C - 1.00 Introductory Instructions

INTRODUCTION GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR USE Year C - 1.00 Introductory Instructions NDJI No. 1986 [Title Page and Nature of Case] (Illustration) C - 1.01 1999 Instruction References C - 1.02 1986 Multiple Plaintiffs C - 1.10 2001 Multiple Defendants C - 1.11 1986 [Counterclaim] [Cross-claim] [Third-party Claim] C - 1.20 1986 Statement of Plaintiff's Claim (Illustration) C - 1.21 1986 Statement of Defense and Issues Tendered by Defendant C - 1.22 (Illustration) 2001 Function of Pleadings C - 1.30 2002 Burden of Proof - Greater Weight of the Evidence C - 1.40 2002 Burden of Proof - Clear and Convincing Evidence C - 1.41 2001 Meaning of "Find" C - 1.50 2003 Party Acting as Own Attorney C - 1.52 1999 Note Taking by Jurors C - 1.55 2013 Duties of Jurors and Conduct C - 1.57 C - 2.00 30.99 Tort Liability 2004 Responsibility for Conduct C - 2.01 2003 Negligence C - 2.05 2002 Evidence of Compliance or Non-Compliance With Statute C - 2.06 2005 Gross Negligence Defined (Good Samaritan Act) C - 2.10 2005 Gross Negligence Defined (Acts of a Public Official/Police Officer) C - 2.11 2008 Proximate Cause C - 2.15 2000 Acting in Concert C - 2.17 2004 Measure of Duty of Minor to Exercise Care C - 2.20 1986 Voluntary Intoxication C - 2.25 2002 Malice C - 2.30 1996 Malice of Corporate Officers C - 2.35 2004 Advice of Counsel C - 2.40 2004 Action for Damages by Spouse Against Spouse C - 2.60 2002 Assumption of Risk C - 2.75 2002 Momentary Forgetfulness of Danger C - 2.76 2001 Sudden Emergency C - 2.77 2000 Definition of Fault C - 2.80 2002 Comparative Fault C - 2.82 2000 Accident-Causing Fault and Injury-Causing Fault C - 2.84 2000 No Inference of Fault From an Accident or Injury C - 2.86

Motor Vehicle Liability 1986 Operation of Motor Vehicle (General Care Required) C - 3.01 1990 Operation of Motor Vehicle (Speed Restrictions) C - 3.02 2004 Operation of Motor Vehicle (Impaired Driver) C - 3.03 2004 Under the Influence of Intoxicant (Driver of Motor Vehicle) C - 3.05 2003 Duty to Assist C - 3.12 2003 Family Car Doctrine C - 3.16 2001 Right-of-Way at Intersection C - 3.18 1986 Left Turn at Intersection C - 3.20 1986 Duty of Driver Having Right-of-Way C - 3.22 1986 Obedience to Police Officer or Firefighter C - 3.24 1986 Obedience Required to Traffic Control Devices C - 3.26 1986 Traffic Control Devices C - 3.28 2003 Highway Protected by "Yield" Sign C - 3.30 2003 Highway Protected by "Stop" Sign C - 3.32 1986 Pedestrian Control Signals C - 3.34 2003 Flashing Signals C - 3.36 1986 Interference With Official Traffic Control Device or Railroad Sign C - 3.38 or Signal 1986 Stopping Vehicle on Roadway C - 3.40 1986 Drive on Right Side of Roadway - Exceptions C - 3.42 1986 Passing Vehicles Proceeding in Opposite Directions C - 3.44 1986 Overtaking Vehicle on Left C - 3.46 1986 When Overtaking Vehicle on Right Permitted C - 3.48 1986 Limitations on Overtaking on Left C - 3.50 1986 Further Limitations on Driving on Left to Center of Roadway C - 3.52 1986 Class B Authorized Emergency Vehicle C - 3.54 1986 Entering Expressway - Right-of-Way C - 3.56 1986 Care in Towing Trailer C - 3.58 2002 Duty of Driver to Keep Lookout (Railroad Crossing) C - 3.60 1986 Duty to Train Employees - Right-of-Way C - 3.62 2003 Duty of Train Employees - Backing Movement C - 3.64 1986 Duty of Driver to Stop and Wait C - 3.66 2003 Serious Injury - Definition C - 3.70 2002 Duty of Passenger C - 3.80 2003 Passenger Not Responsible for Driver s Fault C - 3.84 Miscellaneous Torts 1997 Dram Shop Liability C - 5.00 2010 Obviously Intoxicated Person Defined C - 5.10 2010 Sale of Alcoholic Beverages to a Person Under 21 Years of Age Good C - 5.20 Faith Defense 2009 Knowingly (Dram Shop) C - 5.30 2004 Animals Known to be Vicious C - 6.00

