Note: Questions in English, answers in English Questions in Portuguese, answers in Portuguese As respostas devem estar gramaticalmente corretas e coerentes com os textos. Com exceção das questões que abordam aspectos lingüísticos, outras respostas diferentes das apresentadas serão aceitas. Leia o texto abaixo e responda as questões 1 a 3. This year, as Americans contemplate making Sen. Hillary Clinton our first female president, it is instructive to look back at Elizabeth and other women who wield power long before the age of speechwriters, personal stylists and YouTube campaigning. Cleopatra, for example, ruled ancient Egypt with fierce political savvy while giving birth to children by Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. ( ) In 18 th -century Russia, Catherine the Great vastly extended the borders of the Russian Empire, More recently, elected leaders like Golda Meir, Indira Gandhi and Margaret Thatcher proved that women can be just as ruthless as men, and often more ruthless. And just like a man, they can pay the ultimate price in their pursuit of power. And they haven t had to apologize for it. ( ) Elizabeth I still stands alone. she guided England with great skill. The country was transformed from an economically troubled backwater beset by religious strife into one of the strongest nations on earth. (adapted from Newsweek, Vol. CL, No. 17. October 22, 2007) Questão 1 A. Recently, the Argentineans and the Chileans have elected women to be their new presidents. Do you believe North American voters would elect a woman to the White House in the upcoming 2008 election? Elaborate on your answer. According to what we have been seen in the media, she does have pretty good chances. She has gained more and more confidence from voters and political parties. And besides, she would have her husband to assist her, at least in the beginning, until she got used to the post. I think Hillary Clinton may be the next president since women have been gaining more and more political power. Maybe North Americans aren t as progressive as they would like to be or they believe they are. Sen. Hillary Clinton will get really close but I don t think voters believe she can take care of such a job. I don t think Americans will vote for Hillary Clinton because they don t trust women. I can t say for sure, but she has good chances. Some republican regions in the US are quite against giving power to a woman mainly because of the idea that a woman must always act in the backstage. I don t think so because most voters believe that she only does the things that can bring her the most votes and she does not address really important issues. B. What about Brazil? Do you picture a woman being a president here in the near future? Comment on your answer. Why not? Didn t a female senator try last time and call much attention? Maybe next time a stronger woman will try and will threaten the male candidates. Brazilians are too male oriented. They will never vote for a woman to be the president of the country. If the female candidate has what the voters look for in a candidate, I believe a woman has a good chance. I would vote for a woman myself. No, because there aren t good candidates. Questão 2 Copy, from the text, the words that mean the same as: A. troubled; surrounded; overwhelmed beset B. violent or angry disagreement strife or fierce C. the activity of trying to achieve pursuit D. without thinking or caring about any pain caused to others, cruel ruthless E. practical knowledge and ability savvy or skill
Questão 3 Elizabeth, in her most celebrated speech, said: I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king. Describe a woman you know or your have read or heard about that could say the same sentence and explain. My cousin is a thin and fragile looking woman, however, she is a decision-maker and we rarely see her crying. She takes care of her family better than many men would. This woman is my mother. She brought me up alone after my father s death when I was eight. In addition she took care of us both for eight years when he was sick. So I could say she seems weak, but truly she is a lioness. Leia o texto abaixo e responda as questões 4 e 5. The Seven Secrets of Inspiring Leaders American business professionals are uninspired. Only 10% of employees look forward to going to work and most point to a lack of leadership as the reason why, according to a recent Maritz Research poll. But it doesn't have to be that way. All business leaders have the power to inspire, motivate, and positively influence the people in their professional lives. For the past year, I have been interviewing renowned leaders, entrepreneurs, and educators who have an extraordinary ability to sell their vision, values, and themselves. I was researching their communications secrets for my new book, Fire Them Up. What I found were seven techniques that you can easily adopt in your own professional communications with your employees, clients, and investors. (By Carmine Gallo, Thu Oct 11, Businessweek online) Questão 4 Explique, com suas palavras, o texto acima. Nos Estados Unidos constatou-se que os funcionários têm andado desmotivados. Eles não têm vontade de ir para o trabalho. Talvez isso se justifique pela falta de líderes que os inspirem. O autor tem feito pesquisas a respeito com líderes famosos, empreendedores e educadores e descobriu sete técnicas que podem ser aplicadas para se comunicar com mais eficácia com funcionários, clientes e investidores. Para um livro que está escrevendo, Carmine Gallo passou o último ano