UNIVERSIDAD DE ORIENTE U N I V O SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Cross-cultural Influence of English as a Foreign Language on Spanish Native Language Students of Licenciatura en Idioma Inglés at Universidad de Oriente GRADUATION PROJECT PRESENTED BY: Carmen Eduviges Ochoa Pacheco Elsy Noemí Benítez Ramos José Humberto López TO OBTAIN THE DEGREE OF: Licenciatura en Idioma Inglés MAY 2004 SAN MIGUEL EL SALVADOR CENTRAL AMERICA
UNIVERSIDAD DE ORIENTE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES UNIVERSITY AUTHORITIES: RECTOR: DR. JUAQUÍN APARICIO ZELAYA VICE- RECTOR: DR. JOSÉ LUIS CASTRO CISNEROS ACADEMIC VICE- RECTOR: LIC. JOSÉ JEREMÍAS HERNÁNDEZ ATTORNEY GENERAL DR. MAURICIO RAMÓN JUÁREZ GENERAL SECRETARY: ING. ROGELIO CISNEROS LAZO DEAN: LIC. JOSÉ DAVID DÍAZ REYES MAY 2004 SAN MIGUEL EL SALVADOR CENTRAL AMERICA
UNIVERSIDAD DE ORIENTE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES BOARD OF EXAMINERS PRESIDENT: LIC. JOSE HUMBERTO ALVAREZ SERRANO FIRST CHAIRMAN: LIC. GERARDO ERNESTO MARÍN CHAVEZ SECOND CHAIRMAN: LIC. RAÚL ORLANDO ROMERO LÓPEZ MAY 2004 SAN MIGUEL EL SALVADOR CENTRAL AMERICA
INDEX INTRODUCTION PAGE i CHAPTER I 1. STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM 1 1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 1 1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE SPANISH LANGUAGE.. 2 1.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE SPANISH LANGUAGE IN EL SALVADOR. 4 1.4 CULTURE AND LANGUAGE ARE INTERWOVEN.. 5 CHAPTER II OBJECTIVES. 10 1. GENERAL OBJECTIVES. 10 2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES... 10 CHAPTER III LITERATURE REVIEW.. 11 1. HISTORICAL FRAMEWORK. 11 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.. 12
3. BASIC TERMS.. 29 CHAPTER IV STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES AND VARIABLES 31 1.1 GENERAL RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 31 1.2 SPECIFIC RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS.. 31 1.3 RESEARCH VARIABLES 33 CHAPTER V METHODOLOGY. 34 1.1 TYPE OF RESEARCH STUDY. 34 1.2 SAMPLING PROCEDURE.. 34 1.2.1 POPULATION 34 1.2.2 SAMPLE STRATEGY... 35 1.3 METHODS, TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION...35 1.3.1 INSTRUMENTATION. 35 1.3.2 DATA COLLECTION PROCESS 36 1.3.3 PILOT STUDY. 37
CHAPTER VI ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 38 1. DISPLAY OF DATA 39 1.1 TABLES AND GRAPHICS.. 39 1.2 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. 92 CONCLUSIONS.. 96 BIBLIOGRAPHY... 99 ANNEXES 100
INTRODUCTION This thesis entitled: Cross-cultural influence of English as a foreign language on Spanish native language students of Licenciatura en Idioma Inglés at Universidad de Oriente, consists of 6 chapters. Chapter I Statement of the Research Problem starts with Historical Background of English Language, Historical Background of Spanish Language, Historical Background of Spanish Language in El Salvador. It also states different questions to trigger the possible answers to be found through fully. Yet it mainly emphasizes on the research statement which is the core subject of this paper. Chapter II This chapter shows the general objectives and the specific objectives of the research. It clearly explains what the researchers want to achieve. Chapter III This chapter has information about the Historical framework and Theoretical framework. The former presents aspects of cross-culturation regarding to the way how language is embedded into culture. The latter is about the communicative aspects of language including Verbal and Nonverbal expressions. This is an important part in the research since it contains information compiled from bibliographic sources that support the study.
Chapter IV This chapter contains the general research hypothesis, specific research hypotheses, and the research variables which set out the possible outcomes to be verified. Chapter V The fifth chapter refers to the methodology applied in this research, which is considered as Exploratory because of its unknown study of this issue. Sampling procedure illustrates the way how the population and sample was selected. This chapter also contains the instrumentation used in order to compile data in the investigation. It also explains the steps applied to collect data. A Pilot Study was developed to prove the reliability of the instrument. Chapter VI Analysis and Interpretation of Data displays an assortment of tables, graphics, and statistical procedures that show the results of the collected data, followed by the conclusions given by the researchers. Finally the bibliography and annexes are presented.