ANNEX P HAZARD MITIGATION

ANNEX P HAZARD MITIGATION CITY OF HOUSTON

TABLE OF CONTENTS ANNEX P MITIGATION COVER... i AUTHORITY & IMPLEMENTATION... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS... iii 1. AUTHORITY...1 2 PURPOSE...1 3. EXPLANATION OF TERMS...1 4. SITUATIONS & ASSUMPTIONS...5 5. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS...5 6. ORGANIZATION & ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES...10 7. DIRECTION & CONTROL...12 8. READINESS ACTIONS...12 9. ADMINISTRATION & SUPPORT...12 10. ANNEX DEVELOPMENT, MAINTENANCE &IMPLEMENTATION...12 11. REFERENCES...13 12. APPENDICES...14 APPENDIX A...15 APPENDIX B...17 APPENDIX C...18 ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 iii

ANNEX P HAZARD MITIGATION 1. AUTHORITY 1.1. See City of Houston Emergency Management Plan 1.2. Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 1.3. Pertinent Executive Orders 1.4. The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (PL 93-288), as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (PL 106-390) 2. PURPOSE 2.1. The purpose of this annex is to provide the concepts for administrative and operational activities, which could lead to the reduction and/or possible removal of those conditions that cause potential hazards or are hazardous to the public. 2.2. Provides opportunity for long-term programs that could reduce the negative effects of disasters or emergencies. 2.3. Additionally, develop guidelines to manage mitigation efforts in concert and coordination with state and federal policies. 3. EXPLANATION OF TERMS 3.1. Acronyms 3.1.1. DPS Texas Department of Public Safety 3.1.2. EMC Emergency Management Coordinator 3.1.3. EOC Emergency Operations Center 3.1.4. FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency 3.1.5. HMC Hazard Mitigation Coordinator 3.1.6. HMT Hazard Mitigation Team 3.1.7. NIMS National Incident Management System 3.1.8. OEM Houston Office of Emergency Management 3.1.9. SHMO State Hazard Mitigation Officer 3.1.10. TDEM Texas Division of Emergency Management 3.2. Definitions ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 1

3.2.1. Appropriate Mitigation Measures: Mitigation actions that balance the cost of implementation against the potential cost of continued damages, if such measures are not taken. Mitigation measures should be less costly to implement than the damages they are intended to prevent. Floodplain management, acquisition of flood prone property, enhanced insurance coverage, and the adoption and enforcement of safe land use regulations and construction standards are considered as highly appropriate mitigation actions. 3.2.2. Area of Responsibility: The area covered by the comprehensive Emergency Management Plan is the City of Houston, which is the fourth largest city in the nation and has a land mass 639 square miles and a population of 2.2 million. 3.2.3. Benefit/Cost: The ratio between the cost of implementing a mitigation project versus the benefits (amount of future cost savings) potentially achieved. Projects funded under HMGP or PDM must have a B/C of 1 to 1 or greater. 3.2.4. Disaster: A hazard caused event that results in widespread or severe damage, injury or loss of life, property or resources, and exceeds the recovery capabilities of a jurisdiction. Disaster assistance provided by the Federal or State government is intended to supplement local government resources and to enhance recovery capabilities to achieve a speedy and efficient return to pre-incident conditions. 3.2.5. Disaster Resistant Community: A community-based initiative that seeks to reduce vulnerability to natural hazards for the entire designated area through mitigation actions. This approach requires cooperation between government agencies, volunteer groups, individuals, and the business sectors of a community to implement effective mitigation strategies. 3.2.6. Hazard Analysis: A document that provides a risk based quantitative method of determining mitigation and preparedness priorities and consists of a hazard assessment, vulnerability assessment, and risk assessment. A Hazard Analysis identifies vulnerabilities and risks within each sector of the community and is a living document that is reviewed and updated annually 3.2.7. Hazard Event: Any occurrence in which people and/or property are adversely affected by the consequences of a natural or man-made hazard. 3.2.8. Hazard Mitigation: Sustained actions taken to eliminate or reduce long-term risk to people and property from hazards and their effects. The goal of mitigation is to save lives and reduce damages to property, infrastructure, and the environment and, consequently to minimize the costs of future disaster response and recovery activities. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 2

