Proposal for a Slot Pair Array Having an Invariant Main Beam Direction with a Cosecant Radiation Pattern Using a Post-Wall Waveguide
|
|
- Meghan Hensley
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 176 IEICE TRANS. ELECTRON., VOL.E86 C, NO.2 FEBRUARY 2003 PAPER Special Issue on Circuit and Device Technology for High-Speed Wireless Communication Proposal for a Slot Pair Array Having an Invariant Main Beam Direction with a Cosecant Radiation Pattern Using a Post-Wall Waveguide Takeshi OHNO a),koichiogawa, Toshihiro TERAOKA, and Jiro HIROKAWA, Regular Members SUMMARY A slot pair array using a post-wall waveguide is a promising candidate for a Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) sector antenna to be used in a base station. This array is formed by a traveling wave antenna, and therefore its main beam direction varies with frequency. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a new structure that comprises of a cosecant array and an additional Talor array. This structure can fix the main beam in a constant direction whilst maintaining a cosecant radiation pattern. We conducted an investigation based on an array factor, and the validity of the method was confirmed by experiment. key words: FWA, main beam direction, traveling wave, cosecant radiation pattern, Talor radiation pattern 1. Introduction Recently there has been a growing demand for millimeter wave wireless communication systems. Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) is an Internet access protocol that uses millimeter wave wireless communication to communicate between a base station and multiple home stations. A cosecant radiation pattern is required for the FWA base station antenna in order to provide the same power to all home stations [1]. A slot pair array using a post-wall waveguide is a promising candidate for the FWA base station antenna [2], [3]. The structure of a slot pair array using a post-wall waveguide is shown in Fig. 1. The postwall waveguide is constructed by forming two lines of via-holes aligned periodically in a straight line on a dielectric substrate in which the top and bottom of the substrate are metallized with a thin copper layer. A rectangular opening is constructed on the bottom surface of the substrate as a feed aperture, and an electromagnetic source is applied to the aperture from an ordinary waveguide. The guided wave travels through Manuscript received June 1, Manuscript revised September 4, The authors are with Devices Development Center, Matsushita Electric Industrial Corporation Limited, Kadoma-shi, Japan. The author is with System Solutions Company, Matsushita Communication Industrial Corporation Limited, Yokohama-shi, Japan. The author is with the Department of Electric & Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan. a) ohno.ken@jp.panasonic.com Fig. 1 Structure of the slot pair array using a post-wall waveguide. the substrate between the two lines of via-holes [1]. Slot pairs are formed on the upper surface, which are arranged so that the resultant return loss caused by the reflection of the waves from each slot is minimized [3]. The antenna is a simple structure, and is therefore less expensive than the metal waveguide counterpart. The array has a cosecant radiation pattern if we choose a suitable excitation coefficient, but its main beam direction varies with frequency because of the traveling wave feed structure. To overcome this difficulty, we have proposed a new structure that can fix the direction of the main beam whilst maintaining the cosecant radiation pattern [4]. The effectiveness of this structure has been confirmed by a theoretical investigation. In this paper, a slot pair array that has an invariant main beam direction with a cosecant radiation pattern created by using a post-wall waveguide is presented. In Sect. 2, the mechanism for the variation in the main beam direction is explained. Two types of phase delay are shown to be main factors causing the variation in the main beam direction. In Sect. 3, a new structure is proposed. This structure consists of a cosecant array and an additional Talor array [5]. In Sect. 4, the effectiveness of the structure is investigated using a calculation based on an array factor. We divide this calculation into two steps. In the first step, we assume that the elements are point sources and the slot effects are not included in the calculation. In the second step, we assume that the elements are slot pairs and the slot effects are rigorously included. Finally, in Sect. 5, the validity of the method is confirmed by an experiment.
2 OHNO et al.: PROPOSAL FOR A SLOT PAIR ARRAY 177 Fig. 4 Cross sectional view of the waveguide. Fig. 2 Measured radiation pattern of the slot pair array using a post-wall waveguide. Fig. 3 Table 1 Measured results. Permissible range of the cosecant radiation pattern. 2. Tilt Mechanismof the Main Beam In Fig. 2 we show the measured radiation pattern when the cosecant array is designed using 16 slot pairs at GHz, and the results are summarized in Table 1. In the table, σ is the ratio of the cumulative elevation angle, in which the measured radiation pattern exists between certain upper and lower limits, to the whole angle of interest. These two limits can be primarily derived from an outage consideration in a particular radio zone, and they depend on the particular system requirements. In this paper, an upper limit of 6 db larger and a lower limit of 3 db smaller than the ideal cosecant curve were chosen, as shown in Fig. 3. The reason for the smaller value of the lower limit is that a smaller signal level due to the gain degradation of the antenna has a greater effect on the system communication link. Using these limits we calculated σ over an angular range from 2 to 60. In the case where σ exceeded 70%, we regarded the radiation pattern as being a cosecant one. Following this criterion, the measured radiation patterns in Fig. 2 show good cosecant characteristics because σ(f L ) = 78%, σ(f D ) = 76% and σ(f H ) = 79% in Table 1. It was found that the main beam direction varies with frequency due to the traveling wave structure. The main beam direction varies by about 4 over 400-MHz of bandwidth. As a result, the gain at 2,whichisthe direction to the area edge of the radio zone, is reduced by 3 db by changing the main beam direction. Figure 4 shows a cross sectional view of a waveguide. In this figure, Φ d is the phase delay of the wave traveling between the elements, S 21 is the phase delay of the wave traveling under the slot, and S 31 is the phase delay of the wave traveling through the slot. It can be considered that there are two major factors leading to the variation in the main beam direction, as follows [3]: 1) The phase delay effected by the distance between the slot pairs (Φ d ) varies with frequency. 2) The phase delay effected by the slot pairs ( S 21 and S 31 ) varies with frequency. As the frequency rises, these two types of the phase delay both increase. Because of the traveling wave structure, the phase delay is accumulated to reduce the excitation phase to a great extent at the slots further away from the feed point. This leads to the main beam tilting towards the direction of the traveling wave, but when the frequency falls, the main beam moves to the opposite direction. 3. Proposal for a New Structure We propose the new structure shown in Fig. 5 to maintain the main beam in a constant direction. In this figure, θ t, which is depicted by the curved arrow, is the variation in the main beam direction of a Talor array with frequency, and θ c is that of a cosecant array. θ is defined as the variation in the main beam direction of the whole array. The Talor array has a narrow main beam width and a low side lobe. The Talor array is arranged so that the wave travels in the opposite direction to the cosecant array. Because the main beam of each array moves in the opposite direction with changing frequency, the combined direction of the main beam of the