2004 Landlord Liability for Animals Known to be Vicious C - 6.40 2004 Civil Conspiracy C - 7.00 2004 Conversion C - 7.10 1994 Deceit C - 8.00 2005 Puffing Not Deceit C - 8.10 1997 Defamation C - 9.00 1997 Libel C - 9.10 1997 Slander C - 9.20 1997 Privileged Communication C - 9.30 1997 Publication C - 9.40 1997 Invasion of Privacy C - 9.50 2007 Drainage of Surface Waters C - 10.00 2006 Watercourse C - 10.10 1986 Drainway C - 10.20 2005 Drainage Along Highways (Maintenance) C - 10.30 2005 Drainage Along Highways (Construction or Reconstruction) C - 10.35 2007 Act of God (Drainage of Surface Waters) C - 10.40 2005 False Imprisonment C - 11.00 2006 Instigation of False Imprisonment) C - 11.30 2008 False Arrest and Unlawful Detention by Private Person C - 11.40 1999 Assault C - 12.00 2013 Justifiable Response to Assault C - 12.05 1999 Battery C - 12.10 2006 Malicious Prosecution (Elements) C - 13.00 2006 Institution of a Proceeding Defined (Malicious Prosecution) C - 13.10 2006 Definition of Probable Cause (Malicious Prosecution) C - 13.20 1994 Medical Negligence (Elements) C - 14.00 1994 Physician's Standard of Care C - 14.10 1994 Malpractice (Emergency Treatment) - Comments Regarding C - 14.15 Elimination of Jury Instruction 2006 Physician's Duty to Disclose (Informed Consent) C - 14.20 1994 Bad Result C - 14.30 1994 Duty of Hospital C - 14.40 2005 Malpractice (Duty of Patient) C - 14.50 1996 Legal Negligence (Elements) C - 15.00 1996 Legal Negligence (Lawyer's Standard of Care) C - 15.15 1996 Legal Negligence (Proximate Cause - Damages) C - 15.20 2006 Roadways, Streets, and Sidewalks - Duty of State or Political C - 16.00 Subdivision 2006 Notice to State or Political Subdivision (Roadways, Streets, and C - 16.05 Sidewalks 2008 Ice and Snow C - 16.07 2008 Duty of State for Damages Caused by [Snow and Ice] [Frost or Loose Snow] on Highways or Sidewalks Not Abutting a State Owned Building or Parking Lot C - 16.09

2008 Liability of Municipality for Damages Caused by [Snow and Ice] C - 16.10 [Frost or Loose Snow] on [Sidewalk] [Crosswalk] 1996 Pedestrian - General Duty C - 16.11 1995 Duty of Pedestrian - Traffic Control Devices C - 16.13 1995 Duty of Pedestrian Crossing Roadway in Crosswalk C - 16.14 1995 Duty of Pedestrian Crossing Roadway - No Crosswalk C - 16.15 1995 Pedestrian on Roadway C - 16.16 2002 Duty of Care Owed by School C - 16.18 1994 Landlord/Tenant Common Area - Duty C - 17.00 1994 Unsafe Condition of Premises C - 17.05 1995 Duty of Owner, Occupant, or Lessor of Premises C - 17.08 2003 Duty of Possessor to Lawful Entrant - Injury Caused by C - 17.10 Condition of Premises 1995 Duty to Trespasser C - 17.20 1995 Premises Dangerous to Child C - 17.30 2005 Loss of Consortium C - 18.00 1991 Duty of Insurance Agent C - 19.00 2003 Insurer s Duty to Act in Good Faith C - 19.10 1997 Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress C - 20.00 1997 Severe Defined C - 20.10 1997 Extreme and Outrageous Defined C - 20.15 1997 Effect of Relationship of Parties C - 20.20 1997 Susceptibility of Plaintiff C - 20.30 1997 Intentional and Reckless Defined C - 20.40 1998 Permissible Conduct C - 20.50 2005 Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress for the Safety of Another C - 20.65 2006 Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress for the Plaintiff s Own Safety C - 20.66 2007 Strict Products Liability C - 21.00 2007 Defective and Unreasonably Dangerous Defined C - 21.01 2007 Product Bearing an Adequate Warning Not Defective C - 21.02 2007 Product Liability Negligence C - 21.03 2007 Warning C - 21.05 2007 Knowledge and Obviousness of Danger C - 21.06 2007 Rebuttable Heeding Presumption C - 21.07 2007 Negligent Failure to Warn of a Danger Learned Post-Sale C - 21.25 2007 Alteration or Modification C - 21.30 2002 Assumption of Risk (Strict Products Liability) C - 21.35 2007 Misuse C - 21.40 2007 Government and Industry Standards C - 21.41 2008 Extended Use C - 21.42 2000 Sex Discrimination (Hostile Work Environment) C - 22.10 2005 Wrongful Death C - 23.00 2004 Intentional Interference With Contract C - 24.00 2003 Unlawful Interfence With Business C - 24.10 2007 Civil Rights Violation C - 25.00

