Contributors Alex Alvarez, Ph.D. Director, The Martin-Springer Institute for Teaching the Holocaust, Tolerance and Humanitarian Values Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, Arizona Lisa Colleen Andersen Master s Student, Lisa Andrews, M.S. Doctoral Student, Sam Houston State University Huntsville, Texas Michael P. Arena, M.A. University of California Extension, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz, California Michael Bardsley Master s Student LaPorte, Indiana Curt Bartol, Ph.D. Professor and Director, Forensic Psychology Program Castleton State College Castleton, Vermont James Black, Ph.D. Professor/Chair, Legal Studies University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Amy Bouasy, M.S. Valencia, California Miranda Brockett, Psy.D. Department of Justice Federal Correctional Institute, Marianna Marianna, Florida Amy Bronswick, Psy.D. Clinical Psychologist San Quentin State Prison San Quentin, California Phil Caporale Sheriff s Sergeant Fresno County Sheriff s Department Natalie Cardonna, M.S. Deputy Probation Officer III, Madera County Probation Department Madera, California Joyce L. Carbonell, Ph.D. Psychology Department and Women s Studies Program Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida Linda Cepeda, M.S. Dinuba, California Brian Champion, M.L.S., M.A. Doctoral Candidate World Politics Librarian Brigham Young University Provo, Utah Nileen Clark Undergraduate Student, California State Colleen Condren Master s Candidate Lansing, Michigan Carol Coppock, M.S.N., F.N.P., C.S., R.N., B.C. Professor, xxv
xxvi Encyclopedia of Murder and Violent Crime Gary V. Cortner, M.S. Assistant Laboratory Director California Department of Justice Regional Laboratory Peter Cramer Tvavagen 3 196 31 Kungsangen Sweden L. Edward Day, Ph.D. Asst. Professor of Criminal Justice and Sociology Pennsylvania State University, Altoona Altoona, Pennsylvania Marlene M. Deal, M.S., Ph.D. Deirdre M. B. D Orazio, Ph.D. Cayucos, California Thomas R. Dull, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Kim Egger Graduate Student Freeport, Texas Steven A. Egger, Ph.D. University of Houston, Clear Lake Houston, Texas William L. Eller, J.D. Deputy Prosecuting Attorney Yakima, Washington Sarah Ferguson Doctoral Candidate-AIU/CSPP Psychology Intern-Boston University School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts Kenneth R. Fineman, Ph.D. Associate Clinical Professor of Medical Psychology Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior School of Medicine University of California, Irvine Irvine, California James Alan Fox, Ph.D. The Lipman Family Professor of Criminal Justice Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts Kimberly L. Freiberger Doctoral Candidate, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virginia John Randolph Fuller, Ph.D. Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Karen Gardner Supervisory Special Agent Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Academy Quantico, Virginia Lt. Milt Gauthier Madera County Sheriff s Department Bass Lake, California L. Kay Gillespie, Ph.D. Chair, Department of Criminal Justice Weber State University Ogden, Utah Christian Draven Godwin, Ph.D. Los Angeles, California Bradford L. Gorby, M.S. Police Officer Los Angeles Police Department Long Beach, California Lynn Gunn, M.S. Doctoral Candidate, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, New Brunswick Victoria Hamilton, J.D. Mark Hamm, Ph.D. Department of Indiana State University Terre Haute, Indiana Laura W. Hamon, Ph.D. Bakersfield, California
Contributors xxvii Kathleen M. Heide, Ph.D. Professor, Department of University of South Florida Tampa, Florida Martha Hernandez Undergraduate Student, California State Kevin Howells, Ph.D. Professor, Forensic and Applied Psychology Research Group University of South Australia, North Terrace Adelaide, South Australia Vikki Irby, M.S. Madera County Probation Officer Madera, California Jami Jenkins, M.S. Undergraduate Student, California State Bill Jones California Secretary of State Sacramento, California Marcee Kerr Seattle, Washington Susann Kimmelman Doctoral Candidate, City University of New York John Jay College of Criminal Justice New York, New York Patricia Kirby, Ph.D. The College of Notre Dame Baltimore, Maryland Lloyd Klein, Ph.D. Asst. Professor, Department of History and Social Sciences Louisiana State University Shreveport, Louisiana Vickie Krenz, Ph.D. Department of Health Science Linda Lou Kreuger-Long, M.S. Serving Sangamon Springfield, Illinois Marc J. LaFountain, Ph.D. Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and University of West Georgia Jack Levin, Ph.D. Director and Professor, Brudnick Center on Violence and Conflict Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts Robert Levine, Ph.D. Department of Psychology Elliott Leyton, Ph.D. Department of Anthropology Memorial University St. John s, Newfoundland Canada Denise Lowe Coarsegold, California Tracey Lowey Crime Analyst Calgary Police Department Calgary, Alberta, Canada Michael D. Lyman, Ph.D. Columbia College Columbia, Missouri Carla Marquez Graduate Student The Graduate Center, City University of New York New York, New York Yvonne Martinez, Psy.D. Central California Women s Facility, Mental Health Department Chowchilla, California N. Jane McCandless, Ph.D. Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and