3 178 IEICE TRANS. ELECTRON., VOL.E86 C, NO.2 FEBRUARY 2003 Fig. 5 New structure using a Talor and cosecant array combination. whole array in principle remains constant. However, to prevent the cosecant radiation pattern from collapsing due to the Talor array, the maximum excitation amplitude of each element of the cosecant array (A c ) needs to be sufficiently larger than that of the Talor array (A t ). In such a situation, the effect of θ t on θ is much smaller than that of θ c. Thus, in order to allow θ to be nearly equal to zero, θ t must be larger than θ c. This structure permits the cosecant radiation pattern to be invariant over a wide frequency range. 4. Investigation Based on an Array Factor 4.1 Calculation with Regard to Point Sources To investigate the behavior of the new structure, an investigation was conducted based on an array factor. Because it was assumed that the elements could be regarded as point sources, the phase delay effected by the slot was not included as a cause of the variation in the main beam direction with frequency. The array factor AF (θ) was calculated by AF (θ) = N A D (n)e jφd(n) e jβ 0(n 1)d sin θ n=1 e j(n 1) φ d(n) (1) where A D (n) andφ D (n) are the excitation amplitude and the excitation phase respectively at the design frequency (f D ) (usually the center frequency). β 0 is the phase velocity in free space, and d is the distance between the elements. Φ d is the variation in Φ d with frequency, expressed as ( 1 φ d (n) = 1 ) 2πd (2) λ gd λ g where λ gd and λ g respectively are the wavelength in the waveguide at the design frequency and at the frequency of the calculation. Figure 6 shows the radiation patterns of the Talor and cosecant arrays used in the calculation, which were designed using 16 elements. The radiation pattern of the whole array was calculated by combining these two arrays. This can be expressed as (a) Talor radiation pattern ( θ t =1.6 ). (b) Cosecant radiation pattern ( θ c =0.8 ). Fig. 6 Radiation patterns used for the calculation of the combined radiation pattern with regard to point sources. N t AF (θ)= A Dt (n)e jφdt(n) e jβ{( n+1)d t d m /2} sin θ n=1 N c e j( n+1) φdt(n) + A Dc (n)e jφ Dc(n) n=1 e jβ{(n+1)d c+d m /2} sin θ e j(n 1) φ dc(n) (3) where the suffixes t and c are associated with the Talor and the cosecant array respectively. d m is the distance between the first element of the Talor array and that of the cosecant array. θ can be obtained by calculating the difference in the main beam direction of the whole array (θ w ) at the higher (f H )andlower(f L ) frequencies of the FWA system by using the following equation; θ = θ w f=fh θ w f=fl (4) where f H =25.69 GHz and f L =25.27 GHz. For design purposes, the quantitative relationship between the variation in the main beam direction with frequency and the excitation amplitude should be known. Figure 7 shows the calculated results of θ as a function of A c /A t with θ t / θ c as parameters. In the calculation, A c /A t is adjusted for any θ t / θ c to obtain the minimum θ. Figure 8 shows the calculated radiation patterns of the whole array when A c /A t =0dBand θ t / θ c =1. It was found that the main beam direction does not
4 OHNO et al.: PROPOSAL FOR A SLOT PAIR ARRAY % over a wide frequency range. Thus the invariant nature of the cosecant radiation pattern could be confirmed from a basic investigation using an array factor. This result can apply to any traveling wave array antenna because the slot effects are not included in the calculation. 4.2 Calculation Including the Slot Effects Fig. 7 Relationship between the excitation amplitude ratio of both arrays and the variation in the main beam direction of the whole array with regard to point sources. In the second step of our investigation, we calculated the radiation pattern when the slot pair effects were taken into account. The calculation procedure is different from that in Sect. 4.1, since the frequency dependence of the phase delay effected by the slot was rigorously considered (factor 2 in Sect. 2). As mentioned in the previous section, θ t needs to be larger than θ c. The problem is how to make θ t larger. From the array design viewpoint, it would be convenient if a simple method for calculating the main beam direction could be used to estimate θ t approximately without calculating the structural parameters of the antenna [6]. To obtain an approximate value of θ t, the main beam direction can be calculated as follows. The main beam direction of the Talor array θ t can be expressed as Fig. 8 Calculated radiation pattern of the whole array with regard to point sources. (A c /A t =0dB, θ t / θ c =1) φ(n) sin θ t = β 0 (n 1) d and the excitation phase can be expressed as (5) φ(n) =φ(n 1) S 31 (n 1) + S 21 (n 1) + φ d (n)+ S 31 (n)+2π = (n 1)(β g d + S ave 2π) (6) Fig. 9 Calculated radiation pattern of the whole array with regard to point sources. (A c /A t =13dB, θ t / θ c =2) vary with frequency, but that the cosecant radiation pattern collapses so that σ(f L ) = 56%, σ(f D ) = 36% and σ(f H ) = 62% respectively. This result proves that A c needs to be sufficiently larger than A t. A c /A t needs to be more than 10 db to maintain a well-formed cosecant radiation pattern. For example, Fig. 7 shows that when θ t / θ c = 2, the optimum value for A c /A t is found to be 13 db. Figure 9 shows the calculated radiation patterns in this situation. The main beam direction does not vary with frequency and maintains an excellent cosecant radiation pattern because σ exceeds where S ave is the average of the phase delay effected by the slot. The last term 2π corresponds to the spatial distance of a wavelength between two slot pairs. This term is needed in order that the slot pairs do not overlap. S ave is obtained by solving the recurrence formula, because there is no rapid change in the array for any n. S ave can be expressed as { S 31 (n) S 31 (n 1) + S 21 (n 1)} S ave = n S 21 (n 1) n n 1 Hence, θ t becomes ( θ t =sin 1 λ0 + λ 0 λ g 2πd n 1 S ave λ ) 0 d (7) (8) where λ 0 is the wavelength in free space and λ g is the wavelength in the waveguide. θ t can be obtained by calculating the difference in θ t at the higher and lower frequencies of the FWA system. Therefore,
