Effects of management on corporate hip (case study Mellat bank) Mohamad mehdi benhari.1 Zahra sadat Mousavi 2* 1. Islamic azad university central tehran branch 2.* University of TEHRAN ABSTRACT Knowledge is known as the most important competitive factor, and in addition to, innovation is identified as the most important factor for survival of the company. Knowledge-creation process is the same as the production of and ultimately transform it into products and services through the concept of innovation. Information about changing management model was based on Whigs' model. Statistical population includes all employees of Mellat Bank in Tehran that among them 150 were selected based on Cochran formula and were measured using a questionnaire. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software. The results of the analysis indicated that there is a significant positive correlation between the size and components of management including creation, maintenance, application of and to transfer the with hip and finally, the general research hypothesis was confirmed based on the management and there was a significant positive relationship between corporate hip and management. Keywords: management, corporate hip, Mellat Bank Statement of the problem When organizations were looking for finding information and. But today, is another matter with massive amounts of data, which in many cases face a variety of management and proper utilization of their own. Nowadays, information and management become competitive based on a position in the dynamic and innovative to survive in the markets and trade, subject to the acquisition, development and update individual and organizational. To the extent that is considered an integral part of the capital. The alert management, it is more and more a tool called, to confront and deal with the factors of uncertainty, maintain position and create innovations for the development of competitive use. This requires that organizations with respect to management, consider it as an urgent need for leadership in the field of competition, among the priority programs on their end. The so-called -based economy reflects developments in advanced industrial societies in the late twentieth century. The main basis of these developments is the transition from an industrial society to a post-industrial society what society or the information society has been called postmodern. One of the foundations of this transition is centered the transition from an industrial economy to a service economy, -based production. In such a context of economic based economy where is known as a source of competition. In this economy, science, research, technology and innovation create and use of computers and the Internet become increasingly important in order to share and use of is the boom (Nasirzadeh and Nagy, 2008). The world in the twentieth century saw massive changes in all areas of the business; so that today, globalization, increased competition, the development of information technology, due to the quality of goods and services, customer satisfaction, inefficient governments and... Management of the public sector around the world and the area has faced serious challenges. So, the experiences of developed countries in the seventies onwards, indicates their full attention the issue of innovation and progress in society (Moqimi, 2006). On the other hand the rapid changes, intensifying competition between companies, the rapid growth of small businesses, shortening the life cycle of products, increasing expectations of society and the need for innovation Entrepreneurship is indispensable for the survival of organizations (MO Baringer and Ireland, 2009, 29) Therefore, the entrepreneurial activities into the way organizations and administrators Entrepreneurship is increasingly looked to them to Invention and innovation and commercialization of their products and services (Moradi, 2006: 82)
Considering the importance of management in corporate hip The study examines the impact of management on organizational hip (Case study bank employees). Theoretical Foundations Knowledge management "The most fundamental characteristic of smart twentyfirst century, is the emphasis on and information. Unlike the past, today the advanced technology required to capture, management and operation of information and to effectively manage and track changes are endless. Knowledge is a powerful tool that can change the world and create innovations possible (Cheese 1998) "The importance of cannot be ignored in today's complex global environment. The organizations that know how to information to effectively acquire, distribute and manage, will be the industry leaders. We are moving towards a period that competitive advantage not only through access to information, but more importantly will be achieved through the creation of new (Davenport, 1997) "Knowledge management is an interdisciplinary business with all aspects of creation, encryption, sharing and use of to improve learning and innovation in the context of corporate. Knowledge management, together with current technological tools and organizational methods including the production of new, gain valuable from external sources, the use of this to decide to enter a to the processes, products and services, coding information in the documentation, software and databases, facilitate the growth of, transfer of to other parts of the organization and the measurement of assets and the impact of management (Leonard, 1990) Knowledge management paradigm Due to the interdisciplinary nature of management, research and theories reflect two basic paradigms: 1. Technological 2. Social Corporate The two paradigms are also known as technical computing and organic. Organic non-computer paradigm emphasizes on scientific disciplines and team dynamics in the environment suggests the importance of human resources organization. In this regard, the interaction of individuals, business structure, business processes and organizational culture are the most important factors. All of these factors to understand the requirements of the context and environment in which management systems in it are emphasized. Paradigm technical computing and Model Assumptions predefined topics of software and hardware deals. This approach reflects the view Malhutra (1998) in. He is a static view, rational and non-contextual suggests based on mathematical models and exploration. The approach diagnosed reference solutions for organizational problems. The approach represents a