3.2.9. Hazard Mitigation Grants: There are three federal mitigation grant programs that provide federal cost-share funds to develop and implement vulnerability and risk reduction actions: 3.2.9.1. Flood Mitigation Assistance Program (FMA) Provides predisaster grants to State and local governments for both planning and implementation of mitigation strategies. Each State is awarded a minimum level of funding that may be increased depending upon the number of National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) policies in force and repetitive claims paid. Grant funds are made available from NFIP insurance premiums, and therefore are only available to communities participating in the NFIP. 3.2.9.2. Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) Authorized under Section 404 of the Stafford Act; provides funding for cost-effective post-disaster hazard mitigation projects that reduce the future potential of loss of life and property damage. 3.2.9.3. Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program (PDM) - Authorized by Section 203 of the Stafford Act as amended by the Disaster Mitigation Act (DMA) of 2000 (Public Law 106-390). The PDM Program provides a means to fund pre-disaster hazard mitigation actions specifically designed to eliminate or reduce the consequences of future disasters. The PDM s primary focus is: 3.2.9.3.1. Prevent future losses of lives and property due to hazards 3.2.9.3.2. Implement State or local hazard mitigation plans 3.2.10. Local Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT): A multi-disciplined organization composed of representatives of mutually supporting organizations and agencies from local governments and the private, public and civic sectors. Members of the HMT, also referred to as the local Team, meet regularly to evaluate hazards, identify strategies, coordinate resources and implement measures that will reduce vulnerability of people and property to damage from hazards. The HMT is a partnership through which all governmental, public, civic and private sector entities come together to support and participate in activities to determine and implement methods, and commit resources to reduce the community s level of risk. Team membership is listed in Appendix 1 to this annex. The roles and responsibilities of each team member organization/agency are described in Section 6 of this plan. 3.2.11. Mitigation Action Plan (MAP): A document that outlines the nature and extent of vulnerability and risk from natural and man-made hazards present in a jurisdiction and describes the actions required to minimize the effects of those hazards. A mitigation action plan also describes how prioritized mitigation measures will be funded and when they will be implemented. The ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 3

area of coverage for a MAP is based on commonly shared hazards, needs, and capabilities; plans may be prepared for a single city, as a countywide plan, or on a regional basis (prepared by a Council of Governments, a River Authority, or a coalition of several counties). Mitigation Action Plan s (MAP) must be formally adopted by city ordinance, Commissioners Court order, and/or joint resolution. DMA 2000 (Public Law 106-390) requires jurisdictions to have a FEMA-approved MAP or be signatories to a regional plan not later than November 1, 2004, or they will not be eligible for mitigation grant funds for mitigation projects. 3.2.12. Public Assistance Program: For the purposes of this annex, this refers to disaster recovery grants authorized under Section 406 of the Stafford Act to repair the damages to public facilities following a major disaster declaration. PL 106-390 requires mitigation components be added to repair projects to reduce repetitive damages. 3.2.13. Risk Factors: A group of identifiable facts and assumptions concerning the impact of specific or associated hazards. An analysis of interrelated risk factors provides a means to determine the degree (magnitude) of risk produced by a particular hazard or an incident and, consequently, provides a means to determine the priority of mitigation planning and implementation activities. A sample listing of risk factors are as follows: 3.2.13.1. Number of previous events involving this hazard. 3.2.13.2. Probability of future events occurring that involves this hazard. 3.2.13.3. Number of people killed or injured during previous events and number of people potentially at risk from future events involving this hazard. 3.2.13.4. Damages to homes, businesses, public facilities, special-needs facilities, and unique historic or cultural resources, crops, livestock that have been caused by previous events or are potentially at risk from future events involving this hazard. 3.2.13.5. Capabilities and shortfalls of emergency management organization to effectively respond to emergency situations involving this hazard. 3.2.13.6. Recovery activities needed to return jurisdiction to pre-event status. The recovery process involves not only time requirements, but also the associated costs to repair damages, restore services, and return economic stability after occurrence of the event. 3.2.14. Sectoring: Dividing the community into manageable geographic segments for defining specific types of information concerning what is vulnerable and at ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 4