5 180 IEICE TRANS. ELECTRON., VOL.E86 C, NO.2 FEBRUARY 2003 Fig. 10 Calculated phase delay effected by the slots. (a) Talor radiation pattern ( θ t =6.9 ). Fig. 11 Calculated main beam direction as a function of the phase delay effected by the slots. θ t = θ t f=fh θ t f=fl (9) It can be deduced from the first term in Eq. (8) that a variation in λ g ( λ g ) needs to be small to make θ t larger. To make λ g small, we take the approach that the dielectric constant of the substrate can be considered to be large. Figure 10 shows the calculated results of S ave as a function of frequency with the dielectric constant as a parameter. Figure 11 shows the calculated results of the main beam direction of the Talor array, θ t, as a function of S ave. It is found from Fig. 10 that the variation in S ave ( S ave ) changes little when we change the dielectric constant. By contrast, Fig. 11 shows that θ t varies rapidly as the dielectric constant becomes larger. The Talor array is designed using a substrate with a dielectric constant of 6 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. In this situation, θ t =6.6, as indicated in Fig. 11. The cosecant array is designed using a substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 3.2 mm. By using these substrates, the structural parameters for each slot pair can be calculated using the method of moments to meet the ideal excitation coefficient for the cosecant and Talor patterns at a center frequency of GHz [7], [8]. To obtain θ we need to calculate the excitation coefficient at the lower and higher frequencies of and GHz. At these two frequencies, slot pair effects are rigorously taken into consideration in the following expressions. (b) Cosecant radiation pattern ( θ c =3.1 ). Fig. 12 Radiation patterns used for the calculation of the combined radiation pattern including slot effects. The excitation coefficient at the n-th element can be expressed as A(n) = 1 ρ(n 1) ρ(n)a(n 1) (10) ρ(n 1) φ(n)=φ(n 1) S 31 (n 1)+ S 21 (n 1) β g {z(n) z(n 1)}+ S 31 (n)+2π (11) where ρ(n) is the coupling coefficient of the n-th slot pair [3] and z(n) is the location of the n-th slot pair. The radiation pattern can be calculated from these excitation coefficients. The radiation patterns are shown in Fig. 12. These were found to be θ t =6.9 for the Talor array and θ c =3.1 for the cosecant array. It was also found that the side lobe level in the Talor radiation pattern was less than 30 db. To investigate the properties of the whole array, both arrays can be combined to form a new structure. Figure 13 shows the relationship between A c /A t and θ. It is found that the behavior is similar to that shown in Fig. 7, and that the minimum variation in the main beam direction is obtained when A c /A t =12dB. The calculated radiation pattern of the whole array for this situation is shown in Fig. 14. The calculated radiation pattern of the whole array maintains a cosecant radiation pattern in the frequency range of 420 MHz, where σ(f L ) = 74%, σ(f D ) = 79% and σ(f H ) = 72%.
6 OHNO et al.: PROPOSAL FOR A SLOT PAIR ARRAY 181 Table 2 Structual parameters of the Talor and cosecant array. Fig. 13 Calculated relationship between the excitation amplitude ratio of both slot pair arrays and the variation in the main beam direction of the whole array including slot effects. Fig. 15 Experimental set up. Fig. 14 Calculated radiation pattern of the whole array including slot effects. (A c /A t =12dB, θ t / θ c =2.2) 5. Experimental Results The effectiveness of the new structure has been confirmed by an experiment designed to verify the validity of the calculation described in the previous section. Optimum values for A c /A t of 12 db and for θ t / θ c of 2.2 are obtained from the calculation. Table 2 shows the structural parameters of the arrays to realize the desired characteristics. For experimental purposes, A c /A t is derived by setting up a power divider and an attenuator between both arrays to divide the feed power. The power divider is a hybrid divider that can divide an input signal into two output signals with equal amplitude and which are in phase. The power to be divided is decided using the following equation. {A c (n)} 2 n x =10log {A t (n)} +20logA c [db] (12) 2 A t n where A t (n) is the excitation amplitude at the n-th element of the Talor array and A c (n) is that of the cosecant array, while x is the value of the attenuator. θ t / θ c is given as the difference in the dielectric constant of the substrate, as mentioned in Sect Figure 15 shows the experimental set up. In Fig. 15, all of Fig. 16 Measured Talor radiation pattern. the parts shown that make up the feed circuit, such as the attenuator, the divider and the waveguide adapter, are coaxial based components that are available commercially. They are connected via short lengths of coaxial line. Although the experiment was carried out using coaxial components, an integrated feed network constructed using a post-wall waveguide with smaller inherent loss is feasible [2], and this is left for further studies. Figure 16 shows the measured Talor radiation pattern when θ t =7.9. Figure 17 shows the measured relationship between A c /A t and θ. It was found that the behavior is similar to that seen in Fig. 7 and Fig. 13, and that the minimum variation in the main beam direction of θ =0.9 is obtained when A c /A t =14.8dB. The measured radiation pattern of the whole array in these circumstances is shown in Fig. 18. The measured radiation pattern maintains a cosecant radiation pattern in the frequency range required for the
7 182 IEICE TRANS. ELECTRON., VOL.E86 C, NO.2 FEBRUARY 2003 References Fig. 17 Measured relationship between the excitation amplitude ratio of both slot pair arrays and the variation in the main beam direction of the whole array. Fig. 18 Measured radiation pattern of the whole array. (A c /A t =14.8dB, θ t / θ c =2.1) [1] R.S. Elliott, A new technique for shaped beam synthesis of equispaced arrays, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.32, no.10, pp , Oct [2] J. Hirokawa and M. Ando, Single-layer feed waveguide consisting of posts for plane TEM wave excitation in parallel plates, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.46, no.5, pp , May [3] K. Sakakibara, J. Hirokawa, M. Ando, and N. Goto, A linearly-polarized slotted waveguide array using reflectioncancelling slot pairs, IEICE Trans. Commun., vol.e77-b, no.4, pp , April [4] T. Ohno, K. Ogawa, T. Teraoka, and J. Hirokawa, A proposal and inspection for invariant main beam direction of a slot pair array with cosecant radiation pattern using a postwall waveguide, The 4th Topical Symposium on Millimeter Waves Technical Digest, pp , March [5] W.L. Stutzman and G.A. Thiele, Antenna theory and design, second edition, pp , John Wiley & Sons, [6] T. Ohno, K. Ogawa, T. Teraoka, and J. Hirokawa, A study on the relationship between dielectric constant in a rectangular waveguide and variation in the main beam direction of traveling wave antennas, Proc. Commun. Conf. IEICE 2002, B-1-82, March [7] A.A. Oliner, The impedance properties of narrow radiating slots in the broad wall of rectangular waveguide, IRE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.5, pp.1 20, Jan [8] S.R. Rengarajan, Waveguided-fed slot antennas and arrays: A review, Electromagnetics, vol.19, no.1, pp.3 22, FWA system, because σ(f L ) = 71%, σ(f D ) = 71% and σ(f H ) = 73%. The variation in the gain of the whole array with frequency at 2 from the broadside direction was 1.3 db, as compared with that of the cosecant array alone, which was 3.34 db, as shown in Table Conclusion A slot pair array having an invariant main beam direction with a cosecant radiation pattern using a post-wall waveguide has been proposed and investigated experimentally. This structure consists of a cosecant array and an additional Talor array. The optimum ratio of the excitation amplitudes of the two arrays is equal to 14 db, and the variation of the main beam direction with frequency is equal to 2. From the experimental results, the variation in the main beam direction of this structure with frequency was measured to be 0.9 comparedwith3.8 using only a cosecant array, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed antenna for a FWA base station. Takeshi Ohno was born in Gifu, Japan, on February 23, He received B.S. and M.S. degrees from the Nagoya Institute of Technology in 1998 and 2000, respectively. In 2000, he joined Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan, where he has been engaged in research and development on millimeterwave antenna. Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank Dr. M. Ando, professor of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his encouragement and support.