paradigm of technical - computer of of the institutionalization of best practices for the predictable, linear and proper routine. On the contrary, the organic paradigm (ecological ) represents a dynamic approach that has been associated with a variety show continuous retest. In such an environment should emphasized on maximization of compliance not optimization (Hazlt et al., 2005) Definitions of hip: First, the term hip, for the first time, was used by Cantillon (1755) into economic theory. Cantillon buy wholesale goods with fixed price and sell with an unstable price to retailers and retailers have purchased the goods from wholesalers in a fixed price and sell in an uncertain price to the consumer. In this way, farmers, suppliers, Wholesalers, retailers are all (Ahmadpour Dariani, 2012, 44) Entrepreneurial activity, including exploration, evaluation and exploitation of Opportunities introduce products and services, methods of organization, markets, new processes and raw materials, through organized efforts that have not been made, the above definition of entrepreneur includes several conceptual framework describes the phenomenon of hip is a prerequisite for: The first requires entrepreneurial opportunities, and situations in which people believe that they can be part of the tool - a new target for recombination resources, in order to take profits. Second, hip requires differences among people, especially ' need preferential access to information or the ability to organize information related to opportunities that in both the cases are different. Third, risk tolerance is part of the entrepreneurial process, by definition take advantage of opportunities associated with uncertainty. Fourth, the entrepreneurial process requires organization, the purpose of the organization is not Entrepreneurship is not necessarily associated with the establishment of a new company However, creating a new way to organize an opportunity is another way to use market mechanisms, although the process of 909
hip Through the creation of a new company or the use of market mechanisms result People need new ways to take advantage of opportunities (organization) that there was not is already. Fifth: the entrepreneurial process is a particular type of innovation (Shane, 2009, 12-14). Entrepreneurship experts from major business areas but according to Sheen and Katraman (2000), Schumpeter (1934) refers to an activity that an individual or organization which tries to introduce entrepreneur / explore, evaluate and exploit the opportunities 1) creating and introducing new goods and services 2) new methods in office and organized business structures. 3). New ways of marketing. 4). Processing and identifying new sources of raw materials used, and this activity has got to do in a way that will, in the definition of the researchers the opportunity to have considered the heart of the entrepreneurial process. It is this entrepreneurial process actually originated opportunities and engaging in identifying the procedures / discovery, evaluation and exploitation of the likes, and those who discover, evaluate and exploit the opportunities of hip called entrepreneur (Yadollahi, Jahangir et al., 19). Entrepreneur: The person primarily is responsible for collecting resources to start the business, and /or who mobilize the necessary resources to start or grow a business, and his focus is on innovation and process development, new product or service (Ahmadpour Dariani, 2012, n). Entrepreneurship is a process that individual with new ideas and identify new opportunities and to mobilize resources, attempts to create businesses and jobs and new companies, new and innovative, and growing the organization. This process involves risk and danger, resulting in a new product or service to society (Moqimi, 2002: 7). As the expression of ideas and innovation are fundamental in the process of hip hence it can be concluded that management can play a vital role in supporting and Entrepreneurship of play. To create and acquire new with existing can change the storage of organizational and The quality and quantity of existing to create innovative ideas and increase (Gold et al., 2001: 195) Socio-cultural theories One of the most important factors affecting the entrepreneurial culture of the society dominated culture is a set of values, common habits, traditions, ideas and attitudes that belong to the community from one generation to another can be transported. (Ridvani and Golabi, 2011: 93) For the entrepreneurial culture that respects the, encourages more people to hip, to make entrepreneurial culture societies can create policies to encourage entrepreneurial behavior means that the entire population of a community or society can more or less be an entrepreneur. There is a strong relationship between entrepreneurial quests and culture of people to identify and understand the social and cultural foundations of a society or a particular region, for example in a village can provide a good starting point to create an entrepreneurial economy and society. (Hashemi et al., 2011 : 100) Forgot aspects of hip, social and cultural factors that hip has been a onedimensional look of today because the person who creates the new ideas deals with social themes, such as, family characteristics, customs of the community, participation and collaboration friends and neighbors and relatives that they can help him to achieve success that's why Alison emphasized features that affect the formation of entrepreneurial behavior and states it as follows: Roles in society, from life experience, family background, level of education and awareness, social class and bureaucratic organizations. Entrepreneurship because of its social benefits and positive effects in rural communities reduces social anxiety and resource utilization activists they provide great national productivity. Entrepreneurship through the state income creates social benefits for community that represents a kind of socio-economic development of society, the greater the community participation in entrepreneurial activity achieve the faster economic and social development (ibid, 100) Another issue of interest to the researchers was whether are born or are through education. It shows the importance of education. Hornady and Naikon (1979) found that many successful feel that before the current young generation, education is less important for however, the intense competition for high growth technology and education is important for. Vesper (1982) on Education believes that are more likely to defeat there are people who have experience but no degree. The second group of that their failure is even more than the first Those who have been trained but have no experience in contrast, the work of actors who have experience and high activities are led by trained together (Ahmad pout Dariani, 2012: 110) Individual differences affect other sociological trends in the utilization of entrepreneurial opportunities, including age. Initially, the increased age when people learn the 910
