Project report On WIRELESS NETWORKING Prepared by ASHISH KUMAR SAHU Project guide MR. SAKET DIXIT
Certificate This is to certify that ASHISH KUMAR SAHU Has completed project on WIRELESS NETWORKING Successfully Center Head Project Guide MR. SUNIL DIXIT MR.SAKET DIXIT Examiner
Index Introduction of wireless tech. Types of wireless network. Wireless standards. Components requirements. Types of access point. Wireless LAN security Acknowledgement Bibliography
Acknowledgement I am thankful to jet king for giving me this opportunity of presenting a project on the wireless networking I am thank full to Mr. Saket Dixit for explaining the topic so that inspired me to make a project.
INTRODUCTION Wireless technologies allow one or more devices to communicate with each other without any physical connection such as cables. Wireless technologies use radio frequency transmission for transmitting data. The important components required for setting up a wireless network are access point, extension point, wireless bridges, power ling bridges, antennas, wireless adapter, wireless station and server.
TYPES OF WIRELESS NETWORK 1. Peer-to-Peer(P2P) or Ad-Hoc Connected wirelessly with the use of wireless Network Interface Card (NIC). Computers can access printers and share files. Wired LAN can be accessed using bridging. 2. Access point or Infrastructure wireless LAN Wireless device connects to the access point to connect to the network Access point acts as a hub to connect two wireless devices Wireless bridge used to connect wireless network to wired network.
WIRELESS STANDARDS Wireless technologies work as per the standards accepted worldwide and offer different levels of security. IEEE 802.11 Developed by Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) for defining different aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking. IEEE 802.11 Standards 802.11 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n Standard Data Rate Max range Frequency Compatibility 802.11 2Mbps 46 meter 802.11a 54Mbps 46 meter 802.11b 11Mbps 91 meter 802.11g 54Mbps 91 meter 802.11n 540 Mbps 2.4 GHz 802.11 5 GHz 802.11a 2.4 GHz 802.11b 2.4 GHz 802.11b, 802.11g 2.4/5 GHz
Components Requirements The important components required for setting up a wireless network are: 1. Medium 2. Access point and Extension point 3. Wireless bridges and Power line bridges 4. Antennas 5. Wireless adapters 6. Wireless Station and Server 7. Software Medium Wireless medium is an unguided form of networking medium. Wireless transmission involves use of technologies such as Bluetooth, Infrared, Lasers, Radio signals and Microwave technologies. Lasers, infrared and Bluetooth are used mainly in LAN environment whereas microwave and other radio frequencies are used to connect vast geographical locations. Mobile computing allows users to do their work at any location. Access Point and Extension Point a. Access Point Device that bridges a wireless connection and a wired connection.
Two types of access points: Hardware access points and Software access points. Generally acts as a hub and operates at layer 1. b. Extension Point Used if single access point is not able to cover entire area. Acts as wireless relay extending the range of wireless network. TYPE OF ACCESS POINT 1. HARDWARE ACCESS POINT: Hardware access point is a physical device that is used to establish a connection between a wired network and a wireless network. 2. SOFTWARE ACCESS POINT: Software Access Points are computer which includes a wireless network interface card.
Wireless and Power-line bridges a. Wireless bridge Used to connect two or more wireless networks. b. Power-line bridge Used to penetrate a wireless network that is otherwise difficult to penetrate.
Antennas and Adapters Antennas are used to increase the range of wireless network Antennas should be compatible with the router, AP or the adapter i.e. installed in the network Types of antennas used: Omni directional antennas - Used indoors and small in size Directional antennas - High gain and used for long range outdoor use Wireless adapters help to connect computer or PDA to a network Wireless adapters are available as PC cards, PCI and mini PCI, USB, and CompactFlash. Wireless LAN Security Four methods of wireless network security: 1. Data encryption (WEP and WPA) 2. Service Set Identifier (SSID) 3. Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering 4. Port Based Access Control
Data Encryption WEP(Wired equivalent privacy) It configure client and AP with same key for encryption and decryption Encryption key used by WAP is static that does not change session to session No mechanism for user authentication WPA(Wi-Fi protected access) It has dynamic encryption key that are issued on the basis of per user and per session It supports authentication Service Set Identifier (SSID) It is a 32 characters unique identifier It is the ID or name of a wireless network It is used to differentiate network from one another Devices in the same network should have same SSID
MAC Address Filtering In MAC address filtering access point keeps a MAC address table in which it keeps the MAC address of those systems that are allowed to connect with access point. System that MAC address is not in the table of access point will not allow to connect with AP. Port Based Access control Defined AS 802.1x Utilizes extensible authentication protocol (EAP) for authentication. System having the support of EAP are allowed to connect with AP.
Bibliography To understand the project neatly, I went through some materials. I referred: CCNA Book. Internet. Others.