8 OHNO et al.: PROPOSAL FOR A SLOT PAIR ARRAY 183 Koichi Ogawa wasborninkyoto, Japan, on May 28, He received B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from the Shizuoka University in 1979 and 1981, respectively. He received the Dr.E. degree in electrical engineering from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, in He joined the Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Osaka, in 1981, where he was engaged in research and development work on a 50- GHz millimeter-wave integrated circuit and a 12/24-GHz very small aperture terminal (VSAT) satellite communication system. He is currently a research group leader of Mobile Communication RF-Devices. His research interests include diversity antennas for mobile communication systems and other related areas of radio propagation. He received the OHM Technology Award from the Promotion Foundation for Electrical Science and Engineering in He also received the TELECOM System Technology Award from the Telecommunications Advancement Foundation (TAF) in He is a member of the IEEE. He is listed in Who s Who in the World. circuitry. Toshihiro Teraoka was born on March 7, He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Kyoto University in 1993 and 1995, respectively. He joined Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan in He was transferred to Matsushita Communication Industrial Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Japan in He has been engaged in research and development on antennas and millimeter-wave Jiro Hirokawa wasbornintokyo, Japan, on May 8, He received the B.S., M.S. and D.E. degrees in electrical and electronic engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan in 1988, 1990 and 1994, respectively. He was a Research Associate from 1990 to 1996, and is currently an Associate Professor at Tokyo Institute of Technology. From 1994 to 1995, he was with the antenna group of Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, as a Postdoctoral Researcher, on leave from Tokyo Institute of Technology. His research area has been the analysis of slotted waveguide array antennas. He received the Young Engineer Award from IEICE Japan in 1996.
SIW 2D PLANAR ARRAY WITH FOUR CROSS SLOTS RADIATOR AND TUNING VIAS
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 40, 83 92, 2013 SIW 2D PLANAR ARRAY WITH FOUR CROSS SLOTS RADIATOR AND TUNING VIAS P. Sanchez-Olivares, J. L. Masa-Campos *, J. A. Ruiz-Cruz, and B. Taha-Ahmed
More informationConnected U-Slots Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications
Connected U-Slots Patch Antenna for WiMAX Applications Hattan F. AbuTarboush (1), D. Budimir (2), R. Nilavalan (1) and H. S. Al-Raweshidy (1) (1) Wireless Network and Communication Centre (WNCC), School
More informationAntenna Properties and their impact on Wireless System Performance. Dr. Steven R. Best. Cushcraft Corporation 48 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03013
Antenna Properties and their impact on Wireless System Performance Dr. Steven R. Best Cushcraft Corporation 48 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03013 Phone (603) 627-7877 FAX: (603) 627-1764 Email: sbest@cushcraft.com
More informationA Dual-Band Beam-Switched Slot Array for GSM 900/1800MHz
Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference 2006 A Dual-Band Beam-Switched Slot Array for GSM 900/1800MHz Yijun Liu, Zhongxiang Shen, Boyu Zheng and Weihua Tan School of Electrical and Electronic
More informationBroadband Slotted Coaxial Broadcast Antenna Technology
Broadband Slotted Coaxial Broadcast Antenna Technology Summary Slotted coaxial antennas have many advantages over traditional broadband panel antennas including much smaller size and wind load, higher
More informationDesign of an U-slot Folded Shorted Patch Antenna for RF Energy Harvesting
Design of an U-slot Folded Shorted Patch Antenna for RF Energy Harvesting Diponkar Kundu, Ahmed Wasif Reza, and Harikrishnan Ramiah Abstract Novel optimized U-slot Folded Shorted Patch Antenna (FSPA) is
More informationPrinted Dipole Array Fed with Parallel Stripline for Ku-band Applications
Printed Dipole Array Fed with Parallel Stripline for Ku-band Applications M. Dogan 1, 3,K. Özsoy 1, 2, and I.Tekin 1, 1 Electronics Engineering, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey 2 Vestek Electronic
More informationCHAPTER4 GENERAL ASPECTS OF MUTUAL
CHAPTER4 GENERAL ASPECTS OF MUTUAL ADMITTANCE OF CPW-FED TWIN SLOTS ON CONDUCTOR-BACKED TWO-LAYER SUBSTRATES 4.1 INTRODUCTORY REMARKS The present chapter is concerned with an exploratory investigation
More informationPillbox Antenna for 5.6 GHz Band Dragoslav Dobričić, YU1AW dragan@antennex.com
Pillbox Antenna for 5.6 GHz Band Dragoslav Dobričić, YU1AW dragan@antennex.com Introduction The pillbox or cheese antenna is made of two parallel plates which are connected to the narrow strip of parabolic
More informationA PRACTICAL MINIATURIZED U-SLOT PATCH ANTENNA WITH ENHANCED BANDWIDTH
Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 3, 47 62, 2008 A PRACTICAL MINIATURIZED U-SLOT PATCH ANTENNA WITH ENHANCED BANDWIDTH G. F. Khodaei, J. Nourinia, and C. Ghobadi Electrical Engineering Department
More informationNational Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave Technology Xidian University Xi an, Shaanxi 710071, China
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 76, 237 242, 2007 A BROADBAND CPW-FED T-SHAPE SLOT ANTENNA J.-J. Jiao, G. Zhao, F.-S. Zhang, H.-W. Yuan, and Y.-C. Jiao National Laboratory of Antennas and Microwave
More informationAnalysis of Broadband Slot Cut Semi-Circular Microstrip Antennas
Analysis of Broadband Slot Cut Semi-Circular Microstrip Antennas Amit A. Deshmukh EXTC, DJSCOE Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India Ankita R. Jain EXTC, DJSCOE Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India Apurva A. Joshi EXTC,
More informationNew Method for Optimum Design of Pyramidal Horn Antennas
66 New Method for Optimum Design of Pyramidal Horn Antennas Leandro de Paula Santos Pereira, Marco Antonio Brasil Terada Antenna Group, Electrical Engineering Dept., University of Brasilia - DF terada@unb.br
More informationDesign & Simulation of 8-Shape Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna
World Applied Sciences Journal 31 (6): 1065-1071, 2014 ISSN 1818-4952 IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.31.06.1462 Design & Simulation of 8-Shape Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna Sohag
More informationDesign of Rectangular Microstrip Slot Antenna for Multi Band Application
Design of Rectangular Microstrip Slot Antenna for Multi Band Application K.Thamarairubini 1, V. Kiruthiga 2 Assistant professor, Dept. of ECE, BIT College, Sathyamangalam, Tamilnadu, India 1 PG Student
More informationBeam-Steerable Microstrip-Fed Bow-Tie Antenna Array for Fifth Generation Cellular Communications Ojaroudiparchin, Naser; Shen, Ming; Pedersen, Gert F.