information and skills necessary for effective hip although entrepreneurial performance is increased when leveled added the effects of aging can be preventing from the elusive uncertainty so, they are not so long able to effectively take entrepreneurial decisions and aging entrepreneurial performance, they tend toward the negative part. (Shane, 2006: 55). It cannot be a good age to start an activity to be determined conclusively. The studies carried out by the Frye 88% of between the ages of 20 and 50 had started its activity 65 percent of them between the ages of 20 and 40. Based on these studies, we can say that perhaps the best time for to late 20s His early 40s because of the ages of the balance between the necessary experience and Early on the one hand and on the other hand is a family responsibility. Of course there are some exceptions at a young age and at the age of 50 to 60 years to start and be successful (Ahmadpour Dariani, 2012: 111) Social status: The relationship between a person's social status and other members of two particular aspects is called social status, researchers mentioned two special aspects of a person's social status that influences the desire to take advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities: the first is social status and position, this means that others see him as the class of the society. The second is the person's social communication means what is his relationship with the other members of the community. The social position causes more likely to take advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities in order to exploit the entrepreneurial opportunities, one must despite the uncertainty and information asymmetry that such opportunities are created to convince others that he recognizes the valuable opportunity. Because to convince others about the opportunities is necessary both to organize and acquisition of resources, researchers have found that under conditions of uncertainty and their likely asymmetry of information that a social position increases the possibility that a person can convince others that the opportunity that has identified, is a valuable opportunity. Because people tend to accept the claims of higher social status in addition, people who has social status make less effort on the value of personal information Health claims (to convince other young men). Social interaction increases the likelihood of exploitation of opportunities, in order to take advantage of the opportunity, the entrepreneur must be able to access process information resources that can be exploited to facilitate. These resources often achieved through the direct and indirect social relations of the individual can expect that personal relationships affect his entrepreneurial activities performance, because the performance of risky businesses to access information from other sources depend on the achievement of these cases related to social interactions. As a result, that have greater access to social networks, have more diverse and better access to financial resources, have stronger relationships with customers and suppliers connect people, acquire more accurate data than other to hire more skilled people as a result of the acquisition and risky business, they will have better performance (ibid., 53-55). Conceptual model: In this study, the basic concepts of research have been selected Knowledge management and enterprisespecific hip and the dimensions and indicators related to these concepts based on the model. The model of choice for management is a model based on the Whigs (1993). The hypotheses were also formulated based on the model. Hypotheses: General hypothesis: Organization al entrepreneur s Knowledge creation Preserve Transfer of Application of between management and organizational hip. 911
Sub assumptions: between creation and. between Preserve and organizational hip. between transfer and. between the application of and entrepreneurial organization. Methodology The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of management on organizational hip in Mellat Bank and considering the issue and goals, the cross-correlation method is used. Data in this study is questionnaire according to literature, to confirm the validity of professors and experts is used and to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire a sample of 30 pieces of questionnaires distributed among the population and is measured using SPSS software Cronbach's alpha. The questionnaire included 34 questions that 10 questions related to the independent variable (KM) and 6 questions were designed for each of the four dependent variables. Cronbach's alpha test results showed that the questionnaire is reliable enough. The alpha value of 0.93 management, alpha of 0.89, equal to 0.91 preserve alpha, alpha transfer was 0.88 and application of alpha was equal to 0.81... The research population includes all bank employees in Tehran that using stratified random cluster sampling method and approach of existing banks in the city, some banks were selected based on Cochran formula, the sample size was 150. Sample members using a questionnaire were assessed and data were analyzed using SPSS software. Inferential test assumptions First hypothesis: it seems there is a significant relationship between creation and. H1: organizational creation has a positive effect on hip. H0: on hip does not affect the organization. Knowledge creation Knowledge creation Pearson correlation 1.797 ** Pearson correlation.797 ** 1 To investigate the relationship between creation and, Pearson test was used. The significance level was tested against 0 is less than 1% as a result of these two variables, there is a significant relationship with the probability of 99%. Because of the correlation (0.7970) and positive direct indication of the relationship between the two variables this means that will improve by increasing the. As a result, assuming the null hypothesis is confirmed or rejected. The second hypothesis: it seems there is a significant relationship between Preserve and organizational hip. H1: organizational preserve has a positive effect on hip. H0: Preserve on hip does not affect the organization. Preserve innovation Preserve Pearson correlation 1.623 ** Pearson correlation.623 ** 1 912
