The investigation of the relationship between the learning of environment to entrepreneurship foster

Transcription

1 International Journal of Management and Humanity Sciences. Vol., 3 (11), , 2014 Available online at ISSN X 2014 The investigation of the relationship between the learning of environment to entrepreneurship foster 1 Royae Afrassiabi*, and 2 Tayebeh Hadi 1- PhD in Education, Education Department, Islamic Azad University of Bojnord royae1352_dr@yahoo.com 2- M.A. in Education, Islamic Azad University of Bojnord *Corresponding author royae1352_dr@yahoo.com Abstract The present study is examining the relationship between the learning from environments to fostering entrepreneurship. It is an applied research in terms of purpose, and is used descriptive-correlation method in terms of data collection. The population of this research consisted 169 people, which the number of the 169 people was selected according to stratified random sampling method that is used Morgan sampling table. Instruments of this study are including books, magazines, and standard questionnaire of learning from the environment and the entrepreneurial ability based on Likert s model. Components of the learning from environments such as creating innovative strategies as indicators of research and its impact on the creativity and entrepreneurship process, has been studied. The findings suggest that there is a significant relationship between learning from environments, creating innovative strategies, and fostering entrepreneurship. Keywords: Learning from environments, fostering entrepreneurship, the ratio between creating innovative strategies on learning from environments Today, the entrepreneurship training has become one of the most important and vastest of foreign universities activities, and what it is more focused during this era, is the training objectives, being appropriate content courses of training, being entrepreneurial of teaching practices, the development of an entrepreneurial culture, the researches evolution on information supports of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs, consulting, and financial need to setup of entrepreneurial activities on behalf of the students and alumni, the organizing of membership activities, and effective training courses of entrepreneurial courses and implementation and coordination of training courses and mentioned cases together in order to train of the entrepreneur s students and alumni and these students have skillful in recognition of the opportunities and positions and movement toward of the development of these successes, are considered as the true pioneers of the variation in the economic and social development. (Maleki, 2008:1) The today world, is the world of changing, and seldom passes a day without innovation in the economic world, changes in production or service status, in such circumstances, more organizations are looking for a solution to fit these conditions that these solutions that have mentioned by authorities, is training and development of human resources. Moreover, scientifically, the cultural, social, technological, economic, and political forces are combined to have forced the organizations should be more attention to the substantial potential in general and the training in particular. What it can be extremely important in the designing and implementing of training, is the effectiveness evaluation of these types of training, so that in terms of the obtained results, can be designed the complementary training. (Tadbir, 180) Currently, the entrepreneurship is a very important area of the study and research and can help as communities economic development, increase of productivity and access to technology, produce of new products and services, in recent years, the training institutions are focusing and recognizing to the information related to the entrepreneurship and people can to be train of the entrepreneurial skills. (Hezar jaribi, 2005:9) The effectiveness entrepreneurship education requires that the students find the suitable practical experience through society business working and increases to real value of their businesses and therefore to prepare added to value of their businesses. (Moghimi, 2008:12)

2 The issue statement The introducing of training function in entrepreneurship can be considered in the following view of Mr. Professor Shigeru Phobi, professor of Japan Kobe University in (Khalighi, 2008:48) In the late of 1960, the entrepreneurial training in the worldwide, had developed with a fast- growing speed, in the decades of 1980 and 1990, we were witness of the unprecedented growth in demand for entrepreneurship training. Gormon(1997) implies to Bandura work has argued that the training can be fundamental principle in relation to the beginning and the establishment of a business, by means of it, it is expected that the transfer of knowledge and its acquisition and also the development of entrepreneurial skills are causing of the increasing of efficiency and effectiveness of potential entrepreneurs, they continue that can be expanded this fundamental principle, in order to include of the people preparing to manage a small business,so that the entrepreneurship not only wasn t the intrinsic matter, but also it is the acquisition and trainable and therefore the schools and institutions and all educational levels in this field have the important and fundamental role. (Hasrich and Peters, 2003:13) The entrepreneurs with regard to their characteristics, such as risk and achieve wealth, having different experiences of the labor market world and economic status, business intelligence, family background in business activities, knows as the physical and educational characteristics, and he knows the training as one of the main determinants in the entrepreneurial moral. (Dershuis, 2003:7) The main purpose of this research is to answer the question that whether there is a relationship between the learning of environment and entrepreneurship fostering? Larz also believes that the people with the balanced skills and familiar to various subjects and professions, more than the others to become entrepreneurs. He also concluded in his research that the majority of male entrepreneurs, were often elderly people and the majority of them have been trained in entrepreneurship courses. (Larz, 2003:9) In the past time, the people believed that entrepreneurs are inherent features and these features are always being born with them, such as initiative, aggressive mood, mobility; tend to apply risk, analysis capabilities and skills in human relations. So the fundamental assumption was that entrepreneurs do not grow through education, but today the entrepreneurship have identified as a field of scientific courses that the importance of training role are not covered by any individual. In general, training in entrepreneurship can lead to acquire of the relevant knowledge, skills techniques in using of the analysis of economic opportunities and combining of the operational programs, identifying and incorporating entrepreneurial talents and skills and etc. Even the training and entrepreneurship education courses are concerned, so that these courses are designed for the growth and survival of large corporations to entrepreneurs, and the primary objective of the entrepreneurship development is the breeding of the self-reliant people and aware of the opportunities, generally who are more willing to set up an independent business, entrepreneurship training can be considered as an starting point for improving and motivating people's desire such as independence, opportunity -seeking, initiative, desire, risk taking, commitment to work, tend to problems solving and enjoying of uncertainty and ambiguity. (Hezar Jaribi, 2005:142). The Research Objectives The main objective of the research The Identifying of the relationship between learning of environment on the foster entrepreneurship. The Secondary Objectives The identifying of the relationship between the creations of innovative strategies on the entrepreneurship fostering. The identifying of the relationship between learning of environment towards of the creation of innovative strategies on the entrepreneurship fostering. The Research Hypotheses The main hypothesis of the research There is a relationship between the learning of environment and entrepreneurship foster. The Sub- Hypotheses There is a relationship between the creations of innovative strategies on the foster entrepreneurship. The learning of environment has greater role towards of the creations of innovative strategies on the entrepreneurship fostering. 3556