Aalborg Universitet Beam-Steerable Microstrip-Fed Bow-Tie Antenna Array for Fifth Generation Cellular Communications Ojaroudiparchin, Naser; Shen, Ming; Pedersen, Gert F. Published in: 10th European Conference
More informationDesign and Electromagnetic Modeling of E-Plane Sectoral Horn Antenna For Ultra Wide Band Applications On WR-137 & WR- 62 Waveguides
International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 Volume 3 Issue 7ǁ July 2014 ǁ PP.11-17 Design and Electromagnetic Modeling of E-Plane Sectoral Horn
More informationFranz Hirtenfelder and Stephen Murray, CST Computer Simulation Technology and W. L. Gore and Associates (Gore) March 5, 2015
1 of 7 3/17/2015 9:38 AM Home Franz Hirtenfelder and Stephen Murray, CST Computer Simulation Technology and W. L. Gore and Associates (Gore) March 5, 2015 Editor s Note: A cable that leaks electromagnetic
More informationA Novel Multi Frequency Rectangular Microstrip Antenna with Dual T Shaped Slots for UWB Applications
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 9, Issue 1, Ver. VI (Feb. 2014), PP 120-124 A Novel Multi Frequency Rectangular Microstrip
More informationInternational Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 2, February 2014 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsse.com A Novel Approach
More informationCompact Tunable and Dual band Circular Microstrip Antenna for GSM and Bluetooth Applications
205 Compact Tunable and Dual band Circular Microstrip Antenna for GSM and Bluetooth Applications *K. P. Ray 1, S. Nikhil 2 and A. Nair 2 1 SAMEER, IIT Campus, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India 2 K.J.Somaiya
More informationWAVEGUIDE-COAXIAL LINE TRANSITIONS
WAVEGUIDE-COAXIAL LINE TRANSITIONS 1. Overview Equipment at microwave frequencies is usually based on a combination of PCB and waveguide components. Filters and antennas often use waveguide techniques,
More informationComparative analysis for Bandwidth Enhancement of RMPA using EBG and varying feed line lengths
Comparative analysis for Bandwidth Enhancement of RMPA using EBG and varying feed line lengths Tripti Basedia 1 1 EC Deptt., SRIT, India, Jabalpur Rahul Koshtha 2 EC Deptt., SRIT, India, Jabalpur ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationReview Paper for Broadband CPW-Fed T-Shape Slot Antenna
Review Paper for Broadband CPW-Fed T-Shape Slot Antenna Shahpure Sana 1, Bharate Rajashri 2, Prof. Jadhav D.A. 3 1,2 BE, Dept. of E&TC, Brahmdevdada Mane Institute of Technology, Dist. Solapur (Maharashtra)
More informationCharacterization of Spatial Power Waveguide Amplifiers
Characterization of Spatial Power Waveguide Amplifiers Authored by: Matthew H. Commens Ansoft Corporation Ansoft 003 / Global Seminars: Delivering Performance Presentation # Outline What is a Spatial Waveguide
More information! #! % & % ( )! & +,,.! / 0 1 /) ) %222 3 4 1 5 6. /,,, %778,,9 / 6, : 0 9, 99, 3 +,, 9 9
! #! % & % ( )! & +,,.! / 0 1 /) ) %222 3 4 1 5 6. /,,, %778,,9 / 6, : 0 9, 99, 3 +,, 9 9 ; 896 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. 56, NO. 4, APRIL 2008 A Circuit-Theoretic Approach
More informationCopyright 1996 IEEE. Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 1996
Copyright 1996 IEEE Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 1996 This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE
More informationAntenna Basic Concepts
ANTENNA An antenna is a device to transmit and/or receive electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are often referred to as radio waves. Most antennas are resonant devices, which operate efficiently
More informationANALYSIS OF ELEMENT SHAPE IN THE DESIGN FOR MULTI-BAND APPLICATIONS
ANALYSIS OF ELEMENT SHAPE IN THE DESIGN FOR MULTI-BAND APPLICATIONS Pidugu Prasad 1, D Vakula 2 1 M.Tech, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NIT Warangal, A.P, India 2 Assistant Professor,
More informationExtending Rigid-Flex Printed Circuits to RF Frequencies
Extending -Flex Printed Circuits to RF Frequencies Robert Larmouth Teledyne Electronic Technologies 110 Lowell Rd., Hudson, NH 03051 (603) 889-6191 Gerald Schaffner Schaffner Consulting 10325 Caminito
More informationRF data receiver super-reactive ASK modulation, low cost and low consumption ideal for Microchip HCS KEELOQ decoder/encoder family. 0.