risk in each sector. Sectioning facilitates mitigation and preparedness planning as well as response, search and rescue, and damage assessment operations. 3.2.15. Sustainable Development: Managed community growth that meets the needs of the present without jeopardizing the needs of future generations. Sustainable development considers the impact of hazards on the community in the years ahead. 4. SITUATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS 4.1. Situation 4.1.1. The City of Houston Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (HVA) indicates that we are susceptible to many different types of natural, technological, and human caused hazards. Incidents, emergencies, and disasters in the past validate that lives and property remain vulnerable during similar occurrences. 4.1.2. The identified hazards have potential for causing significant loss of lives, personal injuries, and/or extensive property damage. Mitigation efforts are taken to minimize or eliminate when possible the affects of identified hazards. 4.1.3. Mitigation actions are rarely a quick fix with many projects taking several years to plan, fund, implement, and evaluate. 4.2. Assumptions 4.2.1. Some events or exposures such as severe weather are unavoidable. 4.2.2. The effects of some events can be eliminated and/or minimized by implementing appropriate mitigation actions. Following a major incident, emergency, or disaster provides excellent focus on application of post-mitigation actions needed to reduce risk if situation reoccurs. 4.2.3. There is the need for coordination of local, state and federal mitigation efforts with individuals, corporations, and public entities. 4.2.4. The mitigation process is dynamic in which planning and preparedness activities require an on-going process that is integral and supportive of the City s comprehensive emergency management program. 5. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS 5.1. General 5.1.1. The City of Houston continues implementing and evaluating hazard mitigation efforts; such as flood plain management, building and fire inspections, and regular enforcement of laws and ordinances. These actions reduce the risk and effects of hazardous situations. The City of Houston will ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 5

identify actions that may be taken to eliminate or reduce impacts of disasters and plan for the long-term improvements. The Texas Division of Emergency Management, State Hazard Mitigation Officer (SHMO), may provide information to assist the City of Houston in their mitigation efforts. 5.1.1.1. This annex will not attempt to describe in detail all aspects of the mitigation program for the City of Houston, but recognizes achievement of hazard mitigation objectives is a governmental priority and will require all departments to engage in collaboration to identify and implement risk reduction measures. 5.1.1.2. The City of Houston s Office of Emergency Management (OEM) is responsible for coordinating mitigation activities with other City departments. In addition, OEM will work with county, state, and federal agencies on mitigation issues that are appropriate for the City. To achieve an effective mitigation program, OEM will create a Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT) composed of department representatives and/or agencies having direct mitigation responsibilities. The Emergency Management Coordinator is responsible for appointing the Hazardous Mitigation Coordinator (HMC) and an alternate. Refer to section 5.2 in this plan. 5.1.1.3. This mitigation planning and implementation process is intended to facilitate the identification and implementation of appropriate mitigation actions. This process, in turn, facilitates the development of a joint objective with local, state, and federal partners. 5.1.1.4. Consistent with capabilities, the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) and the State HMT will provide coordination, technical assistance, and guidance in a collaborative effort to help achieve effective risk reduction objectives. 5.2. Hazard Mitigation Coordinator (HMC) City of Houston 5.2.1. The HMC and alternate are appointed by and serves under the Emergency Management Coordinator in the Office of Emergency Management. 5.2.2. The HMC chairs the hazard mitigation committee. 5.2.3. The HMC serves as the primary point of contact on all hazard mitigation projects submitted for grant funding. Is responsible for ensuring the Mitigation Action Plan (MAP) and Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (HVA) are current and congruent by on-going review and update. 5.2.4. The HMC serves as the liaison between State/Federal agencies and the City Departments on hazard mitigation projects. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 6