2013 Employer Retaliation C - 26.00 2013 Elements of a Retaliatory Discharge Claim C - 26.01 2013 Protected Activity C - 26.02 2013 Causal Connection C - 26.03 C - 40.00 Wills and Gifts 2004 Omitted Spouse C - 40.01 2004 Intent of Testator C - 40.05 1996 Disposition of Property by Will - General Considerations C - 40.10 1996 Undue Influence - Burden of Proof C - 40.20 1996 Undue Influence - Essential Elements C - 40.25 2004 Previous Proceedings C - 40.30 2005 Findings Validity of Will (Undue Influence) C - 40.35 2005 Gift of Personal Property C - 40.40 C - 50.00 Contracts 1995 Contract Defined C - 50.01 1995 Contract - Parties C - 50.02 1995 Contract - Third Party Beneficiary C - 50.04 1995 Contract - Object C - 50.06 1995 Contract - Express or Implied C - 50.08 1995 Contracts - Oral or Written C - 50.10 1995 Contracts - Mutual Consent C - 50.12 1995 Contracts - Revocation C - 50.16 1995 Contracts - Consideration C - 50.18 1995 Contracts - Modification C - 50.20 1995 Contracts - Conditions Precedent, Concurrent, or Subsequent C - 50.22 1995 Contract - Interpretation C - 50.24 1986 Waiver C - 50.26 1999 Unintentional Misrepresentation - Contract C - 50.32 1999 Constructive Fraud C - 50.34 1995 Contract - Breach C - 50.50 2007 Bailment for Mutual Benefit C - 52.00 2007 Implied Warranty of Bailor C - 52.05 2007 Warranty of Bailor Limited C - 52.08 2004 Duty of Carrier (Passengers) C - 52.20 2004 Duty of Carrier (Property) C - 52.25 1986 Claim Under Non-owned Automobile Provision of Insurance Policy C - 52.40 C - 55.00 Legal Entities

1997 Agency C - 55.01 1997 Agent's Authority is Either Actual or Apparent C - 55.02 1997 Ratification C - 55.04 1997 Agent Represents Principal C - 55.06 1997 Apparent Agency - Basis of Authority C - 55.08 1997 Agency - Burden of Proof C - 55.10 2010 Negligence of Agent Chargeable to Principal C - 55.12 2010 Employer Responsible for Fault of Employee C - 55.13 1986 Alternative Findings (Negligence Action - Disputed Agency) C - 55.14 (Illustration) 1998 Joint Ventures C - 55.20 2010 Independent Contractor - Distinction C - 55.25 2010 Partnership C - 55.40 2010 Liability of Partner C - 55.45 2010 Acts of Partners C - 55.46 2010 Purported Partner C - 55.50 2010 Representation as Partner C - 55.55 C - 60.00 Defenses See Cross Reference for Number Changes (APPENDIX) C - 70.00 Damages 2000 Damages (In General) C - 70.01 2003 Damages (Liability Admitted) C - 70.02 2000 Damages Defined C - 70.04 2004 Burden of Proving Damages C - 70.06 2003 Adequate Compensation (Tort) C - 70.10 2003 Damages - Aggravation of Pre-existing Condition C - 70.22 2004 Aggravation of Pre-existing Condition C - 70.24 1993 Condition Unrelated to Defendant's Wrongdoing C - 70.26 2004 Workmen's Compensation Benefits C - 70.30 2000 Elements of Damages (Personal Injury) C - 70.35 2005 Loss of Consortium C - 70.37 1995 Elements of Damages (Wrongful Death) C - 70.38 2004 Special Items of Detriment (Wrongful Death) C - 70.40 2002 Life Expectancy (Wrongful Death) C - 70.47 2002 Life Expectancy C - 70.50 2001 Damages for Future Detriment Reduced to Present Worth C - 70.52 1986 Measure of Damages (Wrongful Detention) C - 70.54 2004 Damages for Conversion of Personalty C - 70.56