Receiver AC-RX2/CS RF data receiver super-reactive ASK modulation, low cost and low consumption ideal for Microchip HCS KEELOQ decoder/encoder family. Pin-out 38.1 3 Component Side 1 2 3 7 11 13 14 15
More informationWireless RF Distribution in Buildings using Heating and Ventilation Ducts
Wireless RF Distribution in Buildings using Heating and Ventilation Ducts Christopher P. Diehl, Benjamin E. Henty, Nikhil Kanodia, and Daniel D. Stancil Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
More informationRX-AM4SF Receiver. Pin-out. Connections
RX-AM4SF Receiver The super-heterodyne receiver RX-AM4SF can provide a RSSI output indicating the amplitude of the received signal: this output can be used to create a field-strength meter capable to indicate
More informationA New Active Phased Array Antenna for Mobile Direct Broadcasting Satellite Reception
34 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BROADCASTING, VOL. 46, NO. 1, MARCH 2000 A New Active Phased Array Antenna for Mobile Direct Broadcasting Satellite Reception Soon-Ik Jeon, Young-Wan Kim, and Deog-Gil Oh Abstract
More informationMode Patterns of Parallel plates &Rectangular wave guides Mr.K.Chandrashekhar, Dr.Girish V Attimarad
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 8, August-2012 1 Mode Patterns of Parallel plates &Rectangular wave guides Mr.K.Chandrashekhar, Dr.Girish V Attimarad Abstract-Parallel
More informationConnectivity in a Wireless World. Cables Connectors 2014. A Special Supplement to
Connectivity in a Wireless World Cables Connectors 204 A Special Supplement to Signal Launch Methods for RF/Microwave PCBs John Coonrod Rogers Corp., Chandler, AZ COAX CABLE MICROSTRIP TRANSMISSION LINE
More informationApplications in EMC testing. Outline. Antennas for EMC Testing. Terminology
Antennas for EMC Testing Zhong Chen ETS-Lindgren 1301 Arrow Point Drive Cedar Park, TX 78613 Zhong.Chen@ets-lindgren.com Outline EMC Terms and Definitions Typical EMC Antennas Calibration of EMC Antennas
More informationChalmers Publication Library
Chalmers Publication Library Contactless pin-flange adapter for high-frequency measurements This document has been downloaded from Chalmers Publication Library (CPL). It is the author s version of a work
More informationRFID Receiver Antenna Project for 13.56 Mhz Band
RFID Receiver Antenna Project for 13.56 Mhz Band Fatih Eken TE 401 Microwave Course Term Project, Fall 2004 Supervised by Asst. Prof. İbrahim Tekin Telecommunication Program in Faculty of Engineering and
More informationSelecting a Transmission Line for Your Broadcast System
Selecting a Transmission Line for Your Broadcast System Introduction This Bulletin presents the procedures broadcasters need for calculating attenuation and power handling parameters to properly design
More informationExperiment 7: Familiarization with the Network Analyzer
Experiment 7: Familiarization with the Network Analyzer Measurements to characterize networks at high frequencies (RF and microwave frequencies) are usually done in terms of scattering parameters (S parameters).
More informationSelecting Receiving Antennas for Radio Tracking
Selecting Receiving Antennas for Radio Tracking Larry B Kuechle, Advanced Telemetry Systems, Inc. Isanti, Minnesota 55040 lkuechle@atstrack.com The receiving antenna is an integral part of any radio location
More informationA wave lab inside a coaxial cable
INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING Eur. J. Phys. 25 (2004) 581 591 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS PII: S0143-0807(04)76273-X A wave lab inside a coaxial cable JoãoMSerra,MiguelCBrito,JMaiaAlves and A M Vallera
More informationA New Concept of PTP Vector Network Analyzer
A New Concept of PTP Vector Network Analyzer Vadim Závodný, Karel Hoffmann and Zbynek Skvor Department of Electromagnetic Field, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Technická,
More informationNano Meter Stepping Drive of Surface Acoustic Wave Motor
Proc. of 1st IEEE Conf. on Nanotechnology, Oct. 28-3, pp. 495-5, (21) Maui, Hawaii Nano Meter Stepping Drive of Surface Acoustic Wave Motor Takashi Shigematsu*, Minoru Kuribayashi Kurosawa*, and Katsuhiko
More informationShielding Effectiveness Test Method. Harbour s LL, SB, and SS Coaxial Cables. Designs for Improved Shielding Effectiveness
Shielding Effectiveness Test Method Harbour s LL, SB, and SS Coaxial Cables Designs for Improved Shielding Effectiveness Harbour Industries 4744 Shelburne Road Shelburne Vermont 05482 USA 802-985-3311
More informationAvaya WLAN 9100 External Antennas for use with the WAO-9122 Access Point
Avaya WLAN 9100 External Antennas for use with the WAO-9122 Access Point Overview To optimize the overall performance of a WLAN in an outdoor deployment it is important to understand how to maximize coverage
More informationFDTD Analysis of Site Free Space VSWR in Test Site Used for Disturbance Measurement above 1 GHz
九 州 工 業 大 学 学 術 機 関 リポジトリ Title FDTD analysis of site free space VS disturbance measurement above 1 GHz Author(s) Kuwabara N; Midori M; Kawabata M Issue Date 9-8 URL http://hdl.handle.net/8/368 9 IEEE.
More informationAduTarboush, HF; Nilavalan, R; Peter, T; Cheung, SW. Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License
Title Small and thin inverted-f antenna with insensitive ground plane for mobile handsets Author(s) AduTarboush, HF; Nilavalan, R; Peter, T; Cheung, SW Citation The 2010 Loughborough Antennas and Propagation
More informationTime and Frequency Domain Analysis for Right Angle Corners on Printed Circuit Board Traces
Time and Frequency Domain Analysis for Right Angle Corners on Printed Circuit Board Traces Mark I. Montrose Montrose Compliance Services 2353 Mission Glen Dr. Santa Clara, CA 95051-1214 Abstract: For years,
More informationDesign of a Planar Omnidirectional Antenna for Wireless Applications
Design of a Planar Omnidirectional Antenna for Wireless Applications Randy Bancroft and Blaine Bateman Centurion Wireless Technologies Westminster, Colorado Abstract Omnidirectional antennas are of great
More informationVarious Technics of Liquids and Solids Level Measurements. (Part 3)
(Part 3) In part one of this series of articles, level measurement using a floating system was discusses and the instruments were recommended for each application. In the second part of these articles,
More informationCoaxial End-Launched and Microstrip to Partial H-Plane Waveguide Transitions
1 Coaxial End-Launched and Microstrip to Partial H-Plane Waveguide Transitions Kevin H. Kloke, Johan Joubert, Senior Member, IEEE, and Johann W. Odendaal, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract Conventional rectangular
More informationASTRA 3B HORN ANTENNA DESIGN
ASTRA 3B HORN ANTENNA DESIGN Jorge Teniente and Carlos del-río Grupo de Antenas, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Spain, Email: jorge.teniente@unavarra.es, carlos@unavarra.es
More information5. ANTENNA TYPES. Figure 5. The vertical dipole and its electromagnetic equivalent, the vertical monopole
Antennas can be classified in several ways. One way is the frequency band of operation. Others include physical structure and electrical/electromagnetic design. The antennas commonly used for LMR both
More informationT-slot Broadband Rectangular Patch Antenna
International Journal of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2174 Volume 4, Number 1 (2011), pp.43-47 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com T-slot Broadband Rectangular
More informationCONCEPT-II. Overview of demo examples
CONCEPT-II CONCEPT-II is a frequency domain method of moment (MoM) code, under development at the Institute of Electromagnetic Theory at the Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg (www.tet.tuhh.de). Overview
More informationKeywords: Slot antenna, ultra wideband (UWB), Microstrip line feeding, HFSS Simulation software.
IJESRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY Design of Compact UWB Printed Slot Antenna for GPS, GSM &Bluetooth Applications S.P.Shinde *1, M. M. Jadhav 2 *1, 2 Electronics
More informationA Method for Measuring Amplitude and Phase of Each Radiating Element of a Phased Array Antenna
Electronics and Communications in Japan, Vol. 65-B, No. 5, 1982 A Method for Measuring Amplitude and Phase of Each Radiating Element of a Phased Array Antenna Seiji Mano and Takashi Katagi, Regular Members
More informationA DUAL-POLARIZED WIDE-BAND PATCH ANTENNA FOR INDOOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION APPLICA- TIONS
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 1, 189 2, 2010 A DUAL-POLARIZED WIDE-BAND PATCH ANTENNA FOR INDOOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION APPLICA- TIONS M. Secmen and A. Hizal Department of Electrical and Electronics
More informationAn equivalent circuit of a loop antenna.
3.2.1. Circuit Modeling: Loop Impedance A loop antenna can be represented by a lumped circuit when its dimension is small with respect to a wavelength. In this representation, the circuit parameters (generally
More informationFundamentals of Electromagnetic Fields and Waves: I
Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Fields and Waves: I Fall 2007, EE 30348, Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Mid Term II: Solutions Please show your steps clearly and sketch figures wherever
More informationDetector Effect in Microwave Gunn Diode Oscillator with Lowfrequency Oscillator Circuit in Bias Circuit
Detector Effect in Microwave Gunn Diode Oscillator with Lowfrequency Oscillator Circuit in Bias Circuit Dmitry Usanov, Alexander Skripal #, Alexander Avdeev +, Andrey Babayan @ In the paper features of
More informationAntennas & Propagation. CS 6710 Spring 2010 Rajmohan Rajaraman
Antennas & Propagation CS 6710 Spring 2010 Rajmohan Rajaraman Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors o Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space o Reception
More informationYou will need the following pieces of equipment to complete this experiment:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECE422H1S: RADIO AND MICROWAVE WIRELESS SYSTEMS EXPERIMENT 3:
More informationENS 07 Paris, France, 3-4 December 2007
ENS 7 Paris, France, 3-4 December 7 FRICTION DRIVE SIMULATION OF A SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE MOTOR BY NANO VIBRATION Minoru Kuribayashi Kurosawa, Takashi Shigematsu Tokyou Institute of Technology, Yokohama
More informationCOMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF ENHANCING BANDWIDTH OF MICRO STRIP PATCH ANTENNAS: A SURVEY AND AN IDEA
COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF ENHANCING BANDWIDTH OF MICRO STRIP PATCH ANTENNAS: A SURVEY AND AN IDEA Anilkumar Patil 1, B.Suryakant 2 1 Asst Professor, SIT, Gulbarga 2 Professor, BKIT, Bhalki Abstract Microstrip
More informationWideband Dual Segment Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna Terminate in Bio-Media
Wideband Dual Segment Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna Terminate in Bio-Media Ravi Kumar Gangwar, S. P. Singh and D. Kumar Abstract In this paper a wideband dual segment rectangular dielectric
More informationLTCC Short Range Radar Sensor for Automotive Applications at 24 GHz
LTCC Short Range Radar Sensor for Automotive Applications at 24 GHz P. Uhlig, C. Günner, S. Holzwarth, J. Kassner, R. Kulke, A. Lauer, M. Rittweger IMST GmbH, D-47475 Kamp-Lintfort, Germany, www.ltcc.de
More informationRADIATION PATTERNS. The half-power (-3 db) beamwidth is a measure of the directivity of the antenna.
RADIATION PATTERNS The radiation pattern is a graphical depiction of the relative field strength transmitted from or received by the antenna. Antenna radiation patterns are taken at one frequency, one
More informationELECTROMAGNETIC ANALYSIS AND COLD TEST OF A DISTRIBUTED WINDOW FOR A HIGH POWER GYROTRON
ELECTROMAGNETIC ANALYSIS AND COLD TEST OF A DISTRIBUTED WINDOW FOR A HIGH POWER GYROTRON M.A.Shapiro, C.P.Moeller, and R.J.Temkin Plasma Science and Fusion Ceer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
More informationEnhanced Stripline Scanning Array B.M. Cahill and J.C. Batchelor
Enhanced Stripline Scanning Array B.M. Cahill and J.C. Batchelor This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation and is subject
More informationOmni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna
Omni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna Document ID: 82068 Contents Introduction Prerequisites Requirements Components Used Conventions Basic Definitions and Antenna Concepts Indoor Effects Omni Antenna Pros
More informationA novel sharp beam-forming flat panel loudspeaker using digitally driven speaker system
Audio Engineering Society Convention Paper Presented at the 131st Convention 2011 October 20 23 New York, NY, USA This Convention paper was selected based on a submitted abstract and 750-word precis that
More informationLONG RANGE ULTRA-HIGH FREQUENCY (UHF) RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) ANTENNA DESIGN. A Thesis. Submitted to the Faculty.