5.3. Hazard Mitigation Team (HMT) 5.3.1. Members of the HMT provide a multi-disciplined local capability to identify mitigation opportunities and implement mitigation measures in both preincident and a post-incident situation. 5.3.2. The HMT is a standing organization with flexible membership that uses a standardized approach dependent upon the particular mitigation activity under consideration. This flexibility allows the OEM to tailor the group to meet the situation while insuring the involvement of appropriate individuals from the community. 5.3.3. The HMT, under the leadership and coordination of the HMC, is responsible for establishing the data collection process and for collecting the data that provides a systematic means to identify hazards and assess their impact on this jurisdiction. 5.3.4. The Hazard Mitigation Team provides a means to develop a multi-disciplined, on- going mitigation planning and implementation process. 5.3.5. Consistent with capabilities, the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) may provide technical assistance and guidance to achieve effective risk reduction. 5.4. Supporting Documents 5.4.1. In 1999 the City of Houston developed a risk assessment and vulnerability analysis for natural and some technological hazards. This document is maintained by the OEM. The document is at a minimum updated annually by the HMT with every effort being made to incorporate new information as it becomes available. The vulnerability analysis is a tool used by the HMT to develop the Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP). 5.4.2. The City revises and updates the HMP on an on-going basis, to enhance addressing all hazard situations. The HMP document at a minimum will be reviewed annually and updated at least every five years by the HMC with assistance from the HMT, with emphasis and effort being placed on incorporating new information as it becomes available. 5.4.3. Documents prepared to identify vulnerabilities and subsequent mitigation measures identified to mitigate the effect are prepared to be complementary of each other. Plans developed for facilities should segue into the local plan; the local plan should segue into the County, Regional, and eventually the State plan. Hazards do not typically limit themselves to jurisdictional boundaries therefore; every effort will be made to ensure that proper coordination exists when mitigating the impacts. 5.4.4. Copies of these documents have very limited distribution are only distributed on a need to know basis. If a person or organization would like to view or ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 7

have copies of specific material, a written open records request would be required, with the purpose of how this material will be utilized specified in the request. 5.5. Operations of the Hazard Mitigation Team 5.5.1. General 5.5.1.1. Hazard mitigation activities are not only in response to an incident and a known hazard, but are also an active search for ways to prevent or reduce the impact from newly discovered hazards. 5.5.1.2. The mitigation process is long-term in nature and therefore is an ongoing element of the emergency management program, which directly influences preparedness, response and recovery efforts. 5.5.1.3. Mitigation activities can be initiated at any time, but are classified as either pre-incident or post- incident actions. 5.5.2. Pre-Incident 5.5.2.1. Pre-incident mitigation takes place before the occurrence of an incident. This period provides a more relaxed atmosphere for the development and implementation of long-term, multi-hazard oriented mitigation measures and is the most appropriate time for reducing risks and potential damages. 5.5.2.2. City of Houston departments should develop plans and engineering designs to implement long-term improvements. These efforts will be geared to minimize the effects of disasters on public and private facilities necessary for public health and safety. 5.5.2.3. The HMT will meet on a regular basis for the purpose of developing mitigation projects, prioritizing existing projects, updating, and maintaining the hazard analysis. 5.5.2.4. During the pre-incident mitigation phase is the preferred time when HA and MAP are developed and maintained. Mitigation information can be used to assist decision makers and emergency responders to better understand potential impact or risk by providing detailed vulnerability and risk data for identified sections being impacted. 5.5.3. Post-Incident 5.5.3.1. The post-incident mitigation phase occurs after an incident has already occurred and adversely affects the jurisdiction. These activities are typically a response that is too late to prevent or reduce impacts already suffered. Heightened hazard awareness and a desire for a rapid recovery provide emphasis for conducting effective mitigation activities. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 8