xxviii Encyclopedia of Murder and Violent Crime Richard McCorkle, Ph.D. Department of Criminal Justice University of Nevada, Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada Robert McNamara, Ph.D. Department of Sociology Furman University Greenville, South Carolina Terance Meithe, Ph.D. Department of Criminal Justice University of Nevada, Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada Donna Mobley-Lutz, M.S. Program Manager, Fresno County Department of Children and Family Services Nicole L. Mott, Ph.D. Court Research Associate National Center for State Courts Williamsburg, Virginia Monica Myers Master s Student, California State James E. Newman, M.P.A. Professor, Criminal Justice Program Rio Hondo College Whittier, California Ian Nisbet, M.A. Griffith Adolescent Forensic Assessment and Treatment Centre Mt. Gravatt Campus, Griffith University Queensland, Australia Janna Oddie, Psy.D. Central California Women s Facility, Mental Health Department Chowchilla, California Steven Opager Salt Lake City, Utah Holly Peacock-Hickey Coarsegold, California Thomas Petee, Ph.D. Department of Sociology Auburn University Auburn, Alabama Stefanie Petrucci-Mahaffey, M.S., J.D. Deputy District Attorney Sacramento County Office of the District Attorney Sacramento, California Gary W. Potter, Ph.D. Department of Criminal Justice and Police Studies Eastern Kentucky University Richmond, Kentucky Jana Price-Sharps, Ed.D. Professor, Forensic Psychology Program Alliant International University Catherine Purcell, Ph.D. Forensic Psychologist, North Kern State Prison California Department of Corrections Tehachapi, California Katherine Ray Master s Student, California School of Professional Psychology Lorraine R. Reitzel, M.A. Doctoral Candidate, Clinical Psychology Department of Psychology Florida State University Tallahassee, Florida Albert R. Roberts, Ph.D. Professor and Director of Faculty Development Interdisciplinary Program in Criminal Justice Rutgers, State University of New Jersey Livingston College Campus Piscataway, New Jersey D. Kim Rossmo, Ph.D. Director of Research, Police Foundation Washington, D.C. Brianna Satterthwaite Doctoral Candidate, California School of Professional Psychology
Contributors xxix Harald Otto Schweizer, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Sharon Shaffer, M.S. Captain, Fresno Police Department Candice Skrapec, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Tatia Smith Master s of Arts Program, Vermont College Dallas, Texas Elizabeth M. Stanczak, Ph.D. Assistant Director, Counseling Services University of Texas, San Antonio San Antonio, Texas Sandra S. Stone, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Elizabeth Swearingen Doctoral Candidate University of California, Davis/California State Tawnya Tangel, M.Ed., J.D. Deputy Prosecuting Attorney Yakima, Washington Jim Tarver Senior Criminologist Fresno County Sheriff s Department Marsha L. Tarver, Ph.D. Department of Patricia Tjaden, Ph.D. Tjaden Research Corporation Breckenridge, Colorado Judith Tucker, M.S. Senior Investigator, Fresno County District Attorney s Office Rocky C. Underwood, Ph.D. Clinical Psychologist California State Prison Corcoran Mental Health Services Corcoran, California Margaret Vandiver, Ph.D. Department of and Criminal Justice University of Memphis Memphis, Tennessee Byron Viets Master s Candidate, California State Corey J. Vitello, M.A. Forensic Psychology Program School of Social and Policy Studies Alliant International University Valeska Vitt Doctoral Candidate Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt Frankfurt/Main, Germany Steven D. Walker, Ph.D. Department of Harvey Wallace, J.D. Chairman, Department of Alexa Wasserman, Psy.D. Forensic Psychologist, Central California Women s Facility Chowchilla, California Eidell Wasserman, Ph.D. Victim Services Consultant Verdi, Nevada
xxx Encyclopedia of Murder and Violent Crime Haley Suzanne Whitford, Ph.D. Forensic and Applied Psychology Research Group University of South Australia, City East Campus Adelaide, Australia Christopher R. Williams, Ph.D. Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Robyn L. Williams, M.A. San Diego, California Mindy S. Wilson, M.A. Doctoral Candidate, Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania Arthur Wint, J.D. Department of / Peace and Conflict Studies Program Janice E. Clifford Wittekind, Ph.D. Asst. Professor, Department of Sociology Auburn University Auburn, Alabama Vickie L. Woosley Supervisory Special Agent Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Academy Quantico, Virginia Debbie Wray McCormick, Barstow, Sheppard, Wayte & Carruth LLP Steven M. Wright Forensic and Applied Psychology Research Group University of South Australia, North Terrace Adelaide, South Australia Jane A. Younglove, M.S., J.D. Associate Professor, Forensic Psychology Program School of Social and Policy Studies Alliant International University Elinor M. Zorn, M.D. Child Advocacy Program Children s Hospital of Central California Madera, California