Help mode is loaded results in a statement of that key function and directions to initiate the process. With this "context sensitive" help function, the user can learn the many options available in Flipper. An example: pressing the V key in Review mode allows the user to change voice options. When Flipper can access the full help mode and Control V is pressed, the following occurs: Flipper announces, "You can use this key to change the voice of the synthesizer.... " Searching Flipper also has a very elaborate screen search capacity. A search is initiated by pressing the letter S in review mode. To search for a word, type in the word and then press Enter. Once the pattern to be searched has been defined, the following commands will begin the search: Alt J Alt K Alt L search backward start at top of screen and search forward search forward In addition to text searches, special features may also be looked for: any capital letter, any digit, an upper left or lower right corner form symbol, enhancement attributes and others. 38 ACT for MS-DOS