1986 Reasonable Value or Fair Market Value C - 70.58 2004 When Peculiar Value to Person Deemed Value C - 70.60 2008 Measure of Damages [False Imprisonment] [Malicious Prosecution] C - 70.62 2005 Exemplary Damages Not Allowable C - 70.65 2006 Exemplary or Punitive Damages C - 72.00 1996 Exemplary Damages - Compensatory Damages Required C - 72.02 2005 Exemplary Damages (Products Liability) C - 72.04 2005 Exemplary Damages (Impaired Driver) C - 72.05 2006 Exemplary Damages (Principal/Agent) C - 72.06 2007 Exemplary Damages (Harm to Others) C - 72.07 2005 Oppression C - 72.10 1995 Fraud as a Basis for Exemplary Damages C - 72.12 2005 Actual Malice C - 72.16 2005 Measure of Damages (Benefit of the Bargainl) C - 73.00 2005 Measure of Damages (Contracts in General) C - 74.00 2004 Value of Property to Seller C - 74.02 2004 Value of Property to [Buyer] [Owner] C - 74.04 2004 Loss of Profits as Damages C - 74.06 2004 Measure of Damages (Goods Not as Represented or Warranted) C - 74.08 2004 Value of Attorney's Services C - 74.12 1991 Fair Value Defined (Deficiency Judgment) C - 74.15 2008 Elements of Damages (Miscellaneous) C - 74.20 2001 Duty to Avoid or Minimize Damages C - 74.25 2005 Quotient Verdict C - 74.40 1997 Interest on Damages C - 74.60 C - 75.00 Eminent Domain 2006 Eminent Domain C - 75.01 2008 Propriety of Taking Not in Issue C - 75.03 2006 Burden of Proof (Eminent Domain) C - 75.04 2008 Just Compensation for Property Taken C - 75.05 2008 Special Needs and Values Disregarded C - 75.06 2008 Severance Damages C - 75.10 2008 Damage to Business C - 75.12 2008 [Lack] [Impairment] of Access After Taking C - 75.14 2008 When Right to [Compensation] [and] [Damages] Accrues C - 75.16 2008 Limitation of Award C - 75.18 2008 Consequential Damages C - 75.20 2008 Allowance for Benefit C - 75.22 2008 Cost of Moving Personal Property C - 75.24 2008 Controlled-Access Facility Defined C - 75.28 2008 Attorney's Fees and Costs in Eminent Domain C - 75.30

C - 80.00 Evidence 1998 Weight and Credibility C - 80.01 2001 Impeachment C - 80.02 2011 Lay Opinion C - 80.04 2010 Testimony of Expert C - 80.05 2001 Oral Admission Viewed with Caution C - 80.06 2010 Testimony of Property Owner C - 80.08 2001 [Audio-Visual] Depositions C - 80.10 2010 Interrogatories C - 80.12 2001 Failure to Produce [Evidence] [Witness] C - 80.30 2001 Number of Witnesses C - 80.32 2001 Proof of Fact by Testimony of Single Witness C - 80.34 2008 Preceding a View C - 80.39 2008 View of Premises C - 80.40 1998 Direct and Circumstantial Evidence C - 80.50 2001 Res Ipsa Loquitur C - 80.54 2010 Insurance Admonition C - 80.56 2008 Presumption C - 80.60 2008 Presumption of Fair Market Value (Deficiency Judgment) (Without Notice and/or Commercial Reasonableness) C - 80.66 2008 Presumption of Fair Market Value (Deficiency Judgment) (With Notice and Commercial Reasonableness) C - 80.67 2001 Intent C - 80.70 C - 85.00 Closing Instructions 2006 Statements by Counsel and Judge C - 85.01 2006 Duty to Accept Law From Court C - 85.10 2010 Judicial Notice C - 85.11 1996 Fair Treatment Under the Law C - 85.15 2006 Deliberations and Conduct of Jury C - 85.20 2008 Sealed Verdict C - 85.30 2006 Forms of Verdict and Submission of Case (General Verdict C - 85.52 With Interrogatories) 2006 Forms of Verdict and Submission of Case (Special Verdict) C - 85.54 2006 Duty of the Jury/Deadlocked Jury [Allen Charge] C - 85.70 2006 Assisting Jurors at Impasse C - 85.75 C - 90.00 Verdict Forms 2013 General Verdict for Plaintiff (Illustration) (DELETED) C - 90.01

2013 General Verdict for Defendant (Illustration) (DELETED) C - 90.05 2013 General Verdict for Plaintiff and for Dismissal of Counterclaim C - 90.10 (Illustration) (DELETED) 2013 General Verdict for Defendant on Counterclaim and for Dismissal of C - 90.15 Plaintiff's Claim (Illustration) (DELETED) 2013 General Verdict of Dismissal of Claim and Counterclaim (DELETED) C - 90.20 2008 Verdict Invalidating Will (Illustration) C - 90.25 2008 Verdict Upholding Will (Illustration) C - 90.26 2008 Verdict for Plaintiff - Conversion - Exemplary Damages (Illustration) C - 90.30 2008 Verdict Awarding Compensation and Damages in Eminent Domain C - 90.35 (Illustration) 2013 Special Verdict - Comparative Negligence (Illustration) C - 90.50 2013 Special Verdict Form (DELETED) C - 90.56