5.5.3.1.1. The post-incident mitigation management phase consists of initial implementation of site and area surveys to identify the scope and extent of damages to establish benchmarks to verify and validate results of damage assessment tool. 5.5.3.1.2. Post-incident phase will help to evaluate effectiveness of previously implemented mitigation actions. A Presidential Disaster Declaration may be declared in extreme disaster situations. 5.5.3.1.3. Following a Presidential Disaster Declaration, the City s HMT will be used to assess City Facilities damaged by the disaster and identify mitigation opportunities to prevent future damage. 5.5.3.1.4. Recommendations will be used to seek funding assistance for mitigation projects under Sections 404 and 406 of Public Law 93-288. 5.5.3.1.5. Section 406 receives funding from the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and allows funding to prevent site specific damage related to the disaster. 5.5.3.1.6. Section 404 receives funding from Public Assistance under Public Law 93-288. Application for project funding will be submitted based on pre-disaster priorities that have been identified and developed. 5.5.3.1.7. Pre-Disaster Mitigation (PDM) funding is available annually on a nation wide competitive basis and will be sought and applied for in a timely manner for identified projects. 5.5.3.1.8. Review and develop ordinances, building codes and develop standards to minimize the occurrence and impact of an incident or event. 5.6. National Incident Management System (NIMS) 5.6.1. The National Incident Management System (NIMS) will be used to manage and coordinate mitigation efforts by integrating a combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, technical, specialist, and communications into a common organizational and management structure. 5.6.2. NIMS is used to organize both near-term and long-term field level operations for a broad spectrum of emergencies, from small to complex incidents, both natural and manmade. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 9

5.6.3. NIMS in mitigation will be limited during actual response phase, but will be crucial during assessment and recovery efforts following an incident. NIMS principles should be applied on an on-going basis to ensure effective coordination and management of assessment and documentation occurs pertaining to post-disaster impact. See Basic Plan and Annex N (Direction and Control) for additional details related to NIMS. 5.6.4. Departmental policies and procedures are developed based on these principles of the disaster cycle. 6. ORGANIZATION & ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES 6.1. Hazard mitigation is a function that requires coordination of a variety of multidisciplined on-going activities. The EMC is responsible for the overall emergency management and mitigation program. The HMC is appointed by the EMC, and serves as the mitigation local projects officer for the jurisdiction and responsible for coordinating with designated state mitigation project officers. 6.2. Task Assignments 6.2.1. Houston Office of Emergency Management: 6.2.1.1. Review mitigation projects and initiatives. 6.2.1.2. Monitor hazard mitigation activities. 6.2.1.3. Coordinate meetings of Hazard Mitigation Team 6.2.1.4. Apply for and manage grants to assist with hazard mitigation. 6.2.2. Public Works and Engineering: 6.2.2.1. Manage the Flood Plain Management programs for the City 6.2.2.2. Develop storm water management strategies 6.2.2.3. Works with regional agencies to support projects that impact the City 6.2.3. General Services Department (GSD): 6.2.3.1. Coordinate mitigation actions at City facilities 6.2.3.2. Develop mitigation strategies for post-incident evaluation, planning, and implementation. 6.2.4. Police Department: 6.2.4.1. Maintain records, identify hazardous routes prone to transportation accidents ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 10

6.2.4.2. Enforce regulated hazardous cargo routes to minimize the populations exposure to potential transportation accidents involving hazardous cargo 6.2.5. Fire Department: 6.2.5.1. Inspect using and enforce adopted codes 6.2.5.2. Conduct pre-fire planning 6.2.5.3. Communicates crucial impact/damage information to the City s Emergency Operations Center (EOC) following an incident or event. 6.2.6. Planning and Development Department: 6.2.6.1. Coordinate with City s Office of Emergency Management on issues such as land use. 6.2.6.2. Inspect using and enforce adopted codes. 6.2.6.3. Provide mapping and other demographic information of the City. 6.2.6.4. Assimilates and analyze data to plan for future operational and recovery efforts. 6.2.7. Harris County Flood Control District: 6.2.7.1. Identify flood hazard areas and develop engineered facilities for transport of storm drainage. 6.2.7.2. Maintain drainage channels to facilitate storm water runoff. 6.2.7.3. Implement projects in effort to alleviate or minimize high-water impact to property. 6.2.8. Harris County Office of Emergency Management: 6.2.8.1. Continue expansion and improvements to an automated flood warning system. 6.2.8.2. Coordinates activities with the City of Houston Office of Emergency Management. 6.3. Agencies assigned to the HMT: 6.3.1. OEM 6.3.2. Council Members. 6.3.3. Public Information Office. 6.3.4. COH Departments. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 11