LONG RANGE ULTRA-HIGH FREQUENCY (UHF) RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) ANTENNA DESIGN A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University by Nathan D. Reynolds In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
More informationHuman Exposure to Outdoor PLC System
1602 PIERS Proceedings, Marrakesh, MOROCCO, March 20 23, 2011 Human Exposure to Outdoor PLC System Vicko Doric 1, Dragan Poljak 1, and Khalil El Khamlichi Drissi 2 1 University of Split, Croatia 2 Blaise
More informationDivvela.Santhosh Raghava Rao [1],Sreevardhan cheerla [2]
Signal Strength Enhancement Using Cellular Repeater On Three Frequency Bands For Low Signal Coverage Areas (GSM900, GSM 1800/DCS, 3G) Divvela.Santhosh Raghava Rao [1],Sreevardhan cheerla [2] [1] B.tech
More informationMultiple Bands Antenna with Slots for Wireless Communication System
Multiple Bands Antenna with Slots for Wireless Communication System Evizal Abdulkadir,Eko Supriyanto, T.A. Rahman, S.K.A. Rahim and S.L Rosa Abstract Rapid growing of user in mobile communication and limited
More informationMitigating Power Bus Noise with Embedded Capacitance in PCB Designs
Mitigating Power Bus Noise with Embedded Capacitance in PCB Designs Minjia Xu, Todd H. Hubing, Juan Chen*, James L. Drewniak, Thomas P. Van Doren, and Richard E. DuBroff Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory
More informationAntenna Diversity in Wireless Local Area Network Devices
Antenna Diversity in Wireless Local Area Network Devices Frank M. Caimi, Ph.D. Kerry L. Greer Jason M. Hendler January 2002 Introduction Antenna diversity has been used in wireless communication systems
More informationHow To Design An Ism Band Antenna For 915Mhz/2.4Ghz Ism Bands On A Pbbb (Bcm) Board
APPLICATION NOTE Features AT09567: ISM Band PCB Antenna Reference Design Atmel Wireless Compact PCB antennas for 915MHz and 2.4GHz ISM bands Easy to integrate Altium design files and gerber files Return
More informationA Fractal-based Printed Slot Antenna for Multi-band Wireless Applications
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12-15, 2013 1047 A Fractal-based Printed Slot Antenna for Multi-band Wireless Applications Seevan F. Abdulkareem, Ali
More informationDevelopment of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Taipei, March 5 8, 3 359 Development of Optical Wave Microphone Measuring Sound Waves with No Diaphragm Yoshito Sonoda, Takashi Samatsu, and
More informationDigital Systems Ribbon Cables I CMPE 650. Ribbon Cables A ribbon cable is any cable having multiple conductors bound together in a flat, wide strip.
Ribbon Cables A ribbon cable is any cable having multiple conductors bound together in a flat, wide strip. Each dielectric configuration has different high-frequency characteristics. All configurations
More informationConsequence for a dualband application
rel. bandwidth -6dB [%] DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR INTEGRATED MOBILE PHONE ANTENNAS D. Manteuffel, A. Bahr, D. Heberling, I. Wolff IMST GmbH, Germany, e-mail: manteuffel@imst.de Abstract Based on the investigation
More informationTCOM 370 NOTES 99-4 BANDWIDTH, FREQUENCY RESPONSE, AND CAPACITY OF COMMUNICATION LINKS
TCOM 370 NOTES 99-4 BANDWIDTH, FREQUENCY RESPONSE, AND CAPACITY OF COMMUNICATION LINKS 1. Bandwidth: The bandwidth of a communication link, or in general any system, was loosely defined as the width of
More informationSmall Size UWB-Bluetooth Antenna Design with Band-Notched Characteristics
Small Size UWB-Bluetooth Antenna Design with Band-Notched Characteristics Mrs. Priyalaskhmi.B, Sheena Agrawal Assistant Professor, Department of Telecommunication Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur,
More informationInsight on mobile phones and communication system:
Introduction: Rapid progresses are being made in wireless communications to make interactive voice, data and even video services available anytime and anyplace. Nowadays mobile phones are becoming ubiquitous.
More informationSTUDY OF ELLPITICAL SLOT UWB ANTENNAS WITH A 5.0 6.0 GHz BAND-NOTCH CAPABILITY
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 16, 207 222, 2010 STUDY OF ELLPITICAL SLOT UWB ANTENNAS WITH A 5.0 6.0 GHz BAND-NOTCH CAPABILITY A. Elboushi, O. M. Ahmed, and A. R. Sebak Electrical and Computer
More informationCables and Connectors. PRINCIPLES OF LEAKY FEEDER ANTENNAS Franz Hirtenfelder and Stephen Murray
Cables and Connectors Invited Papers From CST Computer Simulation Technology & W. L. Gore and Associates (Gore) Leaky Cables Make Fine Broadband Antennas Editor s Note: A cable that leaks electromagnetic
More informationCapacitor Self-Resonance
Capacitor Self-Resonance By: Dr. Mike Blewett University of Surrey United Kingdom Objective This Experiment will demonstrate some of the limitations of capacitors when used in Radio Frequency circuits.
More informationWide-Band T-Shaped Microstrip-Fed Twin-Slot Array Antenna
Wide-Band T-Shaped Microstrip-Fed Twin-Slot Array Antenna Yong-Woong Jang A numerical simulation and an experimental implementation of T-shaped microstrip-fed printed slot array antenna are presented in
More informationData Transmission. Data Communications Model. CSE 3461 / 5461: Computer Networking & Internet Technologies. Presentation B
CSE 3461 / 5461: Computer Networking & Internet Technologies Data Transmission Presentation B Kannan Srinivasan 08/30/2012 Data Communications Model Figure 1.2 Studying Assignment: 3.1-3.4, 4.1 Presentation
More informationFiber Optics: Fiber Basics
Photonics Technical Note # 21 Fiber Optics Fiber Optics: Fiber Basics Optical fibers are circular dielectric wave-guides that can transport optical energy and information. They have a central core surrounded
More informationBandwidth Enhancement of Small-Size Planar Tablet Computer Antenna Using a Parallel-Resonant Spiral Slit
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 60, NO. 4, APRIL 2012 1705 Bandwidth Enhancement of Small-Size Planar Tablet Computer Antenna Using a Parallel-Resonant Spiral Slit Kin-Lu Wong, Fellow,
More informationComposite Electromagnetic Wave Absorber Made of Permalloy or Sendust and Effect of Sendust Particle Size on Absorption Characteristics
PIERS ONLINE, VOL. 4, NO. 8, 2008 846 Composite Electromagnetic Wave Absorber Made of Permalloy or Sendust and Effect of Sendust Particle Size on Absorption Characteristics K. Sakai, Y. Wada, and S. Yoshikado
More information102 26-m Antenna Subnet Telecommunications Interfaces
DSMS Telecommunications Link Design Handbook 26-m Antenna Subnet Telecommunications Interfaces Effective November 30, 2000 Document Owner: Approved by: Released by: [Signature on file in TMOD Library]
More informationHow To Make A Power Amplifier For A Mobile Phone
A PA for Mobile Terminals Supporting 9 Bands from 7 MHz to 2. GHz Multi-band PA Variable MN A PA for Mobile Terminals Supporting 9 Bands from 7 MHz to 2. GHz Commercially available mobile terminals currently
More informationNew Modelling Capabilities in Commercial Software for High-Gain Antennas
New Modelling Capabilities in Commercial Software for High-Gain Antennas Erik Jørgensen, Michael Lumholt, Peter Meincke, Min Zhou, Stig B. Sørensen, Oscar Borries, Cecilia Cappellin, and Poul Erik Frandsen
More informationPlanar Inter Digital Capacitors on Printed Circuit Board
1 Planar Inter Digital Capacitors on Printed Circuit Board Ajayan K.R., K.J.Vinoy Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 561 Email {ajayanr jvinoy}
More information