Correlation table above shows the relationship between two variables, Preserve and entrepreneurial organization. As can be seen from the above table of significant levels (0.000) is less than 0.05. As a result, the relationship between the two variables is significant, confirming the hypothesis of a null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the two variables and preserve and entrepreneurial organization is rejected. Third hypothesis: It seems there is a significant relationship between transfer and. H1: The transfer of has a positive effect on corporate hip. H0: The organization does not affect the transfer of on hip. Transfer of Transfer of Pearson correlation 1.654 ** Pearson correlation.654 ** 1 To examine the relationship between organizational transfer and hip, Pearson test was used. The Significance level was tested against 0 is less than 1% as a result of these two variables to be 99%, there is a significant relationship. Because of the correlation (0.654) represents a direct positive relationship between the two variables, this means that by increasing the transfer of, entrepreneurial organization will improve. As a result, assuming a verified and null hypothesis is rejected. The fourth hypothesis: it seems there is a significant relationship between the application of and entrepreneurial organization. H1: application of has a positive effect on corporate hip. H0: does not affect the application of. Application of Application of Pearson correlation 1.725 ** Pearson correlation.725 ** 1 To examine the relationship between two variables, application of and corporate hip, Pearson test was used. The Significance level was tested against 0 is less than 1%, as a result, there is a significant relationship between these two variables is likely to be 99%. Because of the correlation (0.725) and is positive, it indicates that there is a positive relationship between these two variables, this means that by increasing the use of, corporate hip is also. Knowledge management 913 increasing. As a result, assuming the null hypothesis is confirmed or rejected. General hypothesis: It seems there is a significant relationship between management and organizational hip. H1: application of has a positive effect on corporate hip. H0: does not affect the application of Knowledge management Pearson correlation 1.000.769 ** Significance level..000
Pearson correlation -.769 ** 1.000. To investigate the relationship between two variables, corporate hip and management, Pearson test was used. The significance level was tested against 0 is less than 1% as a result of these two variables there is a significant relationship with the probability of 99%. Because of the positive correlation (0.769) represents a direct positive relationship between the two variables in this way, the increase of management, corporate hip is also increasing. As a result, verification and assuming a null hypothesis is rejected. Discussion Innovation is a critical factor for organizations to create value, sustainable competitive advantage (Robbins, 2010). Organizations to further innovation in response to the changing environment and the development of new capabilities, will be more successful allowing them to better their performance but this process is quite complex and requires effective management and efficient in many different activities (Noori, 2005). The main challenge in the field of hip is how it can be created and improved. The Pearson correlation coefficient test results found that there is a significant positive relationship between creation and. The Pearson correlation coefficient test results found that Between Preserve, transfer and application of and there is a significant positive relationship. Since the results of the relationship between management and Indicators show that the bank's corporate hip, to improve management of each of the indicators proposed the following is recommended: Strengthening educational and valuable people, because more people have of any size, they will be less resistant to change. The recruitment of qualified and skilled experts, to take expertise in supplying products and services, the use of key customers, the customers of a particular product and permanent use in daily use more often than people who have developed a product are aware of the strengths and weaknesses of the product. The use of engaging documents to create significant differences in the level of utilization of. Create a user-friendly working conditions, the use of on the job; because it's easier for employees in a position of that where students can work immediately. To encourage people to use the and finally, employees familiar with the norms and values of the organization. References Ridvani, M., pears, Amir Mohammad, marketing, entrepreneurial firms (1390), Press Center, First Edition Hashemi, Sayed Said, docile Langroodi, Hassan, Qadiri innocent, M, Rezavani Mohammad, a resident, Mohammad, (2011), explaining the role of the Islamic council Dhyaryha rural hip development, rural research paper is the second year the number one. Shane, Scott, in 1388, the general theory of hip, publications with graphics printing. Ahmadpour dariani, Mahmoud (2001), hip: definitions, Nzryatvalgvha, Tehran: Nshrprdys. Barlyngr, Bruce R., Ireland, R. DeAnne, translated Jafari Moghadam Said. Momeni, if and Momeni, Nona (2009), Entrepreneurship: successful launch of new businesses, printing, Tehran: illumination. Hassan Moradi, N. (1385), Karafrny management, printing, Tehran, published by the Institute for Research and Education Management. Moqimi, M., 1385. Entrepreneurship in government agencies, Tehran: cross-eyed, no one. Nasirzadeh, Gh.r. And savior, the, 1387, service innovation, Tehran: Tehran Simin, No 1. Chase,R.L.(١٩٩٨). navigators.information outlook, ٢(٩),p١٨.Damanpour, F. (١٩٩١). innovation: A meta analysis of effects ofdeterminants and moderators. Academy ofmanagement Journal, ٣۴, p. ۵٨۵. Davenport, T.H., & Prusak, L. (١٩٩٨). Working : How organizations managewhat theyknow. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. Hazlett, S.A, Mcadam, R., Gallagher. S. ( ٢٠٠۵). Theory Building in management : In search of Paradigms. Journal ofmanagement Inquiry, Vol. ١۴ No.١, PP.٣١-۴ ٢. 914
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