6.3.5. Community/Neighborhood Groups. 6.3.6. Business Associations. 7. DIRECTION AND CONTROL 7.1. The Office of Emergency Management will coordinate appropriate hazard mitigation efforts through various City departments. Each department will be responsible for implementing those mitigation efforts that have been approved within their area of responsibility. Departments that have initiated projects will provide the Office of Emergency Management with a quarterly report documenting progress and expenditures. 7.2. The Hazard Mitigation Coordinator and alternate are appointed by the Emergency Management Coordinator. Line of succession for operation is developed by the HMT based on the expertise based on the hazard being addressed and in accordance with parent organization s established procedures/policies. See Basic Plan for City of Houston line of succession. 8. INCREASED READINESS ACTIONS 8.1. Hazard Mitigation activities are dynamic and require on-going measures to maintain an effective mitigation management program. See Basic Plan for details on readiness levels for the emergency management program. 9. ADMINISTRATION AND SUPPORT 9.1. Records and Reports 9.1.1. The EMC will oversee and maintain records related to previous incidents and disasters and ensure they are readily available upon request from the State. Records contain data pertinent to risk factor analysis and, consequently, aid in determination of mitigation requirements. Risk factor analysis provides a means to determine significant levels of risk or significant hazards that require initiation of a Hazard Mitigation Team Report. 9.1.2. The Hazard Mitigation Team Report is a record of mitigation planning and implementation activities. The report is a management tool to facilitate the identification of mitigation opportunities and the development of an action plan and implementation schedule. This report system also provides a means to increase inter-governmental participation in the mitigation process through exchange of ideas, technical assistance, and guidance. See Appendix C for details of the Hazard Mitigation Team Report Form. 9.1.3. Additionally, reports that monitor long-term implementation measures should be prepared, as requested, by those departments having on-going mitigation projects. These reports should identify the scope of the project, estimated cost and estimated completion date. A copy of these reports is to be sent to the OEM. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 12

9.2. Release and Distribution of Information 9.2.1. Hazard Mitigation projects and/or programs which have been funded by city departments or other agencies are provided to OEM upon request. This information is provided to the Texas Department of Emergency Management (TDEM) in the annual Work Plan. 9.2.2. Completed reports, historical records and associated correspondence will be maintained and utilized as a management tool for the continued development of a mitigation strategy for the City of Houston. 10. ANNEX DEVELOPMENT, MAINTENANCE AND IMPLEMENTATION 10.1. Development 10.1.1. The Annex P (Mitigation) Plan must be revised through a formal process every five years. 418.043(4) of the Government Code provide that the Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM) of the State of Texas shall review Annex F Plan and must approve each planning cycle. 10.1.2. Refer to Basic Plan 1.5, 1.5.1 for additional details on plan development and maintenance of annex plans. 10.2. Maintenance 11. REFERENCES 10.2.1. The City of Houston Office of Emergency Management (OEM) is responsible for developing and maintaining this Annex. This Annex can be revised at any point in time if necessary during the cycle. The EMC or designee is responsibility for identifying deficiencies or changes that prompt need to revise this Annex (e.g. incidents; exercises; drills; organizational changes; regulatory changes; legislative changes, state and federal mandates; technological changes; etc). 10.2.2. The annex plan will be reviewed and updated at minimum every five years. For additional details pertaining to annex revision and maintenance see Basic Plan 1.5 section. 11.1. City of Houston Basic Plan, January 2010 11.2. City of Houston Risk Assessment & Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (HVA), January, 2010 11.3. Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM), Texas Hazard Analysis ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 13

11.4. Texas Division of Emergency Management (TDEM), Texas Hazard Mitigation Plan 11.5. TDEM, Mitigation Handbook (DEM-21) 11.6. Additionally instructional material for developing mitigation strategies, implementing mitigation activities, and preventing impacts from a disaster are available from the Office of Emergency Management and via the internet. 12. APPENDICES 12.1. APPENDIX A GLOSSARY 12.2. APPENDIX B. HAZARD ANALYSIS 12.3. APPENDIX C.HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM REPORT ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 14