entrevistando empresários, líderes e educadores em relação a suas habilidades comunicativas. A partir delas, formulou sete técnicas que podem ser usadas na comunicação profissional diária, para uma melhor relação entre empresários, empregados, clientes e fornecedores. Questão 5 Name: A. three things you would do to inspire your employees if you were their leader. Raise their salary Listen to them Meet with them often Give them challenging targets Discuss their performance with them. Set a positive example for them to follow Encourage them to give their opinions B. three things a leader mustn t do in order to have inspired workers. Be mysterious Say one thing and behave in the opposite way Pay less than his employees deserve Set a bad example. Be rude Have an unpredictable sense of humor Have favorite employees and treat them differently Be authoritarian Don t take opinions into consideration Criticize whenever there is a problem
Leia o texto abaixo e responda as questões 6 e 7. It s impossible to say precisely how many people work in green jobs. Walk the hallways of energy firms and you ll meet a fair number of physicists and chemists. But as these technologies mature, they need traditional business people, too. There is a solar-panel manufacturer that employs more than 550 workers, and which currently has 38 job openings. Some of those spots require a Ph.D., but the firm has also been hiring in human resources, accounting and information technology. Even employees at alt-energy firms acknowledge that renewable energy has suffered false starts in the past. Still, even skeptics suggest that for young workers charting a career path, the industry s allure is hard to beat. (The Power of the Sun Newsweek Magazine, Vol. CL, No 16) Questão 6 Would you like to have a green job? Why? Why should a company in this sector give you chance? Yes, I would like this kind of job. I love thinking about nature and the future of the world. I deserve a chance because I have been involved in many different school projects that worried about nature and our behavior consequences to the future of the world. I would like to have a job in a green company for several reasons: I like outdoor sports and for that I need a healthy environment. I live in a very poor neighborhood and several companies could develop social green programs to help these communities and I have many ideas. And the most important thing: I believe we are killing our planet and having a job in a green company would clear my conscience. Not really, because it is a very complex area and I prefer something more simple and easy. Questão 7 Write three sentences, one with each of the connectives asked. Your sentences should be related to the text above. A. Even though Even though it has become fashionable to talk about the environment there aren t enough employees to work in green jobs. Even though the solar-panel manufacturer employs more than 550 workers, it currently has 38 job openings. Even though energy firms employ a fair number of physicists and chemists, they need traditional business people. Even though renewable energy has suffered false starts in the past, it is a career choice for young people. Even though some spots require a Ph.D., the firm has also been hiring in human resources, accounting and information technology. B. Therefore Energy firms do a lot a research. Therefore, they employ a fair number of physicists and chemists. Energy firms need traditional business people. Therefore, they have been hiring in human resources, accounting and information technology. Skeptics suggest that there is a good chance of a career path for young workers in energy firms. Therefore, it is a hard to beat job market. C. However A solar-panel manufacturer employs more than 550 workers. However, it has 38 job openings. Some of those spots require a Ph.D., however the firm has also been hiring in human resources, accounting and information technology Employees at alt-energy firms acknowledge that renewable energy has suffered false starts in the past. However, even skeptics suggest that for young workers charting a career path, the industry s allure is hard to beat. Leia o texto abaixo e responda as questões 8, 9 e 10. The question Why aren t pizza boxes recyclable? was asked at Yahoo. Several internet users have posted answers. Here is the answer the asker picked. Pizza boxes are only non-recyclable when they are soaked with oil, sauce and cheese. So long as you keep the boxes clean, you can recycle them along with your other paper and cardboard waste. Should your boxes become messy, you can still "recycle" them... Allow me to introduce you to composting. Composting is a great benefit to the environment, not only does it create beautiful mineral-rich soil, it also drastically reduces landfill waste (which it seems you are interested in). Compost is not just for those who live on a farm, or in the woods, and, no, it does not stink like cow manure (unless you put cow manure in it). I live in the city, and I keep a compost bin in my kitchen. Compost is made of two basic components: greens (produce waste such as fruit peels, vegetable skins, etc.) and browns (dried plants and flowers, eggshells, food-soaked napkins and paper towels, pizza boxes, etc). Keep the levels of these components even, mix well and often (to aerate), and you too can have a happy little compost bin! By composting you can keep your contribution to the landfills low, green up your garden with super-potent soil, and not have to rely on the limitations of your city to recycle your pizza boxes!