3 The Community and Statistical Sample In the present research, the statistical community included of 300 persons and the sample volume has been selected based on Morgan table of 169 persons. The questionnaire of the individual capability in the entrepreneurship This questionnaire is based on Likert standard model. The questionnaire of the individual capability in the entrepreneurship strongly agree Agree strongly disagree Disagree The reliability of the questionnaire entrepreneurial enterprise. Average = 2.08 Standard deviation =0.447 Number = 169 individual capability in the entrepreneurship Statistical reliability of the questionnaire The number of test questions Cronbach's alpha test

4 Average = 1.76 Standard deviation =0.372 Number = 169 learning of environment Average = 81.8 Standard deviation =0.421 Number = 169 Creating innovative strategies The main hypothesis of the research There is a relationship between the learning of environment and entrepreneurship foster. 3558

5 Testing hypotheses are proposed as follows: Where is considered as the correlation coefficient between the learning of environment and promote of the incidence of entrepreneurship fostering. In order to investigate of the correlation between the learning of environment and promote of the incidence of entrepreneurship fostering is used of Pearson correlation coefficient. These values are significant in 0.05 levels. Therefore be concluded that there is a significant correlation between the learning of environment and promote of the incidence of entrepreneurship fostering. The Second Sub-Hypothesis There is the relationship between the creations of innovative approaches on the entrepreneurship foster. Testing hypotheses are proposed as follows: Where is considered as the correlation coefficient between the creation of innovative approaches and promote of the incidence of entrepreneurship fostering. In order to investigate of the correlation between the creations of innovative approaches and promote of the incidence of entrepreneurship fostering is used of Pearson correlation coefficient. These values are significant in 0.05 levels. Therefore can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between the creations of innovative approaches and promote of the incidence of entrepreneurship fostering. The Third Hypothesis The learning of environment towards the creation of innovative approaches has a greater role in entrepreneurship fostering. Testing hypotheses are proposed as follows: Where is considered as the correlation coefficient between the creation of innovative approaches and the learning of the environment. In order to investigate of the correlation between the creation of innovative approaches and the learning of the environment is used of Pearson correlation coefficient. These values are significant in 0.05 levels. Therefore can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between the creations of innovative approaches and there are the direct and positive effect on the learning of the environment and the creation of innovative approaches on the entrepreneurship fostering. Suggestions It is necessary for larger and more fundamental changes to start of the following evolution thinking. Always seeking to identify of your life problems. Accept the focus on a problem or task to be solved well. Before doing anything, whatever simple, you think. Show the appropriate response to the events. Thinking to multi- lateral form. Identifying and strengthening of the individuals general capabilities. Combining of the competition foster and desired superiority in the organization. Conclusion The effective learning role of the environment to foster entrepreneurship and optimal utilization of available opportunities in the environment for viable customers' demands and the employers, in this stage, the successful entrepreneurship processes, including of:1- creativity and opportunity recognition,2- Evaluation and exploitation of creativity opportunities and innovative strategies to advanced thinking exchange in restoration and development in line with of the preserving of growth and development of the new opportunities, that a entrepreneurial model includes of taking lessons of the failures and continuous entrepreneurship and creating of the innovative solutions is required of divergent thinking, so that can to solve a problem was looking for the possible different solutions, as a result of, provides the impossible solutions(apparent device) on (a new intellectual apparatus) to make possible, moreover, when a new strategy is effective, that it is able as well as maintaining of the organization profitability, to create greater value for customers, for any amount that a new approach to have the favorableness, the imitation of its for the competitors to be more difficult is valuable, in some cases it may lead to great solution for the organization and employees. 3559

6 References Dershuis V, University of Amsterdam and tin Bergen institute, Miriam rang (university of Amsterdam and tin Bergen institute) wim vijverbery (university of Texas at Dallas and IZA) Entrepreneurship selection and performance, ameta- analysis of the impact of education in industrialized countries. Hazarjabiri J, Entrepreneurship, Institute of economic affairs publication: first edition. Hisrich RD, Peters MP, Entepreneurship, edition, Entemational edition, Newyork, Mcgraw Hill/ Irwin Lazer P, Entrepreneurship, national bureau of economic research (NBER) institute for study of labor Stanford University, graduate school of business, IZA discussion paper, NO. 760 Maleki B, Entrepreneurship in universities, Tadbir jouranal, Vol. 18, No, 182 Moghimi M, Pazouki A, Entrepreneurship encyclopedia (Over one hundred and thirty papers from the most prominent scientists of the world in the field of entrepreneurship), Tehran: Hampa Publication. Return of capital: evaluation of training s effectiveness, Tadbir Magazine, No. 180, 3, Khalighi, SH.(2008), Entrepreneurial skills of managers and organizational effectiveness in small and medium sized businesses. 3560