APPENDIX A GLOSSARY Disaster Disaster Assistance Incident Hazard Mitigation Mitigation Action A disaster may be defined in these terms: A sudden calamitous event causing g great damages, losses or destruction of property and injury or loss of life. Secondly, an event where the availability of local government resources is exceeded by the magnitude of the event Provided by the state or federal government is intended to supplement local government resources; thereby, enhancing the recovery capabilities and to achieve a speedy and efficient return to pre-incident conditions The occurrence of an action or situation in which people and/or property are placed at risk from the adverse effects of that event. The severity of an incident is determined by the degree and magnitude of the risk Any action taken to eliminate, lessen the severity of or reduce long-term risk to human life and property Mitigation measures should compare the cost of implementation against the potential cost of continued damages, if such measures are not taken. Mitigation measures should be less costly to implement than the damages they are intended to prevent. Flood plain management, the adoption and enforcement of safe land use regulations and construction standards are considered as highly appropriate mitigation actions. Such actions are relatively inexpensive to implement, long-term in nature and are applicable on an area-wide basis. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 15

Risk Factors Identifiable facts and assumptions that concern the impact of specific or associated hazards. An analysis of interrelated risk factors provides a means to determine the degree and magnitude of risk produced by a particular hazard or an incident. Risks factor may provide means to determine the priority of mitigation planning and implementation activities Number of previous incidents involving this hazard Probability of future incidents occurring which also involve this hazard Number of casualties during previous incidents and the number of people potentially at risk from future incidents involving this hazard Damages to houses, businesses, public facilities and other structures which have been caused by previous incidents and those which are potentially at risk from future incidents involving hazards Ability of emergency management organizations to effectively respond to incidents involving hazards Recovery activities needed to return the City of Houston to pre-incident status. The recovery process involves not only time requirements, but also the associated costs to repair damages, restore services and return economic stability after an incident ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 16

APPENDIX B HAZARD ANALYSIS The hazard analysis for the City of Houston is maintained separately; the document is reviewed after each disaster and updated annually. A summary of the Hazard analysis is included in the Basic Plan ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 17

APPENDIX C HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM REPORT City of Houston Hazard Mitigation Team Report Date Project Officer E-Mail Address City Houston State Texas Zip Phone Fax Impact Area: Hazard Identification: Incident Period: From Number of Previous Events: Background & Discussion: To Number of Residents at Risk: Mitigation Action: Lead Department: Schedule: (Timeframe) HMT Recommendations: Estimated Cost: Funding Method: ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 18

HAZARD MITIGATION TEAM REPORT INSTRUCTIONS Part 1 (DATE) Fill in the current date. Part 2 (Project Officer Information): - Project Officer: Name of the Project Officer. - E-Mail: Project Officers E-Mail Address. - Address: Project Officer Business Address. - Zip: Project Officer Mailing Zip Code. - Phone: Project Officers phone number. - Fax: Project Officers Fax number. Part 3 (Impact Area) Define the impact area to include Lat/Long. Part 4 (Hazard Identification) Define the type of hazard that occurred. Part 5 (Incident Period) From: the date the incident began To: the date the incident ended Part 6 (# of Previous Events) How many incidents of this type have occurred in this location. Part 7 (# of Residents at Risk) How many individuals reside in the affected area. Part 8 (Background & Discussion) Provide a narrative to support recommended Mitigation Action (Part 9). Part 9 (Mitigation Action) Project Officers Recommended Mitigation Action. Part 10 (Lead Department) COH Department responsible for implementing recommended Mitigation Action. Part 11 (Estimated Cost) Estimated cost to implement recommended Mitigation Action. Part 12 (Schedule/Timeframe) Estimated duration from initiation to completion of recommended Mitigation Action. Part 13 (Funding Method) How will funding be appropriated for recommended Mitigation Action. Part 14 (HMT Recommendations) HMT will concur with Project Officers recommendation or will suggest alternative recommendations in this section. ANNEX P - HAZARD MITIGATION SEPTEMBER 16, 2011 19