Questão 8 A. De acordo com a resposta dada pelo internauta, é verdadeiro afirmar que devemos nos preocupar em limpar as caixas de pizza para reciclá-las? Explique. Não. Podemos utilizá-las para fazer um tipo de adubo caseiro. As caixas só não são recicláveis quando estão encharcadas em óleo, molho e queijo. Porém, mesmo sujas elas são recicláveis. B. Quais os componentes básicos do adubo caseiro? Cite alguns dos elementos que os formam. Componentes básicos: verdes e marrons. Eles são formados por cascas de frutas e verduras, plantas e flores secas, cascas de ovos, papel toalha e guardanapos sujos de comida e caixas de pizza. C. Quais as vantagens do adubo caseiro? Reduzir a quantidade de lixo, melhorar a qualidade do solo em jardins, não depender de iniciativas do poder público para a reciclagem. D. Explique: Keep the levels of these components even, mix well and often (to aerate), and you too can have a happy little compost bin! É preciso haver equilíbrio entre os elementos do composto, misturá-los bem e com freqüência para se ter um composto para uso doméstico. Questão 9 A. Do you recycle? What? How? Yes, I do. At home we separate everything: plastic, paper, soft drink bottles, cans, food remains. We put them in different plastic bags and when the garbage recycling people come to the neighborhood we deliver those bags to them. No, I don t, because I don t know how or what to do with recyclable things. The city where I live doesn t have a recycling system and even if I separate things at home the garbage collectors just put everything together and throw it all in the same place. Yes, I do. I make art craft from soft drinks bottles. I ve made purses and cushions. Yes, I do. I save used cooking oil for my mother s friend to make soap. B. What can be done so that more people recycle? Name three suggestions. The city needs to collect garbage separately. People need special places to put garbage. There needs to be a special group of people to work on recyclable materials. Encourage poor communities to recycle, showing the potential money they can make from it. Spread the idea of organic food using organic waste in country areas. Create workshops in poor communities to teach them how to recycle to make products they can use. The city could promote: Recycling campaigns Selective collection Warehouses to place the selected garbage Money in return for recycling Prizes for the most contributing district of the city School competitions
Questão 10 A. Using a modal verb, tell someone what to do before throwing away a pizza box. You should clean the box for it not to stink. You might want to throw it away in a clean place for recycling. You can leave some leftovers in the box and still recycle it. B. Continue the sentence since it does not stink like cow manure, I can have it in my kitchen. you can leave it under the sink. my guests won t hate visiting my house because of the smell. one can use it in the living room. you can put some around your flowers in your own garden or even indoors. C. Using reported speech, report a. Should your boxes become messy, you can still "recycle" them. He said that should my boxes become messy, I could still recycle them. I was told that if my boxes became messy I could still recycle them. b. I live in the city, and I keep a compost bin in my kitchen. He told me he lived in the city and he kept a compost bin in his kitchen.