Introduction to EU integrated project : technologies for safe water supplies 21. Berliner Wasserwerkstatt Kolloquium des Kompetenzzentrums Wasser Berlin 28. Januar 2008 Theo van den Hoven KWR Watercycle Research Institute 1
GLobal challenges Climate change Barcelona intake July Barcelona intake September Source: Jordi Martín-Alonso (AGBAR) Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 2 2
Shipping drinking water to Barcelona Summer 2008 Source: Jordi Martín-Alonso (AGBAR) Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 3 3
Water stress in Europe Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 4 4
Global Challenges Population growth and urbanisation 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Billions Less Developed Regions More Developed Regions 1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050 Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision (medium scenario),. Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 5 5
Other issues in Eastern Europe Dzeramā ūdens patēriħš, l/dienā uz cilvēku Water consumption l/pc/pd 250 227 228 200 217 213 150 100 50 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 194 1998. 147 153 137 1999 2000 2001 Laiks, gadi 135 2002 130 2003 125 2004 120 HPC (CFU /ml). 1 000 000 100 000 A 10 000 1 000 100 10 1 0 10 20 30 water distribution time (h) Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 6 6
Global Challenges New pollutants in our resources Nano/Bio Ageing population Cultivation of energy crops & biogas production sturm@tzw.de Multi barrier approach needed Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 7 7
Are our water supplies really safe? More illness among consumers after distribution system works 0,7 % affected yearly!? Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 8 Recent Norwegian study proves significant effect of low pressure events on gastrointestinal illness among residents.for Norway, it was extrapolated that each year 1 out of 140 people is affected. Again an example that suboptimal operation may compromise public health 8
Global challenges Climate Change and Energy Urbanisation Emerging pollutants Ageing infrastructure Globalisation More efficiency New technologies www.techneau.eu Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 9 9
Rethink current water supply systems, provide improved technologies and practices 19 Mil., 2006-2011 Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 10 10
The team > 100 researchers, 30 institutes Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 11 11
partners Strong involvement Germany Universities & Research Institutes Technology Providers Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 12 12
Case studies to stimulate integration and end user involvement Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 13 13
State-of-the-art reviews Research, operational experience, equipment H O Cl Othe r chlor ine spec ies MT equipment for Small Scale Systems Database oxidation processes Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 14 14
New water quality detection tools Estrogens Glucocorticoids Progestins Androgens Thyroids Biological detection system for chemical contaminants Molecular detection methods for pathogens automatic feeding and illumination electrodes: e.g. flow, temperature, chlorine measuring computer and software dechlorination Multi-sensor platform/uv probe Low budget fish biomonitoring system Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 15 15
Water Treatment Technologies - air permeate submerged UF module UV based oxidation O2 retentate Oxidation O 3 UV/H 2 O 2 UV/TiO 2 Biofiltration Biofilm reactor Susp. biomass Memb. Filtr. NF UF MF OBM process Ceramic/polymeric membranes Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 16 16
NF-membranes do not remove all pollutants Multi-barrier-systems needed 100 90 R e je c tio n (% ) 80 70 60 50 40 NF GAC 30 20 NF-GAC 10 0 T e rb utalin e Salbutam ol P ind o lol P ro pa n olo l A te n olo l Positively charged M e to pro lo l S o ta lo l C lenbuterol Fe n az o n /a nt ipy rin e Am inopyrine C arbam azepine C yclophospham ide P e nt ox y filline Ib u pro fe n C lofibric acid Fe n op ro fe n Gem fibrozil K e to pro fe n Negatively charged D ic lo fe n ac B e zaf ib ra te Arne Verliefde, Ph.D. Thesis, October 2008 Neutral Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 17 17
River bank filtration Low-cost technology for developing countries Test the perspectives for Delhi Assess the performance in climate and pollution conditions different to Europe Gunnar Lorenzen, Christoph Sprenger Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 18 18
Work on Small Scale Systems SSS-Task Force Decentralised drinking water supply: POU & small systems Membrane systems MF, UF, NF, RO, ED Wells (without treatment) Water harvesting Boiling* Solar disinfection (heat only)* Solar disinfection (heat + UV)* Chemical disinfection (chlorine)* Coagulation / Filtration / Chlorination* Adsorption UV-LED Membrane and UV based disinfection systems Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 19 Growing need for small scale systems not only in rural areas, also in fast growing urbanised aeas. No time and money for large scale solutions. Smart solutions using local water resources are needed. Example (choice of WHO for developing countries) : Boiling Solar disinfection by the combined action of heat and UV radiation (SODIS) Solar disinfection by heat alone UV disinfection with lamps Chlorination plus storage in appropriate vessel Combined systems on chemical coagulation-filtration and chlorine disinfection 19
Improving operational performance of existing systems European Water treatment simulator Enhanced coagulation Bjørnar Eikebrokk Discoloured water Jan Vreeburg Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 20 20
Toolbox to support implementation of Water Safety Plans (WSP) Framework for Safe Drinking-Water WSP toolbox Health Based Targets Water Safety Plans Water Quantity Targets Independent Surveillance Hazard database Risk assessment methods System Assessment Operational Monitoring Management plans, Documentation and communication Best practices Risk reduction options In cooperation with IWA Bonn Network Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 21 21
Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 22 22
Acknowledgement colleagues PAC: Peter Wilderer (Eur. Ac. Sci.&Art.), Keith Robertson (IWA), Riku Vahala (EUREAU), Frans Schulting (GWRC) EC: Panagiotis Balabanis (DG Research) Co-funded by EC under FP6 Sustainable Development, Global Change and Ecosystems, contract-no. 018320-02 Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 23 23
Thanks www.techneau.eu Berliner Wasserwerkstatt 090128 24 24